Converter tapping hole shape maintenance device and maintenance method

Abstract

The converter tapping hole shape maintenance device comprises a supporting and positioning trolley, a mechanical arm is connected to the upper end of a telescopic column, a connecting arm is hinged to one side of the mechanical arm, and a telescopic arm is slidably connected to one end of the connecting arm; a turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper portion of the mechanical arm, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the connecting arm. One end of the telescopic arm is connected with a connecting cylinder, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is provided with a mounting box, the lower part of the mounting box is provided with a fixing disc, the lower part of the fixing disc is provided with a metal sleeve, the upper end of the metal sleeve is provided with a flange, and the flange is connected with the fixing disc through a plurality of fixing devices. According to the method, the metal sleeve is used as a hole pattern mold to correct the shape of the tapping hole, and the slag is used for filling the corroded tapping hole, so that the tapping hole is efficiently and quickly maintained and repaired, the integrity and the good state of the hole pattern of the tapping hole are ensured, slag entrapment during tapping is remarkably reduced, and the slag stopping effect and the molten steel quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of steelmaking, and in particular relates to a converter tapping hole shape maintenance device and a maintenance method. Background Art

[0002] In the metallurgical industry, the shape and maintenance of the converter taphole are crucial to ensure the cleanliness of molten steel and production efficiency. The converter is the core equipment for steel production, and its taphole is the only channel for molten steel to flow from the converter to the ladle. Therefore, the performance of the taphole directly affects the quality of molten steel and the stability of the production process.

[0003] In the process of converter tapping, although slag blocking technology is used to reduce the amount of slag entering the ladle, it is still difficult to completely avoid the mixing of slag in actual operation. Slag, especially highly oxidizing slag, contains a large amount of unstable oxides such as FeO and MnO. These oxides will continuously transfer oxygen to the molten steel, which not only leads to an increase in the consumption of deoxidizers and alloys during the deoxidation and alloying of the molten steel, but also reduces the cleanliness of the molten steel, posing a threat to the quality of steel products.

[0004] The tapping hole not only bears the heavy task of steel-slag separation, but also needs to withstand multiple harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, friction and oxidation erosion. In the process of loading molten iron into the converter to the end of blowing, the tapping hole is always in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere. The CO in the furnace gas reacts chemically with the refractory material at the tapping hole to form a decarburized layer, which causes erosion of the tapping hole. At the same time, when the molten steel and slag flow out, they produce strong friction and scouring with the inner wall of the tapping hole, further aggravating the mechanical damage of the tapping hole. In addition, the tapping temperature is 1630-1700℃ at one end. The high-temperature molten steel will also soften the tapping hole material, reduce its strength, and even melt it, which seriously shortens the service life of the tapping hole.

[0005] Although the slag blocking steel-tapping technology reduces the pollution caused by slag flowing into the ladle to a certain extent, the "slag rolling" problem still exists in actual operation. When the depth of molten steel is lower than a certain critical value, a funnel-shaped converging vortex will form above the steel-tapping port, causing part of the slag to flow out before the molten steel is completely discharged, affecting the slag-steel separation effect.

