Explosion pressure vessel protection device and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to an explosion pressure vessel protection device and an operation method, the protection device comprises five layers of stacked rubber plates, the first layer of rubber plate, the second layer of rubber plate, the third layer of rubber plate and the third layer of rubber plate are filled with steel balls, the diameters of the steel balls are different, the steel balls are divided into large steel balls and small steel balls, the rubber plates of the fourth layer and the fifth layer are pure rubber layers; the protection device is adhered to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel through glue, and the pure rubber layer is in contact with and fixed to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel; the device is compact and reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, has the characteristics of gradient stiffness and gradient impedance through the design of the protection device and the combined design of the rubber plate and the steel ball, can effectively weaken wall surface reflected waves when a deep-water explosion test is implemented, can effectively carry out a large-dose deep-water explosion test, improves the test capability of a pressure vessel, and is suitable for popularization and application. Technical support can be provided for safely, systematically and deeply developing deepwater explosion test research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of experiment and test technology, in particular to an explosion pressure container protection device and an operation method. Background Art

[0002] The best way to study deepwater explosion tests is to conduct explosion tests in actual marine environments, but deepwater explosion tests have high requirements for sea conditions and other conditions, and the test is difficult to implement and the test cost is high. At present, the more economical and feasible method in current technology is to conduct explosion tests in a pressure vessel by pressurizing to simulate a deep water environment.

[0003] The typical problems in conducting explosion tests in explosion pressure vessels are: the pressure vessel is a closed space, and the explosion shock wave forms a reflection wave after reaching the wall. The reflection wave affects the movement characteristics of the explosion bubble and the damage characteristics of the target model, resulting in a certain difference between the test results in the pressure vessel and the actual deep-water environment test results. In addition, the existing explosion pressure vessel protection device is a porous structure, which will be compacted under high hydrostatic pressure and lose its function, and cannot provide technical support for safe, systematic and in-depth deep-water explosion test research. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings in the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides an explosion pressure vessel protection device and an operating method, so that when simulating a deep water explosion test in a pressure vessel, the wall reflection wave can be weakened, the pressure vessel testing capability can be improved, and technical support can be provided for conducting safe, systematic and in-depth deep water explosion test research.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A protective device for an explosion pressure vessel, comprising a protective device, wherein the protective device has a specific structure of: comprising five layers of stacked rubber sheets, wherein the rubber sheets of the first layer to the third layer are filled with steel balls, wherein the steel balls have different diameters, and are divided into large steel balls and small steel balls, and the rubber sheets of the fourth layer and the fifth layer are pure rubber layers; the protective device is adhered to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel by glue, and the pure rubber layer is in contact with and fixed to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel;

[0007] A sensor bracket is arranged inside the explosion pressure vessel, and two pressure sensors are suspended below the sensor bracket. The sensor bracket is connected to the top surface of the explosion pressure vessel through two suspension ropes, and the pressure sensor is connected to the pressure measuring wire. The pressure measuring wire passes through the watertight joint above the explosion pressure vessel and is connected to the measuring instrument, and the measuring instrument is connected to the measuring computer; a strain gauge is pasted on the outer surface of the explosion pressure vessel, and the strain gauge is connected to the measuring instrument through the strain measuring wire; explosive charges and electric detonators are arranged at the center of the explosion pressure vessel through detonating cables.

[0008] Its further technical solution is:

[0009] The rubber sheet is made of brominated butyl rubber.

[0010] The Shore hardness of the rubber sheet is 75HA.

[0011] The large steel ball and the small steel ball are both made of steel.

[0012] The large steel ball and the small steel ball are both arranged inside the rubber plate through secondary vulcanization.

[0013] Large steel balls are evenly distributed inside the rubber sheet of the first layer and the rubber sheet of the third layer, and small steel balls are evenly distributed inside the rubber sheet of the second layer.

[0014] The diameter of the large steel ball is 8 mm, and the diameter of the small steel ball is 5 mm.

[0015] An operating method of an explosion pressure vessel protection device comprises the following operating steps:

[0016] S1: Processing of protective devices;

[0017] The size of the protective device is 500mm×500mm×10mm. The first and third layers of rubber plates are filled with large steel balls with a center spacing of 12mm. The second layer of rubber is filled with small steel balls with a center spacing of 6mm. The fourth and fifth layers are pure rubber layers. Adjacent layers of rubber plates are bonded with glue, and the openings are staggered.

