Optimal phase compensation method and system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology

Abstract

The invention provides an optimal phase compensation method based on a light intensity detection weak measurement technology, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, building a quantum weak measurement optical platform for time-varying parameter real-time estimation based on light intensity detection, and determining an adjustment interval of an optimal reference phase of a time-varying phase through applying an external signal; s2, starting measurement, and calculating a time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment; s3, according to the optimal reference phase adjustment interval set in the step S1 and the calculation result in the step S2, adjusting related parameters to enable the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment to work in the optimal interval; s4, the step S2 and the step S3 are repeated, and real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase is achieved; s5, ending the measurement; the adjustment method of the time-varying parameter estimation scheme based on the weak measurement technology is further optimized, the precision can be optimal, and the phase estimation with the optimal phase amplification factor and the optimal precision can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of weak measurement, and in particular to a phase compensation method with optimal accuracy for a real-time estimation scheme of time-varying phase based on quantum weak measurement theory using light intensity detection. Background Art

[0002] Since the weak measurement technique was proposed, it has achieved a sensitivity that cannot be achieved by classical means in measuring many physical quantities such as sound, light, heat, force, and magnetism. However, in practice, many physical quantities of interest are unknown and time-varying. This high-precision and sensitive measurement of time-varying parameters is of great significance. When applying weak measurement technology to the estimation of time-varying parameters, it is necessary to consider the size of the unknown time-varying parameters and the constraint relationship between the linear range and sensitivity of the weak measurement system.

[0003] When using weak measurement technology to measure the unknown time-varying phase, the current adjustment methods all consider how to achieve the measurement of time-varying parameters, but do not consider the optimal compensation.

[0004] Patent CN115310044A proposes a real-time estimation method and system for time-varying parameters based on weak measurement technology, and patent CN115900780A proposes an adaptive real-time estimation method and system for time-varying parameters based on weak measurement technology. By introducing a reference phase, it is possible to adjust the weak measurement working interval through the reference phase when the unknown time-varying phase exceeds the original linear interval, so that the measurement can still be kept in the linear interval.

[0005] The present invention is suitable for a real-time estimation scheme of time-varying phase based on quantum weak measurement theory using light intensity detection. In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a time-varying parameter estimation scheme for full phase estimation based on quantum weak measurement theory, which can simultaneously achieve phase estimation with optimal accuracy and optimal phase amplification factor, further expanding the application scope of weak measurement technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an optimal precision phase compensation method for real-time estimation of time-varying phase based on quantum weak measurement theory using light intensity detection.

[0007] The present invention provides an optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: constructing a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying parameters based on light intensity detection, and determining the optimal reference phase adjustment interval of the time-varying phase by applying an external signal;

[0009] Step S2: Start measuring and calculate the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment;

[0010] Step S3: According to the optimal reference phase adjustment interval set in step S1 and the calculation result of step S2, adjust the relevant parameters and adjust the reference phase so that the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment works in the optimal interval;

[0011] Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 to achieve real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase;

[0012] Step S5: Wait until the measurement is completed;

[0013] The step S1 comprises:

[0014] Step S1.1: Introduce an external signal into the optical platform to obtain the linear range under different reference phases;

[0015] Step S1.2: Determine the optimal reference phase adjustment point corresponding to the phase change of different magnitudes according to the measured linear intervals under different reference phases

[0016] Step S1.3: Determine the phase adjustment range allowed for different phases according to the degree of change of the external signal The optimal reference phase adjustment interval can be determined

[0017] Preferably, the optical platform in step S1 includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform.

