Intelligent micro-grid rail transit platform

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent traffic, and discloses an intelligent micro-grid rail traffic platform, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a micro-grid control module, a micro-grid control module, a micro-grid control module and a micro-grid control module, and is characterized in that the photovoltaic power generation module consists of a photovoltaic panel assembly and a mounting support structure thereof; the electric quantity storage module is used for storing redundant electric energy through an energy storage battery and a battery management system when illumination is sufficient and supplying power to the platform and guaranteeing the safety and performance of the battery when illumination is insufficient; and the electric quantity management and distribution module reasonably distributes electric energy according to the power demand and priority of each system by means of an intelligent controller and an electric quantity monitoring unit so as to realize energy conservation and safe operation. By integrating the photovoltaic power generation module, the electric quantity storage module, the management distribution module and other modules, efficient conversion, storage and reasonable distribution of energy are achieved, redundant electric energy is stored, all the electric modules distribute electric energy according to needs, energy waste is reduced, energy self-sufficiency of the platform is achieved to a great extent, and dependence on external energy supply is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent transportation technology, and in particular to an intelligent microgrid rail transportation platform. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of cities and the continuous growth of population, urban public transportation systems play an increasingly important role in people's daily lives. Rail transit, as an efficient, fast and large-capacity public transportation mode, has been widely used and developed. In the rail transit system, the platform is an important place for passengers to get on and off and wait for the train. Its normal operation is crucial to ensuring the safety and convenience of passengers' travel.

[0003] However, in traditional rail transit platforms, the power supply usually depends on the external power grid. Once a power outage or other fault occurs, the platform will not be able to operate normally, causing great inconvenience to passengers and may even cause safety issues. In addition, with the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental problems, finding clean and renewable energy supply methods to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions of public transportation systems has also become an urgent need for urban development. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent microgrid rail transit platform, which solves the problem that the power supply is overly dependent on the external power grid and the platform cannot operate normally due to failures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an intelligent microgrid rail transit station, comprising: Photovoltaic power generation modules, consisting of photovoltaic panel assemblies and their mounting support structures, are laid on the top of the platform to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The power storage module uses energy storage batteries and battery management systems to store excess power when there is sufficient sunlight, and to power the station and ensure battery safety and performance when there is insufficient sunlight; The power management and distribution module uses intelligent controllers and power monitoring units to reasonably distribute power according to the power demand and priority of each system to achieve energy saving and operational safety; The power load module provides functional support and environmental protection for passenger travel and platform operations; The grid interaction module uses an inverter and a grid-connected controller to convert direct current into alternating current, allowing excess power at the station to be safely and stably fed back to the grid when necessary.

[0006] Preferably, the power storage module comprises: The storage unit is responsible for storing and releasing electrical energy; Battery management unit monitors and controls the performance of the battery.

[0007] Preferably, the power management and allocation module includes: Intelligent controller: including: data processing unit, which receives the data collected by the power monitoring unit, analyzes and processes it, and formulates a reasonable power distribution plan; decision-making unit, which makes power distribution decisions based on the results of the data processing unit and determines the power supply priority and power supply amount of each power system; instruction output unit: sends the instructions generated by the decision-making unit to each power system to control its power input; The power monitoring unit collects the electrical parameters in the circuit in real time through sensors including current sensors, voltage sensors and power sensors, and transmits the processed power data to the intelligent controller.

[0008] Preferably, the electrical load module includes: an electromechanical system, a passenger system and an environmental system.

[0009] Preferably, the power grid interaction module includes: The inverter unit converts DC power into AC power and cuts off the circuit in time when the inverter device experiences abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overheating, etc. The grid-connected controller synchronizes the AC power output by the inverter with the voltage, frequency and phase of the power grid to ensure the stability and reliability of the grid connection.

[0010] Preferably, the battery management unit comprises: The monitoring unit monitors the parameters of the energy storage battery including voltage, current, temperature and power in real time, and promptly detects abnormal battery status; The control unit controls the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the data fed back by the monitoring unit to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, etc. The balancing unit is used to balance the power difference between each battery cell in the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery pack; The communication unit communicates data with other modules, transmits battery status information to the intelligent controller, and receives instructions from the intelligent controller.