[0018] S2: Installation of protective devices;

[0019] Adhere multiple protective devices to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel using glue and tools;

[0020] S3: Deep water explosion test;

[0021] The measuring computer controls and starts the measuring instrument to confirm that the measuring system is normal;

[0022] Open the air inlet valve and pressurize the explosion pressure vessel through the air storage device to simulate the deep water environment. Stop pressurizing when the air pressure reaches the set value;

[0023] After confirming that everything is normal, the explosive is detonated and the pressure and strain data are collected and stored;

[0024] Open the pressure relief valve and perform the pressure relief procedure.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] The invention has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. Through the design of the protective device and the combined design of the rubber plate and the steel ball, it has the characteristics of gradient stiffness and gradient impedance. When implementing the deep-water explosion test, it can effectively weaken the wall reflection wave, can effectively carry out large-volume deep-water explosion tests, and improve the pressure vessel test capability. It can provide technical support for safe, systematic and in-depth deep-water explosion test research.

[0027] When the shock wave reaches the protective device, friction is generated between the rubber and the steel ball of the protective device, which can effectively weaken the incident wave, thereby weakening the reflected wave and reducing the impact of the reflected wave on the explosion environment.

[0028] The protective device has the characteristics of multiple stiffness gradients, and its overall stiffness is much greater than that of existing shallow water wave-absorbing structures. It can still ensure that it is not significantly compressed under deep water conditions and still has a good protective effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the protective device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is the installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the deep water explosion test of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of the free field pressure results of deep water explosion when the present invention has a protective device and when it does not.

[0033] Among them: 1. Protective device; 2. Rubber sheet; 3. Large steel ball; 4. Small steel ball; 5. Explosion pressure vessel; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Sensor bracket; 8. Pressure measuring wire; 9. Suspension rope; 10. Detonating cable; 11. Watertight joint; 12. Charge; 13. Electric detonator; 14. Strain gauge; 15. Strain measuring wire; 16. Measuring instrument; 17. Measuring computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the explosion pressure vessel protection device of this embodiment includes a protection device 1, and the specific structure of the protection device 1 is: it includes five layers of stacked rubber sheets 2, the rubber sheets 2 of the first layer to the third layer are filled with steel balls, the diameters of the steel balls are different, and the steel balls are divided into large steel balls 3 and small steel balls 4, and the rubber sheets 2 of the fourth layer and the fifth layer are pure rubber layers; the protection device 1 is glued to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5, and the pure rubber layer is in contact with and fixed to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5;

[0036] A sensor bracket 7 is arranged inside the explosion pressure vessel 5, and two pressure sensors 6 are suspended below the sensor bracket 7. The sensor bracket 7 is connected to the top surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5 through two suspension ropes 9. The pressure sensor 6 is connected to a pressure measuring wire 8. The pressure measuring wire 8 passes through a watertight joint 11 above the explosion pressure vessel 5 and is connected to a measuring instrument 16. The measuring instrument 16 is connected to a measuring computer 17. A strain gauge 14 is pasted on the outer surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5, and the strain gauge 14 is connected to the measuring instrument 16 through a strain measuring wire 15. Explosive charge 12 and electric detonator 13 are arranged at the center of the explosion pressure vessel 5 through a detonating cable 10.

[0037] The material of the rubber sheet 2 is brominated butyl rubber.

[0038] The Shore hardness of the rubber sheet 2 is 75 HA.

[0039] The material used for both the large steel ball 3 and the small steel ball 4 is steel.

[0040] The large steel ball 3 and the small steel ball 4 are both placed inside the rubber plate 2 through secondary vulcanization.

[0041] Large steel balls 3 are evenly spaced and arranged inside the rubber sheet 2 of the first layer and the rubber sheet 2 of the third layer, and small steel balls 4 are evenly spaced and arranged inside the rubber sheet 2 of the second layer.

[0042] The diameter of the large steel ball 3 is 8 mm, and the diameter of the small steel ball 4 is 5 mm.

