Weak measurement technology-based full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation method based on a weak measurement technology, and the method comprises the steps: S1, building a quantum weak measurement optical platform for time-varying phase real-time estimation, introducing an unknown external signal in an interaction process, and generating a time-varying phase; s2, a quantum weak measurement optical platform is adopted for measurement, a measurement value at the current moment is obtained, and a time-varying phase value at the current moment is calculated; s3, adjusting a bias phase and a reference phase according to the time-varying phase value at the current moment, so that the time-varying phase value at the current moment is in a set linear interval; s4, the step S2 and the step S3 are repeated, and real-time estimation of the time-varying phase is achieved; and S5, after the measurement is finished, performing data processing on an estimation result according to actual needs. According to the invention, the adjustment method of the time-varying phase estimation scheme based on the weak measurement technology is further optimized, and a scheme capable of carrying out real-time high-sensitivity estimation on the full-range phase is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of weak measurement, and in particular to a method and system for real-time estimation of a full-range time-varying phase based on weak measurement technology. Background Art

[0002] Since the advent of weak measurement technology, it has been widely used in the measurement of various physical quantities due to its amplification effect in the field of precision measurement and good technical noise suppression ability, achieving sensitivity that cannot be achieved by classical means. For many practical applications, the signal to be measured is usually unknown, random and changes with time. Since weak measurement technology limits the physical quantity to be measured to a very small range, it is difficult to apply it in a practical environment. Therefore, expanding the dynamic range of weak measurement technology is a key issue in promoting weak measurement technology to become practical.

[0003] When using weak measurement technology to measure the unknown time-varying phase, existing control technology can only expand the dynamic range to a limited extent.

[0004] Based on the real-time estimation method and system of time-varying parameters based on weak measurement technology proposed in patent CN115310044A and the real-time estimation method and system of adaptive time-varying parameters based on weak measurement technology proposed in patent CN115900780A, by introducing a reference phase, the estimation of time-varying parameters can be achieved with adjustable sensitivity and dynamic range. However, its scope of action is still limited, and real-time estimation of the full range of phase cannot be achieved.

[0005] The present invention aims to address the deficiencies in the prior art. Its purpose is to provide a time-varying parameter estimation scheme for full phase estimation based on quantum weak measurement theory, which can realize real-time estimation of time-varying phase within the full phase range, thereby further expanding the application scope of weak measurement technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for real-time estimation of a full-range time-varying phase based on a weak measurement technology, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step S1: constructing a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying phase, introducing an unknown external signal in the interaction process to generate a time-varying phase; wherein the optical platform includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform;

[0008] Step S2: Use a quantum weak measurement optical platform to measure, obtain the measurement value at the current moment, and calculate the time-varying phase value at the current moment;

[0009] Step S3: adjusting the bias phase and the reference phase according to the time-varying phase value at the current moment, so that the time-varying phase value at the current moment is within the set linear interval;

[0010] Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 to achieve real-time estimation of the time-varying phase;

[0011] Step S5: After the measurement is completed, data processing is performed on the estimation result according to actual needs.

[0012] Preferably, step S3 comprises:

[0013] Step S3.1: Calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the current observation index

[0014] Step S3.2: Determine the current phase estimate value according to actual needs The bias phase interval and reference phase interval that need to be applied, and the target bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval are obtained;

[0015] Step S3.3: Judgment step: compare the bias phase and reference phase of the current phase with the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target respectively. If the current phase is not in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, adjust the bias phase and reference phase; if the current phase is in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, directly perform the next measurement.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1:

[0017] In the dual-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selection state in the pre-selection process. During the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And after adjusting the bias phase, the bias phase is generated The first light path and the second light path are generated by beam splitter 2; the first light path passes through the first reference phase and generates a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the first post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the second light passes through the reflector 3 and then passes through the second reference phase to generate a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the second post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the two-way light intensity is received by the balanced detector 4, and the phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by the computer 5;

[0018] The computer 5 is connected to the bias phase, the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balance detector 4;