[0011] Preferably, the electromechanical system comprises: The control unit formulates and executes the power distribution strategy based on the real-time power generation, power consumption and energy storage conditions, stores the excess power during low power consumption, releases the stored power during peak power consumption, or feeds the power back to the grid when there is a surplus of power; The metering unit is used to accurately measure the power generation, power consumption, energy storage and power fed back to the power grid of the intelligent transportation station.

[0012] Preferably, the passenger system comprises: The ticketing module reads the passenger's physical ticket information to verify the ticket's validity and riding privileges, and verifies and compares the read ticket information to determine whether the ticket is valid; The information query module allows passengers to input query instructions and keywords, including route query, station query, fare query and transfer query, through forms including touch screen and keyboard.

[0013] Preferably, the environmental system comprises: The lighting unit detects the parameters of the external natural light including intensity and wavelength in real time through the light sensor, converts the analog light signal detected by the light sensor into a digital signal through the A / D converter and generates corresponding instructions, and adjusts its own brightness, color and color temperature parameters according to the received control instructions to realize automatic adjustment of the lighting brightness in the platform; The temperature unit senses the temperature changes of the outside world and the inside of the platform in real time through the temperature sensor, and adjusts and controls the operating mode (cooling, heating, ventilation), operating power, wind speed, wind direction and other parameters of the air-conditioning system according to the instructions of the data processing and control module, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the temperature in the platform; The illumination module and the temperature module are both equipped with a control algorithm unit, which is provided with a control algorithm and strategy for adjusting the brightness and temperature in the platform according to the illumination intensity and temperature.

[0014] Preferably, the grid-connected controller further comprises: a power control unit for controlling the power output and direction of the inverter device according to the demand of the power grid and the power generation situation of the station.

[0015] The present invention provides a smart microgrid rail transit platform. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes efficient conversion, storage and reasonable distribution of energy by integrating modules such as photovoltaic power generation, power storage and management distribution. Solar energy is converted into electrical energy, and excess electrical energy is stored. Each power module distributes electrical energy on demand, which reduces energy waste and enables the platform to achieve energy self-sufficiency to a large extent, reducing dependence on external energy supply.

[0016] 2. The present invention ensures the stability of the platform's power supply under different lighting conditions, power demands and power grid conditions through precise battery management, power distribution and grid interactive control, as well as the coordinated operation and intelligent control of various systems, effectively preventing abnormal conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging and over-current, providing a solid guarantee for the continuous and stable operation of the platform and improving the reliability of rail transit operations.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides convenient ticketing services and information query functions for passengers through the passenger system and environmental system, and intelligently adjusts the lighting and temperature in the platform to create a comfortable waiting environment for passengers. These functions not only improve the convenience of passengers' travel, but also enhance the comfort of passengers during their stay at the platform, significantly improving the travel experience and service quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a display diagram of the intelligent transportation station system in the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the power storage module in the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power management allocation module in the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an electrical load module in the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a power grid interaction module in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a display diagram of the platform in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Please refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent microgrid rail transit platform, comprising: Photovoltaic power generation modules, consisting of photovoltaic panel assemblies and their mounting support structures, are laid on the top of the platform to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The power storage module uses energy storage batteries and battery management systems to store excess power when there is sufficient sunlight, and to power the station and ensure battery safety and performance when there is insufficient sunlight; The power management and distribution module uses intelligent controllers and power monitoring units to reasonably distribute power according to the power demand and priority of each system to achieve energy saving and operational safety; The power load module provides functional support and environmental protection for passenger travel and platform operations; The grid interaction module uses an inverter and a grid-connected controller to convert direct current into alternating current, allowing excess power at the station to be safely and stably fed back to the grid when necessary.

[0021] The grid interaction module includes: The inverter unit converts DC power into AC power and cuts off the circuit in time when the inverter device experiences abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overheating, etc. The grid-connected controller synchronizes the AC power output by the inverter with the voltage, frequency and phase of the grid to ensure the stability and reliability of the grid connection; The grid-connected controller also includes: a power control unit, which controls the power output and direction of the inverter device according to the needs of the power grid and the power generation of the station; Specifically, the inverter unit uses a full-bridge inverter circuit to convert direct current into alternating current. The control algorithm uses sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) technology to generate a pulse signal that drives the power switch tube in the inverter circuit by comparing a sinusoidal modulation wave and a high-frequency triangular carrier, so that the alternating current output by the inverter is a sine wave. When the inverter device encounters abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and overheating, the overcurrent protection circuit, overvoltage protection circuit, and overheating protection circuit are used to cut off the circuit in time to protect the safety of the equipment. The synchronization unit of the grid-connected controller uses a technology based on a software phase-locked loop (SPLL) to detect the voltage phase and frequency of the power grid in real time. By sampling and digitally processing the grid voltage, the phase and frequency information of the grid voltage are calculated, and then the output phase and frequency of the inverter device are adjusted to keep it synchronized with the grid.

