Friction nanometer generator based on inhibition of interface charge loss and improvement of load voltage maximum energy extraction

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction nano-generator based on inhibition of interface charge loss and improvement of load voltage maximum energy extraction, which comprises a sliding block and a stator which are arranged up and down, and is characterized in that the sliding block comprises a sliding block substrate (1) made of a hard dielectric polymer material, an electronegative dielectric film (2) arranged on the upper side of the sliding block substrate (1), and an electronegative dielectric film (3) arranged on the lower side of the sliding block substrate (1); a left electrode (3) and a right electrode (4) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the stator respectively; the stator comprises a stator substrate (5) made of a hard dielectric polymer material, the upper side of the stator substrate (5) is covered with an electropositive material (6), and the sliding block is placed on the stator; the sliding block unit can be integrated by adding an inner electrode; the distance between every two adjacent inner electrodes ranges from 0.5 mm to 6 mm. The thickness of the electropositive material (6) is greater than 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the stator substrate (5) is greater than 1 mm. The friction generator is simple and flexible in design, excellent in output performance, low in cost and wide in application scene, and practical application of the friction generator is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction nanogenerators, in particular to a friction nanogenerator based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage. Background Art

[0002] Effectively collecting interfacial friction charges and increasing load voltage are two important factors to improve the output energy density of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). At present, the mechanisms for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy by TENGs include electrostatic induction and corona discharge (CD). Among them, CD-TENG can directly collect friction charges for electrical energy output, has higher charge utilization efficiency, and is considered to be an effective strategy for interfacial energy extraction. However, the previous charge transfer mechanism of CD-TENG is based on an ideal assumption that the friction charges are bound to the surface of the friction material and are collected by arranging charge collection electrodes on both sides of the slider. The potential distribution of the friction interface and the interfacial charge loss process are not well understood, which makes it difficult for CD-TENG to maximize the collection of charges at the friction interface. In addition, the contribution of load voltage to the output energy of TENG is as important as the output charge. In order to improve the role of voltage in output energy, a large number of studies have introduced contact switches and added insulating layers to increase the electrode potential, which greatly improved the output energy of TENGs, but also complicated its structure and reduced its portability. In summary, developing a complete energy optimization route to reduce interfacial charge loss and increase load voltage is of great significance to promote the practical application and commercialization of CD-TENG. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the incomplete understanding of the interface charge loss mechanism and the low load voltage of TENG in the prior art, the present invention provides a friction nanogenerator based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing load voltage to extract maximum friction interface energy. By effectively suppressing the loss of interface charge and widening the inner electrode spacing to increase its load voltage, the output energy density of CD-TENG is greatly improved.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A friction nanogenerator based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing the maximum energy extraction of load voltage, comprising a slider and a stator arranged up and down, characterized in that: wherein the slider comprises a slider substrate made of a hard dielectric polymer material, an electronegative dielectric film arranged on the lower side of the slider substrate, and a left electrode and a right electrode are arranged on the left and right sides of the stator respectively;

[0005] The electronegative dielectric film has a thickness of 20-200 μm. The electronegative dielectric film is one piece or is divided into two or more electronegative dielectric film pieces by adding inner electrodes. All electronegative dielectric film pieces are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the lower side of the slider substrate. The gap between adjacent inner electrodes is 0.5 mm-6 mm.

[0006] The stator comprises a stator substrate made of a hard dielectric polymer material, the upper side of the stator substrate is covered with an electropositive material, and the slider is placed on the stator;

[0007] The electropositive material has a thickness greater than 0.5 mm, and the stator substrate has a thickness greater than 1 mm.

[0008] The larger the spacing between the inner electrodes, the higher the potential of the electrodes under heavy load and the better the output performance of the generator.

