Safety monitoring system, method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring, and provides a safety monitoring system, method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the system comprises a monitoring management layer, a network communication layer, a data collection layer and a sensor layer. The sensor layer comprises a near-field monitoring device and a vibrating wire sensor arranged in a monitored object; the near-field monitoring device comprises a near-field monitoring center and a near-field vibration sensor arranged in a monitored object; the sensor layer is used for acquiring and sending vibration information of a monitored object to the data acquisition layer by using a near-field monitoring device; receiving a high-frequency dynamic acquisition starting instruction sent by the data acquisition layer, starting a vibrating wire sensor according to the high-frequency dynamic acquisition starting instruction, and acquiring and sending natural vibration frequency information to the data acquisition layer by using the vibrating wire sensor; and the data acquisition layer is used for establishing communication with equipment of the monitoring management layer through the network communication layer and sending the natural vibration frequency information to the monitoring management layer. And the vibrating wire sensor can be triggered for monitoring, so that the whole-process acquisition of earthquake event dam body response is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of security monitoring, and in particular, relates to a security monitoring system, method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Most of China's high arch dams are located in the high seismic intensity areas of the southwest region, and the dam safety issues caused by earthquakes are particularly prominent. At the same time, floods caused by earthquakes are also a serious secondary disaster. Under the action of earthquakes, the dam will produce dynamic strains far higher than those under flood discharge conditions. At present, in the practice of high arch dam safety monitoring projects, conventional dam automation monitoring systems and strong vibration monitoring systems that operate independently are generally used to monitor the safety of hydraulic structures. The dam strong earthquake safety monitoring system is mainly used to record the acceleration of the dam body vibration when an earthquake occurs. The dam strong earthquake safety monitoring system is basically blank for dynamic monitoring of deformation, stress and strain that characterize the structural state.

[0003] The patent with publication number CN113155186A discloses a dam safety monitoring and management device and its system, which monitors the deformation, surface joints and cracks of the dam body, the displacement data of the rock mass near the dam area, the high slope and the landslide body, the uplift pressure, seepage volume and seepage data around the dam, the stress, strain and temperature data in the dam in real time through the dam safety monitoring and management device, and uses environmental monitoring equipment to monitor the water level, air temperature, water temperature and rainfall data in the dam area, and uses water level monitoring equipment to monitor the water level data of the reservoir station, and uploads the monitoring data to the dispatching center for storage, and uses the superior unit communication module to transmit the monitoring information to the superior department and the water information platform in real time, and the alarm module sends different levels of alarm information according to the limit set by each measuring point, so that engineers or operators can obtain dam situation information in time, and then repair the dam in time, improve the safety of the dam and avoid accidents. It discloses that different sensors are used for different monitoring contents, and also discloses that a warning model is established by machine learning to establish warning standards according to different sensor data.

[0004] However, this patent has the problem of being unable to provide early warning when an earthquake occurs and unable to trigger high-frequency dynamic monitoring of monitoring equipment inside the dam. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a safety monitoring system, method, device, electronic device and storage medium. By utilizing vibration sensors and vibrating string sensors arranged in the monitored object, when an earthquake event occurs, the vibration sensor can be used to trigger the vibrating string sensor in the monitored object in advance to start high-frequency dynamic monitoring, thereby realizing the full process of collecting the full response of the monitored object to the earthquake event.

[0006] On the one hand, the present disclosure proposes a security monitoring system, wherein the system adopts a distributed network structure, including: a monitoring management layer, a network communication layer, a data acquisition layer, and a sensor layer;

[0007] The monitoring management layer includes a data server and a workstation; the monitoring management layer is used to receive and manage monitoring data, analyze the structural safety of the monitored object using the monitoring data, and issue monitoring warning information based on the analysis results;

[0008] The network communication layer includes a switch and an optical fiber transceiver; the network communication layer is used to transmit monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes: vibration information and natural frequency information of the monitored object;

[0009] The sensor layer includes a near-field monitoring device and a vibrating string sensor arranged in the monitored object; the near-field monitoring device includes a near-field monitoring center and a near-field vibration sensor arranged in the monitored object; the sensor layer is used to collect and send vibration information of the monitored object to the data acquisition layer using the near-field monitoring device; receive and start the vibrating string sensor according to the start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction sent by the data acquisition layer, and use the vibrating string sensor to collect and send self-vibration frequency information to the data acquisition layer, wherein the high frequency is a frequency greater than or equal to 50 Hz;

[0010] The data acquisition layer includes a dynamic data acquisition device; the data acquisition layer is used to receive vibration information of the monitored object sent by the near-field monitoring device in the sensor layer; when it is determined that an earthquake trigger exists based on the vibration information of the monitored object, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor of the sensor layer, the natural frequency information sent by the vibrating string sensor is received, communication is established with the equipment of the monitoring management layer through the network communication layer, and the natural frequency information is sent to the monitoring management layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring data also includes far-field vibration information; the sensor layer also includes a far-field monitoring device;

[0012] The remote field monitoring device comprises a remote field vibration sensor and a seismic information processing unit. The remote field vibration sensor is arranged with the monitoring object as the center, and the installation angle and the distance relative to the monitoring object are set in a circumferential direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensor layer is also used to monitor far-field vibration information using a far-field monitoring device and send it to the data acquisition layer;