[0018] For dual-path real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the light emitted by light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process, and then a time-varying phase generated by an external signal is generated during the interaction process. Then the light is split into two paths through the beam splitter 2: the first path of light and the second path of light; the first path of light is phase-adjusted through the first reference phase; after the first post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; the second path of light passes through the reflector 3 and then is phase-adjusted through the second reference phase; after the second post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; finally, the two paths of light are received by the balanced detector 4 for intensity detection and data processing, and the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector are respectively connected to the computer 5;

[0019] Among them, the first reference phase and the second reference phase are opposite numbers, that is, their absolute values ​​are equal, and their absolute values ​​are recorded as The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the previous selection process is τ 12 , where ε 11 With ε 12They are opposite numbers, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |;

[0020] For a single-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by light source 1 is divided into two paths of light by beam splitter 2: the first path of light and the second path of light; the first path of light is modulated into a preset pre-selected state by pre-selection process 2; and then the phase generated by the external signal is generated in the interaction process. After the third reference phase is used for phase adjustment, after the third post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; finally, the light is received by the first photodetector 6 for intensity detection, and the second light is received by the second photodetector 7 for intensity detection. The computer 5 processes the light received by the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7; the third reference phase, the first photodetector 6, and the second photodetector 7 are connected to the computer 5 respectively; wherein the third reference phase is recorded as The angle between the third post-selection process and the pre-selection process is denoted as ε2.

[0021] Preferably, in step S2,

[0022] An unknown external signal is introduced to generate a time-varying phase parameter to be measured; a weak measurement system is used to measure the time-varying phase parameter, and an estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment is calculated based on the measured value of the time-varying phase parameter at the current moment;

[0023] For dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0024] For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators I(t) is the detection light intensity; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0025] Preferably, the step S3 comprises:

[0026] Step S3.1: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the observed value in the current observation index

[0027] Step S3.2: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment Whether it is in the optimal reference phase adjustment range;

[0028] Step S3.3: Judgment step, use Compared with the optimal reference phase adjustment interval, if If it is not in the optimal adjustment range, the reference phase is adjusted; If it is in the optimal adjustment range, the next measurement is carried out directly.

[0029] An optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology includes the following modules:

[0030] Module M1: Build a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying parameters based on light intensity detection, and determine the optimal reference phase adjustment range of the time-varying phase by applying an external signal;

[0031] Module M2: Start measurement and calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment;

[0032] Module M3: According to the optimal reference phase adjustment interval set by module M1 and the calculation result of module M2, adjust the relevant parameters, adjust the reference phase, so that the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment works in the optimal interval;

[0033] Module M4: repeatedly triggers the operation of modules M2 and M3 to achieve real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase;

[0034] Module M5: Waiting for measurement to be completed;

[0035] The module M1 comprises:

[0036] Module M1.1: Introduce external signals into the optical platform to obtain the linear range under different reference phases;

[0037] Module M1.2: Determine the optimal reference phase adjustment point corresponding to the phase change of different sizes according to the measured linear interval under different reference phases

[0038] Module M1.3: Determine the allowable phase adjustment range of different phases according to the degree of change of the external signal The optimal reference phase adjustment interval can be determined

[0039] Preferably, the optical platform in the module M1 includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform.

[0040] For dual-path real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the light emitted by light source 1 is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process, and then a time-varying phase generated by an external signal is generated during the interaction process. Then the light is split into two paths through the beam splitter 2: the first path of light and the second path of light; the first path of light is phase-adjusted through the first reference phase; after the first post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; the second path of light passes through the reflector 3 and then is phase-adjusted through the second reference phase; after the second post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; finally, the two paths of light are received by the balanced detector 4 for intensity detection and data processing, and the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector are respectively connected to the computer 5;

[0041] Among them, the first reference phase and the second reference phase are opposite numbers, that is, their absolute values ​​are equal, and their absolute values ​​are recorded as The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is τ 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the previous selection process is ε 12 , where ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |;

[0042] For a single-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by light source 1 is divided into two paths of light by beam splitter 2: the first path of light and the second path of light; the first path of light is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process; and then a phase difference is generated due to the action of an external signal in the interaction process. After the third reference phase is used for phase adjustment, after the third post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; finally, the light is received by the first photodetector 6 for intensity detection, and the second light is received by the second photodetector 7 for intensity detection. The computer 5 processes the light received by the first photodetector 6 and the second photodetector 7; the third reference phase, the first photodetector 6, and the second photodetector 7 are connected to the computer 5 respectively; wherein the third reference phase is recorded as The angle between the third post-selection process and the pre-selection process is denoted as ε2.