[0009] Specifically, when the electronegative dielectric film is divided into two or more electronegative dielectric film blocks, all the electronegative dielectric film blocks are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the lower side of the slider substrate, the inner upper parts (the outer side is the left motor or the right electrode) of the electronegative dielectric film blocks on both sides (located on the edge) are provided with inner electrodes, and the upper parts of both sides of the electronegative dielectric film block in the middle are provided with inner electrodes, and the gap between the inner electrodes of adjacent electronegative dielectric film blocks is 0.5mm-6mm;

[0010] In the above scheme: the hard dielectric polymer material is one of acrylic board, PVC board, PC board, ABS board, PVDF board, PP board, PE board and POM board.

[0011] In the above scheme: the electronegative dielectric film (2) is one of PTFE film, FEP film, PVDF film, PVC film, PET film and PVC film.

[0012] In the above scheme: the electronegative dielectric film is a PTFE film.

[0013] In the above scheme: the electropositive material is one of polyurethane foam, nylon, nitrile and polyester.

[0014] In the above solution: the electropositive material is polyurethane foam.

[0015] In the above scheme: the left electrode, the right electrode and the inner electrode are all metal material electrodes or non-metallic electrodes, and the non-metallic electrode is one of a graphite electrode, a conductive silicone electrode and a conductive fabric electrode.

[0016] In the above scheme: the thickness of the electropositive material is 0.5mm-4mm. The thicker and higher it is, the better the output performance of the generator.

[0017] In the above scheme: the thickness of the stator substrate is 1mm-6mm. The thicker and higher, the better the output performance of the generator. When the thickness is higher than 6mm, the output remains basically unchanged.

[0018] The corona discharge triboelectric nanogenerator (CD-TENG) based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing load voltage of the present invention reveals the interface friction charge loss mechanism, namely charge migration, bottom discharge and interface breakdown, and provides an optimization scheme to suppress interface charge loss and increase its load voltage to maximize the output energy of CD-TENG. Take a CD-TENG with a unit slider as an example (the electronegative dielectric film 2 of the slider is not separated, such as Figure 1 As shown on the left side of the figure, after the slider and the stator rub against each other, the surface of the electronegative dielectric film 2 covering the slider carries a negative charge 7, and the surface of the electronegative material 6 covering the stator carries a positive charge 8. As the slider continues to move to the right, the charge collecting left electrode 3 and the right electrode 4 on the left and right sides of the slider will collect the positive charge on the surface of the electronegative material and the negative charge on the surface of the electronegative dielectric film, respectively. Since positive and negative charges are generated simultaneously during the triboelectric electrification process, after the left and right electrodes collect the charges, the electric potential inside the friction layer will form a quasi-dipole distribution, that is, the accumulation of residual negative charges on the left side will form a negative potential 9, and the accumulation of residual positive charges on the right side will form a positive potential 10.

[0019] The proposed quasi-dipole potential distribution of the present invention reveals the potential distribution inside the interface of the CD-TENG friction layer. When the slider slides to the right, the left side of the friction interface is negative potential and the right side is positive potential. The mover slides relative to the stator, and the stator can be fixed or movable. The length of the stator should be greater than the length of the slider to ensure that the slider slides on the stator surface.

[0020] The quasi-dipole distributed potential moves synchronously with the slider, and when the slider moves in the opposite direction, the positive and negative potentials on the left and right sides also switch accordingly.

[0021] The interfacial quasi-dipole distribution potential induces three friction charge loss processes. Figure 2The principle is explained as shown in a when the CD-TENG moves from left to right. ① Charge migration: The quasi-dipole potential induces the charge in the electropositive material 6 and the stator substrate 5 to migrate to the friction interface, and neutralizes the friction charge during the dynamic operation of the CD-TENG. ② Bottom discharge: The interface quasi-dipole potential polarizes the friction layer 6 and the hard substrate 5, so that the electric dipoles are arranged from top to bottom along the friction layer and the substrate. The electric dipoles at the bottom of the substrate can be equivalent to the positive (right) and negative (left) bound charges on the surface. A strong electric field is formed at the bottom of the stator substrate 5. When the electric field strength is greater than the air breakdown threshold, air discharge is caused in the atmosphere, resulting in interfacial friction charge loss. ③ Interface breakdown: Since the quasi-dipoles maintain opposite potentials on the left and right sides of the friction interface, they will establish a strong electric field in the middle of the friction layer to trigger air breakdown, resulting in friction charge loss.

