Graphene-based high-performance environment-friendly lubricating oil and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of graphene super-lubrication performance application, and discloses graphene-based high-performance environment-friendly lubricating oil and a preparation process thereof.The graphene-based high-performance environment-friendly lubricating oil comprises (a) 0.5-2% by weight of a multilayer graphene nanosheet, and the surface of the multilayer graphene nanosheet is coated with a layer of thickness-controllable metal oxide film through an atomic layer deposition technology; (b) 97 to 99.4 weight percent of high-purity PAO synthetic oil; (c) 0.1-1% by weight of a multifunctional biodegradable additive comprising a novel antioxidant and an anti-wear agent extracted from marine microorganisms; the surface of the graphene nanosheet is coated with a layer of metal oxide film through an atomic layer deposition technology, so that the graphene nanosheet can respond to temperature and pressure changes, the self-repairing mechanism and stability of the lubricating oil are enhanced, and the self-repairing performance of the lubricating oil is improved by controlling the size and surface modification of the graphene nanosheet. The lubricating oil disclosed by the invention shows excellent lubricating property and anti-wear protection effect under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure, extreme temperature and heavy load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of application of graphene super lubricity, and in particular to a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricating oil and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Although traditional lubricants meet the lubrication needs of mechanical equipment to a certain extent, they are obviously insufficient in terms of environmental performance, intelligent response capabilities, and the ability to cope with extreme working conditions. Conventional lubricants often rely on petroleum-based raw materials, which are not only limited in resources, but also may produce harmful substances during production and use, which burdens the environment. In addition, the lubrication performance, anti-wear protection and stability of traditional lubricants are often difficult to meet the requirements under high temperature, high pressure, extreme temperature and heavy load conditions.

[0003] In recent years, with the rise of graphene materials, graphene is widely considered to be an ideal additive to improve lubricant performance due to its unique physical and chemical properties, such as high thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength and good interface compatibility. However, how to effectively disperse graphene nanosheets and how to functionally modify them without destroying their performance has always been a challenge facing the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant and a preparation process thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant and a preparation process thereof, comprising: (a) 0.5-2% by weight of multilayer graphene nanosheets, the surface of which is coated with a metal oxide film of controllable thickness by atomic layer deposition (ALD); (b) 97-99.4% by weight high purity PAO synthetic oil; (c) 0.1-1% by weight of a multifunctional biodegradable additive comprising a novel antioxidant and anti-wear agent extracted from marine microorganisms, and a biopolymer thickener; (d) 0.01-0.5% by weight of nano-scale molybdenum disulfide; (e) 0.01-0.1% by weight of nano-diamond powder; (f) 0.001-0.05% by weight of an antimicrobial agent.

[0006] Preferably, the graphene nanosheets have an average thickness of less than 3 nm and an average diameter of between 1 and 3 μm, and are prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition combined with laser lift-off technology.

[0007] Preferably, the metal oxide film is titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, and its thickness is in the range of 1-5 nm.

[0008] Preferably, the biopolymer thickener in the multifunctional biodegradable additive is derived from sodium alginate.

[0009] The present invention also provides a process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant, comprising the following steps: (a) Under the synergistic effect of ultrasound and microwaves, the modified graphene nanosheets are dispersed in a green solvent system to form a highly stable suspension. (b) preheating high-purity PAO synthetic oil to 105-110°C and introducing inert gas under magnetic stirring; (c) under the assistance of ultrasonic cavitation effect, the suspension in step (a) is rapidly injected into the base oil in step (b), and the pre-prepared multifunctional biodegradable additive, nano-scale molybdenum disulfide, nano-diamond powder and antibacterial agent are added at the same time, and the overall temperature is controlled not to exceed 115° C.; (d) Supercritical fluid extraction technology combined with a nanofiltration system is used to efficiently remove undispersed graphene particles and impurities while concentrating the target components; (e) Using pulse evaporation technology under vacuum conditions to evaporate the solvent with a mild temperature and pressure gradient, followed by rapid freeze drying technology under inert gas protection to obtain the finished product Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment frequency is 40-60kHz, the power density is 0.6-1.0W / cm², the microwave power is 500-800W, and the time is controlled at 20-30 minutes.

[0010] Preferably, the supercritical fluid extraction technology uses carbon dioxide as the fluid medium, the pressure is controlled at 70-100 bar, the temperature is 35-45° C., and the duration is not less than 40 minutes.