[0043] Preferably, in the module M2,

[0044] An unknown external signal is introduced to generate a time-varying phase parameter to be measured; a weak measurement system is used to measure the time-varying phase parameter, and an estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment is calculated based on the measured value of the time-varying phase parameter at the current moment;

[0045] For dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0046] For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators I(t) is the detection light intensity; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0047] Preferably, the module M3 comprises:

[0048] Module M3.1: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the observed value in the current observation index

[0049] Module M3.2: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment Whether it is in the optimal reference phase adjustment range;

[0050] Module M3.3: Judgment steps, use Compared with the optimal reference phase adjustment interval, if If it is not in the optimal adjustment range, the reference phase is adjusted; If it is in the optimal adjustment range, the next measurement is carried out directly.

[0051] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of an optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology are implemented.

[0052] An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of an optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology are implemented.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] 1. From the overall technical perspective, the present invention can achieve phase estimation with optimal accuracy and optimal phase amplification factor, further expanding the application scope of weak measurement;

[0055] 2. The present invention has a wide range of applications and can be used for single-channel real-time light intensity measurement and detection, as well as dual-channel real-time light intensity measurement and detection.

[0056] 3. The present invention sets an adjustment threshold according to the fluctuation of the signal to be measured by comparing the corresponding relationship between the linear interval of the scheme and the reference phase, and can achieve the optimal accuracy and the best phase amplification factor in the real-time estimation of the time-varying phase. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0058] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of dual-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement;

[0060] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of single-channel real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement;

[0061] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the optimal phase adjustment point and tolerance range.

[0062] As shown in the figure:

[0063]

[0064] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology, comprising:

[0067] Step S1: constructing a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying parameters based on light intensity detection, and determining the optimal reference phase adjustment interval of the time-varying phase by applying an external signal;

[0068] Step S2: Start measuring and calculate the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment;

[0069] Step S3: According to the optimal reference phase adjustment interval set in step S1 and the calculation result of step S2, adjust the relevant parameters and adjust the reference phase so that the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment works in the optimal interval;

[0070] Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 to achieve real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase;

[0071] Step S5: Wait until the measurement is completed;

[0072] The step S1 comprises:

[0073] Step S1.1: Introduce an external signal into the optical platform to obtain the linear range under different reference phases;

[0074] Step S1.2: Determine the optimal reference phase adjustment point corresponding to the phase change of different magnitudes according to the measured linear intervals under different reference phases

[0075] Step S1.3: Determine the phase adjustment range allowed for different phases according to the degree of change of the external signal The optimal reference phase adjustment interval can be determined

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, the two-way real-time detection weak measurement in its range includes: the pre-selection process is A, the interaction process is B, the first reference phase is C, the second reference phase is D, the first post-selection process is E, and the second post-selection process is F;

[0077] The light emitted by the light source goes through a pre-selection process, and then generates a phase due to the action of an external signal during the interaction process, and then is divided into two light paths through a beam splitter: the first light path and the second light path; the first light path is phase-adjusted through the first reference phase and goes through the first post-selection process, and the second light path passes through a reflector and then undergoes phase adjustment through the second reference phase and the second post-selection process; finally, the two light paths are received by a balanced detector for intensity detection and data processing, and the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector are connected to a computer respectively; wherein the first reference phase and the second reference phase are opposite to each other, and the angles between the first post-selection process and the second post-selection process and the pre-selection process are also opposite to each other. For dual-path real-time light intensity detection and weak measurement, the observation index Among them, I0 is the light source intensity, I1 and I2 are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the single-channel real-time detection weak measurement within its scope includes: the third reference phase is G, the third post-selection process is H;

[0079] The light emitted by the light source is divided into two paths of light through a beam splitter: a first path of light and a second path of light; the first path of light undergoes a pre-selection process, and then generates a phase due to an external signal in the interaction process, undergoes a phase adjustment through a third reference phase, undergoes a third post-selection process, and is finally received by the first photodetector for intensity detection, and the second path of light is received by the second photodetector for intensity detection, and the computer processes data on the light received by the first photodetector and the second photodetector; the third reference phase, the first photodetector, and the second photodetector are connected to the computer respectively. For single-path real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the observation index I(t) is the detection light intensity; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, for dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the observation index Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively. It can be found that when satisfying When the weak measurement condition It can be approximated as Let “<<” be a fixed positive constant k, The range is when When ξ is a constant 4k, and for the phase value sound Can achieve the best magnification and optimal accuracy.

