Integrated non-interception probe, beam current intensity and phase measuring device and beam current intensity and phase measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of accelerator beam diagnosis, in particular to an integrated non-interception probe and a beam intensity and phase measuring device and method.The integrated non-interception probe comprises a vacuum pipeline, a flange shell, a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring, a first induction coil winding is wound around the periphery of the first magnetic ring, and a second induction coil winding is wound around the periphery of the second magnetic ring; the first induction coil winding is wound on the periphery of the first magnetic ring, the second induction coil winding is wound on the periphery of the second magnetic ring, magnetic field changes generated when beams pass through are induced through the first induction coil winding and the second induction coil winding, beam signals are measured, and the first magnetic ring and the first induction coil winding measure real-time beam intensity. The second magnetic ring and the second induction coil winding measure the real-time beam phase. According to the invention, beam current intensity and phase measurement functions are integrated in the same non-interception probe, so that the integration level and compactness of equipment are improved, and the design of a miniaturized accelerator is facilitated. The method can be widely applied to various accelerators such as electron accelerators, proton accelerators and heavy ion accelerators, and is used for accelerator beam diagnosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of accelerator beam diagnosis, and in particular to an integrated non-intercepting probe, a device and a method for measuring beam current intensity and phase. Background Art

[0002] Beam intensity is the most core parameter for the operation of various types of accelerators, and beam phase is also one of the necessary parameters for the operation of various accelerators. Absolutely accurate measurement of beam intensity plays an indispensable role in the accelerator commissioning, acceptance and operation stages. Beam phase measurement is also one of the necessary measurement parameters for the straight line segments of various accelerators. Parameters such as beam energy can be inferred through phase measurement.

[0003] Nowadays, the design layout of accelerators is oriented towards miniaturization, and its application fields are also very wide. With the wide application, the demand for miniaturization is also stronger. Usually, when measuring the two beam parameters of beam intensity and phase in the straight section of the accelerator, at least two probes are used to measure the beam intensity and beam phase respectively. The two probes plus the mounting flange between the probe and the vacuum pipe will occupy a large part of the longitudinal space, which is not conducive to the demand for the overall layout of the accelerator to develop towards miniaturization. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an integrated non-intercepting probe, a beam intensity and phase measuring device and a method, so as to solve the defect that when measuring the beam intensity and phase in the straight section of an accelerator in the prior art, at least two probes are used, resulting in a large longitudinal space being occupied. The beam intensity and phase measurement functions are integrated into the same non-intercepting probe, thereby improving the integration and compactness of the equipment and being beneficial to the design of a miniaturized accelerator.

[0005] The present invention provides an integrated non-interception probe, comprising a vacuum pipe, a flange shell, a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring, wherein the vacuum pipe is used for beam passage; the flange shell is sleeved on the outer circumference of the vacuum pipe, and an installation cavity is formed between the inner wall of the flange shell and the outer circumference of the vacuum pipe, and two first output port feedthroughs and one second output port feedthrough are arranged on the flange shell; the first magnetic ring is coaxially arranged with the vacuum pipe and fixed in the installation cavity, a first induction coil winding is arranged around the outer circumference of the first magnetic ring, and the two remaining ends of the first induction coil winding are correspondingly connected to the two first output port feedthroughs; the second magnetic ring is coaxially arranged with the vacuum pipe and fixed in the installation cavity, a second induction coil winding is arranged around the outer circumference of the second magnetic ring, and one end of the remaining ends of the second induction coil winding is connected to the flange shell, and the other end is connected to the second output port feedthrough.

[0006] According to an integrated non-intercepting probe provided by the present invention, the flange shell includes a first mounting flange and a second mounting flange, the first mounting flange and the second mounting flange are respectively connected to the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the vacuum pipe, the first mounting flange and the second mounting flange are connected at the edges, and two of the first output port feedthroughs and one of the second output port feedthroughs are distributed along the circumference of the flange shell at the connection position.

[0007] According to an integrated non-interception probe provided by the present invention, the vacuum pipe includes a first pipe and a second pipe, the first pipe and the second pipe are connected by a ceramic ring, the ceramic ring, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are coaxially arranged, and the second magnetic ring is located inside the first magnetic ring, the ceramic ring is located inside the second magnetic ring, and the inner diameter of the ceramic ring is the same as the inner diameter of the vacuum pipe.

[0008] According to an integrated non-interception probe provided by the present invention, a first calibration port feedthrough and a second calibration port feedthrough are further provided on the flange housing.

[0009] A first calibration coil winding is also wound around the outer circumference of the first magnetic ring. Of the two remaining ends of the first calibration coil winding, one end is connected to the flange housing, and the other end is connected to the first calibration port feed-through.

[0010] A second calibration coil winding is also wound around the outer circumference of the second magnetic ring. Of the two remaining ends of the second calibration coil winding, one end is connected to the flange housing, and the other end is connected to the second calibration port feed-through.

[0011] According to an integrated non-intercepting probe provided by the present invention, the two first output port feedthroughs, the second output port feedthrough, the first calibration port feedthrough and the second calibration port feedthrough are all located on the outer circumferential surface of the flange shell, the two first output port feedthroughs are arranged close to each other and form a differential signal output, and the two first output port feedthroughs are arranged on opposite sides of the first calibration port feedthrough; the second output port feedthrough is a RF impedance output port, and the second output port feedthrough is arranged on opposite sides of the second calibration port feedthrough.