[0014] The data acquisition layer is also used to receive far-field vibration information sent by the far-field monitoring device of the sensor layer, and when it is determined that there is an earthquake trigger based on the far-field vibration information, send a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction to the vibrating string sensor of the sensor layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the vibration information of the monitored object and the far-field vibration information are specifically vibration time-history signals, there are multiple vibrating string sensors, and some of the vibrating string sensors are arranged at key positions of the monitored object;

[0016] The far-field monitoring device and the near-field monitoring device are specifically used to continuously collect vibration time history signals at a specified frequency and send them to the dynamic data acquisition device;

[0017] The dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to receive and analyze vibration time-history signals. When it is determined that an earthquake trigger exists based on the analysis of the vibration time-history signals, the earthquake trigger message is sent to the near-field monitoring center; when it is determined that the earthquake trigger message comes from the near-field vibration sensor, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor arranged at the key position, and the vibrating string sensor at the key position is instructed to perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition of natural frequency information for a preset acquisition time.

[0018] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to determine whether an earthquake trigger message sent by a far-field monitoring device or a near-field monitoring device is received within a set time period after sending a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to the vibrating string sensors arranged at key locations. If so, a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction is sent to all vibrating string sensors; if not, a stop high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensors arranged at key locations.

[0019] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to send a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction to all vibrating string sensors when it is determined that the earthquake trigger message does not come from the near-field vibration sensor, and instruct all vibrating string sensors to perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition of natural frequency information for a preset acquisition time.

[0020] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to send a stop high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to all vibrating string sensors after sending a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to all vibrating string sensors, when a short-time window is set to analyze in real time that the near-field vibration sensor does not meet the earthquake triggering condition.

[0021] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is also used to cancel the swept frequency excitation used in the static measurement of the vibrating string sensor when an earthquake is triggered, and instead adopt the same frequency and same phase excitation technology to compress the measurement period and improve the sampling rate.

[0022] Further, the far-field vibration sensor includes an acceleration sensor; when the topographic geological conditions include bedrock, the acceleration sensor is arranged on the bedrock; the sensor layer has multiple groups of far-field monitoring devices; each group of far-field monitoring devices includes J acceleration sensors with adjacent set spacing, and J is greater than or equal to 2;

[0023] The near-field vibration sensor includes H acceleration sensors, where H is greater than or equal to 2.

[0024] The present disclosure also provides a safety monitoring method, which is based on the above safety monitoring system and includes:

[0025] Construct a dynamic monitoring online simulation model of the monitored object to obtain the mapping relationship between the mechanical parameters of the monitored object and the first p-order modal results, where p is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5;

[0026] Performing runtime modal analysis on the mapping relationship using the acquired natural frequency information to identify the first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object, where q is less than or equal to p;

[0027] Based on the identified first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object and the proxy model, the mechanical parameters of the monitored object are inverted and analyzed to obtain the mechanical parameters of the monitored object under the current operating state;

[0028] The mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the engineering design data or historical data are compared with the mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the current operating state to obtain the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object. When the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object is greater than the set change threshold, a monitoring warning information is issued.

[0029] The present disclosure also provides a safety monitoring device, which is based on any of the above systems and includes: a construction unit, a runtime modal analysis unit, an inversion analysis unit, and a monitoring and early warning unit;

[0030] A construction unit is used to construct an online simulation model for dynamic monitoring of the monitored object, and obtain a mapping relationship between the mechanical parameters of the monitored object and the first p-order modal results, where p is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5;

[0031] A runtime modal analysis unit, used to perform runtime modal analysis on the mapping relationship using the acquired natural frequency information, and identify the first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object, where q is less than or equal to p;

[0032] An inversion analysis unit, used to perform inversion analysis on the mechanical parameters of the monitored object based on the identified first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object and the proxy model, and obtain the mechanical parameters of the monitored object under the current operating state;

[0033] The monitoring and early warning unit is used to compare the mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the engineering design data or historical data with the mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the current operating state to obtain the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object. When the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object is greater than the set change threshold, a monitoring and early warning information is issued.

[0034] The present disclosure also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0035] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0036] The processor is used to implement the above method steps when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0037] The present disclosure also provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method steps are implemented.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] (1) By using vibration sensors + vibrating string sensors, dynamic monitoring of the vibrating string sensors in the monitored object can be triggered in advance when an earthquake event occurs, so as to collect the entire response process of the monitored object of the earthquake event.

[0040] (2) The near-field + far-field configuration of the vibration sensor is used to effectively improve the time margin and prediction accuracy of earthquake warning for the monitored object.

[0041] (3) Dynamic monitoring of the vibrating string sensors buried during the construction period is achieved by using the same frequency and same phase excitation of the dynamic data acquisition device and the combined dynamic and static monitoring technology. The dynamic monitoring frequency here is greater than or equal to 50 Hz.

[0042] (4) Combine runtime modal analysis and proxy models to achieve real-time inversion analysis of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object, and use modal parameters to timely discover and warn of potential operational hazards of the monitored object.