[0006] The hole shape of the tapping hole has a decisive influence on achieving slag-steel separation and reducing "slag rolling". With the increase of the number of tapping times, the erosion of molten steel and slag during the tapping process, as well as the oxidation erosion and mechanical corrosion of the tapping hole refractory, especially the gradual deformation and expansion of the upper part of the tapping hole, the inner diameter of the tapping hole refractory brick becomes larger, forming a funnel-shaped inverted cone with a large top and a small bottom. The converging vortex above the tapping hole increases in the later stage of tapping, thereby increasing the probability and amount of slag rolling, affecting the "slag-steel separation" effect in the later stage of tapping, and causing a decrease in the quality of molten steel. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a converter tapping hole shape maintenance device and maintenance method, which realizes efficient and rapid maintenance and repair of the tapping hole, ensures the integrity and good state of the tapping hole shape, significantly reduces tapping slag, improves slag blocking effect and molten steel quality.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A device for maintaining the shape of a converter steel outlet, comprises a supporting and positioning trolley, the upper part of the supporting and positioning trolley is provided with a fixed column, the interior of the fixed column is provided with a lifting hydraulic cylinder, the top of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with a telescopic column, the lower end of the telescopic column is slidably installed in the fixed column, the upper end of the telescopic column is connected with a mechanical arm, one side of the mechanical arm is hinged with a connecting arm, and one end of the connecting arm is slidably connected to the telescopic arm; the upper part of the mechanical arm is hinged with a flipping hydraulic cylinder, the upper part of the connecting arm is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the end of the piston rod of the flipping hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the connecting plate; a telescopic hydraulic cylinder is provided inside the connecting arm, and the end of the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic arm; one end of the telescopic arm is connected to a connecting tube, the lower end of the connecting tube is provided with an installation box, the lower part of the installation box is provided with a fixed plate, the lower part of the fixed plate is provided with a metal sleeve, the outer wall diameter of the metal sleeve is equal to the design diameter of the refractory material of the steel outlet, the upper end of the metal sleeve is provided with a flange, and the flange is connected to the fixed plate by a number of fixing devices.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of support arms are hinged on both sides of the support and positioning trolley, and support legs are threadedly connected to the ends of the support arms.

[0011] Furthermore, a counterweight is provided at one end of the robotic arm.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing device includes a cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting box, and a clamping claw is hinged on the outer wall of the fixing plate, and the clamping claw includes a clamping arm, and a clamping plate is provided at the lower end of the clamping arm. When the fixing plate and the flange plate are fixed, the clamping plate is clamped at the bottom of the flange plate, and a driving plate is connected to the upper part of the clamping arm, and a slide groove is provided on the driving plate. A pin is provided at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder, and the pin is gap-installed inside the slide groove; when the metal sleeve is connected to the fixing plate, the piston rod of the cylinder is extended, driving the clamping claw to rotate, and the clamping plate clamps the fixing plate and the flange plate. After the shape maintenance of the converter outlet is completed, the piston rod of the cylinder contracts, driving the clamping claw to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the fixing plate and the flange plate are unlocked.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of fixing pins are provided at the lower part of the fixing plate, the number of the fixing pins corresponds to the number of through holes of the flange plate, and the fixing pins are inserted into the through holes of the flange plate.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the connecting arm is connected to an air inlet pipe, which is connected to an air compressor. When the shape of the steel outlet is maintained, compressed air enters the connecting arm from the air inlet pipe and flows through the telescopic arm, the connecting tube, the mounting box and the metal sleeve in sequence.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for maintaining the shape of a converter tapping hole, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: After the steel is tapped, slag splashing should be carried out appropriately to protect the furnace. Pay attention to controlling the time of slag splashing to avoid long-term slag splashing, which will make the slag sticky and unfavorable for filling the gap between the metal casing and the steel tapping port. That is, the slag should have appropriate fluidity.

[0017] Step 2: Use the converter's own tilting angle meter to rotate the converter to about 80° in the tapping direction to prevent slag from flowing into the tapping port;

[0018] Step 3: Align the fixed plate at the front end of the telescopic arm of the converter tapping hole shape maintenance device with the flange on the upper part of the metal sleeve, insert the fixing pin into the through hole of the flange, and start the cylinder to make the clamp fix the metal sleeve and the fixed plate;

[0019] Step 4: Turn on the air compressor and pass the compressed air into the connecting arm to cool the connecting arm, telescopic arm, connecting tube, installation box and metal casing;

[0020] Step 5: Start the tilting hydraulic cylinder on the robot arm to drive the front end of the lifting connecting arm and the telescopic arm, move the metal sleeve to the position above the steel outlet in the converter furnace through the support positioning trolley, and insert the metal sleeve into the steel outlet under the premise that the center line of the steel outlet is consistent with the center line of the metal sleeve by combining the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and then put the support positioning trolley in a fixed state;

