Crankshaft assembly curved bar coaxiality automatic calibration device

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, low detection precision, easy damage to a crankshaft assembly and the like of a crankshaft assembly and curved bar coaxiality calibration method in the prior art, the invention provides a crankshaft assembly and curved bar coaxiality automatic calibration device, which comprises a base plate, a positioning plate, a top seat, a detection assembly, a top pressing assembly and a controller, trapezoidal sliding grooves are formed in the two sides of the surface of the base plate respectively. The two positioning plates are strip-shaped plates with arc-shaped notches in the tops, and are vertically fixed on the inner side of the trapezoidal slide way at intervals; the two top seats are of a floating structure and are installed on the trapezoidal sliding grooves of the base plate in a mirror symmetry mode. The four detection assemblies are installed on the front side of the base plate at intervals. And the jacking assembly is fixed on the base plate. The crankshaft assembly curved bar coaxiality automatic calibration device has the beneficial technical effects that the curved bar coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly can be automatically detected and calibrated, the calibration efficiency is improved, the detection precision is low, and the crankshaft assembly is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crankshaft assembly crankshaft coaxiality inspection technology, in particular to a crankshaft assembly crankshaft coaxiality automatic inspection device. Background Art

[0002] The engine crankshaft contains four main components, namely the left crank, the right crank, the crank shaft and the connecting rod. The shapes of the left crank and the right crank are roughly the same, both including a crank disk and a crank rod; the crank rod is arranged at the center of the crank disk, and a crank shaft through hole is arranged at an eccentric position of the crank disk. The left crank and the right crank are connected as a whole through the crank shaft, and the connecting rod is mounted on the crank shaft, thereby forming the engine crankshaft. Usually, the left crank, the right crank and the crank shaft are fixedly connected as a whole by the interference fit of the crank shaft through holes on the left crank and the right crank and the crank shaft, and the connecting rod is mounted on the middle section of the crank shaft to form a sliding or rotatable fit. After the engine crankshaft is assembled, the bearings, gears, oil slingers and other components must be pressed onto the crank rod by interference fit in several times to complete the assembly of the engine crankshaft assembly (see attached Figure 1 , in the figure, a is the left crank, b is the right crank, c is the crankshaft, d is the connecting rod, e is the bearing, f is the gear, and g is the oil slinger). One of the key technical parameters of the engine crankshaft assembly is the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly crankshaft, that is, the degree of deviation of the crankshaft axes of the left crank and the right crank on the same straight line after assembly. In order to ensure the normal operation of the engine, the coaxiality of the left and right crankshafts must be guaranteed to meet the design requirements. Since the engine crankshaft itself is composed of four main parts pressed together, after several times of pressing of the parts, it is difficult to ensure that the coaxiality of the left and right crankshafts meets the design requirements. For this reason, manufacturers usually test the coaxiality of the left and right crankshafts of the crankshaft assembly one by one after the crankshaft assembly is assembled to ensure that the crankshaft assembly leaving the factory meets the design requirements. The prior art method for calibrating the coaxiality of a crankshaft assembly crankshaft comprises: clamping the crankshaft assembly on the clamp using a simple clamp, setting a plurality of micrometers at the end and the root of the crankshaft crankshaft, manually rotating the crankshaft assembly through a connecting rod, and observing the indication of the micrometer; when the indication of the micrometer exceeds the design requirement, manually striking the crank plate, clamping the crankshaft assembly on the clamp again, manually rotating the crankshaft assembly through a connecting rod, and observing the indication of the micrometer; and repeating this process until the indications of all micrometers meet the design requirements.

[0003] Obviously, the prior art method for calibrating the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly crankshaft has the problems of low efficiency, low detection accuracy and easy damage to the crankshaft assembly. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, low detection accuracy and easy damage to the crankshaft assembly in the prior art crankshaft assembly crankshaft coaxiality inspection method, the present invention proposes an automatic crankshaft assembly crankshaft coaxiality inspection device.