[0022] The interface friction charge loss process can be optimized by corresponding methods, including selecting the material of the stator substrate 5 to weaken the charge migration, increasing the thickness of the stator substrate 5 to suppress the bottom discharge caused by polarization, and adding different pairs of inner electrodes to collect the interface breakdown charge. After the above strategy optimization, the interface friction charge is fully collected.

[0023] The glow of the bottom discharge can be captured by a digital camera, and as the thickness of the stator substrate 5 increases, the discharge glow gradually weakens.

[0024] The slider can add different numbers of internal electrodes to be integrated into different units, thereby improving the output performance of the CD-TENG while keeping the total area of ​​the electronegative dielectric film 2 unchanged.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a quasi-dipole potential model to describe the potential distribution inside the CD-TENG interface. The model reveals the mechanism of all friction charge losses at the interface, namely charge migration, bottom discharge and interface breakdown, and gradually suppresses the interface charge loss through material selection, material thickness increase, and internal electrode pair design, greatly improving the output charge of the generator. In addition, for the problem of low electrode potential of CD-TENG, a potential difference enhancement strategy is proposed to increase its load voltage, obtain ultra-high output energy, and can power a variety of commercial electronic devices. The friction generator is simple in design, flexible, low in cost, excellent in output performance, and widely applicable to the practical application of the invention. The present invention provides important insights into the friction charge loss process and potential difference enhancement mechanism, and provides a comprehensive energy optimization roadmap. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Figure a is a schematic structural diagram of a unit slider CD-TENG provided by the present invention. Figure 1 In the figure, a is a one-unit slider, b is a two-unit slider, and c is a four-unit slider.

[0027] Figure 2 , a is the mechanism diagram of the three friction charge loss processes induced by the quasi-dipole potential inside the CD-TENG interface. Figure 2 (d) in the middle is the optimized route to reduce interfacial friction charge loss.

[0028] Figure 3 Short-circuit charge of CD-TENG with different conductors, low leakage, and high leakage hard substrates.

[0029] Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of CD-TENG polarization-induced bottom discharge. Figure 4 (b) shows the output charge of CD-TENG under different thicknesses of polyurethane foam friction layer and acrylic substrate.

[0030] Figure 5 (a) is the photo of 1-unit and 6-unit CD-TENG sliders. Figure 5 b and Figure 5 c is the output charge and output current of CD-TENGs of different units.

[0031] Figure 6 a is a diagram showing the mechanism of charge loss between electrode pairs in CD-TENG with more than 2 units under heavy load. Figure 6 b is the potential difference enhancement strategy to achieve high output energy of CD-TENG under large load. Figure 6 c is the VQ curve of the two-unit CD-TENG with different inner electrode gaps. Figure 6 d is the output energy of the 6-unit CD-TENG under various loads. Figure 6 e is the comparison of the output energy density of CD-TENG when the inner electrode gap is 2 mm and 6 mm. Figure 6 f is the output current, voltage and average power density of a 6-unit CD-TENG (electrode gap is 6 mm) under various external loads.

[0032] Figure 7 a is a digital photo of a 6-unit CD-TENG lighting up 5568 5mm diameter green LEDs. Figure 7 b is a digital photo of a 6-unit CD-TENG powering 24 commercial thermometers and hygrometers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A friction nanogenerator based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage includes a slider and a stator arranged up and down. The length of the stator should be greater than the length of the slider to ensure that the slider slides on the stator surface.

