Model for simulating double-arch tunnel portal shallow-buried underneath-passing cemetery structure and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses a model for simulating a shallow-buried and underneath-penetrating cemetery structure of a double-arch tunnel portal and a working method, and the model comprises a model box which is filled with soil, the top layer of the soil is set as a slope surface, and a concrete block is placed on the slope surface; a plurality of segmentation assemblies are arranged in the tunnel lining model, and an inner cavity of the tunnel lining model is segmented into a plurality of excavation simulation sections by the segmentation assemblies; the excavation construction simulation system comprises a heating unit, excavation simulation sections are filled with paraffin, and disturbance simulation units are installed in the excavation simulation sections respectively; the settlement detection system comprises a vertical settlement detection unit and a horizontal sliding detection unit; the deformation detection system comprises two groups of deformation detection units; wherein a pressure detection unit is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel lining model. According to the method, certain theoretical reference can be provided for formulating technical standards of the tunnel underneath passing through the cemetery structure and safety protection measures of the cemetery structure under the super-large-section double-arch condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of deformation of surface structures in road tunnel engineering and construction engineering, and in particular to a model and a working method for simulating a double-arch tunnel opening with shallow burial and passing through a cemetery. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread development of underground tunnel construction, more and more complex working conditions and construction problems have emerged, and the deformation of surface structures has become increasingly prominent. Especially in suburban areas such as urban areas in central and southeastern my country, mining, water conservancy projects, transportation routes and other tunnel development projects will inevitably encounter cemetery structures. Due to the influence of human factors and complex terrain conditions, it is extremely difficult to construct the project. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a more in-depth study on the influence of the deformation of the shallow buried cemetery structure under the portal of the super-large section double-arch tunnel.

[0003] The research methods used by relevant scholars at home and abroad for the deformation effect of shallow buried super-large-section double-arch tunnel portals under cemetery structures are mainly theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring. The theoretical analysis method uses elasticity theory to simplify the research model through assumptions, but it cannot accurately consider the complex relationship between the tunnel and the cemetery structure to a certain extent, and the calculation is large; the numerical simulation method generally requires the use of large-scale commercial software, and the establishment of the numerical model is relatively complex and time-consuming. In addition, due to the limitations of geotechnical testing instruments and equipment, it is difficult to obtain accurate soil physical and mechanical parameters, and the change of soil parameters has a great influence on the numerical simulation results, which is easy to cause deviations in the calculation results. The field monitoring method is one of the means to obtain the deformation of the surrounding soil when the tunnel passes through the cemetery structure, but due to the limitations of instruments and equipment and human observation factors, the field test results have certain deviations. At the same time, field monitoring requires a certain amount of manpower and material resources, and the pre-buried test components on site are very easy to be damaged during construction, thereby delaying monitoring and even obtaining erroneous monitoring information.

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a model and a working method for simulating a double-arch tunnel entrance shallowly buried under a cemetery structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a model and a working method for simulating a double-arch tunnel opening with shallow burial and passing through a cemetery structure, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a model for simulating a double-arch tunnel opening with shallow burial and passing through a cemetery structure, comprising:

[0007] A model box, wherein the top of the model box is open and the model box is filled with soil, the top layer of the soil is arranged as a slope along the excavation direction, and concrete blocks are placed on the slope;

[0008] A tunnel lining model, wherein the tunnel lining model is provided in two groups, the tunnel lining model is inserted into the model box from one side of the model box and is arranged parallel to the length direction of the model box, and a plurality of splitting components are arranged in the tunnel lining model, and the splitting components split the inner cavity of the tunnel lining model into a plurality of excavation simulation sections;

[0009] An excavation construction simulation system, the excavation construction simulation system comprising heating units respectively arranged in the excavation simulation sections, the excavation simulation sections are filled with paraffin, and disturbance simulation units are respectively installed in the excavation simulation sections;

[0010] A settlement detection system, the settlement detection system comprising a vertical settlement detection unit and a horizontal slip detection unit, the vertical settlement detection unit being fixed to the concrete block;

[0011] A deformation detection system, wherein the deformation detection system comprises two groups of deformation detection units, and the two groups of deformation detection units are respectively arranged corresponding to the two tunnel lining models;

[0012] Wherein, a pressure detection unit is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel lining model.