[0022] Power control unit: According to the needs of the power grid and the power generation of the station, a droop control algorithm is used to control the power size and direction of the inverter output by adjusting the output voltage and frequency of the inverter. For example, for active power-frequency droop control, the control equation is: f=f0-m(P-P0);U=U0-n(Q-Q0), where f and U are the output frequency and voltage of the inverter, f0 and U0 are the rated frequency and rated voltage, m and n are the active power-frequency droop coefficient and reactive power-voltage droop coefficient, P and Q are the active power and reactive power output of the inverter, P0 and Q0 are the rated active power and rated reactive power.

[0023] The power storage module includes: The storage unit is responsible for storing and releasing electrical energy; Battery management unit, which monitors and controls the performance of the battery; The battery management unit includes: The monitoring unit monitors the parameters of the energy storage battery including voltage, current, temperature and power in real time, and promptly detects abnormal battery status; The control unit controls the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the data fed back by the monitoring unit to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, etc. The balancing unit is used to balance the power difference between each battery cell in the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery pack; The communication unit communicates data with other modules, transmits battery status information to the intelligent controller, and receives instructions from the intelligent controller; Specifically, the storage unit uses a lithium-ion battery pack as an energy storage device, which has high energy density, long cycle life and fast charge and discharge capabilities.

[0024] The battery management unit and monitoring unit use high-precision voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors to monitor the voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack in real time. Taking voltage monitoring as an example, a voltage divider resistor network is used to proportionally reduce the high voltage of the battery pack, and then the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and transmitted to the microcontroller for processing. The monitoring algorithm can use a sliding average filter algorithm to smooth the collected voltage data and reduce noise interference. For example, for the N voltage data V1, V2, and V3 collected continuously, the filtered voltage value V f for: Control unit: According to the data fed back by the monitoring unit, a control algorithm based on fuzzy logic is used to control the charging and discharging process of the battery. Taking overcharging and over-discharging as an example, the fuzzy set of battery voltage and current is defined, such as the fuzzy set of voltage is {low, medium, high}, and the fuzzy set of current is {small, medium, large}, and then fuzzy rules are formulated, such as "if the voltage is high and the current is large, then reduce the charging current". Through fuzzy reasoning and defuzzification processing, specific control instructions are obtained. The balancing unit adopts an active balancing circuit to transfer the energy of the battery cell with high power to the battery cell with low power through the switch matrix and DC-DC converter to achieve power balance between the cells in the battery pack. The communication unit adopts the CAN bus communication protocol to transmit the battery status information (including voltage, current, temperature, power) to the intelligent controller in real time and receive instructions from the intelligent controller.

[0025] The power management and distribution module includes: Intelligent controller: including: data processing unit, which receives the data collected by the power monitoring unit, analyzes and processes it, and formulates a reasonable power distribution plan; decision-making unit, which makes power distribution decisions based on the results of the data processing unit and determines the power supply priority and power supply amount of each power system; instruction output unit: sends the instructions generated by the decision-making unit to each power system to control its power input; The power monitoring unit collects the electrical parameters in the circuit in real time through sensors including current sensors, voltage sensors and power sensors, and transmits the processed power data to the intelligent controller; Specifically, the data processing unit receives the current, voltage and power data from the power monitoring unit. First, the median filter algorithm is used to remove the noise in the data, and then the linear regression algorithm is used to analyze and process the data to predict future power demand. For example, for a set of time series current data I1, I2, I3, ..., I n and the corresponding times t1, t2, t3, ..., t n , the current value at a certain moment in the future can be predicted by the linear regression equation I=at+b, where and are regression coefficients. The decision unit uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the power supply priority and power supply of each power system based on the results of the data processing unit and the preset priority rules. First, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed to compare the importance of each power system in pairs, and then the eigenvector and maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix are calculated for consistency test. Finally, the priority and power supply allocation plan of each power system are determined according to the eigenvector. The instruction output unit: converts the instruction generated by the decision unit into a digital signal, and sends it to the controller of each power system through the SPI communication protocol to realize the power input control of each power system; in the power monitoring unit, the current sensor: uses a Hall current sensor to convert the measured current into a voltage signal proportional to it. The voltage signal is amplified, filtered and offset compensated by the signal conditioning circuit, and then the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital current value by the ADC. The voltage sensor uses a resistor divider voltage sensor to reduce the measured high voltage to the measurable range of the ADC through the voltage divider resistor network. After signal conditioning and ADC conversion, a digital voltage value is obtained. The power sensor uses a digital power sensor to directly output the power value in digital form.