[0011] Preferably, the pulse evaporation technology adopts intermittent heating, the temperature is controlled at 55-75°C, and the pressure is 0.01-0.1 mmHg.

[0012] Preferably, the rapid freeze-drying technology is carried out at an absolute pressure of ≤0.01 mmHg, the temperature is reduced to below -40°C, and the duration is not less than 2 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the finished product is sealed and packaged in an inert gas environment using a multi-layer composite material that is moisture-proof, oxygen-proof and UV-proof.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) This solution coats the surface of graphene nanosheets with a metal oxide film, such as TiO2 or ZnO, by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology, so that the graphene nanosheets can respond intelligently to changes in temperature and pressure, thereby enhancing the self-healing mechanism and stability of the lubricant. By precisely controlling the size and surface modification of the graphene nanosheets, and optimizing the selection and ratio of the base oil and additives, the lubricant of the present invention exhibits excellent lubrication performance and anti-wear protection effects under high temperature, high pressure, extreme temperature and heavy load conditions.

[0015] (2) This scheme significantly improves the environmental performance of lubricating oil and reduces its negative impact on the environment by using multifunctional biodegradable additives, including antioxidants and anti-wear agents extracted from marine microorganisms, and biopolymer thickeners derived from sodium alginate.

[0016] (3) This scheme ensures the uniform dispersion of graphene nanosheets, the effective integration of additives and the high quality of the finished product by adopting advanced preparation technologies such as ultrasound, microwave, supercritical fluid extraction, pulse evaporation and rapid freeze drying; (4) This solution further enhances the anti-wear, friction reduction and antibacterial properties of the lubricant by adding nano-scale molybdenum disulfide, nano-diamond powder and antibacterial agents, making the lubricant adaptable to a wider range of working environments, especially under extreme temperature conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant and a preparation process thereof, comprising: (a) 0.5-2% (by weight) multilayer graphene nanosheets, with a metal oxide film with controllable thickness coated on the surface by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology to achieve intelligent response to temperature and pressure; (b) 97-99.4% (by weight) high-purity PAO synthetic oil with ultra-high viscosity index and extremely low volatility, specially treated to enhance interfacial compatibility with graphene nanosheets; (c) 0.1-1% (by weight) of multifunctional biodegradable additives, including novel antioxidants and anti-wear agents extracted from marine microorganisms, and biopolymer thickeners, to significantly improve environmental performance, lubrication effect and smart response capabilities; (d) 0.01-0.5% (by weight) of nano-scale molybdenum disulfide; (e) 0.01-0.1% (by weight) of nano-diamond powder; (f) 0.001-0.05% (by weight) of an antimicrobial agent.

[0021] In some embodiments, the graphene nanosheets have an average thickness of less than 3 nm and an average diameter of 1-3 μm, and are prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) combined with laser lift-off technology. The metal oxide film is titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO), and its thickness is in the range of 1-5 nm. The biopolymer thickener in the multifunctional biodegradable additive is derived from sodium alginate, which not only improves the viscosity adaptability and shear resistance of the lubricating oil, but also maintains good fluidity under low temperature conditions.

[0022] It should be noted that plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) combined with laser stripping technology is used to prepare multilayer graphene nanosheets with an average thickness of less than 3nm and an average diameter between 1-3μm to obtain excellent dispersibility and thermal stability, as well as precisely controlled size distribution. A layer of metal oxide film with a thickness of 1-5nm is coated on the surface of the graphene nanosheet by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO) is selected to promote the self-healing mechanism of graphene nanosheets under high temperature and high pressure environment.

[0023] High-purity PAO synthetic oil is preheated to 105-110°C and pretreated using a magnetic stirrer under an inert gas environment to enhance interfacial compatibility with graphene nanosheets. A multifunctional biodegradable additive containing novel antioxidants and anti-wear agents extracted from marine microorganisms and a biopolymer thickener derived from sodium alginate is formulated.