[0013] According to the model of a shallowly buried structure under a cemetery simulating a double-arch tunnel opening provided by the present invention, the model box comprises a bottom plate and four side plates, the four side plates are surrounded to form a rectangular frame structure and fixed to the top surface of the bottom plate;

[0014] Among them, the bottom plate is a steel plate, the side plates on the left and right sides are wooden plates, and the side plates on the front and rear sides are tempered glass plates.

[0015] According to the model of simulating a shallowly buried double-arch tunnel portal passing through a cemetery structure provided by the present invention, the segmentation component includes a rubber insulation board, and the tunnel lining model is divided into the excavation simulation section by a plurality of the rubber insulation boards.

[0016] According to the model of a shallowly buried cemetery structure simulating a double-arch tunnel entrance provided by the present invention, the heating unit includes heating resistance wires respectively arranged in the excavation simulation sections, and the heating resistance wires are electrically connected to a first controller arranged outside the tunnel lining model through wires.

[0017] According to the model of the double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under the cemetery structure provided by the present invention, the vertical settlement detection unit includes a bracket fixed to the top of the model box, and a plurality of detection components are fixedly connected to the bracket. The plurality of detection components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of concrete blocks.

[0018] The detection component includes a dial indicator fixed on the bracket, an aluminum alloy tube is fixedly connected under the bracket, a flexible steel wire is fixedly connected to the dial indicator, the flexible steel wire is inserted into the aluminum alloy tube, and one end of the flexible steel wire is fixedly connected to the concrete block.

[0019] According to the model of a shallowly buried cemetery structure simulating a double-arch tunnel portal provided by the present invention, the horizontal slip detection unit includes a plurality of detection components, two rows of hole groups are symmetrically opened on the side of the model box, the two rows of hole groups are respectively arranged corresponding to the two tunnel lining models, the hole groups are located above the tunnel lining model, each group of the hole groups includes a plurality of through holes arranged at equal vertical intervals, the axes of the through holes are parallel to the axes of the tunnel lining model and are located on the same horizontal plane, and the plurality of detection components are respectively fixed in the through holes;

[0020] Wherein, the end of the flexible steel wire of the horizontal slip detection unit is fixedly connected with an iron sheet, and the iron sheet is fixed on the slope surface.

[0021] According to the model of a shallowly buried cemetery structure simulating a double-arch tunnel portal provided by the present invention, the deformation detection unit includes two groups of detection components, and the two groups of detection components are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides outside the tunnel lining model and are arranged in parallel with the tunnel lining model;

[0022] Among them, one end of the flexible steel wire of the deformation detection unit is fixedly connected to the iron sheet, and the iron sheet is fixed in the soil.

[0023] According to the model of simulating a shallowly buried double-arch tunnel portal passing through a cemetery structure provided by the present invention, the pressure detection unit includes a resistance strain gauge fixed in the excavation simulation section, and the resistance strain gauge is electrically connected to the second controller.

[0024] According to the model of simulating a shallowly buried double-arch tunnel entrance passing through a cemetery structure provided by the present invention, the disturbance simulation unit includes a micro vibration motor fixed in the excavation simulation section, and the micro vibration motor is electrically connected to the third control.

[0025] The working method for simulating the model of a double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Build an experimental model, fix the heating unit, pressure detection unit, and disturbance simulation unit in the tunnel lining model, pour paraffin into the tunnel lining model, and use segmentation components to seal it in sections;

[0027] Step 2: Control the heating unit to work in sequence along the preset excavation direction. The heating unit heats and melts the paraffin to simulate segmented excavation. Cooperate with the disturbance simulation unit to output a stable winding frequency to simulate the influence of tunnel excavation on the soil at a specific excavation speed and disturbance frequency. The deformation detection system detects the deformation of the tunnel lining model. The pressure detection unit detects the pressure value in the tunnel lining model and the pressure change value of the inner wall of the tunnel lining model during the excavation of each excavation simulation section.

[0028] Step 3: The vertical settlement detection unit detects the vertical displacement of the concrete block, and the horizontal slip detection unit detects the horizontal slip of the soil;

[0029] Step 4: Let it stand until the paraffin solidifies, adjust the power of the heating unit and the disturbance simulation unit, and simulate the impact of tunnel excavation on the soil at different excavation speeds and different disturbance frequencies.

