Dust fall type multifunctional excavator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of excavators, in particular to a dust fall type multifunctional excavator which comprises an excavator body, an excavator arm, an excavator bucket mechanism and an air blowing mechanism, and the excavator bucket mechanism comprises an excavator bucket body, a round roller capable of being wound and a steel belt wound on the round roller; the air blowing mechanism comprises an air pumping mechanism, an air storage mechanism, a plurality of sets of air holes formed in the steel belt, an air channel formed in the round roller and a plurality of sets of air outlets formed in the round roller, and air blown out of the air outlets forms an air curtain on the top of the stock bin. During material digging, the bucket body reciprocates, the steel belt repeatedly abuts against the air pumping mechanism, the air pumping mechanism inflates the air storage mechanism, after material digging is completed, the bucket body rotates to enable the top of the stock bin to be in a horizontal state, in the process, materials move downwards, the steel belt is driven to move downwards, the round roller rotates, air is sprayed out through the air outlet and the air holes, and the air curtain covers the top of the stock bin. The technical problem that dust is raised when the excavator bucket body is lifted is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of excavators, and in particular to a dust reduction multifunctional excavator. Background Art

[0002] Excavators will generate a lot of dust during the construction process, especially in urban construction sites, which have higher requirements for blocking dust. The current solution is to set up higher baffles and dust reduction sprays above the baffles. Although this method can prevent dust from overflowing to a certain extent, the construction site is still dusty, which will pose a certain threat to the health of construction workers. A lot of dust will be generated when the excavator completes excavation and lifts the bucket.

[0003] The invention patent with Chinese patent application number CN202410607505.8 discloses an excavator with dust suppression function, including a bucket mechanism, an accordion-type dual-mode air intake mechanism, an air blast linkage mechanism and a negative pressure extraction component. The present invention proposes two different negative pressure generating mechanisms, namely, an accordion-type dual-mode air intake mechanism and an air blast linkage mechanism. By alternately driving the two mechanisms, the gas flow effect in the same direction can be achieved when the movement directions are different; not only that, the present invention also uses the movement of the excavator itself as a driving force, and can automatically achieve adaptive matching of the two steps of excavator movement and dust extraction without electrical linkage control, greatly reducing the difficulty and failure rate of modular installation.

[0004] However, the device uses the digging action of the excavator as a driving force, but in the process of lifting the bucket, the excavator's movement amplitude is small, which affects the suction force of the negative pressure extraction component and further affects the dust collection effect.

[0005] The invention patent with Chinese patent application number CN202210292381.X discloses an adjustable bucket for an excavator, including an excavation frame, the side wall of the excavation frame has a side frame fixedly installed by bolts, and a mounting frame is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the excavation frame, an adjustment belt is fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the excavation frame, and the side wall of the adjustment belt is slidably connected to the surface of the side frame, the top of the adjustment belt is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the excavation frame, and a reel for reeling the adjustment belt is movably installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the excavation frame. The present invention is provided with an adjustment belt that can be reeled in the excavation frame, so that in the process of the excavation frame taking soil, the soil is taken out by extending the adjustment belt, and at the same time, after the soil is poured out, the adjustment belt will scrape the inner wall of the side frame, so that the bucket volume changes automatically and prevents the accumulation of soil in the corner, and finally achieves the purpose of variable bucket volume and automatic scraping of residue.

[0006] However, the device has dust suppression capabilities.

[0007] In summary, the functions of both devices cannot solve the problem of dust reduction. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a dust reduction multifunctional excavator, which adopts a retractable steel belt as the bottom surface of the bucket body. When digging, the bucket body moves back and forth, the steel belt repeatedly conflicts with the air pumping mechanism, and the air pumping mechanism inflates air into the air storage mechanism. After the digging is completed, the bucket body rotates so that the top of the silo is in a horizontal state. During the process, the material moves downward, driving the steel belt to move downward, the round roller rotates, and the gas is ejected through the air outlet and the air hole. The air curtain covers the top of the silo, solving the technical problem of dust caused by lifting the bucket body.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A dust reduction multifunctional excavator, comprising: Excavator body; Machine arm; A bucket mechanism, the bucket mechanism comprising a bucket body provided through the bottom of the silo, a round roller provided on the top of the bucket body and capable of being rolled up, and a steel belt with an end in the bucket body and wound on the round roller, the left and right sides of the steel belt being in sliding cooperation with the side walls of the bucket body, and the inner side of the steel belt being the bottom surface of the silo; An air blowing mechanism, the air blowing mechanism comprising an air pumping mechanism installed at the bottom of the bucket body and arranged to contact the steel belt, an air storage mechanism arranged at the top of the bucket body and in gas communication with the air pumping mechanism, a plurality of groups of air holes opened on the steel belt, an air channel opened in the round roller and in communication with the air storage mechanism, and a plurality of groups of air outlets arranged in an array along the length direction of the round roller and connected to the air holes, the air blown out of the air outlets forming an air curtain on the top of the silo; When digging, the bucket body moves back and forth, the steel belt contacts the air pumping mechanism, and the air pumping mechanism inflates the air into the air storage mechanism. After the digging is completed, the bucket body rotates so that the top of the silo is in a horizontal state. During the process, the material moves downward, driving the steel belt to unwind, the round roller rotates, and the gas is ejected through the air outlet and the air hole, and the air curtain covers the top of the silo.

