Special-shaped workpiece positioning device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection, and provides a special-shaped workpiece positioning device which comprises a rack, a shaft part is rotationally arranged relative to the rack, a transverse moving frame is arranged relative to the rack in a sliding mode, two abutting pieces are arranged on the transverse moving frame, and after the transverse moving frame moves, the abutting pieces abut against or cancel abutting against the plane part of the shaft part. The two abutting pieces abut against the two adjacent plane parts of the shaft part correspondingly, and a receding groove is formed between the two abutting pieces and used for containing one arc-shaped part. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, the positioning precision of the special-shaped workpiece is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to a special-shaped workpiece positioning device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing and inspection, special-shaped shaft parts bring many challenges to positioning and inspection due to their special structural shapes. Special-shaped shaft parts often have the characteristics of alternating arc parts and flat parts. Traditional positioning devices are difficult to effectively adapt to the complex and irregular shapes of such parts, and it is difficult to achieve accurate and stable positioning.

[0003] In the past, the positioning of such special-shaped shaft parts mostly relied on high-precision scanning technology combined with motor-driven part rotation to achieve the positioning purpose. First, use high-precision scanning equipment to carefully scan the shape of the part to obtain detailed geometric data, and then set the various complex parameters of the motor based on the data, and then use the motor to drive the part to rotate to the specified position to achieve positioning. The entire process is cumbersome. On the one hand, high-precision scanning equipment is expensive and has high maintenance costs. The scanning process takes a long time, which greatly affects work efficiency. On the other hand, the motor parameter setting is complicated, requiring operators to have professional knowledge and rich experience. The operating threshold is high, and mistakes are easy to make if you are not careful, resulting in positioning errors and delays in production progress. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a special-shaped workpiece positioning device, which solves the problem of low positioning accuracy of special-shaped workpieces in the related art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A special-shaped workpiece positioning device is used for positioning and detecting special-shaped shaft parts, wherein the shaft parts have an arc portion and a flat portion, and the arc portion and the flat portion are both arranged alternately in a plurality of ways, comprising: The frame, the shaft parts are rotatably arranged relative to the frame, A transverse frame, wherein the transverse frame is slidably arranged relative to the frame, Abutment member, wherein the abutment member is arranged on the transverse moving frame, and after the transverse moving frame moves, the abutment member abuts against or cancels the abutment with the planar portion, and there are two abutment members, and the two abutment members abut against two adjacent planar portions respectively, and a clearance groove is formed between the two abutment members, and the clearance groove is used to accommodate one of the arc-shaped portions.

[0006] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A clamping member, which is rotatably arranged on the frame and is used to clamp the shaft parts. A tightening member, wherein the tightening member is slidably arranged on the frame, and after sliding, the tightening member tightens or cancels tightening the shaft part. A slide rail, wherein the slide rail is arranged on the frame, and the transverse frame is slidably arranged on the slide rail. a first linear driving member, the first linear driving member being arranged on the frame and used for driving the transverse frame to slide, A second linear driving member is disposed on the frame and is used to drive the tightening member to tighten or cancel the tightening of the shaft-like parts.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the abutment member has an abutment surface and an arc-shaped protective surface, the abutment surface and the arc-shaped protective surface have a smooth transition, the abutment surface is used to abut against the planar portion, and the arc-shaped protective surface is used to guide the shaft parts to rotate to a positioning position and prevent the abutment member from damaging the shaft parts.

[0008] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A slag blocking plate is arranged on the transverse frame, an installation space is formed between the frame and the slag blocking plate, and the first linear drive member and the slide rail are both arranged in the installation space.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the abutment member is slidably arranged on the transverse frame, and after the abutment member slides, the clearance groove is expanded or reduced.

[0010] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A mounting frame, the mounting frame is arranged on the transverse frame and is located on one side of the abutment member, the mounting frame has a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion, There are two detection members, and the two detection members are respectively slidably and rotatably arranged on the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion. The detection members are configured so that after the transverse moving frame moves, the two detection members are respectively in contact with the two adjacent planar portions. A V-shaped space is formed between the first mounting parts, and the V-shaped space is used to accommodate the shaft parts.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the mounting frame has a slide groove, and the detection member includes: A sealing member, the sealing member is rotatably and slidably arranged in the slide groove, the sealing member has an installation cavity, the installation cavity has a through hole, and the through hole faces the plane portion, A positioning member, the positioning member is arranged on the sealing member and passes through the slide groove, the positioning member has a clamping groove, and the clamping groove is arranged in a plurality of circles, A locking member, wherein the locking member is slidably disposed on the mounting frame, the locking member has a clamping portion, and the clamping slot is used to accommodate the clamping portion. One end of the locking member has a fixing portion, and the clamping portion is an elastic clamping portion. After the locking member slides, the fixing portion is clamped into the clamping slot.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the detection element further includes: A detection tube, the detection tube is arranged in the installation cavity and located on one side of the through hole, and the detection tube has an air outlet, A blocking member is slidably disposed in the detection tube, and blocks or cancels blocking of the air outlet after sliding. An elastic member, one end of which acts on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the other end of which acts on the blocking member to provide the blocking member with a force to block the air outlet.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the sealing member has a closed portion, an arc-shaped abutting portion, an annular groove and an air guide groove, the arc-shaped abutting portion and the closed portion are respectively located at two ends of the sealing member, the elastic member acts on the closed portion, the annular groove is located in the middle of the sealing member, the air guide groove is connected with the annular groove, and the air guide groove passes through the arc-shaped abutting portion and leads to the air outlet.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the detection element further includes: an air pipe, the air pipe leading to the installation cavity and used for introducing pressurized gas into the installation cavity, a flow rate sensor, the flow rate sensor being arranged on the trachea and being used for detecting the flow rate of the gas in the trachea, An alarm is arranged on the mounting frame, and is used for giving an alarm when the gas flow rate in the trachea is relatively high.