[0024] In some embodiments, the present invention also protects a process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant, comprising the following steps: (a) Under the synergistic effect of ultrasound and microwave, the modified graphene nanosheets are dispersed in a green solvent system to form a highly stable suspension. The ultrasonic treatment frequency is 40-60kHz, the power density is 0.6-1.0W / cm²; the microwave power is 500-800W, and the treatment time is 20-30 minutes; (b) under the assistance of ultrasonic cavitation effect, the suspension in step 4 is quickly injected into the base oil preheated in step 2, and the pre-prepared multifunctional biodegradable additive, nano-scale molybdenum disulfide, nano-diamond powder and antibacterial agent are added at the same time, and the overall temperature is controlled not to exceed 115° C.; (c) Use supercritical fluid extraction technology combined with a nanofiltration system to efficiently remove undispersed graphene particles and impurities while concentrating the target components. Use carbon dioxide as the fluid medium, control the pressure at 70-100 bar, the temperature at 35-45°C, and last for no less than 40 minutes; (d) Evaporating the solvent under vacuum conditions using pulse evaporation technology at a temperature of 55-75°C and a pressure of 0.01-0.1 mmHg. Subsequently, the temperature is reduced to below -40°C at an absolute pressure of ≤0.01 mmHg for a period of not less than 2 hours using rapid freeze drying technology to maintain the microstructure of the finished product and the stability of the active ingredients; (e) The finished product is sealed and packaged under an inert gas environment using a multi-layer composite material that is moisture-proof, oxygen-proof and UV-proof to extend the shelf life and maintain its smart response characteristics and environmental performance.

[0025] In summary, through the above steps, a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant was successfully prepared. The lubricant has excellent lubrication performance, intelligent response capability and environmental protection characteristics, and is suitable for the lubrication needs of mechanical equipment under a variety of harsh working conditions.

[0026] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic treatment frequency is 40-60kHz, the power density is 0.6-1.0W / cm², the microwave power is 500-800W, and the time is controlled at 20-30 minutes to promote uniform dispersion of graphene nanosheets and uniform coating of smart response materials while avoiding structural damage and functional degradation.

[0027] The supercritical fluid extraction operation uses carbon dioxide as the fluid medium, the pressure is controlled at 70-100 bar, the temperature is 35-45° C., and the duration is not less than 40 minutes to achieve efficient separation and purification while maintaining the biological activity and functionality of the target components.

[0028] The pulse evaporation technology adopts intermittent heating mode, the temperature is controlled at 55-75°C and the pressure is 0.01-0.1 mmHg to avoid the decomposition of the base oil and the structural damage of the intelligent response material, while improving the evaporation efficiency.

[0029] The rapid freeze-drying technology is carried out under an absolute pressure of ≤0.01 mmHg, with the temperature dropped to below -40°C for a duration of not less than 2 hours, so as to quickly freeze and sublime the solvent and maintain the microstructure of the finished product and the stability of the active ingredients.

[0030] The finished product is sealed and packaged in an inert gas environment using a multi-layer composite material that is moisture-proof, oxygen-proof and UV-proof to extend its shelf life and maintain its intelligent response characteristics and environmental performance.

[0031] Example 2 In this embodiment, graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricating oil (suitable for extreme temperature environments) is prepared; This example describes a method for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant specially designed for use under extreme temperature conditions, as follows: A hydrothermal method combined with mechanical exfoliation technology is used to prepare single-layer graphene nanosheets with a thickness of less than 2nm and a diameter of 0.5-2μm, ensuring that they can maintain a stable structure under extreme temperatures.

[0032] Through electrochemical deposition technology, a metal sulfide film with a thickness of about 2-4nm, such as molybdenum sulfide (MoS2), is uniformly deposited on the graphene nanosheets to enhance its lubrication properties at low and high temperatures.

[0033] Select ester synthetic oil with a high viscosity index, preheat it to 110-120°C, and pretreat it with a high-speed shearing device under nitrogen protection to improve its bonding strength with the graphene nanosheets.

[0034] Formulated with natural fatty acid esters and phospholipid extreme pressure additives, and polyalphaolefin (PAO) thickener with excellent low temperature fluidity to enhance the extreme pressure performance of lubricants at extreme temperatures.

[0035] Under the combined action of ultrasound and electromagnetic field, the modified graphene nanosheets are evenly dispersed in a specific low-temperature solvent to form a highly stable suspension. The ultrasonic treatment frequency is 30-50kHz, the power density is 0.4-0.8W / cm²; the electromagnetic field intensity is 500-1000Gauss, and the treatment time is 15-25 minutes.

[0036] With the assistance of microwave heating, the suspension is slowly injected into the preheated base oil, and a multifunctional extreme pressure additive is added at the same time. The temperature is strictly controlled not to exceed 120°C to ensure the activity of the additive.