[0081] For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators I(t) is the detection light intensity. When the weak measurement condition It can be approximated as The range is when When R is a constant 2k, and for the phase value Can achieve the best magnification and optimal accuracy.

[0082] When the phase is exactly at the boundary of the set linear interval, its slope is the largest, that is, the sensitivity is the largest, and it can reach the maximum Fisher information, which can just achieve the best phase amplification factor and the optimal phase estimation. It can be considered that the current weak measurement system is optimal.

[0083] Preferably, step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0084] Step S3.1: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the observed value in the current observation index

[0085] Step S3.2: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment Whether it is in the optimal reference phase adjustment range;

[0086] Step S3.3: Judgment step, use Compared with the optimal reference phase adjustment interval, if If it is not in the optimal adjustment range, the reference phase is adjusted; If it is in the optimal adjustment range, the next measurement is carried out directly.

[0087] From the overall technical perspective, the present invention can achieve phase estimation that simultaneously achieves optimal accuracy and achieves the optimal phase magnification, further expanding the scope of weak measurement applications; the present invention has a wide range of applications and can be used for single-channel real-time light intensity measurement detection, as well as dual-channel real-time light intensity measurement detection. The present invention sets an adjustment threshold according to the fluctuation of the signal to be measured by comparing the corresponding relationship between the linear interval of the scheme and the reference phase, and can achieve the optimal accuracy and the optimal phase magnification in the real-time estimation of the time-varying phase.

[0088] The present invention also provides an optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology. The optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology can be realized by executing the process steps of the optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology, that is, technical personnel in this field can understand the optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology as a preferred implementation mode of the optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology.

[0089] An optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology includes the following modules:

[0090] Module M1: Build a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying parameters based on light intensity detection, and determine the optimal reference phase adjustment range of the time-varying phase by applying an external signal; Module M2: Start measurement and calculate the estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment; Module M3: According to the optimal reference phase adjustment range set by module M1 and the calculation result of module M2, adjust the relevant parameters, and adjust the reference phase so that the estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment works in the optimal range; Module M4: Repeatedly trigger the operation of modules M2 and M3 to achieve real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase; Module M5: Wait for the measurement to end;

[0091] The module M1 comprises:

[0092] Module M1.1: Introduce external signals into the optical platform to obtain the linear range under different reference phases; Module M1.2: Determine the optimal reference phase adjustment point corresponding to the introduction of different magnitudes of time-varying phases based on the measured linear range under different reference phases Module M1.3: Determine the allowable phase adjustment range of different phases according to the degree of change of the external signal The optimal reference phase adjustment interval can be determined

[0093] Specifically, the optical platform in the module M1 includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform. For the dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the light emitted by the light source is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process, and then a time-varying phase generated by the external signal is generated during the interaction process. Then it is divided into two paths of light through a beam splitter: a first path of light and a second path of light; the first path of light is phase-adjusted through a first reference phase; after a first post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state, and after the second path of light passes through a reflector, it is phase-adjusted through a second reference phase; after a second post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state; finally, the two paths of light are received by a balanced detector for intensity detection and data processing, and the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector are connected to a computer respectively; wherein the first reference phase and the second reference phase are opposite numbers to each other, that is, their absolute values ​​are equal, and their absolute values ​​are recorded as The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the previous selection process is ε 12 , where ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |;

[0094] For a single-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source is divided into two paths through a beam splitter: the first path and the second path. The first path is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process. Then, the phase generated by the external signal is generated during the interaction process. After the third reference phase is used for phase adjustment, after the third post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on the preset post-selection state; finally, the light is received by the first photodetector for intensity detection, and the second light is received by the second photodetector for intensity detection, and the computer processes the light received by the first photodetector and the second photodetector; the third reference phase, the first photodetector, and the second photodetector are connected to the computer respectively; wherein the third reference phase is recorded as The angle between the third post-selection process and the pre-selection process is denoted as ε2.