[0021] Step 6: Close the slag blocking slide at the lower end of the tapping port to prevent slag leakage from the gap between the metal sleeve and the tapping port; continue to slowly rotate the converter downward, and start the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the flip hydraulic cylinder simultaneously to always ensure that the center line of the tapping port is consistent with the center line of the metal sleeve, so that the flowing slag flows into the gap between the metal sleeve and the tapping port for filling, and increase the cooling air flow rate to increase the cooling speed of the filled slag; after the slag flows into the gap between the metal sleeve and the tapping port, it is cooled and solidified layer by layer from bottom to top, and combined with the refractory sleeve of the tapping port until the gap is filled and the solidified slag is flush with the theoretical material surface of the furnace lining, and the filling is completed;

[0022] Step 7: After the filling is completed, the piston rod of the control cylinder is retracted, the clamping claw unlocks the fixed plate and the flange, the turning hydraulic cylinder and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder continue to move, so that the telescopic arm continues to move upward, the fixed plate is separated from the flange, and the metal sleeve is retained inside the steel outlet;

[0023] Step 8: Control the turning hydraulic cylinder to lift the front end of the telescopic arm, then move the supporting positioning trolley to move the telescopic arm out of the converter, and the repair is completed;

[0024] Step nine: Rotate the converter to a vertical position and continue normal operations such as slag splashing and furnace protection, slag pouring, etc. After the next batch of smelting is completed and tapping begins, the molten steel will first melt the metal casing, and the remaining filling slag after melting will partially restore the state of the tapping port aperture, effectively ensuring the slag-steel separation function of the tapping port, significantly reducing the probability of slag rolling and slag dropping during tapping, and improving the slag blocking effect during tapping.

[0025] Furthermore, in step six, during the filling process, the slag-blocking slide plate at the lower end of the steel outlet is opened and closed multiple times to prevent the slag-blocking slide plate from sticking to the filled slag.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1) The present invention utilizes a metal sleeve as a hole mold to correct the shape of the steel tapping port, and utilizes slag to fill the damaged steel tapping port, thereby realizing efficient and rapid maintenance and repair of the steel tapping port, ensuring the integrity of the steel tapping port hole state, significantly reducing the slag roll at steel tapping, and improving the slag blocking effect and molten steel quality.

[0028] 2) The fixing device includes a cylinder and a clamp. When the metal sleeve is connected to the fixed plate, the piston rod of the cylinder extends, driving the clamp to rotate, and the clamp clamps the fixed plate and the flange. After the shape maintenance of the converter outlet is completed, the piston rod of the cylinder contracts, driving the clamp to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the fixed plate and the flange are unlocked, thereby realizing the rapid disassembly and assembly of the metal sleeve and the fixed plate.

[0029] 3) A plurality of fixing pins inserted into the through holes of the flange are provided at the bottom of the fixing plate, so as to prevent the metal sleeve from rotating when the shape of the converter outlet is maintained after the metal sleeve is connected to the fixing plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the fixing plate and the metal sleeve.

[0030] 4) One end of the connecting arm is connected to an air inlet pipe. When the shape of the steel outlet is maintained, compressed air enters the connecting arm from the air inlet pipe and flows through the telescopic arm, connecting tube, mounting box and metal casing in sequence to cool the connecting arm, telescopic arm connecting tube, fixing device and metal casing, thus avoiding deformation or damage of the equipment due to high temperature. In addition, when the compressed air cools the metal casing, the cooling rate of the filling slag is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Attached Figure 1 The present invention is a diagram showing the use status of a converter tapping hole shape maintenance device.

[0032] Attached Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a converter tapping hole shape maintenance device according to the present invention.