[0037] Using advanced ultrafiltration membrane technology, combined with an electrodialysis process, it effectively removes undispersed graphene particles and any residual solvent while retaining the key components of the lubricant. The operating pressure is 20-40bar, the current density is 0.5-1.0A / cm², and the treatment time is not less than 30 minutes.

[0038] The solvent is recovered by a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure, the temperature is controlled at 40-60°C, and the pressure is 1-10 mmHg. Subsequently, the product is placed in a vacuum drying oven, the temperature is reduced to below -20°C, and the duration is not less than 4 hours to completely dry it.

[0039] Finished product packaging The finished product is aseptically filled in a nitrogen-filled environment and packaged in a metal composite film with excellent barrier properties to ensure that the lubricant maintains its high performance and environmental protection properties even at extreme temperatures.

[0040] Example 3 In this example, graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant (for heavy-load applications) is prepared; This embodiment introduces a preparation process of a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant designed specifically for heavy-duty mechanical equipment: Using microwave-assisted chemical reduction, multilayer graphene nanosheets with a thickness of about 1.5 nm and a diameter of 2-5 μm were prepared to meet the high strength requirements required for heavy-load applications.

[0041] Through solution chemistry, a layer of organic silane coupling agent with a thickness of 3-7nm is modified on the surface of graphene nanosheets to enhance its wear resistance and self-healing ability under high load conditions.

[0042] A high molecular weight polyolefin synthetic oil is selected, preheated to 115-125° C., and pretreated under ultrasonic oscillation to improve its interface wettability with the graphene nanosheets.

[0043] Formulated with high concentrations of borate and phosphate anti-wear additives, and a natural thickener derived from soybean oil, to enhance the anti-wear protection of the lubricant under heavy load conditions.

[0044] Under the dual action of high-pressure homogenizer and ultrasound, the modified graphene nanosheets are dispersed in a customized solvent system to form a highly dispersed and stable suspension. The homogenization pressure is 100-200 bar, the ultrasonic frequency is 50-70kHz, the power density is 0.8-1.2W / cm², and the processing time is 25-35 minutes.

[0045] Under the dual effects of ultrasound and heating stirring, the suspension is slowly mixed into the preheated base oil, and a multifunctional anti-wear additive is added at the same time, and the mixing temperature is controlled not to exceed 130°C.

[0046] A high-speed centrifuge combined with a nano-scale ceramic filter membrane is used to efficiently remove undispersed graphene particles and any impurities while concentrating key ingredients. The centrifugal speed is 10,000-15,000 rpm, the filter pore size is 10-20 nm, and the processing time is not less than 30 minutes. Under low-temperature vacuum conditions, the solvent is recovered using a thin film evaporator, the temperature is controlled at 30-50°C, and the pressure is 0.1-1 mmHg. Subsequently, the product is placed in a freeze dryer, the temperature drops to below -30°C, and the duration is not less than 6 hours to ensure thorough drying.

[0047] The finished product is packed in a dust-free workshop using nitrogen-filled packaging technology and sealed with a multi-layer aluminum-plastic composite material that is moisture-proof and UV-proof to ensure its long-lasting performance and environmental advantages in heavy-duty applications. To summarize, Example 1: This example focuses on the preparation of a widely applicable high-performance lubricant, which uses PECVD combined with laser exfoliation technology and ALD to modify graphene nanosheets, uses PAO synthetic oil as the base oil, and is supplemented with multifunctional biodegradable additives to ensure the environmental friendliness and intelligent response characteristics of the product.

[0048] Example 2: For extreme temperature environments, such as extremely cold or hot conditions, this example uses hydrothermal method and mechanical exfoliation technology to prepare graphene, combined with electrochemical deposition technology modification, using ester synthetic oil and specific extreme pressure additives to ensure the stability and performance of the lubricant at extreme temperatures.

[0049] Example 3: For heavy-load mechanical equipment, this example uses microwave-assisted chemical reduction to prepare graphene, which is modified by solution chemistry. Polyolefin synthetic oil is selected and combined with high concentrations of anti-wear additives to enhance the wear resistance and self-repairing ability of the lubricant under high load conditions.

