Unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device, and the device comprises an MIMO antenna array which is used for transmitting and receiving radar signals at different angles; the signal processing unit is used for performing amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion on the received radar signal; the SAR imaging module is used for generating a high-resolution ground image according to the processed signal; the intelligent information processing module is used for automatically identifying and analyzing a target in the SAR image; the aircraft control module is used for adjusting a flight path and radar parameters so as to optimize the imaging quality; and the data transmission module is used for transmitting the processed data to a ground control center in real time. The device can be suitable for various application scenes including military reconnaissance, topographic mapping, disaster assessment, environment monitoring and the like, has wide adaptability and flexibility, and has high market competitiveness in unmanned aerial vehicle application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular relates to a MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of UAV technology and radar imaging technology, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has become an important means of high-resolution remote sensing imaging. Especially in the fields of military reconnaissance, geographical survey and disaster monitoring, the application of SAR on UAVs has gradually increased. However, the traditional single-input single-output (SISO) SAR system has certain limitations in image resolution and signal processing efficiency. In addition, traditional SAR systems often rely on ground stations for post-processing, resulting in insufficient timeliness of data processing and unable to meet the needs of real-time applications.

[0003] To overcome these limitations, MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology was introduced into the SAR system, enabling it to collect and process echo signals through multiple transmitting antennas and receiving antennas, thereby significantly improving imaging quality and speed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device for unmanned aerial vehicles, including a MIMO antenna array for transmitting and receiving radar signals at different angles; a signal processing unit for amplifying, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion of received radar signals; a SAR imaging module for generating high-resolution ground images based on processed signals; an intelligent information processing module for automatically identifying and analyzing targets in SAR images; an aircraft control module for adjusting the flight path and radar parameters to optimize imaging quality; and a data transmission module for transmitting processed data to a ground control center in real time. The device of the present invention can be applied to a variety of application scenarios, including military reconnaissance, terrain mapping, disaster assessment, environmental monitoring, etc. It has wide adaptability and flexibility, making it highly competitive in the market in unmanned aerial vehicle applications.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0006] An unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device comprises a MIMO antenna array, a signal processing unit, a SAR imaging module, an intelligent information processing module, an aircraft control module and a data transmission module;

[0007] The MIMO antenna array uses multiple-input multiple-output technology to simultaneously transmit and receive radar signals at different angles;

[0008] The signal processing unit performs preliminary processing on the radar signal received by the MIMO antenna array, including amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion;

[0009] The SAR imaging module focuses the echo data processed by the signal processing unit through synthetic aperture radar technology to generate a high-resolution two-dimensional or three-dimensional ground image;

[0010] The intelligent information processing module uses convolutional neural networks and machine learning algorithms to automatically identify and analyze targets in the generated SAR images;

[0011] The aircraft control module automatically adjusts the flight path and radar operating parameters of the UAV according to the mission requirements to optimize the imaging quality; through the closed-loop control mechanism, the aircraft control module can adjust the flight strategy in real time according to the imaging feedback to ensure the best radar image, while reducing the energy consumption of the UAV and extending the flight time;

[0012] The data transmission module transmits the processed SAR images and analysis data to the ground control center in real time through the wireless communication protocol.

[0013] Preferably, the MIMO antenna array is installed with multiple antenna units to form a MIMO antenna array; each antenna unit is composed of a high-gain antenna and a beamforming network, and is used to transmit and receive radar signals at different angles; its implementation method is: the system controls multiple antenna units to transmit signals simultaneously and receive echoes at different azimuths and distances.