[0026] The electrical load modules include: electromechanical system, passenger system and environmental system; The electromechanical system includes: The control unit formulates and executes the power distribution strategy based on the real-time power generation, power consumption and energy storage conditions, stores the excess power during low power consumption, releases the stored power during peak power consumption, or feeds the power back to the grid when there is a surplus of power; Metering unit, used to accurately measure the power generation, power consumption, energy storage and power fed back to the grid of the intelligent transportation station; Specifically, in the electromechanical system, the control unit formulates an energy distribution plan based on a model predictive control (MPC) strategy according to the real-time power generation, power consumption and energy storage conditions. First, an energy consumption model of the electromechanical system is established to predict the energy consumption demand in the future. Then, with the goal of minimizing energy consumption, the energy distribution plan is optimized to decide whether to store excess energy during low power consumption, release the stored energy during peak power consumption, or feed back energy to the grid when there is a surplus. The metering unit uses a high-precision smart meter to measure the power generation, power consumption, energy storage and power fed back to the grid of the electromechanical system in real time. The metering algorithm is based on the definition of electric energy and obtains the electric energy value by integrating the current and voltage. For example, for discrete current I(k) and voltage V(k) sampling values, the electric energy E in the time period [t1, t2] is Passenger systems include: The ticketing module reads the passenger's physical ticket information to verify the ticket's validity and riding privileges, and verifies and compares the read ticket information to determine whether the ticket is valid; Information query module, through the form of touch screen and keyboard, for passengers to input query instructions and keywords, including route query, station query, fare query and transfer query; Specifically, the ticketing module uses a contactless IC card reader and a QR code scanner to read the passenger's ticket information. For IC cards, the reader communicates with the card through radio frequency signals to read the ticket data in the card; for QR code tickets, the scanner parses the ticket information in the QR code through an image recognition algorithm, and then uses an encryption algorithm to verify and compare the ticket data to determine the validity of the ticket and the right to ride. The information query module is equipped with a touch display and a physical keyboard. Passengers can enter query instructions and keywords through touch operations or keyboard. The system uses a database-based query algorithm to retrieve relevant information in the local database or in a remote database connected to the network, such as routes, stations, fares, transfers, etc., and display the query results on the screen in a clear and intuitive manner.

[0027] Environmental systems include: The lighting unit detects the parameters of the external natural light including intensity and wavelength in real time through the light sensor, converts the analog light signal detected by the light sensor into a digital signal through the A / D converter and generates corresponding instructions, and adjusts its own brightness, color and color temperature parameters according to the received control instructions to realize automatic adjustment of the lighting brightness in the platform; The temperature unit senses the temperature changes of the outside world and the inside of the platform in real time through the temperature sensor, and adjusts and controls the operating mode (cooling, heating, ventilation), operating power, wind speed, wind direction and other parameters of the air-conditioning system according to the instructions of the data processing and control module, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the temperature in the platform; Both the lighting module and the temperature module have built-in control algorithm units, which are equipped with control algorithms and strategies to adjust the brightness and temperature in the station according to the light intensity and temperature; Specifically, the illumination unit uses a photoresistor as an illumination sensor to detect the intensity and wavelength of natural light in real time. The resistance change of the photoresistor is converted into a voltage change through an operational amplifier, and then the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal by the ADC. The control algorithm unit uses the PID control algorithm to calculate the control signal of the lighting fixture according to the set brightness target value and the actual detected light intensity, and adjust the brightness, color and color temperature of the lighting fixture. For example, for brightness control, the output u(t) of the PID controller is: Where, e(t) is the deviation between the target brightness and the actual brightness, K p , K i and K d are proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient respectively; The temperature unit uses thermocouples or digital temperature sensors to sense the temperature changes in the outside world and inside the platform in real time. The analog or digital signal output by the sensor is processed and input into the control algorithm unit. The control algorithm unit uses the fuzzy PID control algorithm to dynamically adjust the parameters of the PID controller according to the deviation and change rate of the temperature set value and the actual measured value, output the control signal, control the operating mode, operating power, wind speed and wind direction of the air conditioning system and other parameters, and realize the automatic adjustment of the temperature in the platform.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent microgrid rail transit platform, characterized in that: include: Photovoltaic power generation modules, consisting of photovoltaic panel assemblies and their mounting support structures, are laid on the top of the platform to convert solar energy into electrical energy; The power storage module uses energy storage batteries and battery management systems to store excess power when there is sufficient sunlight, and to power the station and ensure battery safety and performance when there is insufficient sunlight; The power management and distribution module uses intelligent controllers and power monitoring units to reasonably distribute power according to the power demand and priority of each system to achieve energy saving and operational safety; The power load module provides functional support and environmental protection for passenger travel and platform operations; The grid interaction module uses an inverter and a grid-connected controller to convert direct current into alternating current, allowing excess power at the station to be safely and stably fed back to the grid when necessary.

2. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power storage module comprises: The storage unit is responsible for storing and releasing electrical energy; Battery management unit monitors and controls the performance of the battery.

3. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management and allocation module includes: Intelligent controller: including: data processing unit, which receives the data collected by the power monitoring unit, analyzes and processes it, and formulates a reasonable power distribution plan; decision-making unit, which makes power distribution decisions based on the results of the data processing unit and determines the power supply priority and power supply amount of each power system; instruction output unit: sends the instructions generated by the decision-making unit to each power system to control its power input; The power monitoring unit collects the electrical parameters in the circuit in real time through sensors including current sensors, voltage sensors and power sensors, and transmits the processed power data to the intelligent controller.

4. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical load module includes: an electromechanical system, a passenger system and an environmental system.

5. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power grid interaction module comprises: The inverter unit converts DC power into AC power and cuts off the circuit in time when the inverter device experiences abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overheating, etc. The grid-connected controller synchronizes the AC power output by the inverter with the voltage, frequency and phase of the power grid to ensure the stability and reliability of the grid connection.

6. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery management unit comprises: The monitoring unit monitors the parameters of the energy storage battery including voltage, current, temperature and power in real time, and promptly detects abnormal battery status; The control unit controls the charging and discharging process of the battery according to the data fed back by the monitoring unit to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, etc. The balancing unit is used to balance the power difference between each battery cell in the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery pack; The communication unit communicates data with other modules, transmits battery status information to the intelligent controller, and receives instructions from the intelligent controller.

7. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electromechanical system comprises: The control unit formulates and executes the power distribution strategy based on the real-time power generation, power consumption and energy storage conditions, stores the excess power during low power consumption, releases the stored power during peak power consumption, or feeds the power back to the grid when there is a surplus of power; The metering unit is used to accurately measure the power generation, power consumption, energy storage and power fed back to the power grid of the intelligent transportation station.

8. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The passenger system comprises: The ticketing module reads the passenger's physical ticket information to verify the ticket's validity and riding privileges, and verifies and compares the read ticket information to determine whether the ticket is valid; The information query module allows passengers to input query instructions and keywords, including route query, station query, fare query and transfer query, through forms including touch screen and keyboard.

9. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The environmental system includes: The lighting unit detects the parameters of the external natural light including intensity and wavelength in real time through the light sensor, converts the analog light signal detected by the light sensor into a digital signal through the A / D converter and generates corresponding instructions, and adjusts its own brightness, color and color temperature parameters according to the received control instructions to realize automatic adjustment of the lighting brightness in the platform; The temperature unit senses the temperature changes of the outside world and the inside of the platform in real time through the temperature sensor, and adjusts and controls the operating mode (cooling, heating, ventilation), operating power, wind speed, wind direction and other parameters of the air-conditioning system according to the instructions of the data processing and control module, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the temperature in the platform; The illumination module and the temperature module are both equipped with a control algorithm unit, which is provided with a control algorithm and strategy for adjusting the brightness and temperature in the platform according to the illumination intensity and temperature.

10. The intelligent microgrid rail transit station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grid-connected controller also includes: a power control unit, which controls the power output and direction of the inverter device according to the needs of the power grid and the power generation situation of the station.

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