Falling prevention method for disassembly and assembly personnel of mobile crane
By designing the suspension device to hang five-point safety belts, the problem of safety risks of high-altitude operations during disassembly and assembly of the mobile crane is solved, and an efficient and safe working environment is achieved, and it is suitable for a variety of high-altitude operation scenarios.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411795459.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
During the disassembly and assembly of mobile cranes, construction workers face significant fall safety risks when working at high altitudes. The existing five-point seat belts cannot be effectively protected, and the traditional scaffolding scheme is costly and inefficient, making it difficult to implement.
Design a suspension device to provide a stable suspension point by hanging five-point seat belts to ensure the principle of "high hanging low" use of the seat belt. The device adopts a split design and bolt-tight connection method, which is movable and portability.
It effectively reduces the risk of falling during high-altitude operations, improves the safety and efficiency of operations, reduces transportation and construction costs, and is suitable for disassembly and assembly of mobile cranes and other high-altitude operations scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN119386402A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of marine ship operation construction and installation, and in particular relates to a method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane. Background Art
[0002] As a heavy-duty mechanical equipment, mobile cranes play an indispensable role in various engineering projects. However, the disassembly and assembly, change of working conditions and other operations of mobile cranes involve a large number of high-altitude operations, which pose a significant safety risk of falling from heights. Because working in a high-altitude environment, such as disassembly of the boom, installation of the pull plate, winding of the wire rope and other operations, these difficult and risky technical tasks not only require professional technical knowledge, but also put forward extremely high requirements for the safety of construction operations. There are great safety hazards on site in preventing the crane disassembly and assembly personnel from falling during high-altitude operations. At present, during the disassembly and assembly, change of working conditions and other operations of mobile cranes at home and abroad, personnel are required to install pull plates on the boom, wind wire ropes, check the installation status and other operations. Personnel wear five-point safety belts for fall protection when working at heights, but in fact there is no fixed point for hanging the five-point safety belts above the boom. On-site construction workers hang the five-point safety belts parallel to or low on the boom and other places in an irregular manner. In the event of a fall from a height, the five-point safety belts are not used in the correct way of "hanging high and using low", resulting in a reduction in or even ineffective protection. If the safety gear cannot provide normal protection or the protection function fails, once the construction workers fall from a height, it will inevitably cause a safety accident.
[0003] During the disassembly and assembly and change of working conditions of mobile cranes, working at height is an important part. Due to the height of the boom and the strict requirements for horizontality during installation, construction workers need to work at a height exceeding the minimum distance standard for working at height on the boom. When working at height, construction workers need to command the hoisting and alignment of the boom, install pins and pull plates, drag and wind wire ropes, and check and review the installation. Since there are only main and auxiliary side pipes on the booms abroad, and soft ladders are laid on the booms of some domestic crane models, these arrangements cannot form a high-altitude safe working area that is wide enough, large enough, and without holes. Construction workers need to step on the cylindrical side pipes of the boom or narrow soft ladders with a large risk of falling. The characteristics of this high-altitude operation make the workers face a great risk of falling. Once a fall accident occurs, the consequences will be disastrous. In order to ensure the safety of working at height, the state and the industry have formulated a series of safety specifications and standards for working at height, such as GB / T3608-2008 Classification of High-altitude Operations. These specifications and standards clearly define the definition, classification, and safety requirements of height operations, and require that workers at heights must wear safety protection equipment that complies with the regulations and take necessary safety measures. In actual operations, even if construction workers wear five-point safety belts, the five-point safety belts cannot provide the expected protection because there are no fixed points for hanging the five-point safety belts on the construction of the boom. In addition, workers on the boom can only step on soft ladders and side pipes, which have a small bearing area and there are a large number of holes between the side pipes and between the side pipes and the soft ladders. Especially in severe weather conditions such as rainy, foggy, and frosty days, the risk of falling from heights is further increased because the surface of the cylindrical side pipe is greatly slippery.
[0004] In theory, scaffolding can be built, but in the on-site disassembly and assembly of mobile cranes, the boom that needs to be assembled may be hundreds of meters long. In addition, due to the occupation of the construction site, there is a strict time limit for the disassembly and assembly of mobile cranes. At the same time, due to the tight construction period, there is no spare time to build scaffolding that can be hundreds of meters long. After the mobile crane's boom is connected, it needs to be lifted and driven away. Before the boom is lifted, the scaffolding that may be hundreds of meters long must be dismantled. In summary, a series of problems such as the cost, labor, and efficiency of the entire construction make the traditional scaffolding plan difficult to implement. Therefore, in view of the safety problem of falling from height during the disassembly and assembly of mobile cranes and the change of working conditions, the problem is further summarized. The problems to be solved are mainly concentrated on the five-point safety belts worn by construction workers when working at high altitudes of the boom. There is no hanging point. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the need for construction workers to walk on the boom and the smoothness of the operation, taking into account the cost, efficiency, safety and feasibility. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane, and the technical solution adopted is: A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane. During the disassembly and assembly of the mobile crane, a five-point safety belt is suspended by a suspension device. The suspension device has two vertically arranged support rods, the top of the support rods is provided with a stud, the studs are provided with external threads, and the bottom of the support rods is provided with a circular through hole. The support rods can be inserted into the vertical sleeves on the legs, and the sleeves are provided with multiple circular through holes. When the through holes at the bottom of the support rods are aligned with the through holes on the sleeves, the support rods are connected, fixed and height-adjusted by inserting fixed pins and pins respectively. The legs are based on square steel pipes, the sleeves are welded at the center position above the base, and the reinforced supports on both sides of the sleeves are welded at the top of the sleeves and at both ends of the base respectively; two roller frames are arranged under each leg, the roller frames are welded under the base, and multiple rows of rollers are installed on the roller frames. Circular mounting holes are provided at both ends of the connecting rod, and the studs at the top of the support rods pass through the mounting holes and are fixed with nuts.