[0015] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, the shaft parts have a special-shaped structure with alternating arc parts and flat parts, and the abutment and clearance groove of the device are specially designed for it. The two abutment parts closely abut the adjacent flat parts respectively, stably support from both sides, and effectively limit the axial rotation of the parts; the clearance groove fits the contour of the arc part, ensuring that the arc part will not affect the positioning accuracy, ensuring that the subsequent grinding allowance is uniform and accurate, improving the grinding quality, reducing the scrap rate, and meeting the requirements of high-precision machining. For special-shaped shaft parts with arc parts and flat parts that are alternately arranged, the design of the positioning detection device can well adapt to their special shapes and achieve precise positioning. The abutment is arranged on the transverse frame, and the two abutment parts can abut against the two adjacent flat parts respectively, and the clearance groove formed can accurately accommodate one arc part. This structure enables the device to accurately abut the abutment and the flat part according to its unique shape characteristics of alternating arcs and planes when positioning special-shaped shaft parts, and firmly fix the parts in a suitable position through the movement of the transverse frame. Moreover, since the two abutting parts are respectively abutted against the adjacent plane parts, this multi-point abutment method further enhances the stability of positioning. Even in the case of slight vibration or external force interference that may occur during processing or testing, special-shaped shaft parts can be kept in the accurate positioning position by the stable abutment between the abutting parts and the plane parts, without obvious displacement or shaking, ensuring the smooth progress of the entire processing or testing process and improving the reliability of the device.

[0016] The traverse frame is set to slide relative to the frame. This feature enables the abutment to quickly locate the shaft parts, and after positioning, it moves out of the positioning position to facilitate the grinding tool to process the shaft parts. The existing technology relies on high-precision scanning and then driving the parts to rotate by a motor to locate them. The process is cumbersome and time-consuming. However, this device uses the abutment of the mechanical structure to achieve positioning. When the shaft parts are placed in place, the two abutments are quickly abutted against the adjacent plane parts through the sliding of the traverse frame, and the clearance groove accurately accommodates the arc part, instantly locking the position of the parts. By abandoning the complex high-precision scanning link, the operator does not need to wait for the scanning data processing, complex motor parameter setting and other processes, but only needs to be familiar with the operation of the traverse frame and the abutment. The essentials of the operation can be mastered in a short time, and the hands-on is fast, which reduces the operation threshold and the probability of error, reduces the time waste caused by unskilled operation, and ensures the smoothness and efficiency of the production process. Shaft parts have a special-shaped structure with alternating arc parts and flat parts. The abutment and clearance groove of this device are specially designed for them. The two abutment parts tightly abut the adjacent plane parts, providing stable support from both sides and effectively limiting the axial rotation of the parts; the clearance groove fits the contour of the arc part to ensure that the arc part will not affect the positioning accuracy, ensure that the subsequent grinding allowance is uniform and accurate, improve the grinding quality, reduce the scrap rate, and meet the needs of high-precision machining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 2 The structural diagram of A in the figure; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection element in the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure; In the figure: shaft parts-1, arc-shaped part-101, plane part-102, frame-2, transverse frame-3, abutment part-4, clearance groove-401, abutment surface-402, arc protection surface-403, clamping part-5, top part-6, slide rail-7, first linear drive part-8, second linear drive part-9, slag stopper-10, installation space-1001, installation frame-11, first installation part-1101, second installation part-1102, detection part-12, V-shaped space-1103, slide Groove -1104, sealing member -1201, mounting cavity -1202, through hole -1203, positioning member -1204, slot -1205, locking member -1206, fixing portion -1207, detection tube -1208, blocking member -1209, elastic member -1210, closing portion -1211, arc-shaped abutting portion -1212, annular groove -1213, air guide groove -1214, air outlet -1218, air pipe -1215, flow rate sensor -1216, alarm -1217. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0021] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 6 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, proposes a special-shaped workpiece positioning device for positioning and detecting special-shaped shaft parts 1, the shaft parts 1 have an arc portion 101 and a flat portion 102, the arc portion 101 and the flat portion 102 are both alternately arranged, including a frame 2, the shaft parts 1 are rotatably arranged relative to the frame 2, the transverse frame 3 is slidably arranged relative to the frame 2, the abutment 4 is arranged on the transverse frame 3, after the transverse frame 3 moves, the abutment 4 abuts against or cancels the abutment with the flat portion 102, there are two abutment members 4, the two abutment members 4 respectively abut against two adjacent flat portions 102, and a clearance groove 401 is formed between the two abutment members 4, and the clearance groove 401 is used to accommodate one arc portion 101.

[0024] In this embodiment, for the special-shaped shaft parts 1 having arc-shaped parts 101 and flat parts 102 that are alternately arranged, the design of the positioning detection device can adapt well to its special shape and achieve precise positioning. The abutment 4 is arranged on the transverse frame 3, and the two abutment members 4 can respectively abut against the two adjacent flat parts 102, and the formed clearance groove 401 can accurately accommodate one arc-shaped part 101. This structure enables the device to accurately abut the abutment member 4 against the flat part 102 when positioning the special-shaped shaft parts 1, based on its unique shape characteristics of alternating arcs and planes, through the movement of the transverse frame 3, so as to firmly fix the parts in the appropriate position. Moreover, since the two abutment members 4 abut against the adjacent flat parts 102 respectively, this multi-point abutment method further enhances the stability of positioning. Even in the event of slight vibrations, external force interference, etc. that may occur during the processing or testing process, the special-shaped shaft part 1 can be maintained in an accurate positioning position by virtue of the firm contact between the abutment 4 and the flat portion 102, without obvious displacement or shaking, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the entire processing or testing process and improving the reliability of the device.

[0025] The transverse frame 3 is set to slide relative to the frame 2. This feature enables the abutment 4 to quickly realize the positioning of the shaft parts 1, and move out of the positioning position after positioning, so that the grinding tool can process the shaft parts 1. The existing technology relies on high-precision scanning and then driving the parts to rotate by a motor to locate, which is a cumbersome and time-consuming process. However, this device uses the abutment 4 of the mechanical structure to achieve positioning. When the shaft parts 1 are placed in place, the two abutments 4 are quickly abutted against the adjacent plane parts 102 through the sliding of the transverse frame 3, so that the positioning groove 401 accurately accommodates the arc part 101, and the part position is instantly locked. By abandoning the complex high-precision scanning link, the operator does not need to wait for the scanning data processing, the complex motor parameter setting and other processes, and only needs to be familiar with the operation of the transverse frame 3 and the abutment 4. The essentials of operation can be mastered in a short time, and it is easy to get started, which reduces the operation threshold and the probability of error, reduces the time waste caused by unskilled operation, and ensures the fluency and efficiency of the production process.