[0014] Preferably, the signal processing unit uses a high-precision analog-to-digital converter ADC, a filter and a signal amplifier to process the received radar signal; its implementation method is as follows: when the drone receives an echo signal during flight, the signal is first amplified by a low-noise amplifier LNA; the amplified signal passes through a bandpass filter to remove noise and non-essential frequency band information and retain useful radar echoes; finally, the analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0015] Preferably, the SAR imaging module adopts a synthetic aperture radar SAR imaging algorithm CSA to generate an image of the radar echo processed by the signal processing unit; its implementation method is: SAR imaging simulates a large-aperture radar antenna through multi-point echo data on the flight path of the drone, thereby obtaining a high-resolution image.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent information processing module is implemented as follows: the SAR image passes through the intelligent information processing module, and the system uses a trained CNN model to automatically detect and classify different types of ground targets; the CNN model automatically detects enemy positions based on the characteristics of the SAR image and marks them in the image, automatically identifies enemy targets in the image, and analyzes their position, size, and movement information.

[0017] Preferably, the aircraft control module uses the UAV's inertial measurement unit IMU, GPS module and control algorithm to adjust the flight path and radar parameters; its implementation method is as follows: according to the real-time imaging effect, the aircraft control module dynamically adjusts the flight altitude, speed and azimuth of the UAV to optimize the SAR imaging quality; when performing a mission, the aircraft control module will adjust the flight altitude according to the echo signal feedback to ensure that SAR imaging can obtain complete ground information; at the same time, the radar transmission frequency and transmission angle are dynamically adjusted to adapt to the imaging requirements of different tasks.

[0018] Preferably, the data transmission module uses high-frequency wireless communication equipment and data compression algorithms; its implementation process is: the processed data is transmitted to the ground control center in real time through the wireless communication network; and a suitable transmission protocol is automatically selected according to the mission requirements and transmission bandwidth.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) The present invention combines MIMO antenna arrays with SAR imaging technology to generate high-resolution ground images in complex terrain and severe weather conditions, thereby improving the imaging accuracy and information acquisition capabilities of UAVs in tasks such as environmental monitoring, military reconnaissance, and disaster assessment.

[0021] (2) The intelligent information processing module equipped in the device of the present invention can automatically identify and analyze targets in SAR images, reducing dependence on human intervention and greatly improving processing efficiency and accuracy. It is particularly suitable for real-time reconnaissance and automated data processing scenarios.

[0022] (3) The present invention can transmit the processed images and analysis results to the ground control center in real time through an efficient data transmission module, thereby realizing remote monitoring and command, and making the device have a strong real-time advantage in tasks such as battlefield situation awareness and disaster relief on-site command.

[0023] (4) The device of the present invention has the ability to automatically adjust the flight path and radar parameters, and can dynamically optimize the imaging quality according to the mission requirements, ensuring that more comprehensive and clear images are obtained in complex environments, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the UAV in different application scenarios.

[0024] (5) The intelligent compression algorithm in the data transmission module of the present invention effectively reduces the data transmission bandwidth requirement while ensuring image quality, providing technical support for long-distance, high-speed wireless communications and improving the practicality of the system.

[0025] (6) The device of the present invention can be applied to a variety of application scenarios, including military reconnaissance, terrain mapping, disaster assessment, environmental monitoring, etc., and has wide adaptability and flexibility, making it highly competitive in the market for UAV applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0027] The present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle-borne MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device, which can collect and process echo signals in real time, generate high-precision two-dimensional imaging, and support real-time compression and transmission of data.

[0028] The present invention aims to improve the quality of radar imaging and realize automatic information processing. Its technical implementation scheme includes the following modules:

[0029] MIMO antenna array: The MIMO antenna array uses multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology to simultaneously transmit and receive radar signals at different angles. Through multi-angle data collection, the imaging resolution and detection accuracy can be effectively improved. The antenna array is equipped with advanced beamforming technology to enhance signal quality and reduce interference and noise.

[0030] Signal processing unit: The received radar signal is processed by the signal processing unit, including amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion. First, the signal amplifier ensures that the weak radar echo signal can be effectively amplified, then the filter eliminates unnecessary noise and interference, and finally the analog-to-digital converter digitizes the signal for subsequent computer processing and imaging.