[0095] Specifically, in the module M2, an unknown external signal is introduced to generate a time-varying phase parameter to be measured; a weak measurement system is used to measure the time-varying phase parameter, and an estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment is calculated based on the measured value of the time-varying phase parameter at the current moment;

[0096] For dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light intensity of the light source, I1(t) and I2(t) are the first and second detection light intensities respectively; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0097] For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators I(t) is the detection light intensity; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate

[0098] Specifically, the module M3 includes: Module M3.1: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment according to the observation quantity in the current observation index Module M3.2: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment Is it in the optimal reference phase adjustment range? Module M3.3: Judgment step, use Compared with the optimal reference phase adjustment interval, if If it is not in the optimal adjustment range, the reference phase is adjusted; If it is in the optimal adjustment range, the next measurement is carried out directly.

[0099] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of an optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology are implemented.

[0100] An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of an optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology are implemented.

[0101] It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, in addition to implementing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in a purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same functions in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for realizing various functions can also be regarded as both software modules for realizing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0102] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. An optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: constructing a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying parameters based on light intensity detection, and determining the optimal reference phase adjustment interval of the time-varying phase by applying an external signal; Step S2: Start measuring and calculate the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment; Step S3: According to the optimal reference phase adjustment interval set in step S1 and the calculation result of step S2, the relevant parameters are adjusted so that the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment works in the optimal interval; Step S4: repeating steps S2 and S3 to achieve real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase; Step S5: Wait until the measurement is completed; The step S1 comprises: Step S1.1: Introduce an external signal into the optical platform to obtain the linear range under different reference phases; Step S1.2: Determine the optimal reference phase adjustment point corresponding to the phase change of different magnitudes according to the measured linear intervals under different reference phases Step S1.3: Determine the phase adjustment range allowed for different phases according to the degree of change of the external signal The optimal reference phase adjustment interval can be determined 2. The optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical platform in step S1 includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform. For dual-path real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the light emitted by the light source (1) is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process, and then a time-varying phase generated by the external signal is generated during the interaction process. Then the light is split into two paths through a beam splitter (2): a first path of light and a second path of light; the first path of light is phase-adjusted through a first reference phase; after a first post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state, and the second path of light is phase-adjusted through a second reference phase after passing through a reflector (3); After the second post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state; finally, the two paths of light are received by a balanced detector (4) for intensity detection and data processing, and the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector are respectively connected to a computer (5); Among them, the first reference phase and the second reference phase are opposite numbers, that is, their absolute values ​​are equal, and their absolute values ​​are recorded as The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the previous selection process is ε 12 , where ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |; For a single-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source (1) is divided into two paths of light through a beam splitter (2): a first path of light and a second path of light; the first path of light is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process (2); and then a phase difference is generated due to the action of an external signal in the interaction process. After the third reference phase is used for phase adjustment, after the third post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state; finally, the light is received by the first photodetector (6) for intensity detection, and the second light is received by the second photodetector (7) for intensity detection, and the computer (5) performs data processing on the light received by the first photodetector (6) and the second photodetector (7); the third reference phase, the first photodetector (6), and the second photodetector (7) are connected to the computer (5) respectively; wherein the third reference phase is recorded as The angle between the third post-selection process and the pre-selection process is denoted as ε2.

3. The optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, An unknown external signal is introduced to generate a time-varying phase parameter to be measured; a weak measurement system is used to measure the time-varying phase parameter, and an estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment is calculated based on the measured value of the time-varying phase parameter at the current moment; For dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light source intensity, I1() and I2() are the first and second detection light intensities respectively; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators I(t) is the detection light intensity; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate 4. The optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 comprises: Step S3.1: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the observed value in the current observation index Step S3.2: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment Whether it is in the optimal reference phase adjustment range; Step S3.3: Judgment step, use Compared with the optimal reference phase adjustment interval, if If it is not in the optimal adjustment range, the reference phase is adjusted; If it is in the optimal adjustment range, the next measurement is carried out directly.