[0012] According to an integrated non-interception probe provided by the present invention, magnetic shielding components are disposed between the flange housing, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring, and the magnetic shielding components are used to shield static magnetic fields or low-frequency magnetic fields.

[0013] According to an integrated non-interception probe provided by the present invention, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are made of nanocrystalline strips, and the first induction coil winding, the second induction coil winding, the first calibration coil winding and the second calibration coil winding are all made of polyesterimide enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.3~1.0mm.

[0014] The present invention also provides a device for measuring beam current intensity and phase, comprising the integrated non-intercepting probe described in any one of the above, and also comprising a current-to-voltage conversion circuit, an oscilloscope, a calibration test coaxial mechanism and a vector network analyzer, wherein the input end of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first output port feedthrough of the integrated non-intercepting probe; the signal input end of the oscilloscope is connected to the output end of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit; the calibration test coaxial mechanism includes a coaxial core, and radio frequency feedthroughs are arranged at both ends of the coaxial core, and the coaxial core is located in the vacuum pipe of the integrated non-intercepting probe; one port of the vector network analyzer is connected to the second output port feedthrough of the integrated non-intercepting probe, and the other port is connected to one of the radio frequency feedthroughs of the calibration test coaxial mechanism.

[0015] According to a beam intensity and phase measuring device provided by the present invention, the calibration test coaxial mechanism also includes two coaxial flanges, which are installed on the outer circumference of the coaxial inner core through a support body, and are suitable for being respectively connected to the opposite sides of the flange shell of the integrated non-intercepting probe through the two coaxial flanges to fix the integrated non-intercepting probe.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for measuring beam intensity and phase, which is applicable to the above-mentioned beam intensity and phase measuring device, and the method for measuring beam intensity and phase comprises: controlling the beam to pass through the vacuum pipe of the integrated non-intercepting probe so that the surrounding magnetic field generated around the beam acts on the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring of the integrated non-intercepting probe; based on the first induction coil winding on the first magnetic ring, inducing the change of the magnetic field around the first magnetic ring, generating an induced electromotive force, and feeding through the two first output ports on the flange shell to form a differential signal output; a current-voltage conversion circuit obtains the differential signal output by the feedthrough of the two first output ports, and converts it into a current or voltage signal; the current or voltage signal converted by the current-voltage conversion circuit is obtained by an oscilloscope and analyzed to obtain the beam intensity value; based on the second induction coil winding on the second magnetic ring, inducing the change of the magnetic field around the second magnetic ring, generating an induced electromotive force, and feeding through the second output port on the flange shell to output a radio frequency impedance, and obtaining the radio frequency impedance output by the second output port feedthrough by a vector network analyzer and analyzing it to obtain the beam phase characteristic.

[0017] The integrated non-intercepting probe, beam current intensity and phase measuring device and method provided by the present invention measure the beam signal by sensing the magnetic field change generated when the beam passes through, and regards the beam as an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current equal to the beam current intensity, and the line current will generate a magnetic field. When the beam passes through the vacuum pipe, the magnetic field around the beam will act on the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring in the flange shell. According to Maxwell's equations, magnetism generates electricity, and the first induction coil winding on the first magnetic ring and the second induction coil winding on the second magnetic ring respectively sense the magnetic field changes around the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring, and the first induction coil winding and the second induction coil winding generate induced electromotive force. Among them, the first induction coil winding forms an induced current, the magnitude of which is related to the beam current intensity, and is used for real-time beam current intensity measurement; the second induction coil winding is used to capture the time characteristics of the magnetic field when the beam flows through, and is used for real-time measurement of the beam phase. The present invention nests and integrates the measurement probes of beam current intensity and beam phase in the same non-intercepting probe, which greatly improves the integration and compactness of the equipment and is beneficial to the design of miniaturized accelerators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of the integrated non-intercepting probe provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of the integrated non-intercepting probe provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA cross-section diagram of .

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the BB cross section.

[0023] Figure 5 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of the calibration test coaxial mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the calibration test coaxial mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the beam current intensity measurement principle provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the beam phase measurement principle provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1. vacuum pipe; 101. first pipe; 102. second pipe; 2. flange shell; 201. first output port feedthrough; 202. second output port feedthrough; 203. first mounting flange; 204. second mounting flange; 205. first calibration port feedthrough; 206. second calibration port feedthrough; 3. first magnetic ring; 4. first induction coil winding; 5. second magnetic ring; 6. second induction coil winding; 7. ceramic ring; 8. first calibration coil winding; 9. second calibration coil winding; 10. magnetic shielding; 11. current-voltage conversion circuit; 12. oscilloscope; 13. calibration test coaxial mechanism; 131. coaxial inner core; 132. RF feedthrough; 133. coaxial flange; 134. support body; 14. vector network analyzer; 15. current source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0033] Combine the following Figures 1 to 8 The invention describes an integrated non-intercepting probe, a device and a method for measuring beam current intensity and phase.

