Model test device and method for researching multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of shared anchor

Abstract

The invention relates to a model test device and method for researching multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of a shared anchor. The device comprises a base; the model box is provided with a gate-type reaction frame with the degree of freedom in the Y direction; the first actuation injection assembly is movably arranged on the gate-type reaction frame, has degrees of freedom in the Z direction and the X direction, and is configured to press the shared anchor into the test depth of the model box; and the loading mechanism is arranged on the gate-type reaction frame and comprises a loading frame assembly with a degree of freedom along the Z direction, and a second actuation loading unit and a third actuation loading unit which are arranged on the loading frame assembly. The device can simulate the penetration, horizontal static and dynamic loading process of the shared anchor in the soil under different site conditions and different loading conditions (including static and dynamic loading in the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, multiple directions, force control and displacement control conditions), and can accurately collect and analyze all necessary data at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine engineering, and relates to a model test device and method for studying multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of a shared anchor. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of energy transition and carbon neutrality, offshore wind power is rapidly developing globally, with installed capacity increasing rapidly. Taking floating wind power as an example, the foundation of a floating wind power project accounts for 20% to 30% of the total investment cost. Economic pressures are forcing developers to continuously increase the capacity of individual turbines to improve efficiency, placing higher demands on the floating support structure that carries the upper turbine load. Cost optimization offers significant potential for reducing investment. Although floating foundations are more adaptable to water depths than fixed foundations, the economics of existing solutions still do not support large-scale commercial development.

[0003] In 2023, the Hywind Tempen project, invested in by Equinor, the Norwegian national oil company, went into operation. It is the world's first floating wind farm to utilize a shared anchoring design. Its 11 wind turbines utilize only 19 suction anchors. Compared to the Hywind Scotland project, completed in 2017 (which employed traditional independent mooring and a total of 15 suction anchors for its five turbines), this represents a 42.5% reduction in anchors, demonstrating the enormous technical and economic potential of the shared anchoring design.

[0004] Therefore, in order to study the load-bearing and failure mechanism of shared anchors, it is of great significance to carry out shared anchor model tests based on domestic and foreign research and conduct in-depth research on the above issues.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent ZL201710436101.7 discloses a loading device and loading method for geotechnical engineering model tests. The loading device includes a static loading mechanism, which includes a ground anchor, two reaction frame columns, two force sensors, a reaction frame beam, two loading bolts, a reaction plate, at least two loading springs, and a pressure plate. The two reaction frame columns are fixed to the ground anchor using column anchor bolts. The two force sensors are respectively connected to the middle section of a reaction frame column. The reaction frame beam spans between the two reaction frame columns and is locked from top to bottom using loading bolts. The reaction plate is arranged below the reaction frame beam and is fixedly connected to the pressure plate via the loading spring. This patent can only load in the vertical direction and cannot provide loading conditions in the horizontal direction. It has a relatively simple function and is inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a model test device and method for studying the multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of shared anchors, so as to simulate the penetration, horizontal static and dynamic loading process of shared anchors in soil under different site conditions and different loading conditions (including static and dynamic loading in horizontal and vertical directions and multi-direction, force control and displacement control conditions), and at the same time, accurately collect and analyze all necessary data.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] In one aspect, the present invention provides a model test apparatus for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading, comprising:

[0009] base;

[0010] Place the model box on the base,

[0011] A portal reaction frame mounted on the base and having a degree of freedom in the Y direction;

[0012] a first actuating penetration assembly movably disposed on the portal reaction frame and having degrees of freedom along the Z direction and the X direction, configured to statically press the shared anchor into the test depth of the model box;

[0013] And a loading mechanism installed on the portal reaction frame, which includes a loading frame assembly with freedom along the Z direction, and a second actuation loading unit and a third actuation loading unit installed on the loading frame assembly, wherein the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit are configured to apply loads to the shared anchor in two perpendicular planes.

[0014] Furthermore, the portal reaction frame includes a reaction frame column arranged on the base and movable back and forth along the Y direction, and a reaction frame fixed beam connected to the reaction frame column.

[0015] Furthermore, the first actuation penetration component includes a reaction frame moving beam arranged on the gantry reaction frame and capable of rising and falling along the Z direction, a moving beam slider arranged on the reaction frame moving beam and capable of moving back and forth along the X direction, and a first servo actuator installed on the moving beam slider, the first servo actuator being used to apply a loading load to the shared anchor so that the shared anchor is statically pressed into the model box.

[0016] Furthermore, the output end of the first servo actuator is also connected to the first horizontal steering assembly, the first prestressed ring, the first force sensor and the first conversion flange in sequence, and is in contact or connected with the top end of the shared anchor through the first conversion flange to achieve load loading.