[0019] The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the pre-selection process is ε 12 , ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, that is, ε 11 + 12 =0; time-varying phase and time-varying phase are opposite numbers, that is

[0020] Preferably, in step S3.1,

[0021] For the dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Where I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1() and I2() are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. is the value of the bias phase, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |, In the case of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate is,

[0022] Preferably, in step S1,

[0023] In the single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process; after the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And adjusted by the bias phase to produce a time-varying phase Generate a time-varying phase at a third reference phase The linear interval and sensitivity are adjusted, projected to the third post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; finally, the light intensity after projection is received by the photodetector 6, and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by the computer 5; the computer 5 is connected to the bias phase, the third reference phase and the photodetector 6;

[0024] In step S3.1,

[0025] For a single-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I(t) is the detection light intensity, ε2 is the angle between the third post-selection process and the front selection process, is the value of the third reference phase, is the value of the bias phase; in single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0026] A full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology includes the following modules:

[0027] Module M1: Build a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying phase, introduce unknown external signals in the interaction process, and generate time-varying phase; wherein, the optical platform includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform;

[0028] Module M2: Use the quantum weak measurement optical platform to measure, obtain the measurement value at the current moment, and calculate the time-varying phase value at the current moment;

[0029] Module M3: According to the current time-varying phase value, the bias phase and the reference phase are adjusted so that the current time-varying phase value is within the set linear range;

[0030] Module M4: repeatedly triggers the operation of modules M2 and M3 to achieve real-time estimation of the time-varying phase;

[0031] Module M5: After the measurement is completed, the estimated results are processed according to actual needs.

[0032] Preferably, the module M3 includes:

[0033] Module M3.1: Calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the current observation index

[0034] Module M3.2: Determine the current phase estimate based on actual needs The bias phase interval and reference phase interval that need to be applied, and the target bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval are obtained;

[0035] Module M3.3: Judgment steps: Compare the bias phase and reference phase of the current phase with the bias phase and reference phase adjustment range of the target respectively. If the current phase is not in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment range of the target, adjust the bias phase and reference phase; if the current phase is in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment range of the target, directly perform the next measurement.

[0036] Preferably, in the module M1:

[0037] In the dual-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selection state in the pre-selection process. During the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And after adjusting the bias phase, the bias phase is generated The first light path and the second light path are generated by beam splitter 2; the first light path passes through the first reference phase and generates a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the first post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the second light passes through the reflector 3 and then passes through the second reference phase to generate a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the second post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the two-way light intensity is received by the balanced detector 4, and the phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by the computer 5;

[0038] The computer 5 is connected to the bias phase, the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balance detector 4;

[0039] The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the pre-selection process is ε 12 , ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, that is, ε 11 + 12 =0; time-varying phase and time-varying phase are opposite numbers, that is

[0040] Preferably, in module M3.1,

[0041] For the dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Where I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1() and I2() are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. is the value of the bias phase, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |, In the case of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate is,

[0042] Preferably, in module M1,

[0043] In the single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process; after the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And adjusted by the bias phase to produce a time-varying phase Generate a time-varying phase at a third reference phase The linear interval and sensitivity are adjusted, projected to the third post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; finally, the light intensity after projection is received by the photodetector 6, and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by the computer 5; the computer 5 is connected to the bias phase, the third reference phase and the photodetector 6;

[0044] In module M3.1,

[0045] For a single-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I(t) is the detection light intensity, ε2 is the angle between the third post-selection process and the front selection process, is the value of the third reference phase, is the value of the bias phase; in single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. From the overall technical perspective, the present invention can realize real-time estimation of time-varying phase in the full phase range, further expanding the application scope of weak measurement and meeting the requirements of practical applications;

[0048] 2. The present invention has a wide range of applications and can be applied to single-channel real-time light intensity measurement and detection, as well as dual-channel real-time light intensity measurement and detection;

[0049] 3. The present invention inserts a bias phase and, through its combined effect with a reference phase, can adaptively perform high-sensitivity real-time detection of the phase in the entire phase range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement;

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement.