[0026] The shaft part 1 has a special-shaped structure with alternating arc-shaped parts 101 and flat parts 102. The abutment parts 3 and the clearance grooves 401 of the device are specially designed for it. The two abutment parts 3 are respectively tightly abutted against the adjacent flat parts 102, providing stable support from both sides and effectively limiting the axial rotation of the parts; the clearance grooves 401 fit the contour of the arc-shaped parts 101, ensuring that the arc-shaped parts 101 will not affect the positioning accuracy, ensuring that the subsequent grinding allowance is uniform and accurate, improving the grinding quality, reducing the scrap rate, and meeting the needs of high-precision machining.

[0027] Furthermore, it also includes a clamping member 5, which is rotatably set on the frame 2 and is used to clamp the shaft parts 1. The clamping member 6 is slidably set on the frame 2. After the clamping member 6 slides, it tightens or cancels the tightening of the shaft parts 1. The slide rail 7 is set on the frame 2, and the transverse frame 3 is slidably set on the slide rail 7. The first linear drive member 8 is set on the frame 2 and is used to drive the transverse frame 3 to slide. The second linear drive member 9 is set on the frame 2 and is used to drive the clamping member 6 to tighten or cancel the tightening of the shaft parts 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the clamping member 5 is rotatably arranged on the frame 2 to clamp the shaft part 1, and imposes constraints in the circumferential direction, and cooperates with the clamping member 6 to tighten or loosen the shaft part 1 by sliding, and the abutment member 4 is precisely abutted against the plane part 102, so as to construct a full-dimensional, three-dimensional positioning system. In the high-precision grinding processing scenario, the shaft part 1 is evenly distributed and coordinatedly controlled by forces in multiple directions, avoiding deviation or shaking caused by insufficient positioning in a single direction.

[0029] When positioning shaft parts 1 of different specifications, the second linear drive 9 drives the clamping member 6 to accurately adjust the clamping force and position, and the clamping member 5 rotates as needed to adjust the clamping degree, easily adapting to changes. For example, when processing small-diameter short shafts, the clamping and clamping forces are appropriately weakened to prevent deformation of the parts; when processing large-diameter long shafts, the force is increased to ensure stability. For enterprises that mass-produce shaft parts of multiple models, there is no need to frequently change tooling. When switching part types, simply adjust the settings of the two to improve production line efficiency.

[0030] The first linear drive member 8 drives the transverse frame 3 to slide on the slide rail 7, so that the abutment member 4 quickly and smoothly approaches and abuts the plane portion 102, getting rid of the limitations of slow manual operation and large errors; the second linear drive member 9 controls the action of the tightening member 6 with the same high efficiency and accuracy.

[0031] The traverse frame 3 slides on the slide rail 7. The high-precision and low-friction design of the slide rail 7 ensures that the movement trajectory of the traverse frame 3 is straight and smooth without jamming or offset. During repeated positioning operations, the abutment accuracy between the abutment member 4 and the plane portion 102 is maintained constant. Although the overall device has multiple functions, the mechanical structure layout is compact and the logic is clear. The core action system is built based on the frame 2. Each component such as the clamping member 5, the top member 6, the traverse frame 3, etc. is independent and related, and is easy to disassemble and troubleshoot during maintenance.

[0032] On the one hand, the purchase of equipment does not require expensive and complex electronic scanning and precision sensing devices. It relies on a relatively economical and practical combination of mechanical structure and linear drive parts to ensure accuracy, and it is not easy to damage, so the investment cost is low. On the other hand, the low maintenance frequency and simple repair operations make the subsequent operation and maintenance costs controllable. In long-term operation, the comprehensive cost of processing the same type of products can be reduced compared to competing products that rely on high-precision scanning and positioning. Enterprises have more advantages in price competition and market share expansion, which is especially beneficial for small and medium-sized processing enterprises to reduce costs, increase efficiency and achieve steady development.

[0033] Furthermore, the abutment member 4 has an abutment surface 402 and an arc-shaped protective surface 403, and the abutment surface 402 and the arc-shaped protective surface 403 have a smooth transition. The abutment surface 402 is used to abut against the planar portion 102, and the arc-shaped protective surface 403 is used to guide the shaft part 1 to rotate to the positioning position and prevent the abutment member 4 from damaging the shaft part 1.

[0034] In this embodiment, the abutment surface 402 of the abutment member 4 is specifically used to abut against the plane portion 102 of the shaft-type part 1. Its design can achieve a close fit with the plane portion 102. During the positioning process, the abutment member 4 is driven by the movement of the transverse frame 3, so that the abutment surface 402 accurately contacts the plane portion 102, thereby accurately positioning the shaft-type part 1 at the desired position. For example, when performing high-precision grinding on the shaft-type part 1, the positioning error of the part is required to be controlled within a very small range. The precise abutment of the abutment surface 402 with the plane portion 102 can effectively meet this precision requirement, ensuring that the subsequent grinding operation can be performed at an accurate position, thereby improving the processing accuracy and product quality.

[0035] The arc-shaped protective surface 403 plays an important role in the process of the shaft part 1 rotating to the positioning position. When the shaft part 1 starts to rotate, the arc-shaped protective surface 403 first contacts the shaft part 1, and its smooth curved surface can play a good guiding role, so that the part can smoothly rotate to the final positioning position. At the same time, the arc-shaped protective surface 403 can also effectively prevent the abutment 4 from causing damage to the shaft part 1. In the long-term production process, if there is no such protection design, the abutment 4 may scratch the surface of the shaft part 1 due to collision or friction during the rotation of the part, affecting the quality and appearance of the part. The existence of the arc-shaped protective surface 403 avoids this situation from happening, ensures the integrity of the shaft part 1, reduces the scrap rate, and improves the qualified rate of the product.

