High-rise building facade integrated photovoltaic optimal orientation determination method

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-rise building facade integrated photovoltaic optimal orientation determination method, which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting an upper region of a high-rise building, and calculating the illumination of the outer surface of the building; s2, selecting one layer in the test area to carry out indoor illumination test, measuring the illuminance of a test point, and calculating a sunlight coefficient; s3, arranging a building integrated photovoltaic panel outside the building test layer, and testing; s4, integrating the measured data and calculating to obtain one-year data; s5, amplifying data to obtain a comprehensive light energy utilization value at the earlier stage of fifty years; s6, calculating building comprehensive light energy utilization values of different landforms in a grading manner; and S7, repeatedly calculating the comprehensive light energy utilization value, comparing, and taking the highest surface as the optimal orientation. By means of the method, the area with the high illumination intensity in the high-rise building can be effectively drawn, and the photovoltaic electric energy conversion efficiency is improved. The problems that the energy conversion rate is reduced and the building cost is increased due to the fact that photovoltaic panels are integrated on all outer vertical faces of an existing high-rise building are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for determining the best orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building, and belongs to the field of photovoltaic panel installation engineering. Background Art

[0002] In the past decade, the building sector accounted for 32% of total final energy use worldwide, 51% of global electricity consumption, and 19% of energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. The main sources of greenhouse gas emissions come from fossil fuel energy, direct use, and fossil fuel electricity generation. In addition, it is estimated that electricity CO2 emissions from commercial buildings increase by 2.5% per year and CO2 emissions from residential buildings increase by 1.7% per year. However, these negative effects can be reduced by adopting clean energy that supports climate change mitigation. Since renewable energy sources (such as photovoltaic panels) have lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil energy, renewable energy should be used in the building sector to minimize the global energy crisis.

[0003] Currently, most photovoltaic panels are installed on roofs because the solar radiation near the zenith during the day is relatively high. However, the roof area of ​​high-rise buildings is small, and the area where photovoltaic panels are set is too small, resulting in insufficient electricity production to meet the normal needs of the building. Therefore, it is necessary to consider integrating photovoltaic systems directly into building facades, which may have a larger surface area.

[0004] In recent years, more and more high-rise buildings have integrated photovoltaic panel systems on their exterior surfaces. Existing technologies usually directly cover the entire building surface with photovoltaic panels, that is, integrate photovoltaic panels into the building facade, increasing the total amount of photovoltaic power generated on the building surface. However, due to the large facade area of ​​high-rise buildings, the cost of fully integrating photovoltaic panels is high. In addition, due to the orientation of the building, the latitude of the city where the building is located, the terrain, and the coverage of other adjacent buildings in the city, the light intensity of each facade of a high-rise building varies. Integrating all photovoltaic panels will reduce the overall energy conversion rate of the building and increase the construction cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the integrated photovoltaic panels on the facades of existing high-rise buildings result in reduced energy conversion rates and increased construction costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for determining the optimal orientation of photovoltaic integrated on the facade of a high-rise building, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Determine the high-rise building, select the upper area of ​​the high-rise building for testing, and calculate the average illumination of the building exterior surface in the test area;

[0008] S2. Select one floor in the test area of ​​a high-rise building for indoor lighting testing, set up illuminance test points indoors, measure the illuminance at the test point, and calculate the daylight factor at the test point;

[0009] S3. Install a building integrated photovoltaic panel outside the building test layer and conduct synchronous tests on illumination, voltage and current;

[0010] S4. Integrate the data measured each month and calculate according to the above method to obtain the data for one year; calculate the combined formula for measuring the comprehensive light intensity and light energy conversion of the building surface;

[0011] S5. Enlarging the calculated data to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization value in the first half of the decade;

[0012] S6. Classify the landform where the test building is located according to the roughness, and calculate the comprehensive light energy utilization value of buildings in different landforms;

[0013] S7, repeat steps S3 to S6 to compare the calculated comprehensive light energy utilization values, and take the highest side as the best orientation for integrated photovoltaics on the facade of the high-rise building.