[0033] Attached Figure 3 It is an exploded view of a connecting tube and a metal sleeve in a device for maintaining the shape of a converter steel outlet of the present invention.

[0034] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a fixing device in a converter tapping hole shape maintenance device of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure, 1. converter; 2. steel outlet; 3. supporting positioning trolley; 4. supporting arm; 5. supporting leg; 6. fixing column; 7. telescopic column; 8. lifting hydraulic cylinder; 9. mechanical arm; 10. counterweight; 11. connecting arm; 12. telescopic arm; 13. connecting plate; 14. turning hydraulic cylinder; 15. telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 16. connecting tube; 17. mounting box; 18. fixing plate; 19. fixing device; 20. cylinder; 21. clamping arm; 22. driving plate; 23. slide groove; 24. clamping plate; 25. metal sleeve; 26. flange; 27. fixing pin; 28. air inlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1-Figure 4 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a converter tapping hole shape maintenance device includes a supporting positioning trolley 3, such as Figure 2As shown, a fixed column 6 is provided on the upper part of the supporting and positioning trolley 3, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder 8 is installed inside the fixed column 6. The top of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to a telescopic column 7, and the lower end of the telescopic column 7 is slidably installed inside the fixed column 6. A mechanical arm 9 is connected to the upper end of the telescopic column 7, and a connecting arm 11 is hinged on one side of the mechanical arm 9, and a telescopic arm 12 is slidably connected to one end of the connecting arm 11; a flipping hydraulic cylinder 14 is hinged on the upper part of the mechanical arm 9, and a connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting arm 11, and the piston rod end of the flipping hydraulic cylinder 14 is hinged to the connecting plate 13; a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 is provided inside the connecting arm 11, and the piston rod end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 is connected to the telescopic arm 12; one end of the telescopic arm 12 is connected to a connecting tube 16, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the connecting tube 16 is provided with an installation box 17, the lower part of the installation box 17 is provided with a fixed plate 18, the lower part of the fixed plate 18 is provided with a metal sleeve 25, the outer wall diameter of the metal sleeve 25 is equal to the design diameter of the refractory material of the steel outlet 2, and the upper end of the metal sleeve 25 is provided with a flange 26, and the flange 26 is connected to the fixed plate 18 by a number of fixing devices 19.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of support arms 4 are hinged on both sides of the support and positioning trolley 3 , and support legs 5 are threadedly connected to the ends of the support arms 4 , so as to facilitate the fixation of the support and positioning trolley 3 .

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, a counterweight 10 is provided at one end of the mechanical arm 9 to effectively balance the weight distribution of the mechanical arm 9, the connecting arm 11 and the telescopic arm 12, thereby reducing the shaking and instability of the device caused by uneven weight.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixing device 19 includes a cylinder 20, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the mounting box 17, and a clamping claw is hinged on the outer wall of the fixing plate 18, and the clamping claw includes a clamping arm 21, and a clamping plate 24 is provided at the lower end of the clamping arm 21. When the fixing plate 18 is fixed to the flange 26, the clamping plate 24 is clamped at the bottom of the flange 26, and a driving plate 22 is connected to the upper part of the clamping arm 21, and a slide groove 23 is provided on the driving plate 22. A pin is provided at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 20, and the pin is installed in the slide groove 23 with clearance; when the metal sleeve 25 is connected to the fixing plate 18, the piston rod of the cylinder 20 is extended, driving the clamping claw to rotate, and the clamping claw 24 clamps the fixing plate 18 and the flange 26. After the maintenance of the shape of the converter outlet is completed, the piston rod of the cylinder 20 is contracted, driving the clamping claw to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the fixing plate 18 and the flange 26 are unlocked, thereby realizing the rapid disassembly and assembly of the metal sleeve 25 and the fixing plate 18.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, a plurality of fixing pins 27 are provided at the lower part of the fixing plate 18, and the number of the fixing pins 27 corresponds to the number of through holes of the flange 26. The fixing pins 27 are inserted into the through holes of the flange 26, thereby preventing the metal sleeve 25 from rotating when the shape of the converter steel outlet is maintained after the metal sleeve 25 is connected to the fixing plate 18, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the fixing plate 18 and the metal sleeve 25.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, one end of the connecting arm 11 is connected to an air inlet pipe 28, and the air inlet pipe 28 is connected to an air compressor. When the shape of the steel outlet 2 is maintained, compressed air enters the connecting arm 11 from the air inlet pipe 28, and flows through the telescopic arm 12, the connecting tube 16, the mounting box 17 and the metal sleeve 25 in sequence, cooling the connecting arm 11, the telescopic arm 12 connecting tube 16, the fixing device 19 and the metal sleeve 25, thereby preventing the equipment from being deformed or damaged by high temperature. In addition, when the compressed air cools the metal sleeve 25, the cooling rate of the filling slag is increased.