[0034] One embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated non-intercepting probe, combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the integrated non-interception probe includes a vacuum pipe 1, a flange shell 2, a first magnetic ring 3 and a second magnetic ring 5, wherein the vacuum pipe 1 is used for beam passage; the flange shell 2 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the vacuum pipe 1, and an installation cavity is formed between the inner wall of the flange shell 2 and the outer circumference of the vacuum pipe 1, and two first output port feedthroughs 201 and one second output port feedthrough 202 are arranged on the flange shell 2; the first magnetic ring 3 is coaxially arranged with the vacuum pipe 1 and fixed in the installation cavity, and a first induction coil winding 4 is wound around the outer circumference of the first magnetic ring 3, and the two remaining ends of the first induction coil winding 4 are correspondingly connected to the two first output port feedthroughs 201; the second magnetic ring 5 is coaxially arranged with the vacuum pipe 1 and fixed in the installation cavity, and a second induction coil winding 6 is wound around the outer circumference of the second magnetic ring 5, and one end of the remaining ends of the second induction coil winding 6 is connected to the flange shell 2, and the other end is connected to the second output port feedthrough 202.

[0035] It can be understood that the integrated non-intercepting probe of the present embodiment measures the beam signal by sensing the magnetic field changes generated when the beam passes through. Specifically, the beam is regarded as an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current equal to the beam current strength, and the line current will generate a magnetic field. When the beam passes through the vacuum pipe 1, the magnetic field around the beam will act on the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 in the flange housing 2. According to Maxwell's equations, magnetism generates electricity. The first induction coil winding 4 on the first magnetic ring 3 and the second induction coil winding 6 on the second magnetic ring 5 respectively sense the magnetic field changes around the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5, and the first induction coil winding 4 and the second induction coil winding 6 generate induced electromotive force. Among them, the first induction coil winding 4 forms an induced current, the magnitude of which is related to the beam current intensity, and is used for real-time beam current intensity measurement, that is: a differential signal is output from the first output port feedthrough 201, and the beam current intensity is known by detecting the induced current; the second induction coil winding 6 is used to capture the time characteristics of the magnetic field when the beam flows through, and is used for real-time measurement of the beam phase, that is: through the induced current in the second induction coil winding 6, the RF impedance is output from the second output port feedthrough 202, and the change of the beam phase can be indirectly obtained, thereby obtaining information about the beam phase. In this embodiment, the measurement probes of the beam current intensity and the beam phase are nested and integrated in the same non-intercepting probe, which greatly improves the integration and compactness of the equipment, and is beneficial to the design of miniaturized accelerators. The integrated non-intercepting probe of this embodiment can be widely used in the field of accelerator beam diagnosis, that is, it can be applied to various accelerators such as electron accelerators, proton accelerators and heavy ion accelerators.

[0036] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some specific examples of the integrated non-intercepting probe of the present invention, the flange shell 2 includes a first mounting flange 203 and a second mounting flange 204, and the first mounting flange 203 and the second mounting flange 204 are respectively connected to the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the vacuum pipe 1, and the first mounting flange 203 and the second mounting flange 204 are connected at the edges, and two first output port feedthroughs 201 and one second output port feedthrough 202 are distributed circumferentially along the flange shell 2 at the connection position.

[0037] It can be understood that in this example, the first mounting flange 203 and the second mounting flange 204 are respectively mounted on the outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the vacuum pipe 1, forming a mechanical interface of the probe system. This design not only provides the necessary mechanical support, but also ensures that the components inside the probe (such as magnetic rings, induction coil windings, etc.) can maintain a precise positional relationship and are not affected by external vibrations or mechanical stress. The edges of the first mounting flange 203 and the second mounting flange 204 are interconnected to form a complete flange shell 2. This connection method ensures the sealing and stability of the overall structure of the probe, helps to maintain the high vacuum environment required by the accelerator, and prevents external gases from entering and affecting the beam quality. At the position where the first mounting flange 203 and the second mounting flange 204 are connected, two first output port feedthroughs 201 and one second output port feedthrough 202 are distributed along the circumference of the flange shell 2. The two first output port feedthroughs 201 are used to transmit current intensity measurement signals, and a differential output method is adopted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and reduce noise interference. A second output port feedthrough 202 provides a 50 ohm characteristic impedance output for transmitting a phase measurement signal, and can be directly connected to a vector network analyzer, an oscilloscope or other data acquisition equipment suitable for phase measurement.

[0038] By concentrating multiple feedthrough ports at the connection position of the flange housing 2, the design achieves a compact layout of the overall structure, reduces the space occupied by the device, and is particularly suitable for miniaturized accelerators with strict volume requirements. The layout design of the first mounting flange 203 and the second mounting flange 204 and the feedthrough ports thereon not only provides a stable mechanical support and an effective signal transmission path for the probe system, but also further improves the practicality and reliability of the entire probe system by optimizing space utilization and facilitating maintenance.

[0039] See again Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the integrated non-interception probe of the present invention, the vacuum pipe 1 includes a first pipe 101 and a second pipe 102, and the first pipe 101 and the second pipe 102 are connected by a ceramic ring 7, and the ceramic ring 7, the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 are coaxially arranged, and the second magnetic ring 5 is located inside the first magnetic ring 3, and the ceramic ring 7 is located inside the second magnetic ring 5, and the inner diameter of the ceramic ring 7 is the same as the inner diameter of the vacuum pipe 1.