[0017] Furthermore, the side wall of the reaction frame column is further provided with a movable beam lifting guide rail along the Z direction and cooperating with the movable beam of the reaction frame, and the portal reaction frame is further provided with a first driving assembly for driving the movable beam of the reaction frame to move along the movable beam lifting guide rail;

[0018] The reaction frame moving beam is also provided with a moving beam slide rail that slides with the moving beam slider and along the X direction, and a second driving component for driving the moving beam slider to move back and forth along the moving beam slide rail.

[0019] Furthermore, the loading frame assembly includes a first loading frame beam arranged on the portal reaction frame and capable of being raised and lowered in the Z direction, a second loading frame beam arranged on the first loading frame beam and capable of being moved back and forth in the X direction, a second actuating loading unit is arranged on the first loading frame beam, and the third actuating loading unit is arranged on the second loading beam.

[0020] Furthermore, the gantry reaction frame is further provided with a loading frame lifting slide rail along the Z direction and slidingly engaged with the first loading frame crossbeam, and a third driving assembly for driving the first loading frame crossbeam to move along the loading frame lifting slide rail;

[0021] A loading frame fixing plate along the X direction is installed on the first loading frame crossbeam, a second crossbeam slider that can move back and forth along the loading frame fixing plate is installed on the loading frame fixing plate, and the second loading crossbeam is arranged on the second crossbeam slider.

[0022] Furthermore, the loading frame assembly also includes two groups of pulley units arranged corresponding to the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively, each group of pulley units includes a pulley rail installed on the model box along the Z direction, an upper pulley and a lower pulley arranged on the pulley rail and adjustable in height, and a loading wire rope, the loading wire rope passes around the upper pulley and the lower pulley, and one end is connected to the second actuation loading unit or the third actuation loading unit respectively, and the other end is connected to the shared anchor.

[0023] More preferably, the second actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator, and a second force sensor and a second actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the second servo actuator.

[0024] The third actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator, a third force sensor and a third actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the third servo actuator.

[0025] The second actuator conversion head and the third actuator conversion head are both used to connect the loading wire rope.

[0026] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a model test method for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading, which is based on the model test device as described in any one of the above items, and the model test method comprises:

[0027] (1) Place the model box on the base and fill it with gravel cushion and soil bed;

[0028] (2) placing the shared anchor at the test point of the model box, moving the portal reaction frame and the first actuation penetration assembly so that the first actuation penetration assembly is aligned with the shared anchor, and statically penetrating the shared anchor to the test depth by setting the loading speed, and collecting experimental data including force and displacement during the penetration process;

[0029] (3) After the shared anchor completes the static pressure penetration, the first actuation penetration assembly is disengaged from the shared anchor, the height of the loading frame assembly is adjusted, and the shared anchor is connected through the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively, and the data including force and displacement during the recording process are recorded according to the set loading method and parameters;

[0030] (4) After the loading process is completed, the auxiliary loading components connected to the shared anchor are removed, and the shared anchor is pulled out after the test is completed.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1) Different soil bed types and relative densities can be selected during the test, enabling the study of shared anchor penetration, horizontal static and dynamic loading processes under different soil conditions;

[0033] 2) It can be further coordinated with the intelligent control and data acquisition integrated system to adjust the position of the portal reaction frame, loading frame assembly and servo actuator through software settings to adapt to the pile position.

[0034] 3) The loading mode can be selected as displacement control or force control, which can simulate different shared anchor loading conditions, making the test analysis more comprehensive;

[0035] 4) During the test, various sensors can collect important data such as penetration depth, penetration force, horizontal force, and horizontal displacement during the entire process of continuous penetration of the shared anchor to ensure the reliability of the test.

[0036] 5) This loading device can load various wind turbine foundations, including single pile foundations, suction bucket foundations, shared anchor foundations, etc. Loading objects include but are not limited to the above-mentioned foundation types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the static pressure penetration structure of the model test device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left side perspective;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure with horizontal static and dynamic loading;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A side view schematic diagram of

[0041] Description of the marks in the figure:

[0042] 1. Model box; 2. Water inlet and outlet; 3. Gravel cushion; 4. Soil bed; 5. Base; 6-1. Reaction frame column; 6-2. Loading frame lower limit; 6-3. Loading frame lift rail; 6-4. Loading frame lift screw; 6-5. Loading frame upper limit; 6-6. Loading frame lift drive motor; 6-7. First drive motor; 6-8. Reaction frame fixed beam; 6-9. Moving beam upper limit; 6-10. Moving beam lift guide rail; 6-11. Moving beam lower limit; 6-1 2. Column locking mechanism; 6-13. Column moving part; 7-1. Reaction frame moving beam; 7-2. Moving beam locking mechanism; 7-3. Second drive motor; 7-4. Moving beam left limit; 7-5. Moving beam slide rail; 7-6. Moving beam slider; 7-7. Moving beam drive flange; 7-8. Moving beam screw; 7-9. Moving beam right limit; 8-1. First loading frame beam; 8-2. First beam slider; 8-3. Second loading frame beam; 8-4. Third loading frame beam; 8- 5. Loading frame fixing plate; 8-6. Second crossbeam slider; 9-1. First servo actuator; 9-2. First horizontal steering assembly; 9-3. First prestressed ring; 9-4. First force sensor; 9-5. First conversion flange; 10-1. Second servo actuator; 10-2. Second force sensor; 10-3. Second conversion head; 10-4. Fourth force sensor; 11-1. Third servo actuator; 11-2. Third force sensor; 11-3. Third conversion head; 11-4. Fifth Force sensor; 12-1, first pulley column; 12-2, first pulley rail; 12-3, first upper pulley; 12-4, first lower pulley; 12-5, first side wall rail; 12-6, first pulley fastening bolt; 13-1, second pulley column; 13-2, second pulley rail; 13-3, second upper pulley; 13-4, second lower pulley; 13-5, second side wall rail; 13-6, second pulley fastening bolt; 14, shared anchor; 15, intelligent control and data acquisition integrated system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0044] In the following implementation manners or examples, unless otherwise specified, functional components or structures are conventional components or conventional structures used in the art to achieve corresponding functions.

[0045] In order to simulate the penetration, horizontal static and dynamic loading of the shared anchor 14 in the soil under different site conditions and loading conditions (including static and dynamic loading in horizontal and vertical directions and in multiple directions, force control and displacement control), and to accurately collect and analyze the necessary data, the present invention provides a model test device for studying the multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of the shared anchor 14. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, including:

[0046] Base 5;

[0047] The model box 1 is placed on the base 5.

[0048] A portal reaction frame mounted on the base 5 and having a degree of freedom in the Y direction;

[0049] a first actuating penetration assembly movably disposed on the portal reaction frame and having degrees of freedom along the Z direction and the X direction, configured to statically press the shared anchor 14 into the test depth of the model box 1;

[0050] And a loading mechanism installed on the portal reaction frame, which includes a loading frame assembly having a degree of freedom along the Z direction, and a second actuation loading unit and a third actuation loading unit installed on the loading frame assembly, wherein the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit are configured to apply loads to the shared anchor 14 in two perpendicular planes.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, the portal reaction frame includes a reaction frame column 6-1 disposed on the base 5 and movable back and forth in the Y direction, and a reaction frame fixed beam 6-8 connected to the reaction frame column 6-1. In addition, a column moving member 6-13, such as a column roller, can be disposed at the bottom of the reaction frame column 6-1 to enable back and forth movement along a specific direction on the base 5. A column locking mechanism 6-12 can also be disposed on the column moving member 6-13 to lock the freedom of movement of the column moving member 6-13, thereby locking the position after adjustment.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, the first actuation penetration component includes a reaction frame moving beam 7-1 provided on the gantry reaction frame and capable of being raised and lowered in the Z direction, a moving beam slider 7-6 arranged on the reaction frame moving beam 7-1 and capable of being moved back and forth in the X direction, and a first servo actuator 9-1 installed on the moving beam slider 7-6, wherein the first servo actuator 9-1 is used to apply a loading load to the shared anchor 14 so that the shared anchor 14 is statically penetrated into the model box 1. In order to limit the lifting and lowering stroke of the reaction frame moving beam 7-1, a corresponding moving beam lifting upper limit 6-9 and moving beam lifting lower limit 6-11 are further provided on the gantry reaction frame. At the same time, in order to limit the left and right moving stroke of the moving beam slider 7-6, a moving beam left limit 7-4 and a moving beam right limit 7-9 can also be further provided on the reaction frame moving beam 7-1. In addition, a moving beam locking mechanism is provided on the reaction frame moving beam 7-1, which can lock its position on the portal reaction frame. The moving beam locking mechanism here can be a structure commonly used in the field to realize the position locking function, such as a locking pin, etc. The specific structure here does not belong to the innovative protection point of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0053] In a more specific embodiment, the output end of the first servo actuator 9-1 is also connected in sequence to the first horizontal steering assembly 9-2, the first prestressed ring 9-3, the first force sensor 9-4, and the first conversion flange 9-5. The output end of the first servo actuator 9-1 is then contacted or connected to the top of the shared anchor 14 via the first conversion flange 9-5 to achieve load loading. The first swivel flange is provided to facilitate connection with the shared anchor 14. The first horizontal steering assembly 9-2 and the first prestressed ring 9-3 are commonly used structures in the art. Horizontal rotation is achieved by cooperating with each other and adjusting the degree of closure of the prestressed ring. This structural element does not constitute an innovative feature of the art and will not be further elaborated upon.