[0005] The automatic coaxiality calibration device of the crankshaft assembly crankshaft of the present invention comprises a base plate, a positioning plate, a top seat, a detection component, a top pressure component and a controller; the base plate is a rectangular plate, and trapezoidal slide grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the base plate surface; the positioning plate is a long strip plate with a circular arc notch on the top and is in two pieces, which are fixed on the inner side of the trapezoidal slide at vertical intervals; the diameter of the circular arc notch on the top of the positioning plate is the same as the diameter of the middle section of the crankshaft assembly crankshaft; the top seat is a floating structure and is in two pieces, which are mirror-symmetrically mounted on the trapezoidal slide groove of the base plate, and comprises a slide seat, a rotating shaft, a rocking plate, a top pin, a gear I, a motor I, a gear II, a cylinder I, a cylinder II and a cylinder seat; the slide seat is a rectangular body with a trapezoidal slide groove arranged on the bottom, which is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal slide groove of the base plate; the The rotating shaft is transversely fixed to the rear side of the upper surface of the slide seat through the rotating shaft seat; the rocking plate is rectangular and is fixed to the slide seat through the rotating shaft, a circular through hole is transversely arranged on the front side of the rocking plate, and a rectangular notch is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the rocking plate; the ejector pin is rotatably installed in the circular through hole of the rocking plate; the gear I is installed at the rear end of the ejector pin; the motor I is installed in the rectangular notch of the rocking plate; the gear II is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the motor I and meshes with the gear I; the piston of the cylinder I is installed upward at the inner corner of the front part of the slide seat, and the end of the piston is against the bottom of the rocking plate; the cylinder II is fixed to the base plate through the cylinder seat, and the end of the piston is connected to the outer side of the slide seat; there are four detection components, which are installed at intervals on the front side of the base plate, including a base, a hinge seat, an L-shaped support rod, a displacement sensor The device and the detection rod; the base is a rectangular parallelepiped, which is vertically mounted on the front side of the base plate; the hinge seat is arranged at the front end of the base; the cross-sectional shape of the L-shaped support rod is rectangular, and it is hinged on the hinge seat through the through hole at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical rods; the probe of the displacement sensor is vertically arranged upward between the bottom surface of the end of the L-shaped support rod crossbar and the surface of the base; the detection rod is a round rod, which is inserted and fixed in the through hole on the vertical rod of the L-shaped support rod; the top pressure assembly is fixed on the base plate, including a door-type bracket, a guide column, a slider, a guide plate, a slide plate, a cylinder III, a rack, a motor II and a gear III; the door-type bracket is two and is fixed on both sides of the base plate across the top seat, and two guide columns are arranged between the crossbeams of the door-type bracket; the slider is slidably mounted on the guide column; the guide plate is vertically fixed The slide plate is fixed at the bottom of the slide block, and a rectangular slide groove is provided on the guide plate; the slide plate is installed in the rectangular slide groove of the guide plate, and an arc-shaped notch with the same diameter as the crankshaft assembly crank plate diameter is provided at the bottom of the slide plate; the cylinder III is fixed on the bottom surface of the guide plate, and the piston end is connected to the top of the slide plate; the rack is installed between the crossbeams of the two door-shaped brackets; the motor II is vertically fixed on the inner side of the slide block; the gear III is fixed on the end of the motor II shaft and meshes with the rack; the switches or control valves of the motor I, motor II, cylinder I, cylinder II and cylinder III, and all displacement sensors are electrically connected to the controller; wherein, when the pistons of the cylinder I of the left and right ejector seats are both in the low position, the axes of the left ejector pin, the right ejector pin and the arc-shaped notch of the positioning plate are coaxial;When the pistons of the cylinders I of the left and right top seats are both in high positions, the detection rod of the detection assembly contacts the left end of the crankshaft assembly, the bearing, the right crank root and the bottom surface of the right end. ;

[0006] Furthermore, a limit plate is provided on the rear side of the top seat rotating shaft to limit the rocking plate from rotating to a position where the front end surface is flush with the end surface of the rotating shaft seat.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting rod bracket is provided on the base plate on the rear side of the positioning plate, and the connecting rod bracket includes a vertical rod and a horizontal rod; there are two vertical rods, which are respectively fixed on the base plates on the rear sides of the two positioning plates, and the horizontal rod is fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical rods.

[0008] The beneficial technical effect of the automatic inspection and calibration device for the crankshaft assembly crankshaft coaxiality of the present invention is that it can automatically detect and calibrate the crankshaft coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly, thereby improving the inspection and calibration efficiency and the detection accuracy, and avoiding damage to the crankshaft assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Attached Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the engine crankshaft assembly;

[0010] Attached Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the automatic coaxiality inspection device of the crankshaft assembly crankshaft of the present invention;

[0011] Attached Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another angle of the automatic coaxiality calibration device of the crankshaft assembly of the present invention;

[0012] Attached Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the base plate and the positioning plate of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0013] Attached Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top seat of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0014] Attached Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top seat of the calibration device of the present invention from another angle;

[0015] Attached Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the detection component of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0016] Attached Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top pressing assembly of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0017] Attached Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the calibration state of the calibration device of the present invention;

[0018] Attached Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the calibration state of the calibration device of the present invention from another angle.