[0043] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present disclosure. The purpose and other advantages of the present disclosure can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dam monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a dam site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of remote field seismic monitoring measurement points according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0048] Figure 4 A flow chart of dynamic monitoring of dam safety according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0050] The present disclosure proposes a security monitoring system, which adopts a distributed network structure, including: a monitoring management layer, a network communication layer, a data acquisition layer and a sensor layer;

[0051] The monitoring management layer includes a data server and a workstation; the monitoring management layer is used to receive and manage monitoring data, analyze the structural safety of the monitored object using the monitoring data, and issue monitoring warning information based on the analysis results;

[0052] The network communication layer includes a switch and an optical fiber transceiver; the network communication layer is used to transmit monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes: vibration information and natural frequency information of the monitored object;

[0053] The sensor layer includes a near-field monitoring device and a vibrating string sensor arranged in the monitored object; the near-field monitoring device includes a near-field monitoring center and a near-field vibration sensor arranged in the monitored object; the sensor layer is used to collect and send vibration information of the monitored object to the data acquisition layer using the near-field monitoring device; receive and start the vibrating string sensor according to the start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction sent by the data acquisition layer, and use the vibrating string sensor to collect and send self-vibration frequency information to the data acquisition layer, wherein the high frequency is a frequency greater than or equal to 50 Hz;

[0054] The data acquisition layer includes a dynamic data acquisition device; the data acquisition layer is used to receive vibration information of the monitored object sent by the near-field monitoring device in the sensor layer; when it is determined that an earthquake trigger exists based on the vibration information of the monitored object, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor of the sensor layer, the natural frequency information sent by the vibrating string sensor is received, communication is established with the equipment of the monitoring management layer through the network communication layer, and the natural frequency information is sent to the monitoring management layer.

[0055] Furthermore, the monitoring data also includes far-field vibration information; the sensor layer also includes a far-field monitoring device;

[0056] The remote field monitoring device comprises a remote field vibration sensor and a seismic information processing unit. The remote field vibration sensor is arranged with the monitoring object as the center, and the installation angle and the distance relative to the monitoring object are set in a circumferential direction.

[0057] Furthermore, the sensor layer is also used to monitor far-field vibration information using a far-field monitoring device and send it to the data acquisition layer;

[0058] The data acquisition layer is also used to receive far-field vibration information sent by the far-field monitoring device of the sensor layer, and when it is determined that there is an earthquake trigger based on the far-field vibration information, send a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction to the vibrating string sensor of the sensor layer.

[0059] Furthermore, the vibration information of the monitored object and the far-field vibration information are specifically vibration time-history signals, there are multiple vibrating string sensors, and some of the vibrating string sensors are arranged at key positions of the monitored object;

[0060] The far-field monitoring device and the near-field monitoring device are specifically used to continuously collect vibration time history signals at a specified frequency and send them to the dynamic data acquisition device;

[0061] The dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to receive and analyze vibration time-history signals. When it is determined that an earthquake trigger exists based on the analysis of the vibration time-history signals, the earthquake trigger message is sent to the near-field monitoring center; when it is determined that the earthquake trigger message comes from the near-field vibration sensor, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor arranged at the key position, and the vibrating string sensor at the key position is instructed to perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition of natural frequency information for a preset acquisition time.

[0062] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to determine whether an earthquake trigger message sent by a far-field monitoring device or a near-field monitoring device is received within a set time period after sending a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to the vibrating string sensors arranged at key locations. If so, a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction is sent to all vibrating string sensors; if not, a stop high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensors arranged at key locations.

[0063] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to send a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction to all vibrating string sensors when it is determined that the earthquake trigger message does not come from the near-field vibration sensor, and instruct all vibrating string sensors to perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition of natural frequency information for a preset acquisition time.

[0064] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to send a stop high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to all vibrating string sensors after sending a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to all vibrating string sensors, when a short-time window is set to analyze in real time that the near-field vibration sensor does not meet the earthquake triggering condition.

[0065] Furthermore, the dynamic data acquisition device is also used to cancel the swept frequency excitation used in the static measurement of the vibrating string sensor when an earthquake is triggered, and instead adopt the same frequency and same phase excitation technology to compress the measurement period and improve the sampling rate.

[0066] Further, the far-field vibration sensor includes an acceleration sensor; when the topographic geological conditions include bedrock, the acceleration sensor is arranged on the bedrock; the sensor layer has multiple groups of far-field monitoring devices; each group of far-field monitoring devices includes J acceleration sensors with adjacent set spacing, and J is greater than or equal to 2;

[0067] The near-field vibration sensor includes H acceleration sensors, where H is greater than or equal to 2.

[0068] The monitoring object in the present disclosure may be a dam, or may be a geology or a building, which is not limited here. The following takes the monitoring object as an example to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure of the present invention adopts a distributed network structure, including a monitoring management layer 11, a network communication layer, a data acquisition layer 12 and a sensor layer 13.

[0070] The monitoring management layer includes data servers 111 and workstations 112 and other equipment, and is equipped with dam structure safety dynamic monitoring data management and analysis software. The network communication layer includes switches and optical fiber transceivers; the data acquisition layer includes dynamic data acquisition devices 121.

[0071] A communication network with a bus or star topology is used between the monitoring management layer 11 and the data acquisition layer 12. The monitoring data transmission generally adopts a combination of "wired communication + wireless communication", in which the wired method is used as the main channel, optical fiber Ethernet communication is used, and the wireless method is used as a backup channel, giving full play to the advantages of each network structure.

[0072] The sensor layer 13 includes a near-field monitoring device and a vibrating-wire sensor arranged in the dam body; the near-field monitoring device 131 includes a near-field monitoring center and a near-field vibration sensor arranged in the dam body.