[0054] In a more specific embodiment, the side wall of the reaction frame column 6-1 is further provided with a movable beam lifting guide rail 6-10 along the Z direction and cooperating with the movable beam 7-1 of the reaction frame, and the portal reaction frame is further provided with a first driving assembly for driving the movable beam 7-1 of the reaction frame to move along the movable beam lifting guide rail 6-10;

[0055] The reaction frame moving beam 7-1 is also provided with a moving beam slide rail 7-5 that slides with the moving beam slider 7-6 and moves along the X direction, and a second drive assembly for driving the moving beam slider 7-6 to move back and forth along the moving beam slide rail 7-5. In the present invention, the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly can adopt a matching screw transmission mechanism. Specifically, the first drive assembly can include a first drive motor 6-7, a moving beam lifting screw, a nut pair that matches the moving beam lifting screw and is connected to the reaction frame moving beam 7-1, etc.; the second drive assembly can include a second drive motor 7-3, a moving beam screw 7-8, a moving beam drive flange 7-7 that is threadedly matched with the moving beam screw 7-8 and fixedly connected to the moving beam slider 7-6, etc.

[0056] In some specific embodiments, the loading frame assembly includes a first loading frame beam 8-1, mounted on the gantry reaction frame and capable of vertical movement in the Z direction, and a second loading frame beam mounted on the first loading frame beam 8-1 and capable of reciprocating in the X direction. A second actuating loading unit is mounted on the first loading frame beam 8-1, and the third actuating loading unit is mounted on the second loading frame beam. To limit the travel of the first loading frame beam 8-1, the gantry reaction frame is also provided with corresponding loading frame lift upper and lower limits 6-5 and 6-2.

[0057] In a more specific embodiment, the gantry reaction frame is further provided with a loading frame lifting rail 6-3 that slides along the Z direction and cooperates with the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1 through the first crossbeam slider 8-2, and a third driving assembly for driving the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1 to move along the loading frame lifting rail 6-3;

[0058] A loading frame fixing plate 8-5 along the X direction is installed on the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1, and a second crossbeam slider 8-6 that can move back and forth along the loading frame fixing plate 8-5 is installed on the loading frame fixing plate 8-5, and the second loading frame is arranged on the second crossbeam slider 8-6. In the present invention, the third drive assembly can also adopt a screw transmission mechanism, specifically, it includes a loading frame lifting drive motor 6-6, a loading frame lifting screw 6-4, and a nut pair that is threadedly matched with the loading frame lifting screw 6-4 and fixedly connected to the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1. In addition, since there are two reaction frame columns 6-1 of the gantry reaction frame, the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1 and the third loading frame crossbeam 8-4 are respectively provided corresponding to the two reaction frame columns 6-1, and then the two can be connected through the loading frame fixing plate 8-5.

[0059] In a more specific embodiment, the loading frame assembly also includes two groups of pulley units arranged corresponding to the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively, and each group of pulley units includes a pulley rail installed on the model box 1 along the Z direction, an upper pulley and a lower pulley arranged on the pulley rail and adjustable in height, and a loading wire rope, the loading wire rope passes around the upper pulley and the lower pulley, and one end is connected to the second actuation loading unit or the third actuation loading unit respectively, and the other end is connected to the shared anchor 14. Through the upper pulley and the lower slider with adjustable height, the inclination angle of the loading force applied to the shared anchor 14 can be easily adjusted, so that the loading requirements in different directions can be achieved. In addition, in order to better collect loading data, a fourth force sensor 10-4 and a fifth force sensor 11-4 are provided on the loading wire rope corresponding to the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively. At the same time, the pulley rail can be installed on the pulley column, and the pulley column can be arranged on the side wall rail of a certain side surface of the model box 1 in an adjustable manner, for example, it is fixed to the side wall rail by a pulley fastening bolt to set the position. During specific operation, the upper pulley and the lower pulley can both move in the vertical direction. The pulley group uses the upper pulley to adjust the horizontal connection between the loading wire rope and the corresponding actuation loading unit (i.e., the actuator), and the lower pulley to adjust the angle between the loading wire rope and the anchor ear connected to the shared anchor, thereby adjusting the loading direction of the shared anchor.

