Pre-sowing seedbed and seed ditch compacting and molding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-sowing seedbed and seed ditch compacting and molding device, and belongs to agricultural machinery. An n-shaped frame is hung and installed through a parallel four-rod profiling mechanism, a main shaft is rotatably supported and installed on the n-shaped frame, cylindrical seedbed plastic press rollers with inner gear rings are rotatably sleeved on the two side portions and the middle portion of the main shaft respectively, and conical disc-shaped seed ditch plastic press wheels are fixedly installed on the two side portions and the middle portion of the main shaft respectively. Two base plates and a gear shaft supporting plate which are fixedly connected with the n-shaped frame can be sleeved on the main shaft in a relatively rotating mode, a rotating speed controller and a stepping motor are fixedly installed on the base plates, a driving cylindrical gear is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the motor, and a cylindrical gear I and a cylindrical gear II are rotatably installed between the base plates and the gear shaft supporting plate through a gear shaft I and a gear shaft II. The cylindrical gear III is fixedly arranged on the main shaft, the driving cylindrical gear is meshed with the inner gear ring, the cylindrical gear I is respectively meshed with the inner gear ring and the cylindrical gear II, and the cylindrical gear II is meshed with the cylindrical gear III; the device improves the consistency and compactness of soil in seed beds and seed ditches, and soil hilling is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a device which uses a plastic pressing structure to complete seed bed and seed furrow processing before sowing operation. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the efficiency and precision of seeding technology directly affect the growth quality and yield of crops. At present, the seed bed seed furrow processing is mostly completed by single disc or double disc seed bed seed furrow opener. In many years of production practice, due to the single disc or double disc furrow opener using the passive rotation of the tractor to form furrows, the quality of the constructed seed bed seed furrow and the operation effect cannot adapt to and meet the high-level seeding agronomic technical operation requirements. There are many technical defects such as soil filling after work and irregular shape of seed bed seed furrow. On the one hand, this defect will cause excessive soil disturbance during operation and destroy the soil structure; on the other hand, it will make the seeds after sowing unable to fully contact with the seed bed seed furrow soil, the seeds will leak due to poor sealing, and the temperature of the seed bed seed furrow soil will be low. At the same time, the loose seed bed seed furrow soil affects the soil siphoning ability, reduces the moisture content of the seed bed seed furrow soil, and is not conducive to seed rooting and root growth. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and, in combination with the actual needs of agricultural production, to study and design a device for compacting and shaping the seed bed and seed furrow before sowing, so as to achieve the purpose of constructing a seed bed and seed furrow with compact soil, regular shape, high soil temperature and moisture content, strong adaptability of the machine, high degree of automation of control, and avoidance of slipping and soil accumulation.

[0004] The purpose of the invention is achieved as follows: a Π-shaped frame is suspended and installed on a parallel four-bar profiling mechanism, a main shaft is rotatably supported and installed on the vertical wall plates on both sides of the Π-shaped frame, a conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel is fixedly installed on the middle part of the main shaft on the inner side of the vertical wall plates on both sides of the Π-shaped frame, cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing rollers are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the main shaft at the positions on both sides of the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel, a seat plate is relatively rotatably mounted on the main shaft at the position between the vertical wall plates on both sides of the Π-shaped frame and the opposite cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller, the seat plate is fixedly connected to the Π-shaped frame by a fastener group, a gear shaft support plate is relatively rotatably mounted on the main shaft at the position inside the groove cavity of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller, and a gear shaft I and a gear shaft II are respectively supported and inserted in parallel on the relatively arranged seat plate and gear shaft support plate, and the cylindrical gear I and the cylindrical gear II are respectively rotatably mounted on the gear On the wheel shaft I and the gear shaft II, an inner gear ring is fixedly installed on the circumferential inner wall surface of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller, the cylindrical gear III is fixedly installed on the main shaft, the speed controller and the stepper motor are fixedly installed on the base plate, and the active cylindrical gear is rotatably mounted on the power output shaft of the stepper motor, the active cylindrical gear is meshed with the inner gear ring, the cylindrical gear I is respectively meshed with the inner gear ring and the cylindrical gear II, and the cylindrical gear III is meshed with the cylindrical gear II; the transmission ratio of the cylindrical gear I and the cylindrical gear III is a speed increase ratio; the diameter size of the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel is larger than the diameter size of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller; the speed controller is composed of a GPS module, a microcontroller, a button module, a display screen, and a motor driver. The microcontroller is connected to the GPS module, the button module, the display screen, and the motor driver through wires, and the wires connect the stepper motor with the motor driver of the speed controller, thereby forming a seed bed seed groove compaction and shaping device before sowing.