[0019] In the figure, 1 is a base plate, 1-1 is a trapezoidal slideway; 2 is a positioning plate; 3 is a top seat, 3-1 is a slide seat, 3-2 is a rotating shaft, 3-3 is a rocking plate, 3-4 is a top pin, 3-5 is a gear Ⅰ, 3-6 is a motor Ⅰ, 3-7 is a gear Ⅱ, 3-8 is a cylinder Ⅰ, 3-9 is a cylinder Ⅱ, 3-10 is a cylinder seat, 3-11 is a limit plate; 4 is a detection component, 4-1 is a base, 4-2 is a hinged seat, 4-3 is an L-shaped support rod, 4-4 is a displacement sensor, 4-5 is a detection rod; 5 is a top pressure assembly, 5-1 is a door-type bracket, 5-2 is a guide column, 5-3 is a slider, 5-4 is a guide plate, 5-5 is a slide plate, 5-6 is a cylinder III, 5-7 is a rack, 5-8 is a motor II, 5-9 is a gear III; 6 is a connecting rod bracket; a is a left crank, b is a right crank, c is a crank shaft, d is a connecting rod, e is a bearing, f is a gear, and g is an oil-slinging pan; A is a crankshaft assembly.

[0020] The automatic coaxiality calibration device for the crankshaft of the crankshaft assembly of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the automatic coaxiality calibration device of the crankshaft assembly of the present invention includes a base plate 1, a positioning plate 2, a top seat, a detection component 4, a top pressure component 5 and a controller; the base plate is a rectangular plate, and trapezoidal slide grooves 1-1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the base plate surface; the positioning plate is a long strip plate with an arc-shaped notch on the top and is in two pieces, which are vertically fixed on the inner side of the trapezoidal slideway at intervals; the diameter of the arc-shaped notch on the top of the positioning plate is the same as the diameter of the middle section of the crankshaft assembly; the top seat is a floating structure and is in two pieces, which are mirror-symmetrically installed on the trapezoidal slide groove of the base plate, including a slide seat 3-1, a rotating shaft 3-2, a rocking plate 3-3, a top pin 3-4, a gear I 3-5, a motor I 3-6, a gear II 3-7, a cylinder I 3-8, a cylinder II 3-9 and cylinder seat 3-10; the slide is a rectangular body with a trapezoidal slideway at the bottom, and is slidably mounted on the trapezoidal slide groove of the base plate; the rotating shaft is transversely fixed to the rear side of the upper surface of the slide through the rotating shaft seat; the rocking plate is rectangular and is fixed to the slide through the rotating shaft, a circular through hole is transversely arranged on the front side of the rocking plate, and a rectangular notch is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the rocking plate; the ejector pin is rotatably mounted in the circular through hole of the rocking plate; the gear I is mounted on the rear end of the ejector pin; the motor I is mounted in the rectangular notch of the rocking plate; the gear II is mounted on the end of the rotating shaft of the motor I and meshes with the gear I; the piston of the cylinder I is mounted upward at the inner corner of the front part of the slide, and the end of the piston is against the bottom of the rocking plate; the cylinder II is fixed to the base plate through the cylinder seat, and the piston end The head is connected to the outer side of the slide; there are four detection components, which are installed at intervals on the front side of the substrate, including a base 4-1, an articulated seat 4-2, an L-shaped support rod 4-3, a displacement sensor 4-4 and a detection rod 4-5; the base is a rectangular parallelepiped, which is vertically installed on the front side of the substrate; the articulated seat is arranged at the front end of the base; the cross-sectional shape of the L-shaped support rod is rectangular, and is hinged on the articulated seat through the through hole at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical rods; the probe of the displacement sensor is vertically arranged upward between the bottom surface of the end of the L-shaped support rod cross bar and the surface of the base; the detection rod is a round rod, which is inserted and fixed in the through hole on the vertical rod of the L-shaped support rod; the top pressure component is fixed on the substrate, including a door-type bracket 5-1, a guide column 5-2, a slider 5-3, a guide plate 5-4, a slide plate 5-5, cylinder III 5-6, rack 5-7, motor II 5-8 and gear III 5-9; there are two door-type brackets and they are fixed on both sides of the base plate across the top seat, and two guide pillars are arranged between the crossbeams of the door-type brackets; the slider is slidably installed on the guide pillars; the guide plate is vertically fixed to the bottom of the slider, and a rectangular slide groove is arranged on the guide plate; the slide plate is installed in the rectangular slide groove of the guide plate, and an arc-shaped notch with the same diameter as the crankshaft assembly crank disk is arranged at the bottom of the slide plate; the cylinder III is fixed on the bottom surface of the guide plate, and the piston end is connected to the top of the slide plate; the rack is installed between the crossbeams of the two door-type brackets; the motor II is vertically fixed to the inner side of the slider; the gear III is fixed to the end of the motor II shaft and meshes with the rack;The switches or control valves of the motor I, motor II, cylinder I, cylinder II and cylinder III, and all displacement sensors are electrically connected to the controller; wherein, when the pistons of the cylinder I of the left and right top seats are both in a low position, the axes of the left ejector pin, the right ejector pin and the arc-shaped notch of the positioning plate are coaxial; when the pistons of the cylinder I of the left and right top seats are both in a high position, the detection rod of the detection assembly contacts the left end of the crankshaft assembly, the bearing, the right crank root and the bottom surface of the right end, respectively. When used specifically, the following steps are included: ① Place the crankshaft assembly to be inspected on the arc-shaped notch of the positioning plate (note that the side with the bearing installed is placed on the left side); ② Open cylinder II, cylinder II pushes the top seat to move forward, and the ejector pins enter the center holes of the left and right ends of the crankshaft assembly respectively; ③ Open cylinder I, the piston of cylinder I extends to a high position, pushes the rocker plate to rotate upward, and the crankshaft assembly leaves the positioning plate and is in a suspended state; ④ Open motor I to drive the ejector pin to drive the crankshaft assembly to rotate. Since the four detection rods are in contact with the bottom surfaces of the left end, bearing, right crank root and right end of the crankshaft assembly respectively, the slight fluctuations of the four points during rotation can be transmitted to the corresponding displacement sensors through the L-shaped support rod; thus, the rotation axis data of the four points are collected; the controller analyzes the rotation axis data of the four points; ⑤ Open cylinder I, The piston of cylinder I retracts to the low position and lowers the rocker plate; the crankshaft assembly returns to the positioning plate; at this time, if the rotation axis data of the four points meet the design requirements, the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly to be inspected meets the design requirements, the inspection is completed, and step ⑥ is continued; ⑥ Open cylinder II, cylinder II drives the top seat to move backward, and the ejector pins respectively withdraw from the center holes of the left and right ends of the crankshaft assembly to take out the inspected crankshaft assembly; otherwise, steps ⑦ and ⑧ are continued; ⑦ Turn on motor II; motor II drives the slider to move to the right until the slider stops directly above the crank disk of the left crank or the right crank of the crankshaft assembly according to the set requirements; ⑧ Open cylinder III, and the piston of cylinder III pushes the slider down to press the crank disk of the left crank or the right crank; after the pressing is completed, repeat steps ② to ⑥ until the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly to be inspected meets the design requirements. It should be noted that the pressing of the slider on the crank disk is relatively slight. During the top pressure, the crankshaft assembly may produce a slight up and down swing, at which time the top seat rocker plate is in a relaxed state (cylinder I is in a low position, and the rocker plate can move upward freely); therefore, it will not have an adverse effect on the top pressure effect of the slide plate. It can be seen that the automatic coaxiality inspection device for the crankshaft assembly of the present invention only needs to place the crankshaft assembly to be inspected on the arc-shaped notch of the positioning plate manually or by a manipulator, and the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly can be automatically inspected and calibrated under the control of the controller, thereby improving the inspection efficiency and detection accuracy; since no manual striking of the crank plate is used, the crankshaft assembly is prevented from being damaged. ;