[0036] The design of the smooth transition between the abutment surface 402 and the arc-shaped protective surface 403 enables the shaft-type parts 1 to achieve a seamless operating experience during the rotation and positioning process. When the shaft-type parts 1 gradually approach the positioning position during the rotation process, the transition from contact with the arc-shaped protective surface 403 to abutment with the abutment surface 402 is very smooth, without obvious jamming or obstruction. This not only improves the speed of the positioning operation and reduces the time required for positioning, but also makes the operator more relaxed and convenient during the operation, without having to worry about problems such as inaccurate part positioning due to an unsmooth transition, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0037] The arc-shaped protective surface 403 can reduce friction and collision with the shaft parts 1 due to its smooth curved surface design during contact with the shaft parts 1. During long-term use, the wear between the abutment 4 of the device and the shaft parts 1 is significantly less than that of abutments without such a protective design. At the same time, the abutment between the abutment surface 402 and the flat portion 102 is also relatively stable, and will not cause problems such as wear or deformation of the abutment 4 itself due to excessive friction or collision. By reducing the wear between components, the service life of the abutment 4 and the entire device is extended, the frequency of replacement or repair due to component wear is reduced, and the equipment maintenance cost is saved for the enterprise.

[0038] Furthermore, it also includes a slag blocking plate 10, which is arranged on the transverse frame 3 and is movable relative to the frame 2. An installation space 1001 is formed between the frame 2 and the slag blocking plate 10, and the first linear drive member 8 and the slide rail 7 are both arranged in the installation space 1001.

[0039] In this embodiment, during the processing of the shaft parts 1, operations such as grinding will generate a large amount of impurities such as waste slag and debris. The slag retaining plate 10 is arranged on the transverse frame 3 and is movable relative to the frame 2. It can effectively block the waste slag and debris generated during these processing processes and prevent them from entering the installation space 1001, thereby playing a good protective role for important internal components such as the first linear drive 8 and the slide rail 7. During long-term grinding processing, if there is no protection of the slag retaining plate 10, the waste slag and debris may enter the transmission part of the first linear drive 8, resulting in problems such as poor transmission and increased wear of components. The existence of the slag retaining plate 10 greatly reduces this risk and ensures the normal operation of internal components.

[0040] At the same time, the slag plate 10 can also reduce the impact of external dust, debris, etc. on the internal components of the installation space 1001. In production environments such as workshops, there is often a lot of dust in the air. If this dust enters the internal components, it may accumulate on the surface of the slide rail 7, increase the friction coefficient, and affect the smoothness of the sliding of the transverse frame 3, or adhere to the electrical components or mechanical transmission components of the first linear drive 8, causing malfunctions. The slag plate 10 can isolate external dust to a certain extent, maintain a relatively clean working environment in the installation space 1001, and improve the reliability and service life of the internal components.

[0041] Furthermore, the abutting member 4 is slidably disposed on the transverse frame 3 , and after the abutting member 4 slides, the displacement groove 401 is expanded or reduced.

[0042] In this embodiment, for shaft parts 1 with arc parts 101 and flat parts 102 of different sizes, the abutment 4 is slidably arranged on the transverse frame 3 and can expand or reduce the clearance groove 401, which greatly enhances the adaptability of the device to special-shaped workpieces. When encountering a shaft part 1 with a larger arc part 101, the clearance groove 401 is correspondingly expanded by sliding the abutment 4, so that the arc part 101 can be accurately accommodated, ensuring that the abutment surface 402 of the abutment 4 can still achieve a tight and stable abutment with the flat part 102, thereby accurately positioning the shaft part 1 on the device. Similarly, when dealing with a shaft part 1 with a smaller arc part 101, the sliding abutment 4 reduces the clearance groove 401, making the abutment between the abutment 4 and the flat part 102 more compact, further improving the stability of positioning. This method of flexibly adjusting the clearance groove 401 according to the actual size of the part makes it unnecessary for the device to frequently change tooling for shaft parts 1 of different specifications, effectively improving production efficiency and reducing production costs. At the same time, it ensures the precise positioning of various sized and shaped workpieces and meets diverse production needs.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes a mounting frame 11, which is arranged on the transverse frame 3 and is located on one side of the abutment member 4. The mounting frame 11 has a first mounting portion 1101 and a second mounting portion 1102. There are two detection members 12, and the two detection members 12 are respectively slidably and rotatably arranged on the first mounting portion 1101 and the second mounting portion 1102. The detection members 12 are configured so that after the transverse frame 3 moves, the two detection members 12 respectively abut against two adjacent planar portions 102, and a V-shaped space 1103 is formed between the first mounting portion 1101 and the second mounting portion 1101, and the V-shaped space 1103 is used to accommodate the shaft parts 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, the abutment member 4 abuts against the plane portion 102 to achieve preliminary positioning after the transverse frame 3 moves, and the two newly added detection members 12 are respectively slidably and rotatably arranged on the first mounting portion 1101 and the second mounting portion 1102 of the mounting frame 11. When the transverse frame 3 moves into place, they also abut against the two adjacent plane portions 102 respectively. This multi-directional abutment method positions the shaft parts 1 from different angles, forming a more stable positioning system. At the same time, the sliding and rotating setting characteristics of the detection member 12 enable it to better adapt to shaft parts 1 of different shapes and sizes. For some plane portions 102 with special shapes or size deviations, the detection member 12 can adjust its own position by sliding and rotating to achieve close abutment with the plane portion 102, further enhancing the adaptability of the device to special-shaped workpieces and ensuring the accuracy and stability of positioning.

[0045] The detection part 12 is not only used for positioning, but also has a detection function. The detection part 12 is an airtight detection part. When it abuts against the plane part 102, it can monitor in real time whether the shaft parts 1 are in place, and can perform surface quality testing on the shaft parts 1. During the machining process, it is crucial to determine whether the shaft parts 1 meet the quality requirements. When producing high-precision shaft parts 1 for use in the aerospace field, the flatness requirements for the parts are extremely high, and the error must be controlled within a very small range. The detection part 12 can measure and feedback the flatness information of the plane part 102. Once it is found that the deviation exceeds the allowable range, the processing technology can be adjusted in time or the parts can be repaired, thereby ensuring that the quality of the shaft parts 1 produced fully meets the high standards, reducing the scrap rate and improving the product qualification rate.