[0040] It is understandable that the vacuum pipe 1 consists of a first pipe 101 and a second pipe 102, which are connected together by a ceramic ring 7. This segmented design helps to simplify the manufacturing process and allows each part to be independently maintained or replaced when necessary. The ceramic ring 7 not only serves as a connector to combine the first pipe 101 and the second pipe 102 into a whole, but also provides key functions: first, vacuum sealing. The inner diameter of the ceramic ring 7 is the same as the inner diameter of the vacuum pipe 1, which ensures the continuity and sealing of the entire vacuum pipe 1 and maintains the high vacuum environment required by the accelerator. Secondly, electrical insulation. Ceramic materials have good electrical insulation properties and can effectively isolate the induction coil windings and other electrical components from the surrounding metal structures (such as the vacuum pipe 1) to avoid short circuits or unnecessary electromagnetic interference. Thirdly, mechanical support. The ceramic ring 7 provides the necessary mechanical support for the internal first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 to ensure that these sensitive components are stable in position during operation and are not affected by external vibrations or shocks.

[0041] The first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 are coaxially arranged, wherein the second magnetic ring 5 is located inside the first magnetic ring 3, and the ceramic ring 7 is located at the innermost side, close to the vacuum pipe 1. Such a layout design enables the two magnetic rings to work independently without interfering with each other, and are responsible for the measurement of current intensity and phase respectively. The coaxial arrangement can minimize the space occupation and achieve a compact design, which is particularly suitable for application in miniaturized accelerators. At the same time, the coaxial arrangement also helps to optimize the magnetic field distribution, making it easier for the magnetic rings to capture changes in the target magnetic field and improve the induction efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments of the integrated non-interception probe of the present invention, a first calibration port feedthrough 205 and a second calibration port feedthrough 206 are further provided on the flange housing 2. A first calibration coil winding 8 is further wound around the outer periphery of the first magnetic ring 3, one end of the first calibration coil winding 8 is connected to the flange housing 2, and the other end is connected to the first calibration port feedthrough 205. A second calibration coil winding 9 is further wound around the outer periphery of the second magnetic ring 5, one end of the second calibration coil winding 9 is connected to the flange housing 2, and the other end is connected to the second calibration port feedthrough 206.

[0043] It can be understood that the integrated non-intercepting probe of this embodiment provides a self-calibration function. The first calibration port feedthrough 205 and the second calibration port feedthrough 206 are arranged on the flange housing 2. These ports provide an interface for connecting a standard current source, allowing the user to perform offline or online real-time calibration of the probe without disassembling the probe. Among them, the first calibration coil winding 8 is wound around the outer periphery of the first magnetic ring 3. One end of the first calibration coil winding 8 is connected to the flange housing 2, which provides a stable ground reference point for the calibration coil. The other end is connected to the first calibration port feedthrough 205. A known standard current signal can be introduced through this port to calibrate the probe's response characteristics to the beam current intensity. The second magnetic ring 5 is also wound around the outer periphery with a second calibration coil winding 9. One end of the second calibration coil winding 9 is connected to the flange housing 2 to ensure good electrical grounding and electromagnetic shielding effects. The other end is connected to the second calibration port feedthrough 206. A standard current signal can be applied through this port to calibrate the probe's measurement performance of the beam phase.

[0044] Calibration process: When calibrating the current intensity coefficient, the first calibration port feedthrough 205 is short-circuited to the signal output end of the current source, and the first output port feedthrough 201 is connected to the signal input end of the oscilloscope via the IV conversion circuit. When the current is input, the probe can accurately respond and generate a corresponding voltage output, and can accurately respond to known current changes and generate a corresponding voltage output, thereby completing the calibration of the current intensity coefficient. When performing the working bandwidth test of the phase measurement function, for the working bandwidth test of the phase measurement function, the second calibration port feedthrough 206 is used to connect a vector network analyzer or other phase measurement equipment. By applying a standard current signal within a known frequency range, the phase response characteristics of the probe within the entire working bandwidth can be evaluated.

[0045] In this embodiment, the probe has a self-calibration function through the built-in first calibration coil winding 8 and the second calibration coil winding 9, which cooperate with the calibration port on the flange housing 2. This allows the user to regularly calibrate the calibration probe to ensure accuracy in long-term use without physically disassembling the entire probe. The presence of the calibration coil winding makes it possible to accurately calibrate the probe under known conditions to ensure the reliability and accuracy of its measurement results. Moreover, the function of offline or online real-time calibration greatly simplifies the maintenance process of the probe and improves the operability and flexibility of the system, especially in application scenarios that require frequent calibration. This embodiment implements an efficient self-calibration function. This design not only improves the measurement accuracy, but also simplifies the maintenance process, ensuring that the probe system can maintain high-precision flow intensity and phase measurement capabilities for a long time.