[0054] As shown in the figure:

[0055] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a full range time-varying phase real-time estimation method based on weak measurement technology, comprising:

[0058] Step S1: constructing a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying phase, introducing an unknown external signal in the interaction process to generate a time-varying phase; wherein the optical platform includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform;

[0059] Step S2: Use a quantum weak measurement optical platform to measure, obtain the measurement value at the current moment, and calculate the time-varying phase value at the current moment;

[0060] Step S3: adjusting the bias phase and the reference phase according to the time-varying phase value at the current moment, so that the time-varying phase value at the current moment is within the set linear interval;

[0061] Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 to achieve real-time estimation of the time-varying phase;

[0062] Step S5: After the measurement is completed, data processing is performed on the estimation result according to actual needs.

[0063] The scope of the present invention includes dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement and single-channel real-time single detection weak measurement. and The value of , the system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the dual-path real-time detection weak measurement within the scope of the present invention includes: the pre-selection process is A, the interaction process is B, the bias phase is C, the first reference phase is D, the first post-selection process is E, the second reference phase is F, and the second post-selection process is G;

[0065] The light emitted by the light source is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process. During the interaction process, the perceived external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase. And after adjusting the bias phase, the bias phase is generated The first light path and the second light path are generated by the beam splitter; the first light path passes through the first reference phase and generates a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the first post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the second light passes through the reflector and then passes through the second reference phase to generate a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the second post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in a preset post-selection state; the two light intensities are received by a balanced detector, and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by a computer; the computer is connected to the bias phase, the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector;

[0066] Particularly, the angles between the first post-selection process and the second post-selection process and the front selection process are opposite to each other; and the first reference phase and the second reference phase are also opposite to each other.

[0067] For dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, the light intensity received by the balanced detector is Where I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. is the unknown phase, is the value of the bias phase, ε1 is the absolute value of the angle between the first post-selection process and the second post-selection process and the front selection, are the absolute values ​​of the first reference phase and the second reference phase.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, in the single-channel real-time detection weak measurement within the scope of the present invention, the third reference phase is H and the third post-selection process is I;

[0069] The light emitted by the light source is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process; after the interaction process, the perceived external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And adjusted by the bias phase to produce a time-varying phase Generate a time-varying phase at a third reference phase The linear interval and sensitivity are adjusted, projected to the third post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in a preset post-selection state; finally, the light intensity after projection is received by a photoelectric detector, and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by a computer; the computer is connected to the bias phase, the third reference phase and the photoelectric detector;

[0070] For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the observation indicators are Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I(t) is the detection light intensity, is the unknown phase, ε2 is the angle between the third post-selection process and the pre-selection process, is the value of the third reference phase, is the value of the bias phase.

[0071] The adjustment is as described in step S3, characterized in that it includes:

[0072] Step S3.1: Calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the current observation index

[0073] Step S3.2: Determine the current phase estimate value according to actual needs The bias phase interval and reference phase interval that need to be applied, and the target bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval are obtained;

[0074] Step S3.3: Judgment step: compare the bias phase and reference phase of the current phase with the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target respectively. If the current phase is not in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, adjust the bias phase and reference phase; if the current phase is in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, directly perform the next measurement.

[0075] The present invention also provides a full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology. The full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology can be realized by executing the process steps of the full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation method based on weak measurement technology, that is, technical personnel in this field can understand the full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation method based on weak measurement technology as a preferred implementation of the full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology.

[0076] Specifically, a full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology includes the following modules: Module M1: Building a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying phase, introducing unknown external signals in the interaction process to generate time-varying phase; wherein the optical platform includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform; Module M2: Using the quantum weak measurement optical platform for measurement, obtaining the measurement value at the current moment, and calculating the time-varying phase value at the current moment; Module M3: According to the time-varying phase value at the current moment, adjusting the bias phase and the reference phase, so that the time-varying phase value at the current moment is within the set linear interval; Module M4: Repeatedly triggering the operation of modules M2 and M3 to realize real-time estimation of time-varying phase; Module M5: After the measurement is completed, data processing is performed on the estimation result according to actual needs.