[0046] The mounting frame 11 is arranged on the transverse frame 3 and is located on one side of the abutment 4. This layout makes full use of the space around the transverse frame 3, making the overall structure of the device more compact. In a limited space, the compact device layout is conducive to saving space and is convenient for the installation, placement and operation of the equipment. Moreover, the mounting frame 11 has a first mounting portion 1101 and a second mounting portion 1102. By reasonably allocating the arrangement of the detection member 12 on these two mounting portions, the space utilization is further optimized. The two detection members 12 slide and rotate on different mounting portions respectively, and will not interfere with each other, and can achieve effective positioning and detection of the shaft parts 1 in a limited space, so that the device maximizes the space utilization while ensuring the functional integrity.

[0047] The V-shaped space 1103 formed between the first mounting portion 1101 and the second mounting portion 1102 is used to accommodate shaft parts 1. The design of the V-shaped space 1103 can well adapt to shaft parts 1 of different diameters and lengths. For shaft parts 1 with smaller diameters, the V-shaped space 1103 can provide sufficient accommodation space so that they can be stably placed therein; for shaft parts 1 with larger diameters, the opening shape and size of the V-shaped space 1103 can also be adapted by appropriate adjustment of the mounting frame 11, such as changing the distance between the mounting portions, to ensure that the shaft parts 1 can enter smoothly and be accurately detected and positioned. For example, in the production of automotive parts, it is necessary to process shaft parts 1 of different specifications, including small-diameter transmission shafts and large-diameter crankshafts. The device can easily cope with these parts of different specifications by virtue of the adaptability of the V-shaped space 1103, broadening the application range of the device so that it can meet the needs of different industries for the processing of shaft parts 1.

[0048] Furthermore, the mounting frame 11 has a slide groove 1104, and the detection member 12 includes a sealing member 1201, which is rotatably and slidably arranged in the slide groove 1104. The sealing member 1201 has an installation cavity 1202, and the installation cavity 1202 has a through hole 1203, and the through hole 1203 faces the plane portion 102. The positioning member 1204 is arranged on the sealing member 1201 and passes through the slide groove 1104. The positioning member 1204 has a card slot 1205, and the card slot 1205 is arranged in a plurality of circles. The locking member 1206 is slidably arranged on the mounting frame 11, and the locking member 1206 has a card portion, and the card slot 1205 is used to accommodate the card portion. One end of the locking member 1206 has a fixing portion 1207, and the card portion is an elastic card portion. After the locking member 1206 slides, the fixing portion 1207 is inserted into the card slot 1205.

[0049] In this embodiment, the seal 1201 is rotatably and slidably arranged in the slide groove 1104, and the through hole 1203 of the installation cavity 1202 faces the plane part 102. This design enables a relatively sealed environment to be formed during the detection process, reducing the interference of external factors on the detection. The positioning member 1204 is arranged on the seal 1201 and passes through the slide groove 1104. When it abuts against the plane part 102, it can accurately determine the position of the shaft part 1, providing an accurate reference for subsequent detection. The slots 1205 of the positioning member 1204 are arranged in several circles. This design increases the flexibility and accuracy of positioning. Different positions of the slots 1205 can correspond to different positioning requirements. When it is necessary to fine-tune the positioning of the shaft part 1, the positioning member 1204 can be more accurately abutted against the plane part 102 by selecting a suitable slot 1205, further improving the positioning accuracy, and laying a solid foundation for subsequent processing or detection operations.

[0050] The locking member 1206 cooperates with the slot 1205 of the positioning member 1204 through its elastic clamping part, and after sliding, the fixing part 1207 can be clamped into the slot 1205, thereby achieving a stable locking of the positioning member 1204. During the machining process, the shaft parts 1 may be subjected to external forces such as cutting force and vibration, and the locking effect of the locking member 1206 can ensure that the positioning member 1204 always remains in the accurate positioning position and will not be displaced due to external force interference. For example, when grinding the shaft parts 1, the vibration generated by grinding is relatively large, but because the locking member 1206 firmly locks the positioning member 1204, the positioning state of the shaft parts 1 can be maintained, ensuring the machining accuracy, reducing the scrap rate, and improving the qualified rate of the product.

[0051] The rotation and sliding setting of the seal 1201 and the adjustability of the positioning member 1204 enable the device to easily adapt to shaft parts 1 of different specifications and shapes. When encountering plane parts 102 of different sizes, the relative position between the seal 1201 and the plane part 1202 can be changed by rotating and sliding the seal 1201. At the same time, combined with the selection of the positioning member 1204 in different slots 1205, the shaft parts 1 can be quickly and accurately positioned. For example, in the production of automotive parts, it is necessary to process multiple types of shaft parts 1, and the sizes and shapes of their plane parts 102 are different. With the flexible operation of the seal 1201 and the positioning member 1204, the device can complete the positioning preparation work of different parts in a short time, improve production efficiency, and meet diversified production needs.

[0052] In addition, when performing local inspection or processing on shaft parts 1, precise positioning and inspection of specific parts can be achieved by adjusting the positions of the seal 1201 and the positioning member 1204, further expanding the application scope of the device and enabling it to better adapt to different processing technology requirements.

[0053] The operation of the locking member 1206 is relatively simple and convenient. When the positioning member 1204 needs to be locked, the locking member 1206 only needs to be slid so that the fixing portion 1207 of the elastic clamping portion is clamped into the clamping slot 1205 to complete the locking; when unlocking is required, appropriate external force is applied to make the fixing portion 1207 come out of the clamping slot 1205. This simple locking and unlocking operation does not require the operator to have high professional skills, thereby reducing the training cost of the operator.