[0014] In the above method, in step S1, illuminance meters are installed on the central axes of the four outer surfaces of the high-rise building, and the illuminance on the four surfaces is measured as E1, E2, E3, and E4 respectively, and the illuminance of the outer surface of the building is calculated as E0 = (E1+E2+E3+E4) / 4.

[0015] Among them, the installation method of the test points in step S2 of the above method is related to the building structure type; for high-rise buildings with a core tube, the test points are arranged in a circle around the core tube, and the position is at the midpoint between the core tube and the outer surface of the building; for high-rise buildings without a core tube, the test points are arranged in a 3×3 manner, and the three points are located at the 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 positions respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the above method calculates the daylight factor (DF) of the test point:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, E i is the illuminance at the test point, and E0 is the illuminance on the exterior surface of the building.

[0019] The test period in step S3 of the above method is 12 months, and 4 days are randomly selected for testing each month, so that a total of 12×4 groups of data are obtained. The unit of illuminance is defined as lx, and the illuminance under normal conditions is between 100lx and 3000lx.

[0020] The measured data are processed to obtain a series of results:

[0021] Daylight autonomy (DA 300 ), which measures the adequacy of daylight in a room:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, t E ≥300 is the time when the sunlight illuminance value is at least 300lx, and T is the total measurement time;

[0024] DA 300 The spatialized version of the illumination is greater than 300 and the percentage of building area to total area is ≥ 50%, as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Where n DA300≥50％ The number of sensors whose illumination is greater than 300 for more than 50% of the total measurement time, n total is the total number of sensor points in the room;

[0027] Useful daylight intensity (UDI) is used to measure the effective daylight intensity during the entire measurement time. Buildings that use photovoltaic building integration are UDI 100～3000 ≥80%:

[0028]

[0029] Where, t E＝100～3000 is the time when the sunlight illumination value is 100lx~3000lx, and T is the total measurement time;

[0030] In a set of data, the average value of all test points is:

[0031]

[0032] The illumination of office space should meet the use requirements, generally 500 ~ 1000lx, so increase the average effective daylight used in office space:

[0033]

[0034] In addition, to control excessive daylight that may increase the risk of visual discomfort, the indicator UDI is also considered >3000 :

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, t E>3000 is the time when the sunlight illuminance value is greater than 3000lx, and T is the total measurement time;

[0037] In a set of data, the average value of all test points is:

[0038]

[0039] Annual solar exposure (ASE), that is, the percentage of test points with an illuminance exceeding 1000 lx to all test points during the planned use time:

[0040]

[0041] Where n SE1000lx≥250h is the number of light sensors where the direct sunlight illuminance is at least 1000 lx for more than 250 hours per year, n total is the total number of sensor points in the room.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S4 of the above method, the four sets of data measured each month are integrated and calculated according to the above method to obtain 12 sets of data for one year; the combined formula for measuring the comprehensive light intensity and light energy conversion of the building surface is further calculated, and considering the complex characteristics of different cities and different regions, three calculation methods F1, F2, and F3 are set:

[0043]

[0044] All 12 sets of data are processed using this method to obtain 12 sets of F1, F2, and F3 data values.

[0045] Furthermore, in the above method, the 12 groups of Fx (x∈1,2,3) calculated in step S5 are enlarged to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization values ​​F1,max, F2,max, F3,max in the first half of the decade.

[0046]

[0047] F x,max =μ T +1.4α T ;

[0048] Among them, a j and b j is the preferred value based on the probability density function, Fx can be calculated in the above formula, α T and μ T is the transition function in the formula.

[0049] Furthermore, in step S6 of the above method, the landform where the test building is located is divided into four categories according to the roughness, namely, I, II, III, and IV, and the calculation methods of the comprehensive light energy utilization value are respectively:

[0050]

[0051] Furthermore, in step S6 of the above method, Category I refers to offshore waters, islands, coasts, lake shores and desert areas; Category II refers to fields, villages, jungles, hills and towns and urban suburbs with relatively sparse houses; Category III refers to urban areas with densely packed buildings; and Category IV refers to urban areas with densely packed buildings and taller houses.