[0060] It should be pointed out that, according to the corresponding second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit, the pulley column can be divided into a first pulley column 12-1 and a second pulley column 13-1, the pulley rail can be divided into a first pulley rail 12-2 and a second pulley rail 13-2, the upper pulley can be divided into a first upper pulley 12-3 and a second upper pulley 13-3, the lower pulley can be divided into a first lower pulley 12-4 and a second lower pulley 13-4, the side wall rail can be divided into a first side wall rail 12-5 and a second side wall rail 13-5, and the pulley fastening bolt can be divided into a first pulley fastening bolt 12-6 and a second pulley fastening bolt 13-6.

[0061] In a more preferred embodiment, the second actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator 10-1, a second force sensor 10-2 and a second actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the second servo actuator 10-1.

[0062] The third actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator 11-1, a third force sensor 11-2 and a third actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the third servo actuator 11-1.

[0063] The second actuator conversion head and the third actuator conversion head are both used to connect to the loading wire rope. In addition, corresponding to the second actuator conversion head and the third actuator conversion head, the loading wire rope is also provided with a fourth force sensor 10-4 and a fifth force sensor 11-4.

[0064] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a model test method for studying multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of a shared anchor 14, which is based on the model test apparatus as described in any one of the above items, and the model test method comprises:

[0065] (1) Place the model box 1 on the base 5 and fill it with the gravel cushion 3 and soil bed 4;

[0066] (2) placing the shared anchor 14 at the test point of the model box 1, moving the portal reaction frame and the first actuation penetration assembly so that the first actuation penetration assembly is aligned with the shared anchor 14, and statically penetrating the shared anchor 14 to the test depth by setting the loading speed, and collecting experimental data including force and displacement during the penetration process;

[0067] (3) After the shared anchor 14 completes the static pressure penetration, the first actuation penetration assembly is separated from the shared anchor 14, the height of the loading frame assembly is adjusted, and the shared anchor 14 is connected through the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively. The data including force and displacement during the recording process are recorded according to the set loading method and parameters;

[0068] (4) After the loading process is completed, the auxiliary loading components connected to the shared anchor 14 are removed, and the shared anchor 14 is pulled out after the test is completed.

[0069] In addition, during the above test process, the test should be stopped when the following situations occur: i) During the static loading test, the horizontal force or horizontal displacement changes abnormally; ii) The force value fed back by the force sensor is close to the full scale; iii) The movement of the actuator is close to the full scale; iv) During the dynamic loading process, the soil is obviously damaged, resulting in difficulty in force control.

[0070] The above embodiments may be implemented individually or in any combination of two or more.

[0071] The above implementation is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0072] Example 1:

[0073] In order to simulate the penetration, horizontal static and dynamic loading of the shared anchor 14 in the soil under different site conditions and loading conditions (including static and dynamic loading in horizontal and vertical directions and in multiple directions, force control and displacement control), and to accurately collect and analyze the necessary data, the present invention provides a model test device for studying the multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading of the shared anchor 14. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, including:

[0074] Base 5;

[0075] The model box 1 is placed on the base 5.

[0076] A portal reaction frame mounted on the base 5 and having a degree of freedom in the Y direction;

[0077] a first actuating penetration assembly movably disposed on the portal reaction frame and having degrees of freedom along the Z direction and the X direction, configured to statically press the shared anchor 14 into the test depth of the model box 1;

[0078] And a loading mechanism installed on the portal reaction frame, which includes a loading frame assembly having a degree of freedom along the Z direction, and a second actuation loading unit and a third actuation loading unit installed on the loading frame assembly, wherein the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit are configured to apply loads to the shared anchor 14 in two perpendicular planes.

[0079] The portal reaction frame includes a reaction frame column 6-1 disposed on the base 5 and movable back and forth in the Y direction, and a reaction frame fixed beam 6-8 connected to the reaction frame column 6-1. In addition, a column moving member 6-13, such as a column roller, can be disposed at the bottom of the reaction frame column 6-1 to enable back and forth movement along a specific direction on the base 5. A column locking mechanism 6-12 can also be disposed on the column moving member 6-13 to lock the freedom of movement of the column moving member 6-13, thereby locking the position after adjustment.