[0050] Comparative Example 1 Disclosed is a method for preparing a graphene-based nano-lanthanum oxide lubricant anti-wear additive, which comprises adding graphene oxide to a lanthanum chloride aqueous solution, ultrasonically dispersing the mixture uniformly, adding ammonia water, stirring the mixture for reaction, and roasting the resulting precipitate under a N2 atmosphere after the reaction is completed to obtain a graphene-based nano-lanthanum oxide composite; adding the resulting composite to anhydrous ethanol, ultrasonically dispersing the mixture, taking the upper suspension, adding the mixture to a lubricant base oil, and stirring the mixture at a certain temperature until the volume of the lubricant remains unchanged to obtain a graphene-based nano-lanthanum oxide lubricant anti-wear additive. The invention has a simple process and is environmentally friendly, and the prepared additive can significantly improve the anti-wear performance of the lubricant, has a good protective ability for the friction pair, and can effectively improve the service life of mechanical devices.

[0051] Comparative Example 2 Disclosed are a graphene compound for lubricating oil additives, a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention provides an oil-soluble graphene compound, the structural formula of which is: Γ~N~R, wherein Γ is graphene oxide, N is an aliphatic or aromatic bridging compound with all terminal groups being -NH2 or -OH, or an aliphatic or aromatic bridging compound with one end being -NH2 and the other end being -OH, and R is a compound containing a polyisobutylene succinic anhydride structure. The graphene compound has excellent oil solubility, can be well dispersed in lubricating oil, and has excellent anti-wear properties and extreme pressure properties; at the same time, it does not contain environmentally harmful elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, and chlorine, and is green and environmentally friendly; and the preparation process is simple, the reaction conditions are mild, and there is no special requirement for chemical equipment; it can be applied to lubricating oil, grease and other fields.

[0052] In summary, the embodiments not only improve the performance and application range of lubricating oils, but also enhance the environmental attributes of products by introducing material preparation technology, optimized process flow and environmentally friendly additives, reflecting the comprehensive advantages brought by technological progress.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant, characterized in that: Include: (a) 0.5-2% by weight of multilayer graphene nanosheets, the surface of which is coated with a metal oxide film of controllable thickness by atomic layer deposition (ALD); (b) 97-99.4% by weight high purity PAO synthetic oil; (c) 0.1-1% by weight of a multifunctional biodegradable additive comprising a novel antioxidant and anti-wear agent extracted from marine microorganisms, and a biopolymer thickener; (d) 0.01-0.5% by weight of nano-scale molybdenum disulfide; (e) 0.01-0.1% by weight of nano-diamond powder; (f) 0.001-0.05% by weight of an antimicrobial agent.

2. The graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene nanosheets have an average thickness of less than 3 nm and an average diameter of between 1 and 3 μm, and are prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition combined with laser stripping technology.

3. The graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal oxide film is titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, and its thickness is in the range of 1-5 nm.

4. The graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The biopolymer thickener in the multifunctional biodegradable additive is derived from sodium alginate.

5. A process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (a) Under the synergistic effect of ultrasound and microwaves, the modified graphene nanosheets are dispersed in a green solvent system to form a highly stable suspension. (b) preheating high-purity PAO synthetic oil to 105-110°C and introducing inert gas under magnetic stirring; (c) under the assistance of ultrasonic cavitation effect, the suspension in step (a) is rapidly injected into the base oil in step (b), and the pre-prepared multifunctional biodegradable additive, nano-scale molybdenum disulfide, nano-diamond powder and antibacterial agent are added at the same time, and the overall temperature is controlled not to exceed 115° C.; (d) Supercritical fluid extraction technology combined with a nanofiltration system is used to efficiently remove undispersed graphene particles and impurities while concentrating the target components; (e) The solvent is evaporated by pulse evaporation technology under vacuum conditions with a mild temperature and pressure gradient, followed by rapid freeze drying technology under inert gas protection to obtain the finished product.

6. The process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ultrasonic treatment frequency is 40-60kHz, the power density is 0.6-1.0W / cm², the microwave power is 500-800W, and the time is controlled at 20-30 minutes.

7. The process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supercritical fluid extraction technology uses carbon dioxide as the fluid medium, the pressure is controlled at 70-100 bar, the temperature is 35-45° C., and the duration is not less than 40 minutes.

8. The graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant and its preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pulse evaporation technology adopts intermittent heating mode, the temperature is controlled at 55-75°C, and the pressure is 0.01-0.1 mmHg.

9. The process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rapid freeze-drying technology is carried out under an absolute pressure of ≤0.01 mmHg, with the temperature dropping to below -40°C for a duration of not less than 2 hours.

10. The process for preparing a graphene-based high-performance environmentally friendly lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that: Finished products are sealed and packaged under an inert atmosphere using a multi-layer composite material that is resistant to moisture, oxygen and UV rays.

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