Preparation process of novel electronic candle

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a novel electronic candle, which relates to the technical field of preparation processes of novel electronic candles and comprises an LM358 integrated circuit, an LDR (light dependent resistor), a 1M resistor, a 1K resistor, a light emitting diode, a polar tube, a 10K pot, a 12V female direct-current power jack, a 12V adapter, card paper, a perforated plate and an LM358-operational amplifier comparator. The feedstock processing comprises the following steps: the brain behind the circuit is an LM358IC, which acts as a comparator in this particular design. The sensitivity of the LDR can be adjusted by adjusting the potentiometer, the resistance of the LDR can be increased to megohm and reduced to hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of hundreds of In the dark, the resistance of the LED can be increased to megohm, and compared with a 10K pot, the resistance of the LED can be increased to megohm, so that the LED can emit light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of a preparation process for a novel electronic candle, and in particular to a preparation process for a novel electronic candle. Background Art

[0002] Electronic candle lights, also known as electronic LED candle lights and colorful candle lights, have evolved from simple LED wicks made by simulating the shape of candles at the beginning to the 4th and 5th generation of wind-blowing and voice-controlled candle lights. Their functions are becoming more and more powerful, and they can project, sense sound, and sense wind. There are more and more colors, and they tend to be personalized and gift-oriented.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN113071028A discloses a new type of electronic candle preparation process. It only solves the traditional electronic candle preparation process, and the mold used is fixed. According to the different models of electronic candles, the mold can only be replaced, and in the preparation process, the mold needs to be reversed, which greatly reduces the efficiency. Therefore, an improved technology is urgently needed to solve this problem in the prior art.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems: The prior art voltage comparator is used to compare two voltages and find out which one is greater than the other, and then changes the output to a high level or a low level according to the voltage, so as to achieve the problem of unstable output and input ground; the prior art does not combine the problems of LDR (light dependent resistor), 1M and 1K resistors, light-emitting diodes, 10K pots, 12V female DC power jack and 12V adapter to achieve the problem of reducing the voltage loss caused by resistance loss and ensuring that the resistance connected to the LDR is megohm; the prior art also does not solve the problem that the voltage at both ends of the in-phase signal is very low, because we have connected a 10K potentiometer, so in this case, the output voltage is also low, so the LED will not turn on, but in dark conditions, the resistance will increase to megohms, which is very high compared to the 10K pot, so the LED will glow. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a novel preparation process of an electronic candle to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A preparation process of a novel electronic candle includes LM358 integrated circuit, LDR (light-dependent resistor), 1M and 1K resistors, light-emitting, diode, 10K pot, 12V female DC power jack and 12V adapter, card stock and perforated board, LM358 – operational amplifier comparator, and the raw material processing includes the following steps: The brains behind this circuit is the LM358 IC, which acts as a comparator in this particular design. Before we dive in, let’s briefly look at the LM358, which is an Operational Amplifier (OpAmp) IC. This IC consists of two operational amplifiers that can handle voltages between 3.3V and 32V and has a very low supply current consumption of 500μA. Here’s what the IC looks like inside: Figure 1 As shown; It is commonly used to build simple comparator and amplifier circuits and can also be found in active filter circuits, waveform shapers, etc. In this project, we will use LM358 as a voltage comparator. A voltage comparator is used to compare two voltages and find out which one is greater than the other and then turns the output high or low based on that voltage. So, if we apply a voltage to the inverting and non-inverting inputs and if the voltage on the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage on the inverting input, then the output becomes high and vice versa, the output becomes low. This project works exactly on this principle and the voltage comparison formula is as follows: VOUT=AO(Vin+-Vin-) Where AO is the open-loop gain of the operational amplifier, Vin+ is the input voltage at the non-inverting input, and Vin- is the input voltage at the inverting input. Therefore, if Vin+ is greater than Vin-, the output will be high, otherwise it will be low; Figure 2 shown.