[0077] Specifically, the module M3 includes: Module M3.1: Calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment according to the current observation index Module M3.2: Determine the current phase estimate based on actual needs The bias phase interval and reference phase interval that need to be applied, and the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target are obtained; Module M3.3: Judgment step: Compare the bias phase and reference phase of the current phase with the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target respectively. If the current phase is not in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, adjust the bias phase and reference phase; if the current phase is in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, proceed directly to the next measurement.

[0078] Specifically, in the module M1: the dual-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selection state in the pre-selection process, and the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase during the interaction process. And after adjusting the bias phase, the bias phase is generated The first light path and the second light path are generated by beam splitter 2; the first light path passes through the first reference phase and generates a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the first post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the second light passes through the reflector 3 and then passes through the second reference phase to generate a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the second post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; the two light intensities are received by the balanced detector 4, and the phase is estimated and adaptively controlled by the computer 5; the computer 5 is connected to the bias phase, the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector 4;

[0079] The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the pre-selection process is ε 12 , ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, that is, ε 11 + 12 =0; time-varying phase and time-varying phase are opposite numbers, that is

[0080] Specifically, in module M3.1,

[0081] For the dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Where I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1() and I2() are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. is the value of the bias phase, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |, In the case of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate is,

[0082] Specifically, in module M1,

[0083] In the single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process; after the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And adjusted by the bias phase to produce a time-varying phase Generate a time-varying phase at a third reference phase The linear interval and sensitivity are adjusted, projected to the third post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; finally, the light intensity after projection is received by the photodetector 6, and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by the computer 5; the computer 5 is connected to the bias phase, the third reference phase and the photodetector 6;

[0084] In module M3.1, for a single-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation index Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I(t) is the detection light intensity, ε2 is the angle between the third post-selection process and the front selection process, is the value of the third reference phase, is the value of the bias phase; in single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0085] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0086] From the overall technical perspective, the present invention can realize real-time estimation of time-varying phase in the entire phase range, further expanding the application scope of weak measurement and meeting the requirements of practical applications; the present invention has a wide range of applications and can be applied to single-channel real-time light intensity measurement and detection, as well as dual-channel real-time light intensity measurement and detection; the present invention inserts a bias phase and, through the combined effect with the reference phase, can realize adaptive high-sensitivity real-time detection of the phase in the entire phase range.

[0087] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

[0088] It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in a purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functions in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for realizing various functions can also be regarded as both software modules for realizing the method and structures within the hardware component.

Claims

1. A method for real-time estimation of full-range time-varying phase based on weak measurement technology, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: constructing a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying phase, introducing an unknown external signal in the interaction process to generate a time-varying phase; wherein the optical platform includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform; Step S2: Use a quantum weak measurement optical platform to measure, obtain the measurement value at the current moment, and calculate the time-varying phase value at the current moment; Step S3: adjusting the bias phase and the reference phase according to the time-varying phase value at the current moment, so that the time-varying phase value at the current moment is within the set linear interval; Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 to achieve real-time estimation of the time-varying phase; Step S5: After the measurement is completed, data processing is performed on the estimation result according to actual needs.

2. The method for real-time estimation of full-range time-varying phase based on weak measurement technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: Step S3.1: Calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the current observation index Step S3.2: Determine the current phase estimate value according to actual needs The bias phase interval and reference phase interval that need to be applied, and the target bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval are obtained; Step S3.3: Judgment step: compare the bias phase and reference phase of the current phase with the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target respectively. If the current phase is not in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, adjust the bias phase and reference phase; if the current phase is in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval of the target, directly perform the next measurement.