[0043] The protective device 1 of the present invention is composed of a multi-layer rubber sheet 2 and steel balls of different diameters. The material of the rubber sheet 2 is brominated butyl rubber with a Shore hardness of 75HA, and the material of the steel ball is 45 steel. The first three layers of rubber sheets 2 are filled with steel balls of different diameters and arranged regularly, and the two rubber layers close to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5 are pure rubber. The steel balls are placed inside the rubber through secondary vulcanization, and the adjacent two layers of rubber sheets 2 are bonded with glue. Finally, the multi-layer protective device 1 is glued to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5, and the steel ball layer is not close to the inner surface.

[0044] When the internal pressure of the explosion pressure vessel 5 increases to a large water depth condition, the protection device 1 still has a protection effect under this pressure.

[0045] When the shock wave reaches the protective device 1, the steel balls and rubber of the protective device 1 have different impedances, and the propagation speeds of the shock wave inside the rubber are different. The steel ball array changes the propagation path of part of the shock wave. At the same time, the friction movement between the steel balls and the rubber converts the explosion energy into heat energy, which can effectively weaken the incident wave, thereby weakening the reflected wave and reducing the influence of the reflected wave on the movement of the explosion bubble inside the pressure vessel.

[0046] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0047] The protective device 1 is composed of a multi-layer rubber plate 2 and steel balls (a large steel ball 3 and a small steel ball 4). The first to third layers of rubber are filled with steel balls of different diameters and arranged at different intervals. The fourth and fifth layers are pure rubber layers. The multi-layer rubber with steel ball protective device 1 is glued to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel 1, and the rubber layer without steel balls is in contact with the inner surface.

[0048] When the hydrostatic pressure inside the explosion pressure vessel is high, due to the high rigidity of the steel ball, the rubber and the steel ball are squeezed and deformed, but the protective device 1 will not be completely compacted. When the shock wave reaches the protective device 1, the steel ball and the rubber of the protective device 1 have different impedances, and the propagation speed of the shock wave inside the rubber is different. The steel ball array changes the propagation path of part of the shock wave. At the same time, the friction movement between the steel ball and the rubber converts the explosion energy into heat energy, which can effectively weaken the incident wave, thereby weakening the reflected wave and reducing the influence of the reflected wave on the movement of the explosion bubble in the pressure vessel.

[0049] The protective device 1 has the characteristics of multiple stiffness gradients, and its overall stiffness is much greater than that of existing shallow water wave absorbing structures. It can still ensure that the openings are not significantly compressed under deep water conditions and still has a good protective effect.

[0050] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0051] The first step: processing of the protective device 1.

[0052] The protective device 1 is composed of a multi-layer rubber plate 2. The material of the rubber plate 2 is brominated butyl rubber, the Shore hardness is 75HA, and the size is 500mm×500mm×10mm.

[0053] The first and third rubber sheets 2 are filled with large steel balls 3 with a diameter of 8 mm, with a center spacing of 12 mm. The second rubber sheet is filled with small steel balls 4 with a diameter of 5 mm, with a center spacing of 6 mm. The fourth and fifth layers are pure rubber layers. Adjacent rubber sheets 2 are bonded with glue, and the openings are arranged staggered.

[0054] Step 2: Installation of protective device.

[0055] After the protective device 1 is processed, multiple protective devices 1 are adhered to the inner surface of the explosion pressure container 5 using glue and special tools.

[0056] Step 3: Deep water explosion test.

[0057] a. Hang two pressure sensors 6 below the sensor bracket 7, with the distances from the center of the explosion pressure vessel 5 being 1.5m and 3m respectively. The sensor bracket 7 is connected to the explosion pressure vessel 5 through two suspension ropes 9. The pressure measuring wire 8 passes through the watertight joint 11 above the explosion pressure vessel 5 and is connected to the measuring instrument 16. The measuring instrument 16 is connected to the measuring computer 17.