[0073] The monitoring management layer 11 is used to receive and manage monitoring data, analyze the dam structure safety using the monitoring data, and issue monitoring warning information based on the analysis results;

[0074] The network communication layer is used to transmit monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes: dam body vibration information and natural frequency information;

[0075] The sensor layer 13 includes a near-field monitoring device and a vibrating string sensor arranged in the dam body; the near-field monitoring device includes a near-field monitoring center and a near-field vibration sensor arranged in the dam body; the sensor layer 13 is used to use the near-field monitoring device to collect and send the dam body vibration information to the data acquisition layer; receive and start the vibrating string sensor according to the high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction sent by the data acquisition layer, and use the vibrating string sensor to collect and send the natural frequency information to the data acquisition layer.

[0076] The data acquisition layer 12 is used to receive the dam body vibration information sent by the near-field monitoring device in the sensor layer; when it is determined that there is an earthquake trigger based on the dam body vibration information, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor in the sensor layer, the natural frequency information sent by the vibrating string sensor is received, and communication is established with the equipment of the monitoring management layer through the network communication layer, and the natural frequency information is sent to the monitoring management layer.

[0077] The vibrating-string sensors include crack gauges, strain gauges, steel bar stress gauges, etc., which are used to dynamically monitor the dynamic mechanical response characteristics of the dam concrete. During the construction of the dam, a large number of traditional safety monitoring sensors were buried inside the dam to statically monitor its structural morphology. After completion, it is generally impossible to bury new dedicated monitoring sensors in the dam body. Vibrating-string sensors are one of the most widely used monitoring sensors in the field of dam safety monitoring. If you want to continue to dynamically monitor the structural morphology of the dam in real time during earthquake conditions, the ideal way is to continue to make full use of these traditional buried vibrating-string sensors. Schematic diagram of the dam section is shown below. Figure 2 shown.

[0078] Considering that the dam structure will produce certain vibrations under earthquake conditions, resulting in rapid changes in the opening and closing of the transverse joints between the dam sections, and due to the whip effect, the deformation of the middle and high elevation joints of the arch crown beam dam section may be relatively large. Figure 2 For the dam in the middle, 10 transverse joint meters at different altitudes of 600-650m near the 15# dam section were selected for dynamic monitoring.

[0079] In order to capture the dynamic mechanical response characteristics of concrete in the strong restraint area of ​​the dam under seismic conditions, Figure 2 For the dam, eight groups of five-way strain gauges at elevations of 350m to 410m in sections 8#, 9#, 20# and 21# were selected to be connected to the dynamic monitoring system.

[0080] Since the stress at the dam orifice is generally concentrated, and the load changes are complex during gate operation and earthquakes, in order to understand the stress changes of concrete reinforcement at the dam orifice under earthquake conditions. Figure 2 For the dam in the experiment, 220 steel bar stress gauges near each orifice were selected and connected to the dynamic monitoring system.

[0081] The vibration sensor includes an acceleration sensor, etc., which is responsible for vibration sensing and is used to trigger dynamic monitoring of the vibrating string sensor.

[0082] In order to ensure that the vibrating wire sensor can be effectively triggered for dynamic monitoring when an earthquake occurs, the whip effect at the crown beam is considered. Figure 2 Two acceleration sensors are installed in the dam within the range of 11#~18# dam section at an elevation of 600~650m.

[0083] In addition, in order to capture the vibration response of the dam body at the initial moment of the earthquake and realize the dynamic monitoring of the dam body during the entire earthquake process, preferably, the sensor layer 13 also includes a far-field monitoring device 133; the far-field monitoring device includes a far-field vibration sensor and a seismic information processing unit, and the far-field vibration sensor is arranged at a set angle and a set distance position in the circumferential direction with the dam as the center; the far-field monitoring device 133 can be multiple groups, and the far-field vibration sensor includes an acceleration sensor. Each group of far-field monitoring devices can choose to arrange 2 to 3 acceleration sensors at intervals (such as a spacing of 500m, depending on the specific site conditions) to avoid false triggering. When arranging the acceleration sensor, the topographic and geological conditions should be considered, and it is best to choose to arrange it on the bedrock. The seismic information processing unit here collects and processes seismic wave information, and comprehensively judges the P wave event by calculating whether the ratio of the sliding short-term window mean (STA, Short Term Average) and the sliding long-term window mean (LTA, Long Term Average) of the vibration time history information of the acceleration sensor of the far-field monitoring device in three directions exceeds the threshold.

[0084] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, the upstream far-field monitoring points U1 and U2 are selected on both sides of the upstream reservoir area, the downstream points D1 and D2 are selected on both sides of the downstream river bank, the two side points W and E are selected along the cross-river direction, and M1~M4 are selected as supplementary points between the upstream and downstream points and the two side points. The distance between each point and the center of the dam is R (the distance between each point does not have to be equal). Considering the blind area of ​​earthquake early warning, R should not be less than 15km, and it is recommended to select within 15~30km.

[0085] The dam safety monitoring method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0086] S1. Constructing an online simulation model for dam dynamic monitoring

[0087] Several groups of finite element simulation models are established based on engineering survey data and design data. The dam is divided into three different parts according to the different concrete grades during the construction period. The mechanical parameters of the dam are shown in Table 1. Among them, the elastic modulus of the three partitions of the dam body is assumed to be the parameter to be inverted, and its value range is roughly determined based on engineering experience. The specific parameters of the several groups of finite element simulation models can be determined by experimental design methods, such as Latin hypercube sampling.