[0046] In some specific examples of the integrated non-intercepting probe of the present invention, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the two first output port feedthroughs 201, the second output port feedthrough 202, the first calibration port feedthrough 205 and the second calibration port feedthrough 206 are all located on the outer circumferential surface of the flange shell 2, the two first output port feedthroughs 201 are arranged close to each other and form a differential signal output, and the two first output port feedthroughs 201 and the first calibration port feedthrough 205 are arranged on opposite sides; the second output port feedthrough 202 is a radio frequency impedance output port, and the second output port feedthrough 202 and the second calibration port feedthrough 206 are arranged on opposite sides.

[0047] It can be understood that the two first output port feedthroughs 201 are located on the outer circumference of the flange housing 2 and are arranged close to each other to form a differential signal output. This layout helps to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, reduce noise interference, and ensure the accurate transmission of the current intensity measurement signal. The second output port feedthrough 202 is also located on the outer circumference of the flange housing 2. It is an RF impedance output port (50 ohm characteristic impedance) for transmitting phase measurement signals. The design of this port ensures the effective conduction of high-frequency signals, which is crucial for capturing beam phase information. The first calibration port feedthrough 205 and the second calibration port feedthrough 206 are also located on the outer circumference of the flange housing 2. These ports provide an interface for connecting a standard current source, allowing the user to perform offline or online real-time calibration of the probe without disassembling the probe.

[0048] The two first output port feedthroughs 201 and the first calibration port feedthrough 205 are arranged on opposite sides, which not only clearly separates the signal transmission paths and reduces the risk of mutual interference, but also facilitates connection and operation. The second output port feedthrough 202 and the second calibration port feedthrough 206 are also arranged on opposite sides. This helps to maintain the purity of the phase measurement signal and simplifies the connection settings during the calibration process. The layout of each feedthrough in this embodiment not only realizes the effective transmission of the signal and the compactness of the system, but also improves the measurement accuracy and reliability, simplifies the maintenance process, and ensures that the probe can maintain high-precision current intensity and phase measurement capabilities for a long time.

[0049] In some embodiments of the integrated non-intercepting probe of the present invention, see again Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, magnetic shielding members 10 are disposed between the flange housing 2 , the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 . The magnetic shielding member 10 is used to shield a static magnetic field or a low-frequency magnetic field.

[0050] The main function of the magnetic shielding member 10 is to reduce the influence of the static magnetic field or low-frequency magnetic field in the external environment on the induction coil inside the probe. By effectively blocking these external magnetic fields, unnecessary electromagnetic interference can be avoided and the purity of the measurement signal can be ensured. The magnetic shielding member 10 is arranged between the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 to prevent the operation of one magnetic ring from affecting the measurement result of the other magnetic ring, which ensures that the two magnetic rings can independently and accurately sense the magnetic field changes generated by the beam, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the entire system. The magnetic shielding member 10 can also optimize the distribution of the local magnetic field, so that the target magnetic field passes through the magnetic ring more concentratedly, thereby enhancing the induction effect, which is very important for improving the induction sensitivity and measurement accuracy. The magnetic shielding member is arranged between the flange housing 2 and the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 to ensure that the static or low-frequency magnetic field from the external environment will not directly enter the probe and affect the measurement results.

[0051] It is understandable that the magnetic shielding member 10 is usually made of high magnetic permeability materials, such as Permalloy with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm. This type of material can effectively block external stray magnetic fields without affecting the instantaneous change magnetic field induction generated by the beam. By arranging the magnetic shielding member 10 between the flange housing 2, the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5, effective electromagnetic isolation is achieved, external magnetic field interference is reduced, and the internal magnetic field environment is optimized, thereby significantly improving the measurement accuracy and reliability. It is crucial to ensure that the probe works stably and reliably in a complex electromagnetic environment, especially in application scenarios that require high-precision measurements.

[0052] Based on the structure of the integrated non-interception probe in the above-mentioned embodiments, in some specific examples, the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 are made of nanocrystalline strips, and the first induction coil winding 4, the second induction coil winding 6, the first calibration coil winding 8 and the second calibration coil winding 9 are all made of polyesterimide enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.3~1.0mm.

[0053] It can be understood that the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 are made of nanocrystalline ribbons, which can provide higher magnetic permeability, help to more effectively capture the instantaneous change of magnetic field generated by the beam, improve the induction efficiency, and its low coercive force characteristics enable the magnetic ring to quickly respond to magnetic field changes, reduce hysteresis effects, and improve measurement accuracy. All induction coil windings (first induction coil winding 4 and second induction coil winding 6) and calibration coil windings (first calibration coil winding 8 and second calibration coil winding 9) are made of polyester imide enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.3~1.0mm. The selection of this material is based on the following considerations.

[0054] Insulation performance: Polyesterimide coating provides excellent electrical insulation performance, ensuring insulation and safety between coil windings.

[0055] Mechanical strength: Enameled copper wire has sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the necessary tension during the winding process without breaking easily.

[0056] Heat resistance: Polyesterimide material has good heat resistance and can maintain stable performance in high temperature environment, which is suitable for the working conditions that may be encountered in accelerators.

[0057] Flexibility and processability: The appropriate diameter range (0.3~1.0mm) allows the coil winding to be tightly wound around the magnetic ring without being too thick to affect the compactness of the overall structure.