[0036] The slider includes a slider substrate 1 made of a hard dielectric polymer material, an electronegative dielectric film 2 arranged on the lower side of the slider substrate 1, and a left electrode 3 and a right electrode 4 are arranged on the left and right sides of the slider respectively. The thickness of the electronegative dielectric film 2 is 20-200 μm, and the electronegative dielectric film 2 is a single piece or divided into two or more electronegative dielectric film blocks by adding an inner electrode pair. All electronegative dielectric film blocks are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the lower side of the slider substrate 1, and the gap between adjacent inner electrodes is 0.5 mm-6 mm. Figure 1 On the middle right side, the distance between the inner electrode 11 and the inner electrode 12 (the reference numerals 11 and 12 are only for the convenience of understanding the gap between the inner electrodes, and do not represent two different components). Specifically, when there is only one electronegative dielectric film, there is no inner electrode. When the electronegative dielectric film is divided into two or more electronegative dielectric film blocks, all the electronegative dielectric film blocks are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the lower side of the slider substrate, and the inner upper parts of the electronegative dielectric film blocks on both sides (on the edge) (the outer side is the left electrode or the right electrode) are provided with inner electrodes, and the upper parts of both sides of the electronegative dielectric film block in the middle are provided with inner electrodes, and the gap between the inner electrodes of adjacent electronegative dielectric film blocks is 0.5mm-6mm;

[0037] The stator includes a stator substrate 5 made of a hard dielectric polymer material, the upper side of the stator substrate 5 is covered with an electropositive material 6, and the slider is placed on the stator. The hard dielectric polymer material is one of acrylic board, PVC board, PC board, ABS board, PVDF board, PP board, PE board, and POM board. The electronegative dielectric film 2 is one of PTFE film, FEP film, PVDF film, PVC film, PET film, and PVC film. The electropositive material is one of polyurethane foam, nylon, nitrile, and polyester. The left electrode, the right electrode, and the inner electrode are all metal material electrodes or non-metallic electrodes, and the non-metallic electrode is one of graphite electrode, conductive silicone electrode, and conductive fabric electrode.

[0038] The thickness of the electropositive material 6 is greater than 0.5 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 4 mm. The thickness of the stator substrate 5 is greater than 1 mm, preferably 1 mm to 6 mm. The spacing between the inner electrode 11 and the inner electrode 12 is 0.5 mm to 6 mm.

[0039] Example 1 Interface charge loss mechanism and optimization strategy.

[0040] The slider substrate 1 is made of acrylic board, and the length, width and thickness of the acrylic board are 40mm, 60mm and 4mm respectively. The electronegative polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dielectric film is pasted on the surface of the acrylic board as the friction layer of the slider, and the thickness is 150μm. 30μm thick copper electrodes are pasted on both sides of the slider, and the area of ​​the left electrode 3 and the right electrode 4 are both 4×60mm 2 The stator substrate 5 is an acrylic plate with a length, width and thickness of 150 mm, 70 mm and 1-7 mm respectively. The electropositive material 6 is a positively charged polyurethane foam with different thicknesses of 0.5 mm to 4 mm, which is completely covered on the surface of the stator substrate 5 as the friction layer of the stator. After the PTFE and the polyurethane foam are electrified by contact friction, the surface of the PTFE is negatively charged and the surface of the polyurethane foam is positively charged.