[0088] Table 1 Dam mechanical parameters

[0089]

[0090] Finite element transient dynamic analysis is performed on the above several groups of finite element simulation models to obtain the dynamic response of the arch dam under earthquake, and then the acceleration time history signal of the monitoring point is obtained. The p-order low-order mode in front of the dam (p is 3-5) is obtained based on the modal analysis method. The dam mechanical parameters and low-order modal results of the above several groups of finite element simulation models are used as sample data and stored in the dynamic monitoring online database. Based on the sample data in the database, the mapping relationship between the dam mechanical parameters and the low-order modal results is constructed using proxy models (Kriging model, RBF model, RSA model, etc.).

[0091] S2. Triggering mechanism of vibrating-wire sensor combined with near-field and far-field monitoring of dams

[0092] Combined with the dam near-field and far-field vibration sensors, earthquake event detection includes S201 data acquisition, S202 vibration time history signal analysis, and S203 earthquake event confirmation.

[0093] S201. Data Collection

[0094] The near-field and far-field vibration sensors are started to continuously collect data at a specified sampling frequency (eg, 200 Hz).

[0095] S202. Vibration time history signal analysis

[0096] (1) Near-field vibration sensor

[0097] According to the site conditions, two acceleration sensors were deployed in the dam section 11#~18# at an elevation of 600~650m to sense the vibration state. The trigger method is to use amplitude triggering, and the trigger is started according to the acceleration of 0.1g. Through the coordinated detection of the two sensors, the vibration acceleration amplitude of both sensors reaches 0.98m / s 2 It is considered that an earthquake event occurs at this time to reduce false triggering.

[0098] (2) Far-field vibration sensor

[0099] The vibration state is sensed by using a far-field monitoring device arranged in a circular direction, and the trigger mode can be selected as the P-wave phase picking method. The P-wave phase picking method adopted can be the long-short time average (STA / LTA) method, the AIC criterion method, etc. Taking the long-short time window ratio method (STA / LTA) as an example, the P-wave event is comprehensively judged by calculating whether the ratio of the sliding short-time window average (STA) and the sliding long-time window average (LTA) of the vibration time history information of the acceleration sensor of the far-field monitoring device in three directions exceeds the threshold.

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, S(n) is the vibration time history signal data in any X / Y / Z direction; n is i-N+1; N and M are the number of sampling points of the short-term window and the long-term window, respectively, and the sampling data of 2 seconds and 60 seconds can be taken respectively; i is the sampling sequence number; R is the ratio of the long and short time windows, and the threshold can be 5 (determined in combination with field data). When R exceeds the threshold, it is determined to be an earthquake event.

[0102] S203. Vibrating Wire Sensor Trigger

[0103] (1) Earthquake trigger information comes from remote field monitoring devices

[0104] Start the vibrating string sensors at key locations and perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition for the preset acquisition time Tset. Check whether the earthquake trigger message sent by the nearby far-field monitoring device or near-field acceleration sensor is received within the Δt time; if received, start the vibrating string sensors of the entire dam body and perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition for the preset acquisition time Tset. If not received, it is a non-seismic event or the earthquake has ended, and the high-frequency dynamic acquisition of the vibrating string sensor is stopped.

[0105] (2) Earthquake trigger information comes from near-field acceleration sensors

[0106] Start the vibrating string sensor of the whole dam body and perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition with the preset acquisition time Tset. Set a short-time window to analyze the near-field acceleration sensor in real time to determine whether the vibration time history signal meets the trigger condition; if it does, continue the high-frequency dynamic acquisition. If it does not meet the condition, it is considered that it is a non-seismic event or the earthquake has ended, and stop the high-frequency dynamic acquisition of the vibrating string sensor.

[0107] The present disclosure controls the high-frequency dynamic acquisition duration of the vibrating-string sensor, which can effectively extend the service life of the vibrating-string sensor.

[0108] The above detailed process is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the above process is dynamic data acquisition, which is a process of analyzing near-field vibration sensors and far-field sensors.

[0109] S204. Dynamic monitoring system self-test

[0110] When the source of the seismic signal is determined to be that the near-field acceleration sensor is activated first, if some far-field monitoring devices are not activated, check the operation status of the corresponding far-field monitoring devices; when the source of the seismic signal is determined to be that the far-field monitoring device is activated first, first check the activation status of the adjacent devices of the far-field monitoring point that was activated first, then check the activation status of other far-field monitoring points, and finally check the activation status of the near-field acceleration sensor.

[0111] S3. Dynamic acquisition of vibrating string sensor

[0112] S301. Dynamic monitoring technology

[0113] When an earthquake event is detected, the dynamic data acquisition device triggers the vibrating wire sensor in the dam body to perform dynamic monitoring at a specified frequency (50 Hz or higher).

[0114] In order to obtain a higher sampling rate when performing dynamic measurements, the dynamic data acquisition device cancels the frequency sweeping excitation commonly used in static measurements of vibrating-wire sensors and instead uses the same-frequency and same-phase excitation technology to compress the measurement period.

[0115] The output of the excitation signal is realized by DAC, which can realize the output of sinusoidal wave signal of any frequency at any starting position, meeting the technical requirements of same-frequency and same-phase excitation.