[0010] As an improvement, the bucket mechanism further includes a plurality of groups of limit posts arranged in the bucket body and used for limiting the movement of the steel belt, and a plurality of groups of the limit posts are arranged outside the steel belt.

[0011] As an improvement, the round roller is installed through a bearing and a bearing seat, and springs are respectively provided at both ends of the round roller.

[0012] As an improvement, the air pumping mechanism includes a mounting seat installed at the bottom of the bucket body, a plurality of groups of piston holes arrayed on the mounting seat, pistons correspondingly slidably arranged in the piston holes, a connecting rod arranged on the piston, a resistance plate arranged at the top of the connecting rod, a spring a arranged on the outside of the connecting rod and connecting the resistance plate and the mounting seat, and an air inlet and an exhaust port correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the piston hole, the air inlet and the exhaust port both controlling the gas flow direction through a one-way valve, and the exhaust port is connected to the air storage mechanism.

[0013] As an improvement, the air storage mechanism includes two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged on the bucket body and located at the rear side of the silo. The bottoms of the two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms are connected to the air pump mechanism and can continuously supply air to the gas channel.

[0014] As an improvement, the two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms each include a lower base, an accordion-type airbag arranged on the lower base, an upper movable seat arranged on the top of the accordion-type airbag opposite to the lower base, two groups of guide sleeves arranged on the lower base and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the accordion-type airbag, guide columns correspondingly slidingly arranged in the guide sleeves and installed at the bottom of the upper movable seat, a spring b sleeved on the outside of the guide sleeve and connecting the lower base and the upper movable seat, a damper installed on the lower base and arranged to be in contact with the upper movable seat, a rotating gas joint unit coaxially installed at the end of the round roller and connecting the accordion-type airbag and the gas channel, a shield a fixedly installed on the bucket body and located in front of the accordion-type airbag, and a shield b installed on the upper movable seat and arranged on the outside of the shield a.

[0015] As an improvement, a gas pipeline for connecting the bottom of the two groups of the accordion-type airbag mechanisms with the air pump mechanism is integrally formed and arranged in the bucket body.

[0016] As an improvement, a plurality of groups of the air holes are opened in the area of ​​the steel belt close to the air outlet, and the diameter of the air holes is larger than the diameter of the air outlet.

[0017] As an improvement, the air outlet is configured to be in a cone shape with a larger outer portion and a smaller inner portion.

[0018] As an improvement, a detachable protective cover is provided at the bottom of the bucket body.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) When digging materials in the present invention, the bucket body moves back and forth, the steel belt repeatedly collides with the air pump mechanism, and the air pump mechanism inflates the air storage mechanism. After the digging is completed, the bucket body rotates so that the top of the silo is in a horizontal state. During the process, the material moves down quickly, driving the steel belt to unwind, the round roller rotates, and the gas is ejected through the gas outlet and the air vent, and the air curtain covers the top of the silo, thereby preventing dust from being raised; (2) The steel belt in the present invention is retractable, and the left and right sides of the steel belt are in sliding cooperation with the inner wall of the bucket body, so that each time the steel belt is retracted and reset, the attachments on the side wall of the bucket body are removed, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the bucket; (3) In the present invention, after the excavation is completed, the bucket body rotates so that the top of the silo is in a horizontal state. During the process, the material moves down rapidly, and at the same time, the steel belt is unwound rapidly, so that the material can be completely put into the silo, ensuring that the material will not be scattered during the transfer process; (4) In the present invention, during the process of the air pumping mechanism pumping air, the accordion-type airbag expands, and the air outlet is in a closed state at this time. The pressure in the accordion-type airbag gradually increases. After that, when the bucket body rotates to the level of the top of the silo, the material falls rapidly under the influence of gravity, the steel belt is unwound rapidly, the air outlet faces one side of the silo and is in a conductive state with the air vent, the high-pressure gas is ejected instantly, and an air curtain is formed at the top of the silo. The gas flow rate is large, and the dust prevention effect is better; (5) In the present invention, at the moment when the air outlet is turned on, under the pulling action of spring b, the accordion-type airbag will be quickly recovered and reset, and the upper movable seat will move quickly. Then, the upper movable seat will contact with the damper and move slowly downward, so that the air inside the accordion-type airbag will first flow out as a high-pressure rapid airflow, and then continue to flow out as a slow and steady airflow, so that the material is always covered by the air curtain during the translation of the bucket body.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has the advantages of clever structure, good dust reduction effect and convenient maintenance, and is particularly suitable for the particle field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of bucket structure Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of bucket mechanism Figure 1 ; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of bucket mechanism Figure 2 ; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of bucket structure Figure 2 ; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of a circular roller; Fig. 9 The excavation state diagram Figure 1 ; Fig.10 The excavation state diagram Figure 2 ; Fig.11 for Fig.10 Enlarged view of center C.