[0058] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a device for measuring beam current intensity and phase. In some embodiments, the device for measuring beam current intensity and phase includes the integrated non-intercepting probe in any one of the above embodiments, and also includes a current-to-voltage conversion circuit 11, an oscilloscope 12, a calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 and a vector network analyzer 14, wherein the input end of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 11 is connected to the first output port feedthrough 201 of the integrated non-intercepting probe; the signal input end of the oscilloscope 12 is connected to the output end of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 11; the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 includes a coaxial core 131, and radio frequency feedthroughs 132 are arranged at both ends of the coaxial core 131, and the coaxial core 131 is located in the vacuum pipe 1 of the integrated non-intercepting probe; one port of the vector network analyzer 14 is connected to the second output port feedthrough 202 of the integrated non-intercepting probe, and the other port is connected to an radio frequency feedthrough 132 of the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13.

[0059] In some examples, the integrated non-intercepting probe includes a vacuum pipe 1, a flange housing 2, a first magnetic ring 3, a first induction coil winding 4, a second magnetic ring 5, a second induction coil winding 6, a ceramic ring 7, a first calibration coil winding 8, a second calibration coil winding 9 and a magnetic shield 10, which together constitute a compact and efficient beam current intensity and phase measurement system. The current-voltage conversion circuit 11 converts the weak current signal generated by the induction coil into a proportional voltage signal to facilitate subsequent data processing and analysis. The oscilloscope 12 is used to display and record the converted voltage signal, provide intuitive current intensity measurement results, and support further data analysis. The calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 provides a standard test environment for the probe, allowing calibration and performance verification under known conditions to ensure measurement accuracy. The vector network analyzer 14 is used to evaluate the working bandwidth, phase response and other key performance indicators of the probe, especially the performance under high-frequency signals.

[0060] The beam intensity and phase measuring device in this embodiment can perform beam intensity measurement, beam phase measurement and device performance calibration. Current intensity measurement process: when the beam passes through, the first magnetic ring 3 and its first induction coil winding 4 sense the change in the magnetic field and generate weak current signals. These current signals are transmitted to the current-voltage conversion circuit 11 through the first output port feedthrough 201 and converted into voltage signals. The converted voltage signals are sent to the oscilloscope 12 for the operator to view and record in real time to complete the current intensity measurement.

[0061] Phase measurement process: When the beam passes through, the second magnetic ring 5 and its second induction coil winding 6 sense the change in the magnetic field and generate corresponding current signals. These current signals are transmitted to the vector network analyzer 14 through the second output port feedthrough 202 for evaluating the phase characteristics. The vector network analyzer 14 can capture the phase information in the high-frequency component and perform detailed analysis to provide accurate phase measurement results.

[0062] Calibration and performance verification: During the calibration test, the known current generated by the standard current source is transmitted to the first calibration coil winding 8 or the second calibration coil winding 9 of the probe through the RF feedthrough 132 of the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13. After the standard signal is introduced into the probe, the probe output is read by the vector network analyzer 14 and compared with the expected value to complete the calibration process. This design allows the user to perform calibration tests on the calibration probe regularly to ensure long-term accuracy without physically disassembling the entire probe.

[0063] In combination with the structure of the beam intensity and phase measuring device in the above embodiment, in some specific examples, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 also includes two coaxial flanges 133, which are installed on the outer circumference of the coaxial inner core 131 through a support body 134, and are suitable for being connected to the opposite sides of the flange shell 2 of the integrated non-intercepting probe through the two coaxial flanges 133, so as to fix the integrated non-intercepting probe.

[0064] It can be understood that the integrated non-interception probe achieves stable fixation of the probe by adding two coaxial flanges 133 to the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 and installing it on the outer circumference of the coaxial inner core 131 through the support body 134. This design not only improves the measurement accuracy during the calibration process, but also simplifies the installation and disassembly operations, ensuring that the probe can maintain high-precision measurement capabilities for a long time.

[0065] Specifically, the coaxial core 131 is located inside the vacuum pipe 1 of the integrated non-intercepting probe and is responsible for transmitting high-frequency signals; the RF feedthrough 132 is arranged at both ends of the coaxial core 131 to ensure that the high-frequency signal from the probe to the test instrument can be effectively transmitted. Two coaxial flanges 133 are installed on the outer peripheral surface of the coaxial core 131 through a support body 134. These flanges are used to fix the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 to the flange housing 2 of the integrated non-intercepting probe. The support body 134 provides mechanical support, ensures the stability of the coaxial core 131 under the action of external forces, and reduces the influence of mechanical vibration on the measurement results. The two coaxial flanges 133 are respectively connected to the opposite sides of the flange housing 2 of the integrated non-intercepting probe, which not only ensures the close fit between the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 and the probe, but also provides a stable mechanical foundation for the entire system to prevent any unnecessary movement or displacement.

[0066] Before calibration, the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13 is first fixed to the opposite sides of the flange housing 2 of the integrated non-intercepting probe through two coaxial flanges 133 to ensure that there is no relative movement between the probe and the coaxial mechanism during the test, providing a stable measurement environment. The known current generated by the standard current source 15 is introduced into the coaxial core, passed to the probe through the first calibration coil winding 8 or the second calibration coil winding 9, and then the probe output is read and compared with the expected value to complete the calibration process. The vector network analyzer 14 can evaluate the working bandwidth, phase response and other key performance indicators of the probe, especially the performance under high-frequency signals.