[0005] The invention has a novel, unique and reasonable structure, and adopts a seed bed seed ditch structure and a speed automatic control device constructed by combining rolling and extrusion, which greatly improves the compactness of the soil in the seed bed seed ditch and avoids soil accumulation. The invention has a novel structure, improves soil permeability and water retention, reduces soil erosion, and ensures that the seeds are in close and sufficient contact with the seed ditch soil, thereby ensuring and promoting the seed germination rate and the quality of plant growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for compacting and shaping the seed furrow of a seed bed before sowing;

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A-A sectional view;

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 B-B sectional view;

[0009] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel;

[0010] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller;

[0011] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the seat plate structure;

[0012] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the gear shaft support plate structure.

[0013] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0014] 1. Parallel four-bar profiling mechanism, 2. Π-shaped frame, 3. Speed ​​controller, 3-1. GPS module, 3-2. Microcontroller, 3-3. Key module, 3-4 display screen, 3-5 motor driver, 4. Fastener group, 5. Stepper motor, 6. Spindle, 7. Base plate, 8. Cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller, 9. Conical disc seed groove plastic pressing wheel, 10. Internal gear ring, 11. Cylindrical gear I, 12. Gear shaft I, 13. Cylindrical gear II, 14. Gear shaft II, 15. Cylindrical gear III, 16. Gear shaft support plate, 17. Active cylindrical gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A pre-sowing seed bed seed furrow compaction and shaping device, characterized in that: a parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 1 is suspended and installed on a Π-shaped frame 2, a main shaft 6 is rotatably supported and installed on the vertical wall panels on both sides of the Π-shaped frame 2, a conical disc-shaped seed furrow plastic pressing wheel 9 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 6 at the middle part of the inner side of the vertical wall panels on both sides of the Π-shaped frame 2, and cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing rollers 8 are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the main shaft 6 and at the two sides of the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plastic pressing wheel 9. The seat plate 7 is relatively rotatably mounted between the wall plate and the relative cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8, and the seat plate 7 is fixedly connected to the Π-shaped frame 2 through a fastener group 4. The gear shaft support plate 16 is relatively rotatably mounted on the main shaft 6 and located inside the groove cavity of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8. The gear shaft I12 and the gear shaft II14 are respectively supported and inserted on the relatively configured seat plate 7 and the gear shaft support plate 16 in parallel with each other. The cylindrical gear I11 and the cylindrical gear II13 are respectively rotatably mounted on the gear shaft I12 and the gear shaft Ⅱ14, an inner gear ring 10 is fixed on the circumferential inner wall surface of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8, a cylindrical gear Ⅲ15 is fixed on the main shaft 6, a speed controller 3 and a stepping motor 5 are fixed on the base plate 7, and a driving cylindrical gear 17 is rotatably mounted on the power output shaft of the stepping motor 5, the driving cylindrical gear 17 is meshed with the inner gear ring 10, the cylindrical gear Ⅰ13 is meshed with the inner gear ring 10 and the cylindrical gear Ⅱ13 respectively, and the cylindrical gear Ⅲ15 is meshed with the cylindrical gear Ⅱ13; the cylindrical gear Ⅰ11 is meshed with the cylindrical gear Ⅲ1 5 transmission ratio is a speed increase ratio; the diameter of the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel 9 is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8; the speed controller 3 is composed of a GPS module 3-1, a microcontroller 3-2, a key module 3-3, a display screen 3-4, and a motor driver 3-5. The microcontroller 3-2 is connected to the GPS module 3-1, the key module 3-3, the display screen 3-4, and the motor driver 3-5 through wires, and the wires connect the stepping motor 5 with the motor driver 3-5 of the speed controller 3.