[0116] The same frequency and same phase excitation technology, that is, using a single pulse wave close to the resonance frequency (measured by the spectrum method) to maintain the resonance state of the steel string, the key lies in the phase control of the excitation wave and the timing of the excitation. If the frequency or phase of the excitation is inconsistent with the movement of the steel string, the resonance will be weakened.

[0117] The concept of co-frequency means that the excitation frequency is near the resonant frequency and close enough. Since the resonant frequency of the sensor changes with the change of the measured physical quantity, the frequency used for co-frequency excitation is the most recent resonant frequency measurement value during the dynamic measurement process. Between adjacent excitation windows, the movement of the steel string can be sampled and the resonant frequency can be determined. The excitation is adjusted according to the newly calculated resonant frequency to track the changes in the resonant frequency of the steel string. The excitation system needs to have good frequency resolution to accurately track subtle changes in the resonant frequency. Only a few oscillation waveforms are needed within the sampling window to determine the resonant frequency of the steel string. Compared with static measurement technology, the spectrum analysis algorithm can use fewer oscillation waveforms to accurately measure the frequency of the steel string.

[0118] The concept of in-phase means that the phase of the excitation signal is consistent with the phase of the steel string movement, that is, the excitation is applied in the direction of the steel string movement. The core of in-phase excitation is to obtain the real-time motion phase of the steel string. There are many ways to achieve the acquisition of the real-time motion phase of the steel string. The implementation methods are as follows:

[0119] (1) FFT fast Fourier transform calculation phase

[0120] FFT can calculate both frequency and phase. First, ADC samples the steel string motion signal and obtains a set of discrete data. The initial sampling time T0 is known, and then FFT calculates the discrete data to obtain the phase of the first data, and the running phase of the steel string at time T0 can be known. Assuming that the time of excitation is T1, the steel string motion phase at time T1 can be obtained based on the steel string motion frequency calculated by FFT and the time difference between T1 and T2, as well as the phase at time T0.

[0121] (2) Analyze ADC sampling data to obtain phase

[0122] First, ADC samples the steel string motion signal and obtains a set of discrete data. The initial sampling time T0 is known, and then the steel string motion frequency is calculated by FFT. According to the ADC sampling rate and the steel string motion frequency, it can be obtained that there are N sampling points in a steel string motion cycle, and the phase difference between two adjacent sampling points is 360° / N. Then the discrete data is analyzed to obtain whether the Mth point after T0 is a maximum or minimum value, and the running phase of the steel string at T0 can be inferred.

[0123] (3) Hardware comparator trigger method to obtain phase

[0124] The steel string motion signal is a sine wave. By comparing this signal with the zero-point voltage, trigger signals with two phases of 0° and 180° can be obtained.

[0125] S302. Dynamic and static combination technology

[0126] In addition, to ensure higher applicability, the present invention can flexibly switch between dynamic measurement and static measurement, using static measurement for routine monitoring and dynamic measurement when an earthquake event occurs.

[0127] The dynamic and static combination is divided into two working conditions:

[0128] (1) Static measurement when dynamic measurement is not performed

[0129] Under this condition, the device will start a 1-second dynamic measurement and perform arithmetic averaging on the measurement data to use as static measurement data.

[0130] (2) Static measurement during dynamic measurement

[0131] Under this working condition, the device will extract 1 second of dynamic measurement data and perform arithmetic averaging to use as static measurement data.

[0132] The internal storage area is divided into a static data storage area and a dynamic data storage area to ensure that the partitioned storage does not interfere with each other.

[0133] S4. Modal parameter identification of dam during operation

[0134] The signals obtained by dynamic monitoring of the vibrating-wire sensor are subjected to runtime modal analysis to identify the first four modal parameters of the dam. The identified modal parameters can be used for subsequent identification of mechanical parameters.

[0135] The runtime modal analysis method refers to the identification of structural modal parameters based only on the structural vibration response. It does not require the acquisition of excitation signals and is therefore widely used in health monitoring of structures such as bridges, high-rise buildings and dams. After decades of development, runtime modal analysis has developed a variety of methods including frequency domain and time domain. Taking the Cov-SSI algorithm as an example, as a time domain identification method, the algorithm has good noise resistance and high identification accuracy, and is one of the most widely used runtime modal analysis methods.

[0136] The discrete state space equation of the vibration system can be expressed as:

[0137]

[0138] In the formula, M, C, and K are the mass matrix, damping matrix, and stiffness matrix of the system respectively; z(t) are the acceleration vector, velocity vector and displacement vector of the discrete system respectively; F(t) is the excitation vector.

[0139] By introducing the state vector The vibration system (2) can be transformed into the corresponding state space:

[0140]

[0141] Where A and C are the discrete-time system matrix and discrete-time output matrix, respectively.

[0142] When A and C of the state equation are obtained, perform eigenvalue decomposition on A:

[0143] A=ΦΛΦ -1 (4)

[0144] In the formula, Λ is the eigenvalue matrix and Φ is the eigenvector matrix. Arrange the diagonal elements of Λ in order of magnitude, and the modal parameters of the structure are:

[0145]

[0146] φ j =Cγ j (8)

[0147] Among them, μ j is the jth eigenvalue of A, γ j is the corresponding eigenvector, Δt is the sampling time interval, f j , j and φ j are the modal frequency, damping ratio and vibration shape vector respectively.

[0148] S5. Back analysis of dam mechanical parameters based on runtime modal analysis and surrogate model

[0149] The inversion of dam mechanical parameters is completed by combining intelligent optimization algorithms (adaptive grid search algorithm, GA genetic algorithm, etc.) with the modal parameters identified by Cov-SSI.