[0067] Another aspect of the present invention further provides a method for measuring beam intensity and phase, which is applicable to the device for measuring beam intensity and phase in the above embodiments. In some embodiments, the method for measuring beam intensity and phase includes the following steps S1 to S3.

[0068] S1. Control the beam to pass through the vacuum pipe 1 of the integrated non-intercepting probe so that the surrounding magnetic field generated around the beam acts on the first magnetic ring 3 and the second magnetic ring 5 of the integrated non-intercepting probe.

[0069] This step guides a beam of charged particles through the vacuum tube of an integrated non-intercepting probe. As the beam passes through, a surrounding magnetic field is generated that contains information about the beam's intensity and phase.

[0070] S2, based on the first induction coil winding 4 on the first magnetic ring 3 inducing the change of the magnetic field around the first magnetic ring 3, generating an induced electromotive force, and forming a differential signal output through the two first output ports 201 on the flange housing 2; see Figure 7As shown, the current-voltage conversion circuit 11 obtains the differential signal output by the two first output port feedthroughs 201 and converts it into a current or voltage signal; the current or voltage signal converted by the current-voltage conversion circuit 11 is obtained and analyzed by the oscilloscope 12 to obtain the beam current value.

[0071] The instantaneous changing magnetic field generated by the beam passes through the first magnetic ring 3 (made of nanocrystalline ribbon). According to the principle of magnetoelectricity in Maxwell's equations, the first induction coil winding 4 on the first magnetic ring 3 will sense these magnetic field changes and generate an induced electromotive force (voltage) in the coil. The induced electromotive force forms a differential signal output through the two first output port feedthroughs 201 on the flange housing 2. This differential output method can improve the signal-to-noise ratio and reduce noise interference. The current-voltage conversion circuit 11 obtains the differential signal output by the two first output port feedthroughs 201 and converts it into a current or voltage signal that can be directly read. The current or voltage signal converted by the current-voltage conversion circuit 11 is obtained through the oscilloscope 12 and analyzed to obtain the beam current value. The oscilloscope 12 can provide an intuitive waveform display, which is convenient for real-time monitoring and recording of current data.

[0072] S3, based on the second induction coil winding 6 on the second magnetic ring 5 sensing the change of the magnetic field around the second magnetic ring 5, generating an induced electromotive force, and outputting the RF impedance through the second output port feedthrough 202 on the flange housing 2, see Figure 8 As shown, the radio frequency impedance outputted by the second output port feedthrough 202 is acquired and analyzed by the vector network analyzer 14 to obtain the beam phase characteristic.

[0073] Similarly, the instantaneous changing magnetic field generated by the beam will also pass through the second magnetic ring 5 (also made of nanocrystalline ribbon), and the second induction coil winding 6 on the second magnetic ring 5 will sense these magnetic field changes and generate an induced electromotive force, which will output an RF impedance signal through the second output port feedthrough 202 on the flange shell 2. This port provides a 50 ohm characteristic impedance output, which is suitable for transmitting high-frequency signals. One port of the vector network analyzer 14 is connected to the second output port feedthrough 202 of the integrated non-intercepting probe, and the other port is connected to an RF feedthrough 132 of the calibration test coaxial mechanism 13. The vector network analyzer 14 is used to obtain the RF impedance signal output by the second output port feedthrough 202, and perform detailed phase analysis to obtain the beam phase characteristics.

[0074] In addition, the probe can be self-calibrated, allowing the user to perform regular calibration tests on the probe using a standard commercial current source 15. This ensures that the probe can maintain high-precision measurement performance throughout its service life. The calibration process is simple and fast, and can be performed offline or online in real time through the calibration ports (the first calibration port feedthrough 205 and the second calibration port feedthrough 206) on the flange housing 2. For details, please refer to the calibration process of the beam current intensity and phase measurement device mentioned above.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated non-intercepting probe, characterized in that: include: A vacuum pipe (1) for the beam to pass through; A flange housing (2) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the vacuum pipe (1), a mounting cavity is formed between the inner wall of the flange housing (2) and the outer circumference of the vacuum pipe (1), and two first output port feedthroughs (201) and one second output port feedthrough (202) are provided on the flange housing (2); A first magnetic ring (3) is coaxially arranged with the vacuum pipe (1) and fixed in the installation cavity, a first induction coil winding (4) is wound around the outer circumference of the first magnetic ring (3), and the remaining two ends of the first induction coil winding (4) are correspondingly connected to the two first output port feedthroughs (201); A second magnetic ring (5) is coaxially arranged with the vacuum pipe (1) and fixed in the installation cavity. A second induction coil winding (6) is arranged around the outer circumference of the second magnetic ring (5). One end of the second induction coil winding (6) is connected to the flange housing (2) and the other end is connected to the second output port feedthrough (202).