[0031] SAR imaging module: Through synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology, the imaging module can focus the echo data processed by the signal processing unit to generate high-resolution two-dimensional or three-dimensional ground images. SAR technology uses the motion trajectory of the drone to synthesize a virtual aperture to improve imaging resolution, so that clear ground images can still be obtained at long distances and in adverse weather conditions.

[0032] Intelligent Information Processing Module: This module uses advanced convolutional neural networks (CNN) and machine learning algorithms to automatically identify and analyze targets in generated SAR images. Through training models, the system can automatically identify different types of ground targets and provide further analysis and classification results. This module is particularly suitable for target detection and analysis in military reconnaissance, disaster assessment and other tasks.

[0033] Aircraft control module: This module automatically adjusts the flight path and radar operating parameters (such as transmission frequency, azimuth, etc.) of the drone according to mission requirements to optimize imaging quality. Through a closed-loop control mechanism, the aircraft control module can adjust the flight strategy in real time based on imaging feedback to ensure the best radar image, while reducing drone energy consumption and extending flight time.

[0034] Data transmission module: In order to meet the real-time mission requirements, the data transmission module transmits the processed SAR images and analysis data to the ground control center in real time through an efficient wireless communication protocol. This module uses an intelligent compression algorithm to reduce bandwidth usage and improve transmission efficiency while ensuring data quality, so that commanders can obtain processed intelligence information in real time.

[0035] Example:

[0036] A specific implementation of a drone-borne MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device is as follows:

[0037] The MIMO antenna array is equipped with multiple antenna units to form a MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna array. Each antenna unit consists of a high-gain antenna and a beamforming network to transmit and receive radar signals at different angles. The implementation method is as follows: the system controls multiple antenna units to transmit signals simultaneously and receive echoes at different directions and distances. Through the phase difference and amplitude difference between antennas, MIMO technology can decode multiple independent signal channels, thereby improving spatial resolution and detection capabilities.

[0038] The signal processing unit uses a high-precision analog-to-digital converter (ADC), filters, and signal amplifiers to process the received radar signals. The implementation method is as follows: when the drone receives an echo signal during flight, the signal is first amplified by a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to ensure that the weak signal can be further processed. The amplified signal passes through a bandpass filter to remove noise and non-essential frequency band information and retain useful radar echoes. Finally, the analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal for subsequent analysis and imaging by the digital processing unit.

[0039] The SAR imaging module uses the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging algorithm CSA (Chirp Scaling Algorithm) to generate images of radar echoes processed by the signal processing unit. Its implementation method is as follows: SAR imaging simulates a large-aperture radar antenna through multi-point echo data on the UAV's flight path to obtain high-resolution images. When the UAV flies over complex terrain, the SAR imaging module can generate two-dimensional high-resolution ground images. These images can be used for high-precision terrain monitoring in disaster site assessments, for example. During the imaging process, the system uses the UAV's motion path, flight speed, and time delay of the echo signal to calculate and generate detailed ground reflection images.

[0040] The intelligent information processing module uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to analyze SAR images and automatically identify and classify targets. The implementation method is as follows: SAR images pass through the intelligent information processing module, and the system will use the trained CNN model to automatically detect and classify different types of ground targets, such as vehicles, buildings, terrain changes, etc. CNN can automatically detect enemy positions based on the features of SAR images (such as edges and textures) and mark them in the image, providing support for subsequent tactical decisions. It can automatically identify enemy targets in the image and analyze their location, size, movement and other information.

[0041] The aircraft control module uses the drone's inertial measurement unit (IMU), GPS module and control algorithm to adjust the flight path and radar parameters. The implementation method is as follows: According to the real-time imaging effect, the aircraft control module will dynamically adjust the drone's flight altitude, speed and azimuth to optimize the SAR imaging quality. When performing tasks in areas with large terrain undulations, the module will adjust the flight altitude based on the feedback of the echo signal to ensure that the SAR imaging can obtain complete ground information. At the same time, the system will also dynamically adjust the radar transmission frequency and transmission angle to adapt to the imaging requirements of different tasks, ensuring that the imaging quality is always maintained at the best state.