[0052] Wherein, in step S1 of the above method, the upper 1 / 3 area of ​​the high-rise building is selected for testing.

[0053] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the method proposes a method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facades of high-rise buildings, which can effectively draw areas with higher light intensity in high-rise buildings, and integrate photovoltaic panels in these areas in a targeted manner, which can effectively reduce construction costs, improve photovoltaic-electric energy conversion efficiency, and better contribute to the sustainable development of cities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the high-rise building test area of ​​the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the test point arrangement structure of a high-rise building with a core tube according to the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the test point arrangement structure of a high-rise building without a core tube according to the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test point arrangement structure on the east side of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the test point arrangement structure on the south side of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the test point arrangement structure on the west side of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the test point arrangement structure on the north side of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the illumination of a high-rise building located in Class II terrain according to the present invention.

[0063] Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the daylight factor.

[0064] The numbers in the figure are: 1 is the test area, 2 is the central axis, and 3 is the high-rise building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Determine high-rise building 3, select the upper area of ​​high-rise building 3 for testing, and calculate the average illumination of the outer surface of the building in test area 1;

[0068] S2. Select one floor in the test area 1 of the high-rise building 3 to conduct indoor lighting test, set up illuminance test points indoors, measure the illuminance at the test point, and calculate the daylight factor at the test point;

[0069] S3. Install a building integrated photovoltaic panel outside the building test layer, and conduct synchronous tests on illumination, voltage and current, and record the test data;

[0070] S4. Integrate the data measured each month and calculate according to the above method to obtain the data for one year; calculate the combined formula for measuring the comprehensive light intensity and light energy conversion of the building surface;

[0071] S5. Enlarging the calculated data to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization value in the first half of the decade;

[0072] S6. Classify the landform where the test building is located according to the roughness, and calculate the comprehensive light energy utilization value of buildings in different landforms;

[0073] S7, repeating steps S3 to S6 to compare the calculated comprehensive light energy utilization values, and taking the highest side as the best orientation for photovoltaic integration on the facade of the high-rise building 3. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that this method can effectively draw the area with higher light intensity in the high-rise building 3, and actually only photovoltaic panels need to be set in this area. Specifically, step S1 selects the high-rise building 3 and the test area 1, and calculates the illuminance of the building's outer surface; step S2 selects any layer of the test area 1 for light testing, and sets illuminance test points, measures the illuminance at the test point, and calculates the daylight coefficient of the test point; step S3 sets a photovoltaic panel inside a table of the high-rise building 3, and performs synchronous tests of illuminance, voltage, and current, and records the test data; step S4 organizes the data to obtain the data for the whole year; step S5 amplifies the data and obtains the comprehensive light energy utilization value; step S6 further considers the location of the high-rise building 3 to ensure the accuracy of the data, and classifies it according to the degree of roughness based on the terrain where it is located, and calculates the comprehensive light energy utilization value of buildings in different terrains; step S7 repeatedly calculates the comprehensive light energy utilization value of the building in the test area 1 in all directions of the table of the high-rise building 3, and actually takes the highest side as the best orientation for the integrated photovoltaic on the facade of the high-rise building 3.

[0074] Preferably, in step S1 of the above method, illuminance meters are installed on the central axes 2 of the four outer surfaces of the high-rise building 3, and the illuminances on the four surfaces are measured to be E1, E2, E3, and E4, respectively, and the illuminance of the outer surface of the building is calculated to be E0=(E1+E2+E3+E4) / 4. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, specifically, illuminance meters are installed on the central axes 2 of the four outer surfaces of the high-rise building 3, and the illuminances on the four surfaces are measured to be E1, E2, E3, and E4, respectively, and the illuminance of the outer surface of the building is calculated to be E0=(E1+E2+E3+E4) / 4.