[0016] During operation, the speed controller 3 is powered by the built-in battery of the tractor equipped with a 12V to 5V power conversion module, and the device is installed as a whole on the corresponding position of the seeding machine using the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 1 and moves forward randomly. Under the combined action of the gravity of the device and the elastic force of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 1, the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8 and the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel 9 are in close contact with the soil. When the device is running with the seeding machine, it is powered by the stepper motor 5. The motor shaft of the stepper motor 5 drives the active cylindrical gear 17 fixed thereon to rotate. The active cylindrical gear 17 drives the inner gear ring 10 and the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8 fixed on the inner gear ring 10 to rotate on the main shaft 6. While the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8 performs and completes the soil pressing operation at the seed bed, the rotating inner gear ring 10 drives the main shaft 6 to rotate in sequence through the cylindrical gear I 11, the cylindrical gear II 13, and the cylindrical gear III 15. The rotating main shaft 6 drives the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel 9 to rotate in the same direction as the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8, and the diameter size is larger than the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8. The conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel 9 presses a triangular seed groove in the middle part of the seed bed. Based on the transmission ratio between the cylindrical gear Ⅰ11 and the cylindrical gear Ⅲ15 being the speed-up ratio, the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel 9 with faster rotation speed and linear speed produces a relative translational sliding and pressing effect on the side wall and bottom wall of the seed groove, which not only makes the soil in the seed groove tighter and firmer, but also makes the shape of the seed groove more precise; the speed controller 3 monitors the real-time forward speed of the seeding machine through the GPS module 3-1, and automatically adjusts the speed of the stepping motor 5, so that the circumferential line speed of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller 8 is consistent with the forward speed of the seeding machine, so that the device does not slip or mulch during operation, thereby ensuring normal operation of the machine.

Claims

1. A device for compacting and shaping seed furrows in seed beds before sowing, characterized in that: A Π-shaped frame (2) is suspended and installed below the parallelogram four-bar profiling mechanism (1), and a main shaft (6) is rotatably supported and installed on the vertical wall panels on both sides of the Π-shaped frame (2). A conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel (9) is fixedly installed on the middle part of the main shaft (6) located on the inner side of the vertical wall panels on both sides of the Π-shaped frame (2). On the main shaft (6), at the two sides of the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel (9), cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing rollers (8) are symmetrically and rotatably mounted respectively. On the main shaft (6), at the two sides of the vertical wall panels on the Π-shaped frame (2) and the opposite cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing rollers (8), a cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller (8) is mounted on the main shaft (6). A seat plate (7) is mounted on the main shaft (6) so as to be relatively rotatable at the intermediate position, the seat plate (7) is fixedly connected to the Π-shaped frame (2) through a fastener group (4), a gear shaft support plate (16) is mounted on the main shaft (6) so as to be relatively rotatable at the position inside the groove cavity of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller (8), and the gear shaft I (12) and the gear shaft II (14) are respectively supported and inserted in parallel on the relatively arranged seat plate (7) and the gear shaft support plate (16), and the cylindrical gear I (11) and the cylindrical gear II (13) are respectively rotatably mounted on the gear shaft I (12) and the gear shaft II (14), and the cylindrical gear I (11) and the cylindrical gear II (13) are respectively ... cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller (8) so as to be relatively rotatable at the intermediate position, and the cylindrical gear I (11) and the cylindrical gear II (13) are respectively mounted on the gear shaft I (12) and the gear shaft II (14), and the cylindrical gear I (11) and the cylindrical gear II (13) are respectively mounted on the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller (8) An inner gear ring (10) is fixedly mounted on the inner circumferential wall surface of the pressing roller (8), a cylindrical gear III (15) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (6), a speed controller (3) and a stepping motor (5) are fixedly mounted on a base plate (7), a driving cylindrical gear (17) is rotatably mounted on the power output shaft of the stepping motor (5), the driving cylindrical gear (17) is meshed with the inner gear ring (10), the cylindrical gear I (13) is meshed with the inner gear ring (10) and the cylindrical gear II (13) respectively, and the cylindrical gear III (15) is meshed with the cylindrical gear II (13); the transmission ratio of the cylindrical gear I (11) to the cylindrical gear III (15) is ascending. speed ratio; the diameter of the conical disc-shaped seed groove plastic pressing wheel (9) is greater than the diameter of the cylindrical seed bed plastic pressing roller (8); the speed controller (3) is composed of a GPS module (3-1), a microcontroller (3-2), a key module (3-3), a display screen (3-4), and a motor driver (3-5); the microcontroller (3-2) is connected to the GPS module (3-1), the key module (3-3), the display screen (3-4), and the motor driver (3-5) through wires, and the wires connect the stepping motor (5) to the motor driver (3-5) of the speed controller (3).

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