[0030] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention can be made by hand, has good extensiveness in relevant scientific research, and the experimental test scheme has strong scalability, and can be further applied to the study of the influence effect of tunnel passing through the superstructure under different superstructure conditions;

[0032] 2. The invention provides a segmentation component inside the tunnel lining model, which segments the inside of the tunnel lining model and forms a number of closed excavation simulation sections inside the tunnel lining model, thereby realizing detailed simulation of different excavation conditions;

[0033] 3. This test fills a certain volume of paraffin wax to make the internal pressure equal to the external soil pressure. The paraffin wax is unloaded after melting, which can truly restore the actual tunnel excavation and lining installation process, adding persuasiveness to the test data;

[0034] 4. In the present invention, a certain length of paraffin wax is melted in a certain order to simulate the step-by-step excavation of the tunnel, and different tunnel excavation speeds are simulated by power control of the heating unit;

[0035] 5. In the present invention, the micro-disturbance of tunnel excavation is simulated by a disturbance simulation unit, and the magnitude of the micro-disturbance of tunnel excavation is simulated by controlling the frequency of the disturbance simulation unit;

[0036] 6. The present invention uses a combination of a vertical settlement detection unit and a horizontal slip detection unit, as well as a deformation detection unit and a pressure detection unit to measure multi-point and multi-directional displacements of the soil around the tunnel and the surface structure, making the simulation results richer and more reliable;

[0037] 7. The present invention can provide good consultation and suggestions for on-site construction of highway tunnel projects, and provide certain theoretical references for formulating technical standards for tunnels under cemetery structures under super-large section double-arch conditions and safety protection measures for cemetery structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a model of a double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure simulating the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tunnel lining model of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a left view of the model box of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a top view of the model box of the present invention.

[0043] Among them, 1. model box; 2. tunnel lining model; 3. concrete block; 4. rubber insulation board; 5. heating resistance wire; 6. first controller; 7. bracket; 8. dial indicator; 9. aluminum alloy pipe; 10. resistance strain gauge; 11. micro vibration motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4The present invention provides a model simulating a double-arch tunnel opening with shallow burial and passing through a cemetery structure, comprising:

[0047] A model box 1, the top of the model box 1 is open, and the model box 1 is filled with soil, the top layer of the soil is set as a slope along the excavation direction, and concrete blocks 3 are placed on the slope;

[0048] Tunnel lining model 2, two groups of tunnel lining model 2 are provided, the tunnel lining model 2 is inserted into the model box 1 from one side of the model box 1, and is arranged parallel to the length direction of the model box 1, and a plurality of splitting components are arranged in the tunnel lining model 2, and the splitting components split the inner cavity of the tunnel lining model 2 into a plurality of excavation simulation sections;

[0049] The excavation construction simulation system includes heating units respectively arranged in the excavation simulation sections, the excavation simulation sections are filled with paraffin, and disturbance simulation units are respectively installed in the excavation simulation sections;

[0050] A settlement detection system, the settlement detection system includes a vertical settlement detection unit and a horizontal slip detection unit, and the vertical settlement detection unit is fixed to the concrete block 3;

[0051] The deformation detection system includes two groups of deformation detection units, and the two groups of deformation detection units are respectively set corresponding to the two tunnel lining models 2;

[0052] Wherein, a pressure detection unit is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel lining model 2 .

[0053] According to a further optimization scheme, the model box 1 includes a bottom plate and four side plates, and the four side plates are combined to form a rectangular frame structure and fixed to the top surface of the bottom plate;

[0054] Among them, the bottom plate is a steel plate, the side panels on the left and right sides are wooden panels, and the side panels on the front and back are tempered glass panels.

[0055] According to a further optimized solution, the segmentation components include rubber insulation boards 4, and the tunnel lining model 2 is segmented by a plurality of rubber insulation boards 4 to form excavation simulation sections.

[0056] According to a further optimized solution, the heating unit includes heating resistance wires 5 respectively arranged in the excavation simulation sections, and the heating resistance wires 5 are electrically connected to a first controller 6 arranged outside the tunnel lining model 2 through a wire.

[0057] Further optimizing the scheme, the vertical settlement detection unit includes a bracket 7 fixed to the top of the model box 1, and a plurality of detection components are fixedly connected to the bracket 7. The plurality of detection components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of concrete blocks 3;

[0058] The detection assembly includes a dial indicator 8 fixed on a bracket 7, an aluminum alloy tube 9 is fixedly connected under the bracket 7, a flexible steel wire is fixedly connected to the dial indicator 8, the flexible steel wire is inserted into the aluminum alloy tube 9, and one end of the flexible steel wire is fixedly connected to the concrete block 3.