[0075] Preferably, the installation method of the test points in step S2 of the above method is related to the building structure type; for a high-rise building 3 with a core tube, the test points are arranged in a circle around the core tube, and the position is at the midpoint between the core tube and the outer surface of the building; for a high-rise building 3 without a core tube, the test points are arranged in a 3×3 manner and are located at the 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 positions respectively. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the test points are set according to the shape classification of the high-rise building 3. See the attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 Specifically, for high-rise buildings 3 with core tubes, the test points are arranged in a circle around the core tube, and are located at the midpoint between the core tube and the outer surface of the building; for high-rise buildings 3 without core tubes, the test points are arranged in a 3×3 manner, and are located at the 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 positions respectively.

[0076] Preferably, the daylight factor (DF) of the test point is calculated in the above method:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, E i is the illuminance at the test point, and E0 is the illuminance of the building's outer surface. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the daylight factor of the test point is calculated based on the illuminance at the test point and the illuminance of the building's outer surface, which facilitates subsequent calculations.

[0079] Preferably, in the above method, the test period in step S3 is 12 months, 4 days are randomly selected for testing each month, and a total of 12×4 groups of data are obtained. The unit of illuminance is defined as lx, and the illuminance under normal conditions is between 100lx and 3000lx;

[0080] The measured data are processed to obtain a series of results:

[0081] Daylight autonomy (DA 300 ), which measures the adequacy of daylight in a room:

[0082]

[0083] Where, t E≥300 is the time when the sunlight illuminance value is at least 300lx, and T is the total measurement time;

[0084] DA 300 The spatialized version of the illumination is greater than 300 and the percentage of building area to total area is ≥ 50%, as follows:

[0085]

[0086] Where n DA300≥50％ The number of sensors whose illumination is greater than 300 for more than 50% of the total measurement time, n total is the total number of sensor points in the room;

[0087] Useful daylight intensity (UDI) is used to measure the effective daylight intensity during the entire measurement time. Buildings that use photovoltaic building integration are UDI 100～3000 ≥80%:

[0088]

[0089] Where, t E＝100～3000 is the time when the sunlight illumination value is 100lx~3000lx, and T is the total measurement time;

[0090] In a set of data, the average value of all test points is:

[0091]

[0092] The illumination of office space should meet the use requirements, generally 500 ~ 1000lx, so increase the average effective daylight used in office space:

[0093]

[0094] In addition, to control excessive daylight that may increase the risk of visual discomfort, the indicator UDI>3000 is also considered:

[0095]

[0096] Where, t E>3000 is the time when the sunlight illuminance value is greater than 3000lx, and T is the total measurement time;

[0097] In a set of data, the average value of all test points is:

[0098]

[0099] Annual solar exposure (ASE), that is, the percentage of test points with an illuminance exceeding 1000 lx to all test points during the planned use time:

[0100]

[0101] Where n SE1000lx≥250h is the number of light sensors where the direct sunlight illuminance is at least 1000 lx for more than 250 hours per year, n total is the total number of sensor points in the room. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the daylight autonomy (DA 300 ) only reflects the proportional relationship between the test points, but each test point represents a different area of ​​the building interior, so the DA 300 The spatialized version of the equation takes into account the area represented by different measuring points for comprehensive calculation. Calculating the corresponding parameters facilitates the subsequent calculation of F1, F2, and F3.

[0102] Preferably, in step S4 of the above method, the four sets of data measured each month are integrated and calculated according to the above method to obtain 12 sets of data for one year; a combined formula for measuring the comprehensive light intensity and light energy conversion of the building surface is further calculated, and considering the complex characteristics of different cities and different regions, three calculation methods F1, F2, and F3 are set:

[0103]

[0104] All 12 sets of data are processed by this method to obtain 12 sets of F1, F2, and F3 data values. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the comprehensive light energy utilization value is obtained by processing.

[0105] Preferably, in the above method, the 12 groups of Fx (x∈1,2,3) calculated in step S5 are enlarged to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization value F in the first half of the decade. 1,max 、F 2,max 、F 3,max ,

[0106]

[0107] F x,max =μ T +1.4α T ;

[0108] Where a j and b j is the preferred value based on the probability density function, Fx can be calculated in the above formula, α T and μ T It is the transition function in the formula. Those skilled in the art can understand that further data processing is performed to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization value of the first fifty years, and specifically the 12 groups of Fx (x∈1,2,3) calculated are used for amplification.