[0022] In the figure: 1, excavator body, 2, machine arm, 3, bucket mechanism, 30, silo, 31, bucket body, 310, protective cover, 32, round roller, 321, spring spring, 33, steel belt, 34, limit column, 4, blowing mechanism, 40, air curtain, 41, pump air mechanism, 411, mounting seat, 412, piston hole, 413, piston, 414, connecting rod, 415, spring a, 416, air intake Mouth, 417, exhaust port, 418, resistance plate, 42, gas storage mechanism, 421, accordion airbag mechanism, 4210, rotary gas joint unit, 4211, lower base, 4212, accordion airbag, 4213, upper movable seat, 4214, guide sleeve, 4215, guide column, 4216, spring b, 4219, damper, 43, air vent, 44, gas channel, 45, air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] Example: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a dust reduction multifunctional excavator comprises: Excavator body 1; Arm 2; The bucket mechanism 3 includes a bucket body 31 which is arranged through the bottom of the silo 30, a round roller 32 which is arranged on the top of the bucket body 31 and can be rolled up, and a steel belt 33 whose end is in the bucket body 31 and wound on the round roller 32. The left and right sides of the steel belt 33 are slidably matched with the side walls of the bucket body 31, and the inner side of the steel belt 33 is the bottom surface of the silo 30; The blowing mechanism 4 includes an air pump mechanism 41 installed at the bottom of the bucket body 31 and arranged to contact the steel belt 33, an air storage mechanism 42 arranged at the top of the bucket body 31 and in gas communication with the air pump mechanism 41, a plurality of groups of air holes 43 provided on the steel belt 33, an air channel 44 provided in the round roller 32 and in communication with the air storage mechanism 42, and a plurality of groups of air outlets 45 arranged in an array along the length direction of the round roller 32 and connected to the air holes 43, and the air blown out of the air outlets 45 forms an air curtain 40 at the top of the silo 30; When digging, the bucket body 31 moves back and forth, the steel belt 33 repeatedly collides with the air pumping mechanism 41, and the air pumping mechanism 41 inflates the air into the air storage mechanism 42. After the digging is completed, the bucket body 31 rotates so that the top of the silo 30 is in a horizontal state. During the process, the material moves downward, driving the steel belt 33 to unwind, and the round roller 32 rotates. The gas is ejected through the air outlet 45 and the air vent 43, and the air curtain 40 covers the top of the silo 30.

[0027] It should be noted that excavators all use hydraulic transmission. When the hydraulic system is feeding, high-pressure and low-flow hydraulic oil must be introduced to enable the system to obtain great power. The smaller the flow, the slower the system feeds and the smaller the speed. Therefore, the operator operates the bucket body 31 to perform multiple small-scale excavations. Finally, the bucket body 31 shovels up the materials produced by multiple excavations. The shoveling process is fast, and the materials are lifted, which is prone to dust.

[0028] It is also necessary to explain that, during multiple small-scale excavations, when the bucket body 31 is feeding excavated materials, the materials squeeze the steel belt 33, the steel belt 33 is unwound, and the rear side of the steel belt collides with the air pumping mechanism 41; when the bucket body 31 is retreating, the materials collapse due to gravity, the steel belt 33 is reeled and reset, and the air pumping mechanism 41 is reset. The above-mentioned actions are repeated to enable the air pumping mechanism 41 to inflate the air storage mechanism 42.

[0029] It is worth mentioning that the steel belt 33 is retractable, and the left and right sides of the steel belt 33 are slidably matched with the inner wall of the bucket body 31, so that each time the steel belt 33 is retracted and reset, the attachments on the side wall of the bucket body 31 will be removed, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the bucket.