[0080] The first actuation penetration assembly includes a reaction frame moving beam 7-1 that is arranged on the gantry reaction frame and can be raised and lowered in the Z direction, a moving beam slider 7-6 that is arranged on the reaction frame moving beam 7-1 and can be moved back and forth in the X direction, and a first servo actuator 9-1 installed on the moving beam slider 7-6. The first servo actuator 9-1 is used to apply a loading load to the shared anchor 14 so that the shared anchor 14 is statically pressed into the model box 1. In order to limit the lifting and lowering stroke of the reaction frame moving beam 7-1, a corresponding moving beam lifting upper limit 6-9 and moving beam lifting lower limit 6-11 are also provided on the gantry reaction frame. At the same time, in order to limit the left and right moving stroke of the moving beam slider 7-6, a moving beam left limit 7-4 and a moving beam right limit 7-9 can also be further provided on the reaction frame moving beam 7-1.

[0081] The output end of the first servo actuator 9-1 is also sequentially connected to the first horizontal steering assembly 9-2, the first prestressed ring 9-3, the first force sensor 9-4, and the first conversion flange 9-5. Through the first conversion flange 9-5, it contacts or connects with the top of the shared anchor 14 to apply load. The first swivel flange is provided to facilitate connection with the shared anchor 14.

[0082] The side wall of the reaction frame column 6-1 is also provided with a movable beam lifting guide rail 6-10 along the Z direction and cooperating with the movable beam 7-1 of the reaction frame. The portal reaction frame is also provided with a first driving assembly for driving the movable beam 7-1 of the reaction frame to move along the movable beam lifting guide rail 6-10.

[0083] The reaction frame moving beam 7-1 is also provided with a moving beam slide rail 7-5 that slides with the moving beam slider 7-6 and moves along the X direction, and a second drive assembly for driving the moving beam slider 7-6 to move back and forth along the moving beam slide rail 7-5. In the present invention, the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly can adopt a matching screw transmission mechanism. Specifically, the first drive assembly can include a first drive motor 6-7, a moving beam lifting screw, a nut pair that matches the moving beam lifting screw and is connected to the reaction frame moving beam 7-1, etc.; the second drive assembly can include a second drive motor 7-3, a moving beam screw 7-8, a moving beam drive flange 7-7 that is threadedly matched with the moving beam screw 7-8 and fixedly connected to the moving beam slider 7-6, etc.

[0084] The loading frame assembly includes a first loading frame beam 8-1, mounted on the gantry reaction frame and capable of vertical movement in the Z direction, and a second loading frame beam, mounted on the first loading frame beam 8-1 and capable of reciprocating in the X direction. The first loading frame beam 8-1 is provided with a second actuating loading unit, and the second loading frame beam is provided with the third actuating loading unit. To limit the travel of the first loading frame beam 8-1, the gantry reaction frame is also provided with corresponding loading frame upper and lower limit stops 6-5 and 6-2.

[0085] The gantry reaction frame is further provided with a loading frame lifting rail 6-3 that slides along the Z direction and cooperates with the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1, and a third driving assembly for driving the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1 to move along the loading frame lifting rail 6-3;

[0086] A loading frame fixing plate 8-5 is mounted on the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1, extending along the X-axis. A second crossbeam slider 8-6 is mounted on the loading frame fixing plate 8-5, which is movable back and forth along the loading frame crossbeam. The second loading frame crossbeam is mounted on the second crossbeam slider 8-6. In the present invention, the third drive assembly can also utilize a screw drive mechanism. Specifically, it includes a loading frame lift drive motor 6-6, a loading frame lift screw 6-4, and a nut pair that threadably engages with the loading frame lift screw 6-4 and securely connects the first loading frame crossbeam 8-1.

[0087] The loading frame assembly also includes two groups of pulley units arranged corresponding to the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively. Each group of pulley units includes a pulley rail installed on the model box 1 along the Z direction, an upper pulley and a lower pulley arranged on the pulley rail and adjustable in height, and a loading wire rope. The loading wire rope passes around the upper pulley and the lower pulley, and one end is connected to the second actuation loading unit or the third actuation loading unit respectively, and the other end is connected to the shared anchor 14. Through the upper pulley and the lower slider with adjustable height, the inclination angle of the loading force applied to the shared anchor 14 can be easily adjusted, so that the loading requirements in different directions can be achieved. In addition, in order to better collect loading data, a fourth force sensor 10-4 and a fifth force sensor 11-4 are respectively provided on the loading wire rope corresponding to the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit. At the same time, the pulley rail can be installed on the pulley column, and the pulley column can be arranged on the side wall rail of a certain side surface of the model box 1 in an adjustable position, for example, fixed to the side wall rail by a pulley fastening bolt to set the position.