[0054] Furthermore, the detection member 12 also includes a detection tube 1208, which is arranged in the installation cavity 1202 and located on one side of the through hole 1203. The detection tube 1208 has an air outlet 1218. The blocking member 1209 is slidably arranged in the detection tube 1208, and blocks or cancels blocking the air outlet 1218 after sliding. One end of the elastic member 1210 acts on the inner wall of the installation cavity 1202, and the other end acts on the blocking member 1209, providing the blocking member 1209 with force to block the air outlet 1218.

[0055] In this embodiment, the detection tube 1208 is arranged in the installation cavity 1202 and is located on one side of the through hole 1203. It has an air outlet 1218, which can be used to spray gas onto the surface of the shaft part 1 to assist in detection. For example, when detecting whether the shaft part 1 is in place, the shaft part 1 pushes the blocking member 1209 to open the air outlet 1218. At this time, a specific gas such as clean compressed air can be sprayed through the detection tube 1208. Whether the workpiece is in place can be determined by whether the gas is sprayed from the air outlet 1218. The blocking member 1209 can slide in the detection tube 1208 to block or cancel the blocking of the air outlet 1218, thereby achieving precise control of the gas injection. The elastic member 1210 provides the blocking member 1209 with a force to block the air outlet 1218, ensuring that the air outlet 1218 can be reliably blocked when no air injection is required, thereby preventing gas leakage and external impurities from entering the detection tube 1208. This synergistic effect makes the detection process more accurate and controllable, and can improve the detection accuracy to a higher level.

[0056] When checking whether the shaft parts 1 are in place, the gas injection can be controlled by the pushing state of the shaft parts 1 on the sealing part 1209. The sealing part 1209 reliably blocks and precisely controls the gas outlet 1218 of the detection tube 1208, thereby ensuring the stability of the gas supply. After the detection is completed, if the gas outlet 1218 cannot be effectively blocked or the opening control is inaccurate, it may cause subsequent gas supply instability, affecting the accuracy of the detection results and the continuity of the detection process. For example, when a batch of shaft parts 1 are continuously tested, stable gas injection is required to obtain consistent detection data. Through the precise control of the sealing part 1209, it can be ensured that the flow rate, pressure and other parameters of the gas ejected from the detection tube 1208 remain stable during each detection, making the detection results more comparable and reliable, ensuring the smooth progress of the detection work, and improving production efficiency.

[0057] At the same time, the presence of the elastic member 1210 further enhances the reliability of the blocking member 1209 blocking the gas outlet 1218. Even when the device is subjected to vibration, external force impact, etc., the elastic member 1210 can continue to exert force to keep the blocking member 1209 in a blocked state, preventing the gas outlet 1218 from accidentally opening, avoiding problems such as gas leakage, maintaining the normal operation of the device, reducing detection failures and the number of re-detections caused by abnormal gas supply, reducing production costs, and improving the reliability of the device.

[0058] When the shaft parts 1 are positioned and detected, if the detection part 12 continues to alarm, the shaft parts 1 can be manually adjusted to the positioning position. At this time, the detection tube 1208 plays an important role in quality inspection. When the detection tube 1208 is leaking continuously, this phenomenon can intuitively reflect the surface processing accuracy of the shaft parts 1. Because if the surface processing accuracy of the parts is high, and its surface flatness, roughness and other indicators meet the requirements, then the air outlet of the detection tube 1208 cannot leak, and there will be no obvious continuous leakage. On the contrary, if there is continuous leakage, it is likely that the gas cannot be blocked due to protrusions, depressions, roughness tolerance and other problems on the surface of the parts. In the high-precision machining scenario, for some shaft parts used in the aerospace field, the surface processing accuracy requirements are extremely high, and even tiny surface defects may affect the performance of the entire component. Through this leakage detection method of the detection tube 1208, it is possible to quickly and accurately find out whether the surface of the part meets the accuracy requirements, providing a strong basis for subsequent processing decisions.

[0059] Moreover, the detection by the detection tube 1208 is carried out simultaneously in the positioning detection stage, without the need for additional complex detection procedures. Compared with traditional post-sampling detection and other methods, it can find problems in time during the processing process, avoiding the meaningless processing of parts that already have precision problems in the subsequent processing steps, greatly improving the processing efficiency and reducing resource waste.

[0060] In the traditional shaft parts processing process, if there is no such real-time quality inspection method, the final quality inspection is often carried out after a series of processing procedures are completed. Once it is found that the quality of the parts does not meet the requirements, a large amount of processing time, manpower, material resources and other resources previously invested will be wasted, and unqualified parts will need to be reworked or scrapped. By using the detection tube 1208 for quality inspection during the positioning detection stage, when it is found that continuous air leakage indicates that the surface processing accuracy of the parts is poor, the subsequent meaningless processing of the parts can be stopped in time, and the processing resources can be transferred to other qualified parts or new processing tasks. For example, in a workshop that mass-produces shaft parts, if there is no such advance detection mechanism, a large number of parts may be found to be unqualified after multiple processing procedures, resulting in low efficiency of the entire production process and a significant increase in production costs. However, with the help of the detection of the detection tube 1208, this situation can be effectively avoided, and the utilization efficiency of production resources is improved.

[0061] In addition, stopping meaningless processing in time can also reduce unnecessary wear of processing equipment. Continuing to process unqualified parts will not only fail to obtain qualified products, but also cause additional wear of processing equipment during the ineffective processing, shortening the service life of the equipment. Through the quality inspection of the detection tube 1208, the processing equipment can be protected, the equipment maintenance cost can be reduced, and the production cost can be further saved.

[0062] The detection tube 1208 is used to detect the quality of the shaft parts 1, which makes the entire production process more optimized. It advances the quality inspection link to the positioning inspection stage, realizes the organic combination of processing and inspection, and makes the production process more compact and efficient. In terms of production management of the enterprise, this method helps to better arrange the production plan, adjust the allocation of processing tasks in time according to the inspection results, and ensure the rational use of resources.