[0006] The specific assembly and operation method of the suspension device is: according to the position of the mobile crane main vehicle, combined with the length, width and installation direction of the main arm, complete the positioning work of the assembly position of the anti-fall safety belt suspension device, and focus on determining the positions of the two wheeled legs. First, determine the center line of the mobile crane main arm, and then the parallel lines at two meters on both sides of the center line of the main arm are the travel direction and trajectory of the suspension device, then draw a straight line perpendicular to the center line of the main arm at one-third of the distance from the root of the main arm, and finally, the intersection of the straight line perpendicular to the center line of the main arm and the parallel lines at two meters on both sides of the center line of the main arm is the positioning point of the suspension device leg; then use an auxiliary crane to place the two wheeled legs on both sides of the main arm to be installed on the mobile crane, and then the main arm of the mobile crane can be installed to complete the connection operation of the main arm and the main vehicle; according to the main arm of the mobile crane According to the position and direction of the arm, fine-tune the distance between the two legs according to the actual error and ensure that the line connecting the two legs is perpendicular to the direction of the main arm, lock the rollers under the two legs, and complete the final positioning of the legs; use an auxiliary crane to lift the two support rods and install them in the sleeves of the two legs respectively; according to the height requirements of high-altitude operations on site, align the two support rods and the circular through holes of the sleeves respectively, insert the fixing pin shaft and fasten the pin pin; use an auxiliary crane to lift the connecting rod, so that the mounting holes at both ends of the connecting rod pass through the studs above the two support rods, and cooperate with the nuts to connect the connecting rod to the support rod; during high-altitude operations on site, construction workers hang the five-point safety belt hook on the connecting rod to realize the "high hanging and low use" principle of the safety belt. When the construction workers need to move along the axial direction of the boom, open the rollers under the two legs, and the ground cooperation personnel push the device to move synchronously with the construction workers.
[0007] The above-mentioned method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane further has the base being rectangular, and a row of rollers being arranged along the length direction of the rectangle.
[0008] In the above-mentioned method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane, the bottom of the support rod is an isosceles trapezoid. A circular through hole is opened at the bottom of the support rod, and after the support rod is inserted into the sleeve and the inner and outer through holes are aligned, the fixing pin shaft and the pin pin can be used to achieve connection, fixing and height adjustment.
[0009] In the above-mentioned method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane, further, the pulley is a pulley with a locking device.
[0010] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are: 1. Mobility and portability The present invention adopts a split design and a bolt-fastened connection method, so that the device can be disassembled during transportation, thereby avoiding the problem of overrunning, and can be transported together with the mobile crane, greatly saving transportation costs. A row of pulleys arranged under the connecting rod allows the device to slide easily on the ground, which not only reduces the friction resistance with the ground, but also facilitates the movement and adjustment of the crane disassembly and assembly personnel, thereby improving work efficiency.
[0011] 2. Flexibility and adaptability Multiple five-point safety belt hooks can be hung on the support rod, and they can slide relatively freely to meet the needs of safety belt hanging in different positions. This design greatly improves the flexibility and applicability of the device and meets the needs of different working scenarios. The pulley design not only enhances the stability of the device, but also allows the entire device to move above the boom, so that crane disassembly and assembly personnel can easily move over a large range when performing operations such as boom disassembly, plate installation, and wire rope winding, further improving the flexibility and convenience of the operation.
[0012] 3. Safety performance The design of this device fully considers the safety needs of operators. By providing a stable and reliable suspension point, it ensures that operators can safely and stably hang the five-point safety belt, thereby reducing the risk of falling when working at height. The structure and material selection of the device have been carefully considered and optimized to ensure that the device has sufficient load-bearing capacity and stability, and can provide reliable safety protection in various working environments.
[0013] 4. Easy operation The operation of this device is simple and easy to understand, and does not require complicated operating steps or professional skills. Crane dismantling and assembly personnel can easily move and adjust the position of the device, and quickly hang the safety belt hook on the reliable high-altitude connecting rod, so as to quickly put it into work.