[0007] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is: LDR: If the op-amp is the brain of our circuit, then the LDR is the sense organ. A light dependent resistor (LDR) or photoresistor is a light controlled resistor whose resistance decreases as the light intensity increases and vice versa. Actually, when light is incident on the LDR, the semiconductor absorbs the photons of light and the bonding electrons transition to the conduction band. Due to photoconductivity, the resistance decreases. The circuit diagram and description of the circuit are not difficult.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: Figure 3 As shown, connect a 1K resistor to pin 1 of the IC and then connect the positive leg of the LED to this resistor and the negative leg to ground, now connect the middle pin of the 10K potentiometer to pin 2 of the IC and connect ground and 12V to the remaining pins of the potentiometer, connect a 1M resistor to 12V and connect the LDR in series with this resistor.

[0009] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is: Now, connect the other end of the LDR to the ground of the circuit, connect the common point of the LDR and the 1M resistor to pin 3 of the IC, connect 12V to pin 8 and ground to pin 4 of the IC, and you are ready, you don't need to be very picky about the resistors, we have already connected them, but make sure the resistor connected to the LDR is megohms and the resistor with the LED is a few thousand.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that we built the complete circuit on a dummy board to make it compact and easy to use. This is really a simple circuit. You just need to improve your soldering skills and start designing it. First, install the 12V female DC power jack on the perforated board. Keep the pin configuration of this jack in mind when designing the circuit.

[0011] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is: Intelligent electric candle - working: After designing the circuit on the perf board and soldering it, connect the 12V adapter to the female jack and your LED must glow, now, to calibrate the comparator, adjust the 10K potentiometer to a level where the LED just turns off, now cover the LDR with your hand and you will see that the LED lights up, you can adjust the sensitivity of the LDR by adjusting the potentiometer.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is: Now, let's understand how this candle works. As we already know, in the dark, the resistance of the LDR will increase to megohms, and decrease to a few hundred ohms as the light intensity increases. Therefore, since the resistance is very low, the voltage across the non-inverting signal is very low compared to the inverting end. Because we have connected a 10K potentiometer, the output voltage is also low in this case, so the LED will not turn on, but in the dark, the resistance will increase to megohms, which is very high compared to the 10K pot, so the LED will glow.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that adjusting the potentiometer will manipulate the sensitivity, by sensitivity, I mean at what intensity of light your comparator turns on the LED, if you adjust the pot close to the LED then it will also detect tiny darkness, but if you adjust it far away before the LED lights up, then it will only detect high darkness, you can also test the sensitivity by putting your hand in front of the LDR, if it detects your hand far away, it is highly sensitive, if you need to cover it to light up the LED, it is not so sensitive.

[0014] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that if you want to use more than one LED, then this is not a problem, connect two or three LEDs in series and finally connect them to the position where we connected a single LED which is perfect, but make sure that your comparator can provide enough current to power all the LEDs.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that to make a candle, you can use anything to cover the LED, I have used card paper and tissue paper, roll up the card according to the size of the LED, cut it into a flame shape or any shape you want from it to make it look attractive, cover the LED with this candle, and you have made your own smart electronic candle.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art: The present invention provides a preparation process of a novel electronic candle, which adopts the mutual cooperation between the LM358 integrated circuit and the LM358-operational amplifier comparator. The IC is composed of two operational amplifiers, can withstand a voltage between 3.3V and 32V, and has an extremely low power supply current consumption of 500μA. The voltage comparator is used to compare two voltages and find out which one is greater than the other, and then the output is changed to a high level or a low level according to the voltage, so as to achieve the function of smooth output and input.