[0088] It should be pointed out that, according to the corresponding second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit, the pulley column can be divided into a first pulley column 12-1 and a second pulley column 13-1, the pulley rail can be divided into a first pulley rail 12-2 and a second pulley rail 13-2, the upper pulley can be divided into a first upper pulley 12-3 and a second upper pulley 13-3, the lower pulley can be divided into a first upper pulley 12-3 and a second upper pulley 13-3, the side wall rail can be divided into a first side wall rail 12-5 and a second side wall rail 13-5, and the pulley fastening bolt can be divided into a first pulley fastening bolt 12-6 and a second pulley fastening bolt 13-6.

[0089] The second actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator 10-1, a second force sensor 10-2 and a second actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the second servo actuator 10-1.

[0090] The third actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator 11-1, a third force sensor 11-2 and a third actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the third servo actuator 11-1.

[0091] The second actuator conversion head and the third actuator conversion head are both used to connect to the loading wire rope. In addition, corresponding to the second actuator conversion head and the third actuator conversion head, the loading wire rope is also provided with a fourth force sensor 10-4 and a fifth force sensor 11-4.

[0092] The device of this embodiment has a gravel cushion layer 3 laid at the bottom of the model box 1, which is used to evenly introduce water from the bottom during water saturation and prevent soil from being carried out during drainage; an inlet and outlet 2 is set on the outside of the box, which is used to obtain water-saturated soil samples and drain water after the experiment is completed.

[0093] After completing the gravel cushion layer 3, the soil bed 4 is prepared. This case uses the layered compaction method, which involves compacting the soil bed 4 in several layers. The compaction thickness of each layer is controlled by calculating the weight and moisture content of each layer. After multiple compactions, a uniform soil bed 4 is created. Before saturating the saturated sand bed 4 with water, the water inlet and outlet 2 must be opened. Once connected to a water source, saturation can occur.

[0094] In this embodiment, the shared anchor 1415 is made of 7075 aluminum alloy with an elastic modulus of 71.7 GPa. The outer diameter of the shared anchor 14 is 50 mm, the wall thickness is 2 mm, and the length is 800 mm. To avoid the influence of the boundary effect, when the shared anchor 14 is in the initial position on the surface of the test soil bed 4, in the loading direction, the distance between the center of the pile and the boundary of the box is not less than 250 mm (5D, D is the outer diameter of the shared anchor 14). The loading capacity of the first servo actuator 9-1 is 20 kN, the stroke is 300 mm, and the maximum linear speed is 100 mm / s. The loading capacity of the second servo actuator 10-1 and the third servo actuator 11-1 is 10 kN, the stroke is 300 mm, and the maximum linear speed is 100 mm / s. The first servo actuator 9-1, the second servo actuator 10-1, and the third servo actuator 11-1 all have high-precision displacement sensors with an accuracy of 0.001 mm. The servo actuator and force sensor are both connected to the intelligent control and data acquisition integrated system 15 (which can adopt a module commonly used in this field with the functions of data acquisition and controlling the operation of each operating component according to the set degree. The specific structure does not belong to the innovative protection point of the present invention and will not be repeated here). The system directly controls the loading of the actuator and the display and recording of real-time data during the loading process.

[0095] Installation method of the above model test device:

[0096] 1) After the model box 1 is placed on the base 5, a crushed stone cushion layer 3 and a soil bed 4 are prepared.

[0097] 2) Place the shared anchor 14 at the test point and align the shared anchor 14 using the portal reaction frame, the reaction frame moving beam 7-1, and the first servo actuator 9-1. Connect the first horizontal steering mechanism, the first force sensor 9-4, and the first conversion flange 9-5 to the lower portion of the first servo actuator 9-1.

[0098] 3) Starting the intelligent control and data acquisition integrated system 15, statically pressing the shared anchor 14 into the test depth by setting the loading speed, completing the penetration process, and collecting experimental data.

[0099] 4) After the shared anchor 14 is statically penetrated, the height of the first loading frame beam 8-1 is adjusted, and the second servo actuator 10-1 is sequentially connected to the second force sensor 10-2, the second conversion head 10-3, the fourth force sensor 10-4, and the shared anchor 14; or the third servo actuator 11-1 is sequentially connected to the third force sensor 11-2, the third conversion head 11-3, the fifth force sensor 11-4, and the shared anchor 14; or the second servo actuator 10-1 and the third servo actuator 11-1 simultaneously apply load to the shared anchor 14.

[0100] 5) Start the intelligent control and data acquisition integrated system15, set the loading method and parameters, and record data including force and displacement during the loading process. The test should be stopped if any of the following conditions occur: i) during static loading, abnormal changes in horizontal force or displacement occur; ii) the force value fed back by the force sensor approaches full scale; iii) the movement of the actuator approaches full scale; iv) during dynamic loading, significant soil damage occurs, making force control difficult.