[0044] The present invention also provides a method for maintaining the shape of a converter tapping hole, comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: After the steel is tapped, slag splashing is performed appropriately to protect the furnace. The time of slag splashing is controlled to avoid the slag becoming sticky and not conducive to filling the gap between the metal sleeve 25 and the steel tapping port 2 due to the long slag splashing time. That is, the slag must have appropriate fluidity.

[0046] Step 2: Use the converter's own tilting angle meter to rotate the converter to about 80° in the tapping direction to prevent slag from flowing into the tapping port 2;

[0047] Step 3: Align the fixing plate 18 at the front end of the telescopic arm 12 with the flange 26 on the upper part of the metal sleeve 25, insert the fixing pin 27 into the through hole of the flange 26, and start the cylinder 20 to make the clamping claw fix the metal sleeve 25 and the fixing plate 18;

[0048] Step 4: Turn on the air compressor and pass compressed air into the connecting arm 11 to cool the connecting arm 11, the telescopic arm 12, the connecting tube 16, the installation box 17 and the metal sleeve 25;

[0049] Step 5: Start the tilting hydraulic cylinder 14 on the mechanical arm 9 to drive the front end of the lifting connecting arm 11 and the telescopic arm 12, and move the metal sleeve 25 to the position above the steel outlet 2 in the converter 1 through the supporting and positioning trolley 3, and insert the metal sleeve 25 into the steel outlet 2 under the premise that the center line of the steel outlet 2 is consistent with the center line of the metal sleeve 25 by combining the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15, and then put the supporting and positioning trolley 3 into a fixed state;

[0050] Step 6: Close the slag blocking slide plate (not shown in the figure) at the lower end of the steel outlet 2 to prevent slag leakage from the gap between the metal sleeve 25 and the steel outlet 2; continue to slowly rotate the converter downward, synchronously start the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 and the flip hydraulic cylinder 14, always ensure that the center line of the steel outlet 2 is consistent with the center line of the metal sleeve 25, so that the flowing slag flows into the gap between the metal sleeve 25 and the steel outlet 2 for filling, and increase the cooling air flow rate to increase the cooling speed of the filled slag; after the slag flows into the gap between the metal sleeve 25 and the steel outlet 2, it is cooled and solidified layer by layer from bottom to top, and is combined with the steel outlet refractory sleeve until the gap is filled and the solidified slag is flush with the theoretical material surface of the furnace lining, and the filling is completed;

[0051] Step 7: After the filling is completed, the piston rod of the control cylinder 20 is retracted, the clamping claw unlocks the fixed plate 18 and the flange 26, the turning hydraulic cylinder 14 and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 continue to move, so that the telescopic arm 12 continues to move upward, the fixed plate 18 is separated from the flange, and the metal sleeve 25 is retained inside the steel outlet 2;

[0052] Step 8: Control the turning hydraulic cylinder 14 to lift the front end of the telescopic arm 12, and then move the supporting positioning trolley 3 to move the telescopic arm 12 out of the converter, and the repair is completed;

[0053] Step nine: Rotate the converter 1 to a vertical position, and continue normal operations such as slag splashing and furnace protection, slag pouring, etc. After the next batch of smelting is completed and tapping begins, the molten steel first melts the metal sleeve 25, and the remaining filling slag after melting partially restores the state of the tapping port aperture, effectively ensuring the slag-steel separation function of the tapping port, significantly reducing the probability of slag rolling and slag dropping during tapping, and improving the slag blocking effect during tapping.