[0017] The present invention provides a novel process for preparing electronic candles, using LDR (light dependent resistor), 1M and 1K resistors, light emitting, diodes, 10K pots, 12V female DC power jack and 12V adapter to cooperate with each other, through which the resistance will decrease with the increase of light intensity and when light is incident on the LDR, the semiconductor will absorb the photons of light, and the bonding electrons will transition to the conduction band, and due to photoconductivity, the resistance will decrease. Connect a 1K resistor to pin 1 of the IC, then connect the positive pole of the LED to this resistor and the negative pole to ground, now connect the middle pin of the 10K potentiometer to pin 2 of the IC, and connect ground and 12V to the remaining pins of the potentiometer, connect a 1M resistor to 12V, and connect the LDR in series with this resistor and make sure to be very picky about the resistors, after they have been connected, but make sure that the resistor connected to the LDR is megohms and the resistor with the LED is several thousand.

[0018] The present invention provides a novel preparation process of an electronic candle, which adopts the mutual cooperation between a 12V adapter, a 10K potentiometer, and the resistance of an LDR. The sensitivity of the LDR can be adjusted by adjusting the potentiometer. The resistance of the LDR will increase to megaohms, and decrease to several hundred ohms as the light intensity increases. Therefore, since the resistance is very low, the voltage across the in-phase signal is very low compared to the inverting end. Because we have connected a 10K potentiometer, in this case, the output voltage is also low, so the LED will not turn on, but in the dark, the resistance will increase to megaohms, which is very high compared to the 10K pot, so the LED will glow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal appearance structure of the IC of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the open-loop gain structure of the operational amplifier of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the complete circuit structure of the electronic candle of the present invention. Implementation

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments: Example

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a novel preparation process of an electronic candle, including an LM358 integrated circuit, an LDR (light-dependent resistor), 1M and 1K resistors, a light-emitting diode, a 10K pot, a 12V female DC power jack and a 12V adapter, card paper and a perforated board, and an LM358-operational amplifier comparator, characterized in that the raw material processing includes the following steps: The brains behind this circuit is the LM358 IC, which acts as a comparator in this particular design. Before we dive in, let’s briefly look at the LM358, which is an Operational Amplifier (OpAmp) IC. This IC consists of two operational amplifiers that can handle voltages between 3.3V and 32V and has a very low supply current consumption of 500μA. Here’s what the IC looks like inside: Figure 1 As shown; It is commonly used to build simple comparator and amplifier circuits and can also be found in active filter circuits, waveform shapers, etc. In this project, we will use LM358 as a voltage comparator. A voltage comparator is used to compare two voltages and find out which one is greater than the other and then turns the output high or low based on that voltage. So, if we apply a voltage to the inverting and non-inverting inputs and if the voltage on the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage on the inverting input, then the output becomes high and vice versa, the output becomes low. This project works exactly on this principle and the voltage comparison formula is as follows: VOUT=AO(Vin+-Vin-) Where AO is the open-loop gain of the operational amplifier, Vin+ is the input voltage at the non-inverting input, and Vin- is the input voltage at the inverting input. Therefore, if Vin+ is greater than Vin-, the output will be high, otherwise it will be low; Figure 2 shown. Example

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, LDR: If the op-amp is the brain of our circuit, then the LDR is the sense organ. A light dependent resistor (LDR) or photoresistor is a light controlled resistor whose resistance decreases as the light intensity increases and vice versa. Actually, when light is incident on the LDR, the semiconductor absorbs the photons of light and the bonding electrons transition to the conduction band. Due to photoconductivity, the resistance decreases. The circuit diagram and description of the circuit are not difficult.

[0023] Circuit Figure 3 As shown, connect a 1K resistor to pin 1 of the IC and then connect the positive leg of the LED to this resistor and the negative leg to ground, now connect the middle pin of the 10K potentiometer to pin 2 of the IC and connect ground and 12V to the remaining pins of the potentiometer, connect a 1M resistor to 12V and connect the LDR in series with this resistor.