[0058] b. A strain gauge 14 is pasted at a typical position on the outer surface of the explosion pressure vessel 5, and a strain measurement wire 15 is connected to a measuring instrument 16;

[0059] c. Install an electric detonator 13 on the 250g TNT charge 12, connect the electric detonator 13 to the detonating cable 10, and hang the charge 12 at the center of the explosion pressure vessel 5 through the detonating cable 10;

[0060] d. The measuring computer 17 controls and starts the measuring instrument 16 to confirm that the measuring system is normal;

[0061] e. Open the air inlet valve and pressurize the explosion pressure vessel 5 through the air storage device to simulate the deep water environment. When the air pressure reaches the set value, stop pressurizing;

[0062] f. After confirming that it is normal, detonate the charge 12 and complete the data collection and storage of pressure and strain;

[0063] gOpen the pressure relief valve and carry out the pressure relief procedure.

[0064] Figure 4 The free field pressure comparison results of 1kg TNT explosion at 3m under the set hydrostatic pressure condition with and without protective device 1 are as follows: the direct shock wave is 15.7MPa, the reflected wave is 14.1MPa without protective device, and the reflection coefficient is 0.9; with protective device 1, the reflected wave is 11.3MPa, and the reflection coefficient is 0.7, which is a 22% reduction in reflection coefficient. The results show that protective device 1 can effectively reduce the reflected wave under deep water explosion conditions.

[0065] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion pressure vessel protection device, characterized in that: The protective device (1) comprises five layers of stacked rubber sheets (2), wherein the first to third layers of rubber sheets (2) are filled with steel balls, the steel balls have different diameters, and are divided into large steel balls (3) and small steel balls (4), and the fourth and fifth layers of rubber sheets (2) are pure rubber layers; the protective device (1) is glued to the inner surface of an explosion pressure vessel (5), and the pure rubber layer is in contact with and fixed to the inner surface of the explosion pressure vessel (5); A sensor bracket (7) is arranged inside the explosion pressure vessel (5), two pressure sensors (6) are suspended below the sensor bracket (7), the sensor bracket (7) is connected to the top surface of the explosion pressure vessel (5) through two suspension ropes (9), the pressure sensor (6) is connected to a pressure measuring wire (8), the pressure measuring wire (8) passes through a watertight joint (11) above the explosion pressure vessel (5) and is connected to a measuring instrument (16), and the measuring instrument (16) is connected to a measuring computer (17); a strain gauge (14) is pasted on the outer surface of the explosion pressure vessel (5), and the strain gauge (14) is connected to the measuring instrument (16) through a strain measuring wire (15); a charge (12) and an electric detonator (13) are arranged at the center of the explosion pressure vessel (5) through a detonating cable (10).

2. An explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the rubber sheet (2) is brominated butyl rubber.

3. The explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Shore hardness of the rubber sheet (2) is 75HA.

4. The explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large steel ball (3) and the small steel ball (4) are both made of steel.

5. The explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large steel ball (3) and the small steel ball (4) are both placed inside the rubber plate (2) through secondary vulcanization.

6. The explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Large steel balls (3) are evenly spaced and arranged inside the rubber sheet (2) of the first layer and the rubber sheet (2) of the third layer, and small steel balls (4) are evenly spaced and arranged inside the rubber sheet (2) of the second layer.

7. An explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the large steel ball (3) is 8 mm, and the diameter of the small steel ball (4) is 5 mm.

8. An operating method of the explosion pressure vessel protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S1: Processing of protective device (1); The size of the protective device (1) is 500mm×500mm×10mm. The first and third layers of rubber sheets (2) are filled with large steel balls (3), and the center spacing of the large steel balls (3) is 12mm. The second layer of rubber is filled with small steel balls (4), and the center spacing of the small steel balls (4) is 6mm. The fourth and fifth layers are pure rubber layers. Adjacent layers of rubber sheets (2) are bonded with glue, and the openings are arranged staggered. S2: Installation of protective device (1); Adhere a plurality of protective devices (1) to the inner surface of the explosion pressure container (5) using glue and tools; S3: Deep water explosion test; The measuring computer (17) controls the start-up of the measuring instrument (16) to confirm that the measuring system is normal; Open the air inlet valve and pressurize the explosion pressure container (5) through the air storage device to simulate the deep water environment, and stop pressurizing when the air pressure reaches the set value; After confirming that it is normal, the explosive charge is detonated (12), and the pressure and strain data are collected and stored; Open the pressure relief valve and perform the pressure relief procedure.

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