[0054] Furthermore, in step six, during the filling process, the slag-blocking slide plate at the lower end of the steel outlet is opened and closed multiple times to prevent the slag-blocking slide plate from sticking to the filled slag.

[0055] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A converter tapping hole shape maintenance device, comprising a supporting positioning trolley (3), characterized in that: The supporting positioning trolley (3) is provided with a fixed column (6) at the top, a lifting hydraulic cylinder (8) is installed inside the fixed column (6), the top of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected to a telescopic column (7), the lower end of the telescopic column (7) is slidably installed inside the fixed column (6), the upper end of the telescopic column (7) is connected to a mechanical arm (9), one side of the mechanical arm (9) is hinged with a connecting arm (11), and one end of the connecting arm (11) is slidably connected to a telescopic arm (12); the upper part of the mechanical arm (9) is hinged with a tilting hydraulic cylinder (14), the upper part of the connecting arm (11) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (13), the piston rod end of the tilting hydraulic cylinder (14) is connected to the connecting plate (13) is hinged; a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) is provided inside the connecting arm (11), and the piston rod end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) is connected to the telescopic arm (12); one end of the telescopic arm (12) is connected to a connecting tube (16), and a mounting box (17) is provided at the lower end of the connecting tube (16), and a fixing plate (18) is provided at the lower part of the mounting box (17), and a metal sleeve (25) is provided at the lower part of the fixing plate (18), and the outer wall diameter of the metal sleeve (25) is equal to the design diameter of the refractory material of the steel outlet (2), and a flange (26) is provided at the upper end of the metal sleeve (25), and the flange (26) is connected to the fixing plate (18) through a plurality of fixing devices (19).

2. A converter tapping hole shape maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support arms (4) are hingedly connected on both sides of the support positioning trolley (3), and support legs (5) are threadedly connected to the ends of the support arms (4).

3. A converter tapping hole shape maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight (10) is provided at one end of the mechanical arm (9).

4. A converter tapping hole shape maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing device (19) comprises a cylinder (20), the cylinder (20) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the installation box (17), a clamping claw is hinged on the outer wall of the fixing plate (18), the clamping claw comprises a clamping arm (21), a clamping plate (24) is provided at the lower end of the clamping arm (21), when the fixing plate (18) is fixed to the flange (26), the clamping plate (24) is clamped at the bottom of the flange (26), the upper part of the clamping arm (21) is connected to a driving plate (22), and a There is a slide groove (23), and a pin is provided at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder (20), and the pin is installed in the slide groove (23) with clearance; when the metal sleeve (25) is connected to the fixed plate (18), the piston rod of the cylinder (20) is extended, driving the clamping claw to rotate, so that the clamping plate (24) clamps the fixed plate (18) and the flange plate (26). After the shape maintenance of the converter steel outlet is completed, the piston rod of the cylinder (20) is contracted, driving the clamping claw to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the fixed plate (18) and the flange plate (26) are unlocked.

5. A converter tapping hole shape maintenance device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of fixing pins (27) are arranged at the lower part of the fixing plate (18), the number of the fixing pins (27) corresponds to the number of through holes of the flange plate (26), and the fixing pins (27) are inserted into the through holes of the flange plate (26).