[0150] The inversion of the mechanical parameters of the dam can be transformed into an optimization problem, that is, to find a set of solutions within the allowable parameter domain so that the response characteristics of the structure under the parameters are closest to the observed characteristics. The observed characteristics are the modal parameters identified by the vibration signal, and the distance between the measured characteristics, that is, the objective function in the optimization is:

[0151]

[0152] Where, θ is the structural mechanics parameter to be inverted; and represent the i-th order frequency and vibration mode of the modal parameters identified by the vibration signal; and f i (θ) and φ i (θ) are the i-th order frequency and vibration mode of the structural modal parameters obtained by finite element calculation; α i and β i are the weight coefficients of different items. Parameter inversion is equivalent to solving the optimization problem:

[0153]

[0154] Among them, D θ Represents the allowable value space of mechanical parameters.

[0155] S6. Risk identification based on inverse analysis of dam mechanical parameters

[0156] The above-mentioned inversion analysis method is used to obtain the mechanical parameters of the dam under the current operating state. According to the engineering design data or historical data, the changes in the mechanical parameters of the dam can be compared, and thresholds such as relative change rate can be set to identify the risks of the dam operation form. When the threshold is exceeded, a monitoring warning can be issued in time.

[0157] The above safety monitoring method is:

[0158] An online simulation model for dam dynamic monitoring is constructed to obtain the mapping relationship between the dam mechanical parameters and the first p-order modal results, where p is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5;

[0159] Performing runtime modal analysis on the mapping relationship using the acquired dynamic monitoring signal of the vibrating wire sensor to identify the q-order modal parameters before the dam, where q is less than or equal to p;

[0160] Based on the identified q-order modal parameters of the dam and the proxy model, the mechanical parameters of the dam are inverted and analyzed to obtain the mechanical parameters of the dam under the current operating state.

[0161] The dam mechanical parameters in the engineering design information or historical data are compared with the dam mechanical parameters in the current operating state to obtain the change value of the dam mechanical parameters. When the change value of the dam mechanical parameters is greater than the set change threshold, a monitoring early warning message is issued.

[0162] Based on the above disclosed content, the present invention also provides a dam safety monitoring device suitable for earthquake conditions, which is applied to the monitoring management layer, including: a construction unit, a runtime modal analysis unit, an inversion analysis unit and a monitoring and early warning unit;

[0163] A construction unit is used to construct an online simulation model for dynamic monitoring of the dam, and obtain a mapping relationship between the mechanical parameters of the dam and the first p-order modal results, where p is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5;

[0164] A runtime modal analysis unit is used to perform runtime modal analysis on the mapping relationship using the acquired dynamic monitoring signal of the vibrating string sensor, and identify the q-order modal parameters before the dam, where q is less than or equal to p;

[0165] The inverse analysis unit is used to perform inverse analysis on the mechanical parameters of the dam based on the identified q-order modal parameters of the dam and the proxy model, and obtain the mechanical parameters of the dam under the current operating state;

[0166] The monitoring and early warning unit is used to compare the dam mechanical parameters in the engineering design data or historical data with the dam mechanical parameters in the current operating state to obtain the change value of the dam mechanical parameters. When the change value of the dam mechanical parameters is greater than the set change threshold, a monitoring and early warning information is issued.

[0167] The dynamic monitoring signal of the vibrating string sensor obtained above is described from the perspective of information, that is, the natural frequency information of the vibrating string sent by the vibrating string sensor.

[0168] Based on the above disclosed content, the present invention also provides an electronic device accordingly. The electronic device of an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one electrically connected processor and at least one storage medium, the storage medium is electrically connected to the processor, wherein the storage medium stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform the method as described above.

[0169] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a storage medium, which stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method as described above.

[0170] The advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure are: (1) By using vibration sensors + vibrating string sensors, dynamic monitoring of the dam body vibrating string sensors can be triggered in advance when an earthquake event occurs, and the entire process of dam body response to the earthquake event can be collected. (2) By using the near-field + far-field configuration of the vibration sensor, the time margin and prediction accuracy of the dam earthquake early warning are effectively improved. (3) By using the same-frequency and same-phase excitation of the dynamic acquisition device and the dynamic and static combined monitoring technology, dynamic monitoring of the vibrating string sensors buried during the construction period can be achieved (frequency greater than or equal to 50 Hz). (4) Combined with the runtime modal analysis and proxy model, real-time inversion analysis of the dam mechanical parameters can be achieved, and modal parameters can be used to timely discover and warn of potential dangers in dam operation.