[0024] Now connect the other end of the LDR to the ground of the circuit, connect the common point of the LDR and the 1M resistor to pin 3 of the IC, connect 12V to pin 8 and ground to pin 4 of the IC and you are ready, you don't need to be very picky about the resistors, we have already connected them but make sure the resistor connected to the LDR is megohms and the resistor with the LED is a few thousand. Example

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, we build the complete circuit on a dummy board to make it compact and easy to use. This is really a simple circuit. You just need to improve your soldering skills and start designing it. First, install the 12V female DC power jack on the perforated board. Keep the pin configuration of this jack in mind when designing the circuit.

[0026] Smart Electric Candle-Working: After designing the circuit on the perf board and soldering it, connect the 12V adapter to the female jack and your LED must glow, now, to calibrate the comparator, adjust the 10K potentiometer to a level where the LED just turns off, now cover the LDR with your hand and you will see that the LED lights up, you can adjust the sensitivity of the LDR by adjusting the potentiometer.

[0027] Now, let's understand how this candle works, as we already know that in darkness the resistance of the LDR increases to megohms and decreases to a few hundred ohms as the light intensity increases, so since the resistance is very low the voltage across the non-inverting signal is very low compared to the inverting end, and since we have connected a 10K pot, the output voltage in this case is also low, so the LED does not turn on, but in darkness the resistance increases to megohms, which is very high compared to the 10K pot, so the LED glows. Example

[0028] like Figure 1-3 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, adjusting the potentiometer will manipulate the sensitivity, by sensitivity, I mean at what intensity of light your comparator turns on the LED, if you adjust the pot close to the LED, then it will also detect tiny darkness, but if you adjust it far away before the LED lights up, then it will only detect high darkness, you can also test the sensitivity by putting your hand in front of the LDR, if it detects your hand far away, it is highly sensitive, if you need to cover it to light up the LED, it is not so sensitive.

[0029] If you want to use multiple LEDs then it's not a problem, connect two or three LEDs in series and connect them at the end where we connected a single LED it's perfect but make sure your comparator can provide enough current to power all the LEDs.

[0030] To make the candle you can use anything to cover the LED, I have used card stock and tissue paper, roll up the card according to the size of the LED and cut a flame shape from it or any shape you want to make it look attractive, cover the LED with this and you have made your own smart electronic candle.

[0031] The working principle of the preparation process of the novel electronic candle is described in detail below.

[0032] like Figure 1-3As shown, it includes LM358 integrated circuit, LDR (light-dependent resistor), 1M and 1K resistors, light-emitting diodes, 10K pots, 12V female DC power jack and 12V adapter, card stock and perforated board, LM358- operational amplifier comparator, characterized in that the raw material processing includes the following steps: The brains behind this circuit is the LM358 IC, which acts as a comparator in this particular design. Before we dive in, let’s briefly look at the LM358, which is an Operational Amplifier (OpAmp) IC. This IC consists of two operational amplifiers that can handle voltages between 3.3V and 32V and has a very low supply current consumption of 500μA. Here’s what the IC looks like inside: Figure 1 As shown; It is commonly used to build simple comparator and amplifier circuits and can also be found in active filter circuits, waveform shapers, etc. In this project, we will use LM358 as a voltage comparator. A voltage comparator is used to compare two voltages and find out which one is greater than the other and then turns the output high or low based on that voltage. So, if we apply a voltage to the inverting and non-inverting inputs and if the voltage on the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage on the inverting input, then the output becomes high and vice versa, the output becomes low. This project works exactly on this principle and the voltage comparison formula is as follows: VOUT=AO(Vin+-Vin-) Where AO is the open-loop gain of the operational amplifier, Vin+ is the input voltage at the non-inverting input, and Vin- is the input voltage at the inverting input. Therefore, if Vin+ is greater than Vin-, the output will be high, otherwise it will be low; Figure 2 As shown. LDR: If the op-amp is the brain of our circuit, then the LDR is the sense organ. A light dependent resistor (LDR) or photoresistor is a light controlled resistor whose resistance decreases as the light intensity increases and vice versa. Actually, when light is incident on the LDR, the semiconductor absorbs the photons of light and the bonding electrons transition to the conduction band. Due to photoconductivity, the resistance decreases. The circuit diagram and description of the circuit are not difficult.