[0041] In this embodiment, during the electrical performance test of CD-TENG, a programmable linear motor was used to simulate the external linear reciprocating mechanical energy motion. The charge collection left electrode 3 and right electrode 4 of CD-TENG were connected to an electrometer (Keithley 6514) and a high-speed electrostatic voltmeter (Trek model 370) as output terminals to test the output of its transfer charge, short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown in a: When CD-TENG moves from left to right, the charge collecting left electrode 3 and right electrode 4 on the left and right sides of the slider will collect positive charges on the surface of polyurethane foam and negative charges on the surface of PTFE dielectric film respectively. Since positive and negative charges are generated simultaneously during triboelectric charging. Therefore, after the left and right electrodes collect charges, the residual charges in the friction layer will accumulate, resulting in a quasi-dipole distribution of the potential in the friction layer, that is, the left side will maintain a negative potential 9, and the right side will form a positive potential 10. Under the induction of the interface quasi-dipole distribution potential, the friction charge will produce three charge loss processes. ① Charge migration: The quasi-dipole potential induces the charges in the polyurethane foam and the stator substrate to migrate to the friction interface, and neutralizes the friction charge during the dynamic operation of CD-TENG. ② Bottom discharge: The interface quasi-dipole potential polarizes the friction layer and the stator substrate 5, so that the electric dipoles are arranged in order from top to bottom along the friction layer and the substrate. The electric dipole at the bottom of the stator substrate 5 can be equivalent to the positive (right) and negative (left) bound charges on the surface. A strong electric field is formed at the bottom of the stator substrate 5. When the electric field strength is greater than the air breakdown threshold, air discharge is caused in the atmosphere, resulting in interface friction charge loss. ③ Interface breakdown: Since the quasi-dipoles maintain opposite electric potentials on the left and right sides of the friction interface, they will establish a strong electric field in the middle of the friction layer to trigger air breakdown, resulting in friction charge loss.

[0043] Figure 2Figure b shows an optimization roadmap for reducing the three types of friction charge losses, including selecting stator substrates 5 with different leakage characteristics to weaken charge migration, increasing the thickness of stator substrates 5 to suppress bottom discharge caused by polarization, and designing internal electrodes to collect interface breakdown charges. First, the essence of charge migration is to induce charge transfer inside the material under a strong electric field. The strength of charge migration is closely related to the resistivity of the material, and the higher the resistivity, the weaker the charge migration. The present invention tests the output charge of the CD-TENG of stator substrates 5 with different leakage characteristics, such as Figure 3 (A unit CD-TENG (only one electronegative dielectric film)) is shown. The results show that the output charge of the low leakage hard substrate material is higher than that of the high leakage hard substrate material, and the output charge of the high leakage hard substrate material is higher than that of the conductor. Therefore, low leakage hard material can be selected as the substrate of CD-TENG to mitigate the charge loss caused by charge migration. Second, due to the attenuation of the interface electric field in the material, the polarization field density decreases with the increase of the material thickness. Therefore, increasing the thickness of the stator substrate 5 and the polyurethane foam 6 can effectively suppress the bottom discharge caused by polarization. Thereby increasing the output charge of CD-TENG, such as Figure 4 As shown in (a unit CD-TENG), the thickness of the stator substrate 5 increases from 1mm to 6mm, the output charge increases from 0.31μC to 2.02μC, and the thickness of the polyurethane foam 6 increases from 0.5mm to 4mm, the output charge increases from 1.37μC to 1.98μC. Figure 5 As shown in a, while keeping the total area of ​​PTFE unchanged, different pairs of inner electrodes 11 and inner electrodes 12 are added to integrate CD-TENG with different slider units. Figure 5 Figure a shows the structural schematic diagram of 1-unit (without inner electrode) and 6-unit CD-TENG slider. The experimental results show that the integrated slider unit can effectively collect the breakdown charge within the interface. Its output charge and current increase with the increase of the number of integrated pairs, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 The above three strategies all demonstrate the effectiveness of suppressing charge loss in improving the output charge of CD-TENG.

[0044] Example 2: Potential difference enhancement strategy improves the output energy of CD-TENG.