[0042] The data transmission module uses high-frequency wireless communication equipment and data compression algorithms. Its operation process is: the processed data is transmitted to the ground control center in real time through an efficient wireless communication network. The system will automatically select the appropriate transmission protocol according to the mission requirements and transmission bandwidth. The data transmission module integrates an intelligent compression algorithm, which can compress the data volume without significantly losing data quality, reduce transmission delays, and ensure real-time performance.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device, characterized in that: It includes MIMO antenna array, signal processing unit, SAR imaging module, intelligent information processing module, aircraft control module and data transmission module; The MIMO antenna array uses multiple-input multiple-output technology to simultaneously transmit and receive radar signals at different angles; The signal processing unit performs preliminary processing on the radar signal received by the MIMO antenna array, including amplification, filtering and analog-to-digital conversion; The SAR imaging module uses synthetic aperture radar technology to focus the echo data processed by the signal processing unit to generate a high-resolution two-dimensional or three-dimensional ground image; The intelligent information processing module uses convolutional neural networks and machine learning algorithms to automatically identify and analyze targets in the generated SAR images; The aircraft control module automatically adjusts the flight path and radar operating parameters of the UAV according to the mission requirements to optimize the imaging quality; through the closed-loop control mechanism, the aircraft control module can adjust the flight strategy in real time according to the imaging feedback to ensure the best radar image, while reducing the energy consumption of the UAV and extending the flight time; The data transmission module transmits the processed SAR images and analysis data to the ground control center in real time through the wireless communication protocol.

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MIMO antenna array is equipped with multiple antenna units to form a MIMO antenna array; each antenna unit is composed of a high-gain antenna and a beamforming network, and is used to transmit and receive radar signals at different angles; The implementation method is as follows: the system controls multiple antenna units to transmit signals simultaneously and receive echoes at different directions and distances.

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing unit uses a high-precision analog-to-digital converter ADC, a filter and a signal amplifier to process the received radar signal; its implementation method is as follows: when the drone receives an echo signal during flight, the signal is first amplified by a low-noise amplifier LNA; the amplified signal passes through a bandpass filter to remove noise and non-essential frequency band information and retain useful radar echoes; finally, the analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SAR imaging module adopts the synthetic aperture radar SAR imaging algorithm CSA to generate images of radar echoes processed by the signal processing unit; its implementation method is: SAR imaging simulates a large-aperture radar antenna through multi-point echo data on the flight path of the drone, thereby obtaining high-resolution images.

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation method of the intelligent information processing module is as follows: the SAR image passes through the intelligent information processing module, and the system uses a trained CNN model to automatically detect and classify different types of ground targets; the CNN model automatically detects enemy positions based on the characteristics of the SAR image and marks them in the image, automatically identifies enemy targets in the image, and analyzes their position, size, and movement information.

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aircraft control module uses the UAV's inertial measurement unit IMU, GPS module and control algorithm to adjust the flight path and radar parameters; its implementation method is: according to the real-time imaging effect, the aircraft control module dynamically adjusts the UAV's flight altitude, speed and azimuth to optimize the SAR imaging quality; when performing a mission, the aircraft control module will adjust the flight altitude according to the echo signal feedback to ensure that SAR imaging can obtain complete ground information; at the same time, the radar transmission frequency and transmission angle are dynamically adjusted to meet the imaging requirements of different tasks.

7. The unmanned aerial vehicle MIMO-SAR intelligent information processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission module uses high-frequency wireless communication equipment and data compression algorithms; The implementation process is as follows: the processed data is transmitted to the ground control center in real time through the wireless communication network; the appropriate transmission protocol is automatically selected according to the mission requirements and transmission bandwidth.