[0101] 6) After the loading process is completed, the loading wire rope, the fourth force sensor 10-4, the fifth force sensor 11-4, etc. are disassembled, and the shared anchor 14 after the test is completed is slowly pulled out using the first servo actuator 9-1 and the wire rope.

[0102] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading, characterized in that: include: Base; A model box is placed on the base, A portal reaction frame mounted on the base and having a degree of freedom in the Y direction; a first actuating penetration assembly movably disposed on the portal reaction frame and having degrees of freedom in the Z direction and the X direction, and configured to statically press the shared anchor into the test depth of the model box; And a loading mechanism installed on the portal reaction frame, which includes a loading frame assembly with freedom along the Z direction, and a second actuation loading unit and a third actuation loading unit installed on the loading frame assembly, wherein the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit are configured to apply loads to the shared anchor in two perpendicular planes respectively.

2. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portal reaction frame comprises a reaction frame column which is arranged on the base and can move back and forth along the Y direction, and a reaction frame fixed beam which is connected to the reaction frame column.

3. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first actuation penetration component includes a reaction frame moving beam that is arranged on the gantry reaction frame and can be raised and lowered along the Z direction, a moving beam slider that is arranged on the reaction frame moving beam and can move back and forth along the X direction, and a first servo actuator installed on the moving beam slider. The first servo actuator is used to apply a loading load to the shared anchor so that the shared anchor is statically pressed into the model box.

4. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output end of the first servo actuator is also connected to the first horizontal steering assembly, the first prestressed ring, the first force sensor and the first conversion flange in sequence, and is in contact or connected with the top end of the shared anchor through the first conversion flange to achieve load loading.

5. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the reaction frame column is also provided with a movable beam lifting guide rail along the Z direction and cooperating with the movable beam of the reaction frame, and the portal reaction frame is also provided with a first driving component for driving the movable beam of the reaction frame to move along the movable beam lifting guide rail; The reaction frame moving beam is also provided with a moving beam slide rail which is slidably matched with the moving beam slider and along the X direction, and a second driving component used for driving the moving beam slider to move back and forth along the moving beam slide rail.

6. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading frame assembly includes a first loading frame crossbeam which is arranged on the portal reaction frame and can be lifted up and down in the Z direction, a second loading crossbeam which is arranged on the first loading frame crossbeam and can be moved back and forth in the X direction, a second actuating loading unit is arranged on the first loading frame crossbeam, and the third actuating loading unit is arranged on the second loading crossbeam.

7. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gantry reaction frame is also provided with a loading frame lifting slide rail along the Z direction and slidably matched with the first loading frame cross beam, and a third driving component for driving the first loading frame cross beam to move along the loading frame lifting slide rail; A loading frame fixing plate along the X direction is installed on the first loading frame crossbeam, a second crossbeam slider that can move back and forth along the loading frame fixing plate is installed on the loading frame fixing plate, and the second loading crossbeam is arranged on the second crossbeam slider.

8. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading frame assembly also includes two groups of pulley units arranged corresponding to the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit respectively, each group of pulley units includes a pulley rail installed on the model box along the Z direction, an upper pulley and a lower pulley arranged on the pulley rail and adjustable in height, and a loading wire rope, the loading wire rope passes around the upper pulley and the lower pulley, and one end of the loading wire rope is respectively connected to the second actuation loading unit or the third actuation loading unit, and the other end is connected to the shared anchor.

9. A model test device for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second actuation loading unit includes a second servo actuator, a second force sensor and a second actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the second servo actuator. The third actuation loading unit includes a third servo actuator, and a third force sensor and a third actuator conversion head which are sequentially connected to the third servo actuator. The second actuator conversion head and the third actuator conversion head are both used to connect the loading wire rope.

10. A model test method for studying shared anchor multi-degree-of-freedom intelligent control loading, based on the model test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The model test method comprises: (1) Place the model box on the base and fill it with gravel cushion and soil bed; (2) placing the shared anchor at the test point of the model box, moving the portal reaction frame and the first actuation penetration assembly so that the first actuation penetration assembly is aligned with the shared anchor, and statically penetrating the shared anchor into the test depth by setting the loading speed, and collecting experimental data including force and displacement during the penetration process; (3) After the shared anchor completes the static pressure penetration, the first actuation penetration assembly is disengaged from the shared anchor, the height of the loading frame assembly is adjusted, the shared anchor is connected through the second actuation loading unit and the third actuation loading unit, and the loading is recorded according to the set loading method and parameters, including the force and displacement data during the recording process; (4) After the loading process is completed, the auxiliary loading components connected to the shared anchor are removed, and the shared anchor is pulled out after the test is completed.

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