[0059] Further optimization scheme, the horizontal slip detection unit includes a plurality of detection components, two rows of hole groups are symmetrically opened on the side of the model box 1, the two rows of hole groups are respectively arranged corresponding to the two tunnel lining models 2, the hole groups are located above the tunnel lining model 2, each hole group includes a plurality of through holes arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction, the axis of the through hole is parallel to the axis of the tunnel lining model 2 and is located on the same horizontal plane, and a plurality of detection components are respectively fixed in the through holes;

[0060] Among them, the end of the flexible steel wire of the horizontal slip detection unit is fixedly connected with an iron sheet, and the iron sheet is fixed on the slope surface.

[0061] According to a further optimized solution, the deformation detection unit includes two sets of detection components, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides outside the tunnel lining model 2 and are arranged parallel to the tunnel lining model 2;

[0062] Among them, one end of the flexible steel wire of the deformation detection unit is fixedly connected to an iron sheet, and the iron sheet is fixed in the soil.

[0063] According to a further optimized solution, the pressure detection unit includes a resistance strain gauge 10 fixed in the excavation simulation section, and the resistance strain gauge 10 is electrically connected to the second controller.

[0064] According to a further optimized solution, the disturbance simulation unit includes a micro vibration motor 11 fixed in the excavation simulation section, and the micro vibration motor 11 is electrically connected to the third control.

[0065] The working method for simulating the model of a double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: build an experimental model, fix the heating unit, pressure detection unit, and disturbance simulation unit in the tunnel lining model 2, pour paraffin into the tunnel lining model 2, and use segmentation components to block the sections;

[0067] Step 2: Control the heating unit to work in sequence along the preset excavation direction. The heating unit heats and melts the paraffin to simulate segmented excavation. Cooperate with the disturbance simulation unit to output a stable winding frequency to simulate the influence of tunnel excavation on the soil under a specific excavation speed and disturbance frequency. The deformation detection system detects the deformation of the tunnel lining model 2. The pressure detection unit detects the pressure value in the tunnel lining model 2 and the pressure change value of the inner wall of the tunnel lining model 2 during the excavation of each excavation simulation section.

[0068] Step 3: The vertical settlement detection unit detects the vertical displacement of the concrete block 3, and the horizontal slip detection unit detects the horizontal slip of the soil;

[0069] Step 4: Let it stand until the paraffin solidifies, adjust the power of the heating unit and the disturbance simulation unit, and simulate the impact of tunnel excavation on the soil at different excavation speeds and different disturbance frequencies.

[0070] In this embodiment, the model box 1 is rectangular in shape, with an internal space size of 1200mm×620mm×500mm (length×width×height), a 10mm thick steel plate as the bottom, 20mm thick tempered glass on the front and back, a 10mm thick wooden board on the left side, a 10mm thick wooden board on the right side, the bottom is connected to the steel plate, and the top is open; the thickness of the rubber insulation board 4 is 5mm, and the tunnel lining model 2 is a 50mm thin aluminum alloy cylinder;

[0071] A deformation detection system is set at a distance of 25 mm above and below the tunnel lining model 2; the bottom points of tunnel models 10 and 31 are 210 mm away from the upper surface of the steel plate, the leftmost point of the tunnel lining model 2 is 130 mm away from the left tempered glass plate, and the rightmost point of the tunnel lining model 2 is 130 mm away from the right glass plate.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0073] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model simulating a double-arch tunnel with shallowly buried portals and passing through a cemetery structure, characterized in that: include: A model box (1), wherein the top of the model box (1) is open and the model box (1) is filled with soil, the top layer of the soil is arranged as a slope along the excavation direction, and a concrete block (3) is placed on the slope; A tunnel lining model (2), wherein the tunnel lining model (2) is provided in two groups, the tunnel lining model (2) is inserted into the model box (1) from one side of the model box (1) and is arranged parallel to the length direction of the model box (1), and a plurality of splitting components are arranged in the tunnel lining model (2), and the splitting components split the inner cavity of the tunnel lining model (2) into a plurality of excavation simulation sections; An excavation construction simulation system, the excavation construction simulation system comprising heating units respectively arranged in the excavation simulation sections, the excavation simulation sections are filled with paraffin, and disturbance simulation units are respectively installed in the excavation simulation sections; A settlement detection system, the settlement detection system comprising a vertical settlement detection unit and a horizontal slip detection unit, the vertical settlement detection unit being fixed to the concrete block (3); A deformation detection system, the deformation detection system comprising two groups of deformation detection units, the two groups of deformation detection units being respectively arranged corresponding to the two tunnel lining models (2); Wherein, a pressure detection unit is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel lining model (2).

2. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The model box (1) comprises a bottom plate and four side plates, wherein the four side plates are combined to form a rectangular frame structure and are fixed to the top surface of the bottom plate; Among them, the bottom plate is a steel plate, the side plates on the left and right sides are wooden plates, and the side plates on the front and rear sides are tempered glass plates.

3. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The segmentation component comprises a rubber insulation board (4), and the tunnel lining model (2) is segmented by a plurality of the rubber insulation boards (4) to form the excavation simulation segment.

4. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating unit comprises heating resistance wires (5) respectively arranged in the excavation simulation sections, and the heating resistance wires (5) are electrically connected to a first controller (6) arranged outside the tunnel lining model (2) through a conductive wire.

5. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical settlement detection unit comprises a bracket (7) fixed on the top of the model box (1), a plurality of detection components are fixedly connected to the bracket (7), and the plurality of detection components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of concrete blocks (3); The detection assembly comprises a dial gauge (8) fixed on the bracket (7), an aluminum alloy tube (9) is fixedly connected below the bracket (7), a flexible steel wire is fixedly connected to the dial gauge (8), the flexible steel wire is inserted into the aluminum alloy tube (9), and one end of the flexible steel wire is fixedly connected to the concrete block (3).

6. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The horizontal slip detection unit comprises a plurality of detection components, the side of the model box (1) is symmetrically provided with two rows of hole groups, the two rows of hole groups are respectively arranged corresponding to the two tunnel lining models (2), the hole groups are located above the tunnel lining models (2), each group of the hole groups comprises a plurality of through holes arranged at equal intervals in the vertical direction, the axes of the through holes are parallel to the axes of the tunnel lining models (2) and are located on the same horizontal plane, and the plurality of detection components are respectively fixed in the through holes; Wherein, the end of the flexible steel wire of the horizontal slip detection unit is fixedly connected with an iron sheet, and the iron sheet is fixed on the slope surface.

7. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The deformation detection unit comprises two groups of detection components, and the two groups of detection components are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides outside the tunnel lining model (2) and are arranged in parallel with the tunnel lining model (2); Among them, one end of the flexible steel wire of the deformation detection unit is fixedly connected to the iron sheet, and the iron sheet is fixed in the soil.

8. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure detection unit comprises a resistance strain gauge (10) fixed in the excavation simulation section, and the resistance strain gauge (10) is electrically connected to the second controller.

9. The model of a simulated double-arch tunnel portal shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disturbance simulation unit comprises a micro vibration motor (11) fixed in the excavation simulation section, and the micro vibration motor (11) is electrically connected to a third control.

10. A method for simulating a double-arch tunnel opening shallowly buried under a cemetery structure model, based on the model of simulating a double-arch tunnel opening shallowly buried under a cemetery structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: build an experimental model, fix the heating unit, the pressure detection unit, and the disturbance simulation unit in the tunnel lining model (2), pour paraffin into the tunnel lining model (2), and use segmentation components to seal the tunnel lining model (2); Step 2: Control the heating unit to work in sequence along the preset excavation direction, heat and melt the paraffin wax by the heating unit, simulate the segmented excavation work, cooperate with the disturbance simulation unit to output a stable winding frequency, simulate the influence of tunnel excavation on the soil under a specific excavation speed and disturbance frequency, the deformation detection system detects the deformation of the tunnel lining model (2), and the pressure detection unit detects the pressure value in the tunnel lining model (2) and the pressure change value of the inner wall of the tunnel lining model (2) during the excavation of each excavation simulation section; Step 3, the vertical settlement detection unit detects the vertical displacement of the concrete block (3), and the horizontal slip detection unit detects the horizontal slip of the soil; Step 4: Let it stand until the paraffin solidifies, adjust the power of the heating unit and the disturbance simulation unit, and simulate the impact of tunnel excavation on the soil at different excavation speeds and different disturbance frequencies.

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