[0109] Preferably, in step S6 of the above method, the landform where the test building is located is divided into four categories according to the roughness, namely, I, II, III, and IV, and the comprehensive light energy utilization value calculation methods are respectively:

[0110] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that, considering the different environments in which the tested buildings are located, the light energy utilization rate on the building surface will be affected. In order to ensure the accuracy of the data, the comprehensive light energy utilization values ​​under different landforms are calculated according to the above formula.

[0111] Preferably, in step S6 of the above method, Category I refers to offshore sea surface, islands, coasts, lake shores and desert areas; Category II refers to fields, villages, jungles, hills and towns and suburbs with relatively sparse houses; Category III refers to urban areas with dense buildings; Category IV refers to urban areas with dense buildings and taller houses. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, considering the different environments in which the tested buildings are located, the utilization rate of light energy on the building surface will be affected. In order to ensure the accuracy of the data, the present method preferably classifies the landforms in which the tested buildings are located according to the degree of roughness, so as to facilitate the subsequent classification and calculation of the comprehensive light energy utilization value. The specific classification is that Category I refers to offshore sea surface, islands, coasts, lake shores and desert areas; Category II refers to fields, villages, jungles, hills and towns and suburbs with relatively sparse houses; Category III refers to urban areas with dense buildings; Category IV refers to urban areas with dense buildings and taller houses.

[0112] Preferably, in step S1 of the above method, the upper 1 / 3 area of ​​the high-rise building 3 is selected for testing. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, considering the problem of shading by the adjacent buildings, this method preferably selects an area with better lighting for testing, and in order to increase the lighting area, the upper 1 / 3 area of ​​the high-rise building 3 is actually preferably selected for testing.

[0113] Example

[0114] Taking the main tower of Chengdu International Railway Port Import and Export Commodity Exhibition and Trading Center (unfinished) in Class II landform as an example, the illumination in the east, south, west and north of the building was measured by an illuminance meter. The original illumination data of one day is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 , and then the average illuminance E0 is 549.13. Its parameters such as daylight factor (DF), daylight autonomy (DA), and useful day width (UDI) can be calculated by programming the illuminance data in Matlab. Figure 6 . And aj and bj are the values ​​selected based on the probability density function, and their values ​​are shown in the table:

[0115] j a b 1 0.188361 -0.312840 2 0.141833 -0.097086 3 0.119838 -0.035655 4 0.103673 0.000534 5 0.090455 0.024548 6 0.079018 0.041278 7 0.068747 0.053053 8 0.059266 0.061112 9 0.050303 0.066122 10 0.041628 0.068357 11 0.032984 0.067671 12 0.023894 0.062906

[0116] Then, we can calculate F x,maxThe calculation process is realized by Matlab programming. Since the building is located in Class II landform according to the geomorphological environment information, it should be calculated according to F Ⅱ The calculation formula is used to calculate, and finally the comprehensive light energy utilization value on the four surfaces is obtained:

[0117] Orientation Comprehensive light energy utilization value north 58.3 East 61.5 south 67.6 west 59.4

[0118] From the above, it can be seen that the building is suitable for choosing the south side as the best orientation for integrated building facade photovoltaics.

Claims

1. A method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building, characterized in that The steps include: S1. Determine the high-rise building (3), select the upper area of ​​the high-rise building (3) for testing, and calculate the illuminance of the building exterior surface in the test area (1); S2. In the test area (1) of the high-rise building (3), a first floor is selected for indoor lighting testing, and a light intensity test point is set indoors. The light intensity at the test point is measured, and the daylight factor of the test point is calculated; S3. Install a building integrated photovoltaic panel outside the building test layer and conduct synchronous tests on illumination, voltage and current; S4, integrating the data measured each month and calculating according to the above method to obtain the data for one year; Calculate the combined formula to measure the comprehensive light intensity and light energy conversion of the building surface; S5. Enlarging the calculated data to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization value in the first half of the decade; S6. Classify the landform where the test building is located according to the roughness, and calculate the comprehensive light energy utilization value of buildings in different landforms; S7, repeating steps S3 to S6 to compare the calculated comprehensive light energy utilization values, and taking the highest side as the best orientation for integrated photovoltaics on the facade of the high-rise building (3).

2. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, illuminance meters are installed on the central axes (2) of the four outer surfaces of the high-rise building (3), and the illuminance on the four surfaces is measured to be E1, E2, E3, and E4 respectively, and the illuminance of the outer surface of the building is calculated to be E0=(E1+E2+E3+E4) / 4.

3. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation method of the test points in step S2 is related to the building structure type; for high-rise buildings with a core tube (3), the test points are arranged in a circle around the core tube and are located at the midpoint between the core tube and the outer surface of the building; for high-rise buildings without a core tube (3), the test points are arranged in a 3×3 manner and are located at the 1 / 4, 1 / 2, and 3 / 4 positions respectively.

4. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the daylight factor (DF) of the test point is calculated: In the formula, E i is the illuminance at the test point, and E0 is the illuminance on the exterior surface of the building.

5. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the test cycle is 12 months, and 4 days are randomly selected for testing each month, so that a total of 12×4 groups of data are obtained. The unit of illuminance is defined as lx, and the illuminance under normal conditions is between 100lx and 3000lx; The measured data are processed to obtain a series of results: Daylight autonomy (DA 300 ), which measures the adequacy of daylight in a room: Where, t E ≥300 is the time when the sunlight illuminance value is at least 300lx, and T is the total measurement time; DA 300 The spatialized version, where the illumination is greater than 300 and the percentage of building area to total area is ≥50%, is as follows: In the formula, The number of sensors whose illumination is greater than 300 for more than 50% of the total measurement time, n total is the total number of sensor points in the room; Useful daylight intensity (UDI) is used to measure the effective daylight intensity during the entire measurement time. Buildings that use photovoltaic building integration are UDI 100～3000 ≥80%: In the formula, t E＝100～3000 is the time when the sunlight illumination value is 100lx~3000lx, and T is the total measurement time; In a set of data, the average value of all test points is: The illumination of office space should meet the use requirements, generally 500 ~ 1000lx, so the average effective daylight used in office space is increased: In addition, to control excessive daylight that may increase the risk of visual discomfort, the indicator UDI>3000 is also considered: Where, t E>3000 is the time when the sunlight illuminance value is greater than 3000lx, and T is the total measurement time; In a set of data, the average value of all test points is: Annual solar exposure (ASE), that is, the percentage of test points with an illuminance exceeding 1000 lx to all test points during the planned use time: Where n SE1000lx≥250h is the number of light sensors where the direct sunlight illuminance is at least 1000 lx for more than 250 hours per year, n total is the total number of sensor points in the room.

6. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the four sets of data measured each month are integrated and calculated according to the above method to obtain 12 sets of data for one year; the combined formula for measuring the comprehensive light intensity and light energy conversion of the building surface is further calculated, and considering the complex characteristics of different cities and different regions, three calculation methods F1, F2, and F3 are set: All 12 sets of data are processed using this method to obtain 12 sets of F1, F2, and F3 data values.

7. A method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 6, characterized in that: The 12 groups of Fx (x∈1,2,3) calculated in step S5 are enlarged to obtain the comprehensive light energy utilization value F in the first half of the decade. 1,max 、F 2,max 、F 3,max , F x,max =μ T +1.4a T ; Among them, a j and b j is the preferred value based on the probability density function, Fx can be calculated in the above formula, α T and μ T is the transition function in the formula.

8. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S6, the landform where the test building is located is divided into four categories according to the roughness: I, II, III, and IV, and the calculation methods of the comprehensive light energy utilization value are:

9. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S6, Category I refers to offshore seas, islands, coasts, lake shores and desert areas; Category II refers to fields, villages, jungles, hills and towns and urban suburbs with relatively sparse houses; Category III refers to urban areas with densely packed buildings; Category IV refers to urban areas with densely packed buildings and taller houses.

10. The method for determining the optimal orientation of integrated photovoltaics on the facade of a high-rise building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the upper 1 / 3 area of ​​the high-rise building (3) is selected for testing.

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