[0171] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring system, characterized in that: The system adopts a distributed network structure, including: monitoring management layer, network communication layer, data acquisition layer and sensor layer; The monitoring management layer includes a data server and a workstation; the monitoring management layer is used to receive and manage monitoring data, analyze the structural safety of the monitored object using the monitoring data, and issue monitoring warning information based on the analysis results; The network communication layer includes a switch and an optical fiber transceiver; the network communication layer is used to transmit monitoring data, and the monitoring data includes: vibration information and natural frequency information of the monitored object; The sensor layer includes a near-field monitoring device and a vibrating string sensor arranged in the monitored object; the near-field monitoring device includes a near-field monitoring center and a near-field vibration sensor arranged in the monitored object; the sensor layer is used to collect and send vibration information of the monitored object to the data acquisition layer using the near-field monitoring device; receive and start the vibrating string sensor according to the start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction sent by the data acquisition layer, and use the vibrating string sensor to collect and send self-vibration frequency information to the data acquisition layer, wherein the high frequency is a frequency greater than or equal to 50 Hz; The data acquisition layer includes a dynamic data acquisition device; the data acquisition layer is used to receive vibration information of the monitored object sent by the near-field monitoring device in the sensor layer; when it is determined that an earthquake trigger exists based on the vibration information of the monitored object, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor of the sensor layer, the natural frequency information sent by the vibrating string sensor is received, communication is established with the equipment of the monitoring management layer through the network communication layer, and the natural frequency information is sent to the monitoring management layer.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring data also includes far-field vibration information; the sensor layer also includes a far-field monitoring device; The remote field monitoring device comprises a remote field vibration sensor and a seismic information processing unit. The remote field vibration sensor is arranged with the monitoring object as the center, and the installation angle and the distance relative to the monitoring object are set in a circumferential direction.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The sensor layer is also used to monitor far-field vibration information using a far-field monitoring device and send it to the data acquisition layer; The data acquisition layer is also used to receive far-field vibration information sent by the far-field monitoring device of the sensor layer, and when it is determined that there is an earthquake trigger based on the far-field vibration information, send a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction to the vibrating string sensor of the sensor layer.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The vibration information of the monitored object and the far-field vibration information are specifically vibration time-history signals. There are multiple vibrating string sensors, and some of the vibrating string sensors are arranged at key positions of the monitored object. The far-field monitoring device and the near-field monitoring device are specifically used to continuously collect vibration time history signals at a specified frequency and send them to the dynamic data acquisition device; The dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to receive and analyze vibration time-history signals. When it is determined that an earthquake trigger exists based on the analysis of the vibration time-history signals, the earthquake trigger message is sent to the near-field monitoring center; when it is determined that the earthquake trigger message comes from the near-field vibration sensor, a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensor arranged at the key position, and the vibrating string sensor at the key position is instructed to perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition of natural frequency information for a preset acquisition time.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to determine whether an earthquake trigger message sent by a far-field monitoring device or a near-field monitoring device is received within a set time period after sending a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to the vibrating string sensors arranged at key locations. If so, a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction is sent to all vibrating string sensors; if not, a stop high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction is sent to the vibrating string sensors arranged at key locations.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to send a high-frequency dynamic acquisition start instruction to all vibrating string sensors when it is determined that the earthquake trigger message does not come from the near-field vibration sensor, and instruct all vibrating string sensors to perform high-frequency dynamic acquisition of natural frequency information for a preset acquisition time.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The dynamic data acquisition device is specifically used to send a stop high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to all vibrating string sensors after sending a start high-frequency dynamic acquisition instruction to all vibrating string sensors, when a short-time window is set to analyze in real time that the near-field vibration sensor does not meet the earthquake triggering condition.

8. The system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The dynamic data acquisition device is also used to cancel the sweep frequency excitation used in the static measurement of the vibrating string sensor when an earthquake is triggered, and instead adopt the same frequency and same phase excitation technology to compress the measurement period and improve the sampling rate.

9. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The far-field vibration sensor includes an acceleration sensor; when the topographic geological conditions include bedrock, the acceleration sensor is arranged on the bedrock; the sensor layer has multiple groups of far-field monitoring devices; each group of far-field monitoring devices includes J acceleration sensors with adjacent set spacing, and J is greater than or equal to 2; The near-field vibration sensor includes H acceleration sensors, where H is greater than or equal to 2.

10. A safety monitoring method, characterized in that: The method is based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Construct a dynamic monitoring online simulation model of the monitored object to obtain the mapping relationship between the mechanical parameters of the monitored object and the first p-order modal results, where p is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5; Using the acquired natural frequency information, a runtime modal analysis is performed on the mapping relationship to identify the first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object, where q is less than or equal to p; Based on the identified first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object and the proxy model, the mechanical parameters of the monitored object are inverted and analyzed to obtain the mechanical parameters of the monitored object under the current operating state; The mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the engineering design data or historical data are compared with the mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the current operating state to obtain the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object. When the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object is greater than the set change threshold, a monitoring warning information is issued.

11. A safety monitoring device, characterized in that: The device is based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: a construction unit, a runtime modal analysis unit, an inversion analysis unit, and a monitoring and early warning unit; A construction unit is used to construct an online simulation model for dynamic monitoring of the monitored object, and obtain a mapping relationship between the mechanical parameters of the monitored object and the first p-order modal results, where p is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5; A runtime modal analysis unit, used to perform runtime modal analysis on the mapping relationship using the acquired natural frequency information, and identify the first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object, where q is less than or equal to p; An inversion analysis unit is used to perform inversion analysis on the mechanical parameters of the monitored object based on the identified first q-order modal parameters of the monitored object and the proxy model, so as to obtain the mechanical parameters of the monitored object under the current operating state; The monitoring and early warning unit is used to compare the mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the engineering design data or historical data with the mechanical parameters of the monitored object in the current operating state to obtain the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object. When the change value of the mechanical parameters of the monitored object is greater than the set change threshold, a monitoring and early warning information is issued.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; The processor is used to implement the method steps described in claim 11 when executing the program stored in the memory.

13. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method steps of claim 11 are implemented.

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