[0045] For CD-TENG with more than 2 units, when the external load is a large resistor, discharge will occur between the inner electrodes, which will further increase the electrode potential ( Figure 6 a). The present invention proposes a potential difference enhancement strategy, which increases the potential of the charge collection electrode by enlarging the gap between the internal electrode pairs of the CD-TENG, thereby increasing the output energy of the CD-TENG, such as Figure 6As shown in b. Taking the 2-unit slider CD-TENG as an example, when the inner electrode gap is enlarged from 0.5mm to 6mm, the short-circuit charge and current are almost stable. Interestingly, its average power and output energy increase with the increase of the inner electrode gap. Figure 6 Figure c shows the VQ curve of a 2-unit CD-TENG under an external load of 1 GΩ. The results show that the enhancement of the CD-TENG output energy is due to the increase in load voltage and charge. Enlarging the inner electrode gap can greatly increase the potential difference threshold between charge collection and reduce the charge loss between the internal electrodes under large loads. Using this potential difference enhancement strategy, a 6-unit slider CD-TENG with an electrode gap of 6 mm was fabricated, and its output energy is shown in Figure 5. Figure 6 As shown in d, the output energy reaches 24.17 mJ when the external load is 1 GΩ. Compared with the output energy density of the 6-unit CD-TENG with an electrode gap of 2 mm, the output energy density increases by 3.24 times ( Figure 6 e). In addition, Figure 6 As shown in f, under an external load of 1 GΩ, the maximum output power density of the 6-unit CD-TENG with an inner electrode gap of 6 mm reaches 17.13 W m -2 Generally speaking, the maximum output power density of the CD-TENG with more slider units can be larger.

[0046] Example 3 CD-TENG drives commercial electronic devices

[0047] CD-TENG has excellent portability and output performance, and we demonstrate its practical application from these two aspects. Figure 7 As shown in a, a 6-unit slider with an inner electrode gap of 6 mm (contact area: 24 cm 2 ), successfully lighting up 5568 LEDs with a diameter of 5 mm, demonstrating the excellent portability of CD-TENG. Figure 7 Figure b shows the voltage-time curves and digital photos of 24 thermometers and hygrometers during operation. The 1mF capacitor is charged to 1.8V in 8.3s. After being connected to the thermometer and hygrometer, the voltage quickly drops to 1.6V and remains stable for about 150 seconds.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage, comprising a slider and a stator arranged up and down, characterized in that: The slider comprises a slider substrate (1) made of a hard dielectric polymer material, an electronegative dielectric film (2) arranged on the lower side of the slider substrate (1), and a left electrode (3) and a right electrode (4) are arranged on the left and right sides of the stator respectively; The electronegative dielectric film (2) has a thickness of 20-200 μm. The electronegative dielectric film (2) is a single piece or is divided into two or more electronegative dielectric film blocks by adding an inner electrode pair. All electronegative dielectric film blocks are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the lower side of the slider substrate (1). The gap between adjacent inner electrodes is 0.5 mm-6 mm. The stator comprises a stator substrate (5) made of a hard dielectric polymer material, the upper side of the stator substrate (5) is covered with an electropositive material (6), and the slider is placed on the stator.

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the electropositive material (6) is greater than 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the stator substrate (5) is greater than 1 mm.

3. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hard dielectric polymer material is one of acrylic board, PVC, PC, ABS, PVDF, PP, PE, and POM.

4. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electronegative dielectric film (2) is one of a PTFE film, a FEP film, a PVDF film, a PVC film, a PET film, and a PVC film.

5. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electronegative dielectric film is a PTFE film.

6. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electropositive material is one of polyurethane foam, nylon, nitrile and polyester.

7. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electropositive material is polyurethane foam.

8. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left electrode, the right electrode and the inner electrode are all metal material electrodes or non-metal electrodes, and the non-metal electrode is one of a graphite electrode, a conductive silicone electrode and a conductive fabric electrode.

9. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interface charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the electropositive material (6) is 0.5 mm to 4 mm.

10. The triboelectric nanogenerator based on suppressing interfacial charge loss and increasing maximum energy extraction of load voltage according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the stator base plate (5) is 1 mm to 6 mm.

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