[0063] Furthermore, the blocking member 1209 has a closing portion 1211, an arcuate abutting portion 1212, an annular groove 1213 and an air guide groove 1214. The arcuate abutting portion 1212 and the closing portion 1211 are respectively located at two ends of the blocking member 1209. The elastic member 1210 acts on the closing portion 1211. The annular groove 1213 is located in the middle of the blocking member 1209. The air guide groove 1214 is connected with the annular groove 1213. The air guide groove 1214 passes through the arcuate abutting portion 1212 and leads to the air outlet 1218.

[0064] In this embodiment, the sealing portion 1211 of the sealing member 1209 can reliably block the gas outlet 1218 of the detection tube 1208 under the action of the elastic member 1210. This design ensures that when gas detection is not required, the gas outlet 1218 can be tightly sealed, effectively preventing gas leakage and external impurities from entering the detection tube 1208 through the gas outlet 1218 and affecting the inside of the device. At the same time, through the action of the elastic member 1210 on the sealing portion 1211, the blocking control of the gas outlet 1218 is made more precise.

[0065] The air guide groove 1214 on the sealing member 1209 is connected to the annular groove 1213 and passes through the arc-shaped abutment portion 1212 to the gas outlet 1218. This unique structural design provides a flexible conduction path for gas detection. When gas detection is required, the gas can flow smoothly to the gas outlet 1218 through the air guide groove 1214 and the annular groove 1213, and then be sprayed onto the surface of the shaft part 1 for detection. Through the existence of the annular groove 1213, the gas can be buffered and distributed to a certain extent, making it more uniform and stable in the process of flowing to the gas outlet 1218, so as to better adapt to different detection scenarios. The through-design of the air guide groove 1214 allows the gas to flow to the gas outlet 1218 in a more direct path, reducing the resistance of the gas inside the sealing member 1209 and improving the flow efficiency of the gas. This is particularly important for scenarios where test results need to be obtained quickly, which can speed up the detection speed and improve production efficiency. At the same time, by adjusting the sliding position of the sealing piece 1209 in the detection tube 1208, the relative position relationship between the gas guide groove 1214 and the gas outlet 1218 can be further changed, thereby achieving precise control of the gas injection direction and angle, meeting more sophisticated detection requirements, and further improving the detection flexibility and accuracy of the device.

[0066] When the blocking piece 1209 abuts against the shaft part 1, the arc-shaped abutment portion 1212 plays a vital role. Its rounded arc design makes the contact with the outer surface of the shaft part 1 a point contact or a small area of ​​curved surface contact. Compared with other possible sharp or flat contact methods, this contact form is extremely gentle. During the positioning detection process of the shaft part 1, especially when the blocking piece 1209 is needed to assist in determining the positioning of the part, the blocking piece 1209 will frequently interact with the surface of the shaft part 1. The presence of the arc-shaped abutment portion 1212 ensures that during these frequent contacts, no scratches, wear and other damage will be caused to the outer surface of the shaft part 1. This gentle contact method can not only avoid wear during a single abutment, but also during long-term detection operations, even after multiple abutments between the blocking piece 1209 and the shaft part 1, the outer surface of the shaft part 1 can still remain in good condition. This is particularly important for production scenarios that require repeated positioning and detection of a large number of shaft parts 1. It can effectively reduce the scrap rate of parts caused by the detection process, improve the production qualification rate, save production costs for the enterprise and improve economic benefits.

[0067] Furthermore, the detection component 12 also includes an air pipe 1215, which leads to the installation cavity 1202 and is used to introduce pressurized gas into the installation cavity 1202. A flow rate sensor 1216 is arranged on the air pipe 1215 and is used to detect the flow rate of the gas in the air pipe 1215. An alarm 1217 is arranged on the mounting frame 11. When the gas flow rate in the air pipe 1215 is large, the alarm 1217 is used to alarm.

[0068] In this embodiment, the flow rate sensor 1216 is arranged on the air pipe 1215, and can detect the flow rate of the gas in the air pipe 1215 in real time and accurately. When the detection tube 1208 is used to detect the positioning or surface processing accuracy of the shaft parts 1, the stability of the gas flow rate and the specific value are crucial to the accuracy of the detection results. The existence of the flow rate sensor 1216 allows the operator to understand the gas flow rate in real time. If the flow rate deviates from the preset reasonable range, the positioning and surface processing accuracy of the shaft parts 1 can be judged in time, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the shaft parts 1 and ensuring that the product quality meets high standards.

[0069] When the gas flow rate in the air pipe 1215 is large, the alarm 1217 will sound an alarm. This abnormal alarm mechanism is of great significance for ensuring the smooth progress of the detection process. In actual detection operations, the sudden increase in gas flow rate may be caused by various reasons, including inaccurate positioning of the shaft parts 1 and insufficient processing accuracy of the shaft parts 1. It may also be caused by failure of the gas supply equipment, blockage or leakage of the air pipe 1215, and abnormality of the sealing member 1209 in the detection tube 1208. Once this situation occurs, if it is not discovered and handled in time, it will not only affect the accuracy of the current detection results of the shaft parts 1, but may also cause damage to the device itself. For example, an excessively high gas flow rate may impact the detection tube 1208 and its internal components, causing wear, deformation, and other problems. Alarm 1217 can sound an alarm at the first time when the gas flow rate is abnormal, reminding the operator to promptly troubleshoot the problem and take corresponding measures such as checking the gas supply equipment, checking whether the connection of the gas pipe 1215 is normal, checking the status of the sealing part 1209, etc., to ensure that the detection process can continue normally, avoid the adverse consequences such as a large amount of invalid detection data and increased maintenance costs of the device due to failure to discover the problem in time, thereby improving the reliability and detection efficiency of the device.

[0070] The coordinated work of the flow rate sensor 1216 and the alarm 1217 provides a strong guarantee for the stable gas supply of the device. During the entire detection process of the shaft parts 1, a continuous and stable gas supply is required to be supplied to the detection tube 1208 to achieve accurate detection functions. The flow rate sensor 1216 monitors the gas flow rate in real time. Once the flow rate fluctuates or changes abnormally, the alarm 1217 will respond in time and sound an alarm. According to the alarm prompt, the operator can quickly take measures to adjust the gas supply to ensure that the gas flow rate remains within an appropriate range, thereby maintaining the stability of the detection process. For example, when a batch of shaft parts 1 are continuously tested, a stable gas supply is essential for obtaining consistent and reliable detection data. Through the cooperation of the flow rate sensor 1216 and the alarm 1217, the deviation of the detection results caused by the unstable gas flow rate can be effectively avoided, which ensures the smooth progress of the detection work and improves production efficiency.