2. The integrated non-intercepting probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange housing (2) comprises a first mounting flange (203) and a second mounting flange (204); the first mounting flange (203) and the second mounting flange (204) are respectively connected to the outer circumferential surfaces of two ends of the vacuum pipe (1); the first mounting flange (203) and the second mounting flange (204) are edge-connected, and two first output port feedthroughs (201) and one second output port feedthrough (202) are distributed along the circumference of the flange housing (2) at the connection position.

3. The integrated non-intercepting probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum pipe (1) comprises a first pipe (101) and a second pipe (102); the first pipe (101) and the second pipe (102) are connected via a ceramic ring (7); the ceramic ring (7), the first magnetic ring (3) and the second magnetic ring (5) are coaxially arranged; the second magnetic ring (5) is located inside the first magnetic ring (3); the ceramic ring (7) is located inside the second magnetic ring (5); and the inner diameter of the ceramic ring (7) is the same as the inner diameter of the vacuum pipe (1).

4. The integrated non-intercepting probe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The flange housing (2) is also provided with a first calibration port feedthrough (205) and a second calibration port feedthrough (206); A first calibration coil winding (8) is also wound around the outer circumference of the first magnetic ring (3); one end of the first calibration coil winding (8) is connected to the flange housing (2), and the other end is connected to the first calibration port feedthrough (205); A second calibration coil winding (9) is also wound around the outer circumference of the second magnetic ring (5); one end of the retained two ends of the second calibration coil winding (9) is connected to the flange housing (2), and the other end is connected to the second calibration port feedthrough (206).

5. The integrated non-intercepting probe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two first output port feedthroughs (201), the second output port feedthrough (202), the first calibration port feedthrough (205) and the second calibration port feedthrough (206) are all located on the outer circumferential surface of the flange shell (2); the two first output port feedthroughs (201) are arranged close to each other and form a differential signal output; the two first output port feedthroughs (201) and the first calibration port feedthrough (205) are arranged on opposite sides; the second output port feedthrough (202) is a radio frequency impedance output port; the second output port feedthrough (202) and the second calibration port feedthrough (206) are arranged on opposite sides.

6. The integrated non-intercepting probe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flange housing (2), the first magnetic ring (3) and the second magnetic ring (5) are all provided with magnetic shielding components (10) between each other, and the magnetic shielding components (10) are used to shield a static magnetic field or a low-frequency magnetic field.

7. The integrated non-intercepting probe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first magnetic ring (3) and the second magnetic ring (5) are made of nanocrystalline ribbons, and the first induction coil winding (4), the second induction coil winding (6), the first calibration coil winding (8) and the second calibration coil winding (9) are all made of polyesterimide enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 mm.

8. A device for measuring beam current intensity and phase, characterized in that: include: The integrated non-intercepting probe according to any one of claims 1 to 7; A current-to-voltage conversion circuit (11), wherein an input end of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit (11) is connected to a first output port feed-through (201) of the integrated non-intercepting probe; An oscilloscope (12), wherein a signal input end of the oscilloscope (12) is connected to an output end of the current-voltage conversion circuit (11); A calibration test coaxial mechanism (13), the calibration test coaxial mechanism (13) comprising a coaxial inner core (131), radio frequency feedthroughs (132) being arranged at both ends of the coaxial inner core (131), the coaxial inner core (131) being located in the vacuum pipe (1) of the integrated non-intercepting probe; A vector network analyzer (14), one port of the vector network analyzer (14) being connected to the second output port feedthrough (202) of the integrated non-intercepting probe, and the other port of the vector network analyzer (14) being connected to one of the radio frequency feedthroughs (132) of the calibration test coaxial mechanism (13).

9. The device for measuring beam intensity and phase according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calibration test coaxial mechanism (13) further comprises two coaxial flanges (133), the two coaxial flanges (133) being mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the coaxial inner core (131) via a support body (134), and being adapted to be respectively connected to opposite sides of the flange housing (2) of the integrated non-intercepting probe via the two coaxial flanges (133) so as to fix the integrated non-intercepting probe.

10. A method for measuring beam current intensity and phase, characterized in that: The device for measuring beam current intensity and phase according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the method for measuring beam current intensity and phase comprises: Controlling the beam to pass through the vacuum pipe (1) of the integrated non-intercepting probe so that the surrounding magnetic field generated around the beam acts on the first magnetic ring (3) and the second magnetic ring (5) of the integrated non-intercepting probe; Based on the first induction coil winding (4) on the first magnetic ring (3), the first induction coil winding (4) senses the change of the magnetic field around the first magnetic ring (3), generates an induced electromotive force, and forms a differential signal output through the two first output port feedthroughs (201) on the flange shell (2); the current-voltage conversion circuit (11) obtains the differential signal output by the two first output port feedthroughs (201) and converts it into a current or voltage signal; the current or voltage signal converted by the current-voltage conversion circuit (11) is obtained through an oscilloscope (12) and analyzed to obtain a beam current intensity value; Based on the second induction coil winding (6) on the second magnetic ring (5), the second induction coil winding (6) on the second magnetic ring (5) senses the change of the magnetic field around the second magnetic ring (5), generates an induced electromotive force, and outputs a radio frequency impedance through a second output port feedthrough (202) on the flange housing (2). The radio frequency impedance output by the second output port feedthrough (202) is obtained and analyzed through a vector network analyzer (14) to obtain a beam phase characteristic.

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