[0033] Circuit Figure 3 As shown, connect a 1K resistor to pin 1 of the IC and then connect the positive leg of the LED to this resistor and the negative leg to ground, now connect the middle pin of the 10K potentiometer to pin 2 of the IC and connect ground and 12V to the remaining pins of the potentiometer, connect a 1M resistor to 12V and connect the LDR in series with this resistor.

[0034] Now connect the other end of the LDR to the ground of the circuit, connect the common point of the LDR and the 1M resistor to pin 3 of the IC, connect 12V to pin 8 and ground to pin 4 of the IC and you are ready, you don't need to be very picky about the resistors, we have already connected them but make sure the resistor connected to the LDR is megohms and the resistor with the LED is a few thousand.

[0035] We have built the complete circuit on a dummy board to make it compact and easy to use, it really is a simple circuit, you just need to brush up on your soldering skills and start designing it, first, mount the 12V female DC power jack on the perfboard, keep in mind the pin configuration of this jack while designing your circuit.

[0036] Smart Electric Candle-Working: After designing the circuit on the perf board and soldering it, connect the 12V adapter to the female jack and your LED must glow, now, to calibrate the comparator, adjust the 10K potentiometer to a level where the LED just turns off, now cover the LDR with your hand and you will see that the LED lights up, you can adjust the sensitivity of the LDR by adjusting the potentiometer.

[0037] Now, let's understand how this candle works, as we already know that in darkness the resistance of the LDR increases to megohms and decreases to a few hundred ohms as the light intensity increases, so since the resistance is very low the voltage across the non-inverting signal is very low compared to the inverting end, and since we have connected a 10K pot, the output voltage in this case is also low, so the LED does not turn on, but in darkness the resistance increases to megohms, which is very high compared to the 10K pot, so the LED glows.

[0038] Adjusting the potentiometer will manipulate the sensitivity, by sensitivity, I mean at what intensity of light your comparator will turn on the LED, if you adjust the pot close to the LED then it will detect tiny darkness as well, but if you adjust it far away before the LED lights up then it will only detect high darkness, you can also test the sensitivity by placing your hand in front of the LDR, if it detects your hand far away, it is highly sensitive, if you need to cover it to light up the LED, it is not that sensitive.

[0039] If you want to use multiple LEDs then it's not a problem, connect two or three LEDs in series and connect them at the end where we connected a single LED it's perfect but make sure your comparator can provide enough current to power all the LEDs.

[0040] To make the candle you can use anything to cover the LED, I have used card stock and tissue paper, roll up the card according to the size of the LED and cut a flame shape from it or any shape you want to make it look attractive, cover the LED with this and you have made your own smart electronic candle.

[0041] The above generally describes the present invention in detail, but it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation process of a novel electronic candle, comprising LM358 integrated circuit, LDR (light-dependent resistor), 1M and 1K resistors, light-emitting, diode, 10K pot, 12V female DC power jack and 12V adapter, card stock and perforated board, LM358 – operational amplifier comparator, characterized in that: Raw material processing includes the following steps: The brains behind this circuit is the LM358 IC, which acts as a comparator in this particular design. Before we dive in, let’s briefly examine the LM358, which is an Operational Amplifier (OpAmp) IC. This IC consists of two operational amplifiers that can handle voltages between 3.3V and 32V and has a very low supply current consumption of 500μA. The internal appearance of the IC is shown in Figure 1 below. It is commonly used to build simple comparator and amplifier circuits and can also be found in active filter circuits, waveform shapers, etc. In this project, we will use LM358 as a voltage comparator. A voltage comparator is used to compare two voltages and find out which one is greater than the other and then turns the output high or low based on that voltage. So, if we apply a voltage to the inverting and non-inverting inputs and if the voltage on the non-inverting input is greater than the voltage on the inverting input, then the output becomes high and vice versa, the output becomes low. This project works exactly on this principle and the voltage comparison formula is as follows: VOUT=AO(Vin+-Vin-) Where AO is the open-loop gain of the operational amplifier, Vin+ is the input voltage of the non-inverting input terminal, and Vin- is the input voltage of the inverting input terminal. Therefore, if Vin+ is greater than Vin-, the output will be high, otherwise it will be low; as shown in Figure 2.

2. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 1, characterized in that: LDR: If the op-amp is the brain of our circuit, then the LDR is the sense organ. A light dependent resistor (LDR) or photoresistor is a light controlled resistor whose resistance decreases as the light intensity increases and vice versa. Actually, when light is incident on the LDR, the semiconductor absorbs the photons of light and the bonding electrons transition to the conduction band. Due to photoconductivity, the resistance decreases. The circuit diagram and description of the circuit are not difficult.

3. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 1, characterized in that: As shown in circuit diagram 3, connect a 1K resistor to pin 1 of the IC and then connect the positive leg of the LED to this resistor and the negative leg to ground, now connect the middle pin of the 10K potentiometer to pin 2 of the IC and connect ground and 12V to the remaining pins of the potentiometer, connect a 1M resistor to 12V and connect the LDR in series with this resistor.

4. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 3, characterized in that: Now connect the other end of the LDR to the ground of the circuit, connect the common point of the LDR and the 1M resistor to pin 3 of the IC, connect 12V to pin 8 and ground to pin 4 of the IC and you are ready, you don't need to be very picky about the resistors, we have already connected them but make sure the resistor connected to the LDR is megohms and the resistor with the LED is a few thousand.

5. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 1, characterized in that: We have built the complete circuit on a dummy board to make it compact and easy to use, it really is a simple circuit, you just need to brush up on your soldering skills and start designing it, first, mount the 12V female DC power jack on the perfboard, keep in mind the pin configuration of this jack while designing your circuit.

6. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Smart Electric Candle-Working: After designing the circuit on the perf board and soldering it, connect the 12V adapter to the female jack and your LED must glow, now, to calibrate the comparator, adjust the 10K potentiometer to a level where the LED just turns off, now cover the LDR with your hand and you will see that the LED lights up, you can adjust the sensitivity of the LDR by adjusting the potentiometer.

7. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 6, characterized in that: Now, let's understand how this candle works, as we already know that in darkness the resistance of the LDR increases to megohms and decreases to a few hundred ohms as the light intensity increases, so since the resistance is very low the voltage across the non-inverting signal is very low compared to the inverting end, and since we have connected a 10K pot, the output voltage in this case is also low, so the LED does not turn on, but in darkness the resistance increases to megohms, which is very high compared to the 10K pot, so the LED glows.

8. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 6, characterized in that: Adjusting the potentiometer will manipulate the sensitivity, by sensitivity, I mean at what intensity of light your comparator will turn on the LED, if you adjust the pot close to the LED then it will detect tiny darkness as well, but if you adjust it far away before the LED lights up then it will only detect high darkness, you can also test the sensitivity by placing your hand in front of the LDR, if it detects your hand far away, it is highly sensitive, if you need to cover it to light up the LED, it is not that sensitive.

9. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 1, characterized in that: If you want to use multiple LEDs then it's not a problem, connect two or three LEDs in series and connect them at the end where we connected a single LED it's perfect but make sure your comparator can provide enough current to power all the LEDs.

10. The preparation process of a novel electronic candle according to claim 9, characterized in that: To make the candle you can use anything to cover the LED, I have used card stock and tissue paper, roll up the card according to the size of the LED and cut a flame shape from it or any shape you want to make it look attractive, cover the LED with this and you have made your own smart electronic candle.

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