[0014] 5. Wide application prospects The present invention is not only suitable for the disassembly and assembly of mobile cranes, but can also be widely used in other occasions where high-altitude operations are required, such as building construction, bridge construction, etc. Its flexible and adaptable design makes the device have a wide range of application prospects and market demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suspension device; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the base; Among them, 1-base, 2-support rod, 3-nut, 4-connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0017] A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane. During the disassembly and assembly process of the mobile crane, a five-point safety belt is suspended by a suspension device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the suspension device has two vertical support rods, with studs on the top of the support rods, and external threads on the studs. The bottom of the support rods is fixed on the base, and multiple rollers are arranged under the base. Circular mounting holes are opened at both ends of the connecting rod, and the studs on the top of the support rods pass through the mounting holes and are fixed with nuts. Figure 2 As shown, the base is rectangular, and a row of rollers is arranged along the length direction of the rectangle.
[0018] The specific assembly and operation method of the suspension device is: according to the main station position of the mobile crane, combined with the length, width and installation direction of the main arm, complete the positioning work of the assembly position of the anti-fall safety belt suspension device, and focus on determining the position of the two wheel bases 1; use an auxiliary crane to place the two wheel bases 1 on both sides of the main arm to be installed on the mobile crane, and then install the main arm of the mobile crane to complete the connection between the main arm and the main vehicle; according to the position and direction of the main arm of the mobile crane, fine-tune the distance between the two bases according to the actual error and ensure that the connection line of the two bases is perpendicular to the direction of the main arm, and lock the two bases. The pulley under the seat completes the final positioning of the base; use an auxiliary crane to lift the two support rods and install them on the two bases respectively; use an auxiliary crane to lift the connecting rod, so that the mounting holes at both ends of the connecting rod pass through the studs above the two support rods 2, and cooperate with the nuts to connect the connecting rod to the support rod; during high-altitude operations on site, construction workers hang the five-point safety belt hook on the connecting rod to implement the "high hanging and low use" principle of the safety belt. When the construction workers need to move along the axial direction of the boom, open the pulleys under the two bases, and the ground cooperation personnel push the device to move synchronously with the construction workers.
Claims
1. A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane, characterized in that: During the disassembly and assembly of the mobile crane, a five-point safety belt is suspended by a suspension device. The suspension device has two vertically arranged support rods, the top of the support rods is provided with a stud, the studs are provided with external threads, and the bottom of the support rods is provided with a circular through hole. The support rods can be inserted into the vertical sleeves on the legs, and the sleeves are provided with multiple circular through holes. When the through holes at the bottom of the support rods are aligned with the through holes on the sleeves, the support rods and the legs are connected, fixed and adjusted in height by inserting fixed pins and pins respectively; the legs are based on square steel pipes, the sleeves are welded at the center position above the base, and the reinforced supports on both sides of the sleeves are welded at the top of the sleeves and at both ends of the base respectively; two roller frames are arranged under each leg, the roller frames are welded under the base, and multiple rows of rollers are installed on the roller frames; circular mounting holes are provided at both ends of the connecting rods, and the studs at the top of the support rods pass through the mounting holes and are fixed in conjunction with nuts; The specific assembly and operation method of the suspension device is: according to the position of the mobile crane main vehicle, combined with the length, width and installation direction of the main arm, complete the positioning work of the assembly position of the anti-fall safety belt suspension device, and focus on determining the positions of the two wheeled legs. First, determine the center line of the mobile crane main arm, and then the parallel lines at two meters on both sides of the center line of the main arm are the travel direction and trajectory of the suspension device, then draw a straight line perpendicular to the center line of the main arm at one-third of the distance from the root of the main arm, and finally, the intersection of the straight line perpendicular to the center line of the main arm and the parallel lines at two meters on both sides of the center line of the main arm is the positioning point of the suspension device leg; then use an auxiliary crane to place the two wheeled legs on both sides of the main arm to be installed on the mobile crane, and then the main arm of the mobile crane can be installed to complete the connection operation of the main arm and the main vehicle; according to the main arm of the mobile crane According to the position and direction of the arm, fine-tune the distance between the two legs according to the actual error and ensure that the line connecting the two legs is perpendicular to the direction of the main arm, lock the rollers under the two legs, and complete the final positioning of the legs; use an auxiliary crane to lift the two support rods and install them in the sleeves of the two legs respectively; according to the height requirements of high-altitude operations on site, align the two support rods with the circular through holes of the sleeves, insert the fixing pin shaft and fasten the pin pin; use an auxiliary crane to lift the connecting rod, so that the mounting holes at both ends of the connecting rod pass through the studs above the two support rods, and cooperate with the nuts to connect the connecting rod to the support rod; during high-altitude operations on site, construction workers hang the five-point safety belt hook on the connecting rod to realize the "high hanging and low use" principle of the safety belt. When the construction workers need to move along the axial direction of the boom, open the rollers under the two legs, and the ground cooperation personnel push the device to move synchronously with the construction workers.
2. A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is rectangular, and a row of rollers is arranged along the length direction of the rectangle.
3. A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the support rod is an isosceles trapezoid.
4. A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulley is a pulley with a locking device.
5. A method for preventing personnel from falling when disassembling and assembling a mobile crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two rollers are arranged under the base.