[0022] See attached Figure 6As one of the preferred technical solutions, a limit plate 3-11 is provided at the rear side of the top seat shaft to limit the rocking plate from rotating to a position where the front end surface is flush with the end surface of the shaft seat. In this way, it can be ensured that each time the rocking plate is pushed upward by the cylinder I, it can stop at the set position, ensuring that the rocking plate is in the set position.

[0023] As one of the preferred technical solutions, a connecting rod bracket 6 is also provided on the base plate at the rear side of the positioning plate, and the connecting rod bracket includes a vertical rod and a horizontal rod; there are two vertical rods, which are respectively fixed on the base plates at the rear sides of the two positioning plates, and the horizontal rod is fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical rods. In this way, the connecting rod can be placed on the horizontal rod of the connecting rod bracket every time the crankshaft assembly to be inspected is placed. When the crankshaft assembly rotates, the connecting rod slides on the horizontal rod, and will not rotate to other positions with the crankshaft assembly, which will affect the inspection work.

[0024] Obviously, the beneficial technical effect of the automatic inspection and calibration device for the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly of the present invention is that it can automatically detect and calibrate the coaxiality of the crankshaft assembly, thereby improving the inspection and calibration efficiency and the detection accuracy, and avoiding damage to the crankshaft assembly.