[0071] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special-shaped workpiece positioning device, used for positioning detection of special-shaped shaft parts (1), wherein the shaft parts (1) have an arc portion (101) and a flat portion (102), wherein the arc portion (101) and the flat portion (102) are both arranged alternately in plurality, characterized in that: include: A frame (2), wherein the shaft-like part (1) is rotatably arranged relative to the frame (2). A transverse frame (3), wherein the transverse frame (3) is slidably arranged relative to the frame (2), Abutment member (4), the abutment member (4) being arranged on the transverse moving frame (3), and after the transverse moving frame (3) moves, the abutment member (4) abuts against or cancels the abutment with the planar portion (102), and there are two abutment members (4), the two abutment members (4) respectively abut against two adjacent planar portions (102), and a clearance groove (401) is formed between the two abutment members (4), and the clearance groove (401) is used to accommodate one of the arc-shaped portions (101).

2. A special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: a clamping member (5), the clamping member (5) being rotatably disposed on the frame (2) and being used for clamping the shaft-like part (1), A tightening member (6), wherein the tightening member (6) is slidably disposed on the frame (2), and after sliding, the tightening member (6) tightens or cancels tightening the shaft part (1). A slide rail (7), wherein the slide rail (7) is arranged on the frame (2), and the transverse frame (3) is slidably arranged on the slide rail (7). a first linear driving member (8), the first linear driving member (8) being arranged on the frame (2) and being used for driving the transverse moving frame (3) to slide, A second linear driving member (9), the second linear driving member (9) being arranged on the frame (2) and used for driving the pressing member (6) to press or cancel the pressing of the shaft part (1).

3. The special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutment member (4) comprises an abutment surface (402) and an arc-shaped protective surface (403), the abutment surface (402) and the arc-shaped protective surface (403) forming a smooth transition, the abutment surface (402) being used to abut against the plane portion (102), and the arc-shaped protective surface (403) being used to guide the shaft component (1) to rotate to a positioning position and prevent the abutment member (4) from damaging the shaft component (1).

4. A special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A slag blocking plate (10), wherein the slag blocking plate (10) is arranged on the transverse frame (3), an installation space (1001) is formed between the frame (2) and the slag blocking plate (10), and the first linear drive member (8) and the slide rail (7) are both arranged in the installation space (1001).

5. The special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abutment member (4) is slidably arranged on the transverse moving frame (3); after the abutment member (4) slides, the clearance groove (401) is expanded or reduced.

6. The special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A mounting frame (11), the mounting frame (11) being arranged on the transverse frame (3) and located on one side of the abutment member (4), the mounting frame (11) comprising a first mounting portion (1101) and a second mounting portion (1102), A detection member (12), wherein there are two detection members (12), and the two detection members (12) are respectively slidably and rotatably arranged on the first mounting portion (1101) and the second mounting portion (1102), and the detection members (12) are configured such that after the transverse moving frame (3) moves, the two detection members (12) respectively abut against two adjacent planar portions (102), A V-shaped space (1103) is formed between the first mounting portions (1101) and the first mounting portions (1101), and the V-shaped space (1103) is used to accommodate the shaft part (1).

7. A special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting frame (11) has a slide groove (1104), and the detection member (12) comprises: a sealing member (1201), the sealing member (1201) being rotatably and slidably disposed in the slide groove (1104), the sealing member (1201) having an installation cavity (1202), the installation cavity (1202) having a through hole (1203), the through hole (1203) facing the plane portion (102), A positioning member (1204), the positioning member (1204) being arranged on the sealing member (1201) and penetrating the slide groove (1104), the positioning member (1204) having a clamping groove (1205), the clamping groove (1205) being arranged in a plurality of circles, A locking member (1206), the locking member (1206) being slidably disposed on the mounting frame (11), the locking member (1206) having a clamping portion, the clamping slot (1205) being used to accommodate the clamping portion, One end of the locking member (1206) has a fixing portion (1207), and the clamping portion is an elastic clamping portion. After the locking member (1206) slides, the fixing portion (1207) is clamped into the clamping slot (1205).

8. The special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection element (12) further comprises: a detection tube (1208), the detection tube (1208) being arranged in the installation cavity (1202) and located on one side of the through hole (1203), the detection tube (1208) having an air outlet (1218), a blocking member (1209), the blocking member (1209) being slidably disposed in the detection tube (1208), and blocking or unblocking the air outlet (1218) after sliding; An elastic member (1210), wherein one end of the elastic member (1210) acts on the inner wall of the installation cavity (1202), and the other end acts on the blocking member (1209), providing the blocking member (1209) with a force to block the air outlet (1218).

9. A special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blocking member (1209) comprises a closing portion (1211), an arcuate abutting portion (1212), an annular groove (1213) and an air guiding groove (1214); the arcuate abutting portion (1212) and the closing portion (1211) are respectively located at two ends of the blocking member (1209); the elastic member (1210) acts on the closing portion (1211); the annular groove (1213) is located in the middle of the blocking member (1209); the air guiding groove (1214) is communicated with the annular groove (1213); the air guiding groove (1214) passes through the arcuate abutting portion (1212) and leads to the air outlet (1218).

10. A special-shaped workpiece positioning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The detection element (12) further comprises: an air pipe (1215), the air pipe (1215) leading to the installation cavity (1202) and used for passing pressurized gas into the installation cavity (1202), a flow rate sensor (1216), the flow rate sensor (1216) being arranged on the trachea (1215) and being used to detect the flow rate of the gas in the trachea (1215), An alarm (1217), wherein the alarm (1217) is arranged on the mounting frame (11), and when the gas flow rate in the gas pipe (1215) is relatively high, the alarm (1217) is used to sound an alarm.

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