6. A converter tapping hole shape maintenance device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: One end of the connecting arm (11) is connected to an air inlet pipe (28), which is connected to an air compressor. When the shape of the steel outlet is maintained, compressed air enters the connecting arm (11) from the air inlet pipe (28) and flows through the telescopic arm (12), the connecting tube (16), the installation box (17) and the metal sleeve (25) in sequence.

7. A method for maintaining the shape of a converter tapping hole, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After the steel is tapped, slag splashing is performed appropriately to protect the furnace. The duration of the slag splashing is controlled to avoid the slag becoming thick and unfavorable for filling the gap between the metal sleeve (25) and the steel tapping port (2) due to a long slag splashing time. That is, the slag must have appropriate fluidity. Step 2: Using the converter's own tilting angle meter, the converter (1) is rotated to about 80° in the steel tapping direction to prevent slag from flowing into the steel tapping port (2); Step 3: align the fixed plate (18) at the front end of the telescopic arm (12) of the converter tapping hole shape maintenance device described in claim 6 with the flange (26) on the upper part of the metal sleeve (25), insert the fixing pin (27) into the through hole of the flange (26), and start the cylinder (20) so that the clamping claw fixes the metal sleeve (25) and the fixed plate (18); Step 4: Turn on the air compressor and pass compressed air into the connecting arm (11) to cool the connecting arm (11), the telescopic arm (12), the connecting tube (16), the installation box (17) and the metal sleeve (25); Step 5: Start the tilting hydraulic cylinder (14) on the mechanical arm (9) to drive the front end of the lifting connecting arm (11) and the telescopic arm (12), and move the metal sleeve (25) to the position above the steel outlet (2) in the converter (1) through the supporting positioning trolley (3), and insert the metal sleeve (25) into the steel outlet (2) under the premise that the center line of the steel outlet (2) is consistent with the center line of the metal sleeve (25) by combining the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15), and then put the supporting positioning trolley (3) into a fixed state; Step 6: Close the slag blocking slide at the lower end of the steel outlet (2) to prevent slag from leaking from the gap between the metal sleeve (25) and the steel outlet (2); continue to slowly rotate the converter (1) downward, and synchronously start the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) and the tilting hydraulic cylinder (14) to always ensure that the center line of the steel outlet (2) and the center line of the metal sleeve (25) are consistent, so that the flowing slag flows into the gap between the metal sleeve (25) and the steel outlet (2) for filling, and increase the cooling air flow rate to increase the cooling speed of the filled slag; after the slag flows into the gap between the metal sleeve (25) and the steel outlet (2), it is cooled and solidified layer by layer from bottom to top, and is combined with the steel outlet refractory sleeve until the gap is filled and the solidified slag is flush with the theoretical material surface of the furnace lining, and the filling is completed; Step 7: After the filling is completed, the piston rod of the control cylinder (20) is retracted, the clamping claws unlock the fixed plate (18) and the flange (26), the turning hydraulic cylinder (14) and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) continue to move, so that the telescopic arm (12) continues to move upward, the fixed plate (18) is separated from the flange, and the metal sleeve (25) is retained inside the steel outlet (2); Step 8: Control the turning hydraulic cylinder (14) to lift the front end of the telescopic arm (12), then move the supporting positioning trolley (3) to move the telescopic arm (12) out of the converter (1), and the repair is completed; Step nine: Rotate the converter (1) to a vertical position, and continue to perform normal operations such as slag splashing and furnace protection, slag pouring, etc. After the next batch of smelting is completed and steel tapping begins, the molten steel first melts the metal sleeve (25), and the remaining filling slag after melting partially restores the state of the tapping port aperture, effectively ensuring the slag-steel separation function of the tapping port, significantly reducing the probability of slag rolling and slag dropping during tapping, and improving the slag blocking effect during tapping.

8. A method for maintaining the shape of a converter tapping hole according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step six, during the filling process, the slag-blocking slide plate at the lower end of the steel outlet (2) is opened and closed back and forth several times to prevent the slag-blocking slide plate from sticking to the filling slag.

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