Claims

1. An automatic coaxiality calibration device for a crankshaft assembly crankshaft, characterized in that: The calibration device includes a base plate, a positioning plate, a top seat, a detection component, a top pressure component and a controller; the base plate is a rectangular plate, and trapezoidal slide grooves are respectively arranged on both sides of the base plate surface; the positioning plate is a long strip plate with an arc-shaped notch on the top and is in two pieces, which are fixed on the inner side of the trapezoidal slide at vertical intervals; the diameter of the arc-shaped notch on the top of the positioning plate is the same as the diameter of the middle section of the crankshaft assembly crankshaft; the top seat is a floating structure and is in two pieces, which are mirror-symmetrically installed on the trapezoidal slide groove of the base plate, including a slide seat, a rotating shaft, a rocking plate, a pin, a gear I, a motor I, a gear II, a cylinder I, a cylinder II and a cylinder seat; the slide seat is a rectangular body with a trapezoidal slide groove at the bottom, which is slidably installed on the trapezoidal slide groove of the base plate; the rotating shaft is laterally fixed by the rotating shaft seat The invention relates to a device for detecting an engine which is arranged on a cylinder and is fixed on the rear side of the upper surface of the slide; the rocking plate is rectangular and is fixed on the slide by a rotating shaft, a circular through hole is arranged horizontally on the front side of the rocking plate, and a rectangular notch is arranged in the middle of the outer side of the rocking plate; the ejector pin is rotatably installed in the circular through hole of the rocking plate; the gear I is installed at the rear end of the ejector pin; the motor I is installed in the rectangular notch of the rocking plate; the gear II is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the motor I and meshes with the gear I; the piston of the cylinder I is upwardly installed at the inner corner of the front part of the slide, and the end of the piston is against the bottom of the rocking plate; the cylinder II is fixed on the base plate by a cylinder seat, and the end of the piston is connected to the outer side of the slide; there are four detection components, which are installed at intervals on the front side of the base plate, including a base, an articulated seat, an L-shaped support rod, a displacement sensor and a detection rod; the The base is a rectangular parallelepiped, which is vertically mounted on the front side of the base plate; the hinge seat is arranged at the front end of the base; the cross-sectional shape of the L-shaped support rod is rectangular, and is hinged on the hinge seat through the through hole at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical rods; the probe of the displacement sensor is vertically arranged upward between the bottom surface of the end of the L-shaped support rod crossbar and the surface of the base; the detection rod is a round rod, which is inserted and fixed in the through hole on the vertical rod of the L-shaped support rod; the top pressure assembly is fixed on the base plate, including a door-type bracket, a guide column, a slider, a guide plate, a slide plate, a cylinder III, a rack, a motor II and a gear III; the door-type bracket is two and is fixed on both sides of the base plate across the top seat, and two guide columns are arranged between the crossbeams of the door-type bracket; the slider is slidably installed on the guide column; the guide plate is vertically fixed on the slide The bottom of the block is provided with a rectangular slide groove on the guide plate; the slide plate is installed in the rectangular slide groove of the guide plate, and an arc-shaped notch with the same diameter as the crankshaft assembly crank disk is provided at the bottom of the slide plate; the cylinder III is fixed on the bottom surface of the guide plate, and the piston end is connected to the top of the slide plate; the rack is installed between the crossbeams of the two door-shaped brackets; the motor II is vertically fixed on the inner side of the slider; the gear III is fixed to the end of the motor II shaft and meshes with the rack; the switches or control valves of the motor I, motor II, cylinder I, cylinder II and cylinder III, and all displacement sensors are electrically connected to the controller; wherein, when the pistons of the cylinder I of the left and right top seats are both in the low position, the axes of the left ejector pin, the right ejector pin and the arc-shaped notch of the positioning plate are coaxial;When the pistons of the cylinders I of the left and right top seats are both in high positions, the detection rod of the detection assembly contacts the left end of the crankshaft assembly, the bearing, the right crank root and the bottom surface of the right end. ; 2. The automatic coaxiality calibration device for crankshaft assembly crankshaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A limiting plate is arranged at the rear side of the top seat rotating shaft to limit the rocking plate from rotating to a position where the front end surface is flush with the end surface of the rotating shaft seat.

3. The automatic coaxiality calibration device for crankshaft assembly crankshaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A connecting rod bracket is also arranged on the base plate at the rear side of the positioning plate, and the connecting rod bracket includes a vertical rod and a horizontal rod; there are two vertical rods, which are respectively fixed on the base plates at the rear sides of the two positioning plates, and the horizontal rod is fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical rods.

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