5. An optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: Module M1: Build a quantum weak measurement optical platform for real-time estimation of time-varying parameters based on light intensity detection, and determine the optimal reference phase adjustment range of the time-varying phase by applying an external signal; Module M2: Start measurement and calculate the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment; Module M3: According to the optimal reference phase adjustment interval set by module M1 and the calculation result of module M2, adjust the relevant parameters so that the time-varying phase estimation value at the current moment works in the optimal interval; Module M4: repeatedly triggers the operation of modules M2 and M3 to achieve real-time optimal estimation of the time-varying phase; Module M5: Waiting for measurement to be completed; The module M1 comprises: Module M1.1: Introduce external signals into the optical platform to obtain the linear range under different reference phases; Module M1.2: Determine the optimal reference phase adjustment point corresponding to the phase change of different sizes according to the measured linear interval under different reference phases Module M1.3: Determine the allowable phase adjustment range of different phases according to the degree of change of the external signal The optimal reference phase adjustment interval can be determined 6. The optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optical platform in the module M1 includes a dual-channel real-time detection weak measurement platform and a single-channel real-time single-detection weak measurement platform. For dual-path real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, the light emitted by the light source (1) is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process, and then a time-varying phase generated by the external signal is generated during the interaction process. Then the light is split into two paths through a beam splitter (2): a first path of light and a second path of light; the first path of light is phase-adjusted through a first reference phase; after a first post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state, and the second path of light is phase-adjusted through a second reference phase after passing through a reflector (3); After the second post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state; finally, the two paths of light are received by a balanced detector (4) for intensity detection and data processing, and the first reference phase, the second reference phase and the balanced detector are respectively connected to a computer (5); Among them, the first reference phase and the second reference phase are opposite numbers, that is, their absolute values ​​are equal, and their absolute values ​​are recorded as The angle between the first post-selection process and the first selection process is ε 11 , the angle between the second post-selection process and the previous selection process is ε 12 , where ε 11 With ε 12 They are opposite numbers, ε1=|ε 11 |=|ε 12 |; For a single-path real-time detection weak measurement platform, the light emitted by the light source (1) is divided into two paths of light through a beam splitter (2): a first path of light and a second path of light; the first path of light is modulated into a preset pre-selected state through a pre-selection process (2); and then a phase difference is generated due to the action of an external signal in the interaction process. After the third reference phase is used for phase adjustment, after the third post-selection process, projection measurement is performed on a preset post-selection state; finally, the light is received by the first photodetector (6) for intensity detection, and the second light is received by the second photodetector (7) for intensity detection, and the computer (5) performs data processing on the light received by the first photodetector (6) and the second photodetector (7); the third reference phase, the first photodetector (6), and the second photodetector (7) are connected to the computer (5) respectively; wherein the third reference phase is recorded as The angle between the third post-selection process and the pre-selection process is denoted as ε2.

7. The optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the module M2, An unknown external signal is introduced to generate a time-varying phase parameter to be measured; a weak measurement system is used to measure the time-varying phase parameter, and an estimated value of the time-varying phase at the current moment is calculated based on the measured value of the time-varying phase parameter at the current moment; For dual-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators Among them, I0 is the light source intensity, I1() and I2() are the first and second detection light intensities respectively; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate For single-channel real-time light intensity detection weak measurement, observation indicators I(t) is the detection light intensity; at t j At the moment, the time-varying phase estimate 8. The optimal phase compensation system based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The module M3 comprises: Module M3.1: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment based on the observed value in the current observation index Module M3.2: Determine the time-varying phase estimate at the current moment Whether it is in the optimal reference phase adjustment range; Module M3.3: Judgment steps, use Compared with the optimal reference phase adjustment interval, if If it is not in the optimal adjustment range, the reference phase is adjusted; If it is in the optimal adjustment range, the next measurement is carried out directly.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the optimal phase compensation method based on light intensity detection weak measurement technology described in any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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