3. The method for real-time estimation of full-range time-varying phase based on weak measurement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1: In the dual-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source (1) is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process, and the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase during the interaction process. And after adjusting the bias phase, the bias phase is generated A first light path and a second light path are generated by a beam splitter (2); the first light path passes through a first reference phase and generates a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the first post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; after the second path of light passes through the reflector (3), it passes through the second reference phase to generate a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the second post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in a preset post-selection state; the two-way light intensity is received by a balanced detector (4), and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by a computer (5); The computer (5) is connected to the bias phase, the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balance detector (4); The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the pre-selection process is ε 12 , ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, that is, ε 11 +ε 12 =0; time-varying phase and time-varying phase are opposite numbers, that is 4. The method for real-time estimation of full-range time-varying phase based on weak measurement technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3.1, For the dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Where I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. is the value of the bias phase, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |, In the case of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate is, 5. The method for real-time estimation of full-range time-varying phase based on weak measurement technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, In the single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source (1) is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process; after the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And adjusted by the bias phase to produce a time-varying phase Generate a time-varying phase at a third reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, projected to the third post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in a preset post-selection state; finally, the intensity of the projected light is received by a photodetector (6), and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by a computer (5); the computer (5) is connected to the bias phase, the third reference phase and the photodetector (6); In step S3.1, For a single-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I(t) is the detection light intensity, ε2 is the angle between the third post-selection process and the front selection process, is the value of the third reference phase, is the value of the bias phase; in single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate 6. A full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Module M1: Build a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying phase, introduce unknown external signals in the interaction process, and generate time-varying phase; wherein, the optical platform includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform; Module M2: Use the quantum weak measurement optical platform to measure, obtain the measurement value at the current moment, and calculate the time-varying phase value at the current moment; Module M3: According to the current time-varying phase value, the bias phase and the reference phase are adjusted so that the current time-varying phase value is within the set linear range; Module M4: repeatedly triggers the operation of modules M2 and M3 to achieve real-time estimation of the time-varying phase; Module M5: After the measurement is completed, the estimated results are processed according to actual needs.

7. The full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The module M3 comprises: Module M3.1: Calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the current observation index Module M3.2: Determine the current phase estimate based on actual needs The bias phase interval and reference phase interval that need to be applied, and the target bias phase and reference phase adjustment interval are obtained; Module M3.3: Judgment steps: Compare the bias phase and reference phase of the current phase with the bias phase and reference phase adjustment range of the target respectively. If the current phase is not in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment range of the target, adjust the bias phase and reference phase; if the current phase is in the bias phase and reference phase adjustment range of the target, directly perform the next measurement.

8. The full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the module M1: In the dual-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source (1) is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process, and the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase during the interaction process. And after adjusting the bias phase, the bias phase is generated A first light path and a second light path are generated by a beam splitter (2); the first light path passes through a first reference phase and generates a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the first post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in the preset post-selection state; after the second path of light passes through the reflector (3), it passes through the second reference phase to generate a reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, and projected to the second post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in a preset post-selection state; the two-way light intensity is received by a balanced detector (4), and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by a computer (5); The computer (5) is connected to the bias phase, the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balance detector (4); The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the pre-selection process is ε 12 , ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, that is, ε 11 +ε 12 =0; time-varying phase and time-varying phase are opposite numbers, that is 9. The full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: In module M3.1, For the dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Where I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. is the value of the bias phase, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |, In the case of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate is, 10. The full-range time-varying phase real-time estimation system based on weak measurement technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: In module M1, In the single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source (1) is modulated into a preset pre-selected state in the pre-selection process; after the interaction process, the sensed external signal is encoded into a time-varying phase And adjusted by the bias phase to produce a time-varying phase Generate a time-varying phase at a third reference phase The linear range and sensitivity are adjusted, projected to the third post-selection process, and projection measurement is performed in a preset post-selection state; finally, the intensity of the projected light is received by a photodetector (6), and phase estimation and adaptive regulation are performed by a computer (5); the computer (5) is connected to the bias phase, the third reference phase and the photodetector (6); In module M3.1, For a single-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform, the observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I(t) is the detection light intensity, ε2 is the angle between the third post-selection process and the front selection process, is the value of the third reference phase, is the value of the bias phase; in single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, by adjusting and The value system can always satisfy the weak measurement condition And sensitivity amplification conditions In t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

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