[0030] Further, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bucket mechanism 3 further includes a plurality of groups of limit posts 34 disposed in the bucket body 31 and used for limiting the movement of the steel belt 33 , and a plurality of groups of the limit posts 34 are disposed outside the steel belt 33 .

[0031] It should be noted that the limiting column 34 is used to limit the moving position of the steel belt 33, which can effectively prevent the steel belt 33 from being damaged due to overload and increase its bearing rigidity.

[0032] Further, such as Figure 8 As shown, the round roller 32 is installed through a bearing and a bearing seat, and springs 321 are respectively provided at both ends of the round roller 32.

[0033] It should be noted that the material of the clockwork spring 321 is 55SiMnMoV, and in order to ensure the normal winding and unwinding of the steel strip 33 , a plurality of groups of the clockwork springs 321 can be provided at both ends of the round roller 32 .

[0034] It should be further explained that the installation of the round roller 32 via a bearing and a bearing seat can ensure the smoothness of the rotation of the round roller 32 and prevent the axial movement of the round roller 32 .

[0035] Further, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the air pump mechanism 41 includes a mounting seat 411 installed at the bottom of the bucket body 31, a plurality of groups of piston holes 412 arrayed on the mounting seat 411, a piston 413 correspondingly slidably arranged in the piston hole 412, a connecting rod 414 arranged on the piston 413, a resistance plate 418 arranged at the top of the connecting rod 414, a spring a415 arranged on the outside of the connecting rod 414 and connecting the resistance plate 418 and the mounting seat 411, and an air inlet 416 and an exhaust port 417 correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the piston hole 412, the air inlet 416 and the exhaust port 417 both control the gas flow direction through a one-way valve, and the exhaust port 417 is connected to the air storage mechanism 42.

[0036] It should be noted that the steel belt 33 contacts the contact plate 418, the piston 413 moves in the piston hole 412, and the gas enters the gas storage mechanism 42 from the exhaust port 417. When the steel belt 33 disengages from the contact plate 418, the spring a415 drives the piston 413 to move and reset, and the external gas enters the interior of the piston hole 412 through the air inlet 416.

[0037] It is also necessary to explain that, under the action of several groups of the springs a415, the resistance plate 418 will generate a reaction force on the steel belt 33, thereby facilitating the winding of the steel belt 33.

[0038] Furthermore, the air storage mechanism 42 includes two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms 421 which are symmetrically arranged on the bucket body 31 and located at the rear side of the silo 30 . The bottoms of the two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms 421 are connected to the air pump mechanism 41 and can continuously supply air to the gas channel 44 .

[0039] It should be noted that only when there is gas continuously in the gas passage 44 can the gas curtain 40 always be sealed at the top of the silo 30 .

[0040] Further, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms 421 each include a lower base 4211, an accordion-type airbag 4212 disposed on the lower base 4211, an upper movable seat 4213 disposed on the top of the accordion-type airbag 4212 opposite to the lower base 4211, two groups of guide sleeves 4214 disposed on the lower base 4211 and symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the accordion-type airbag 4212, a guide column 4215 correspondingly slidably disposed in the guide sleeve 4214 and installed at the bottom of the upper movable seat 4213, and a guide column 4215 sleeved on the outside of the guide sleeve 4214 and connected to the guide sleeve 4214. A spring b4216 between the lower base 4211 and the upper movable seat 4213, a damper 4219 installed on the lower base 4211 and arranged to be in contact with the upper movable seat 4213, a rotating gas joint unit 4210 coaxially installed at the end of the round roller 32 and connecting the accordion-type airbag 4212 and the gas channel 44, a shield a4217 fixedly installed on the bucket body 31 and located in front of the accordion-type airbag 4212, and a shield b4218 installed on the upper movable seat 4213 and arranged on the outside of the shield a4217.

[0041] It should be noted that, during the early stage of multiple small-scale excavations by the bucket body 31, the unwinding range of the steel belt 33 is small, the air outlet 45 and the air vent 43 are blocked by the steel belt 33, and the air pressure in the accordion-type airbag 4212 will continue to increase with the pumping of the air pumping mechanism 41. After the bucket body 31 completes the early excavation, a large amount of material is loaded into the bucket body 31, which is then rotated so that the top of the silo 30 is in a horizontal state. The steel belt 33 is rapidly unwound due to the gravity of the material, and the rotation of the round roller 32 causes the air outlet 45 and the air vent 43 to be instantly connected, and the gas in the accordion-type airbag 4212 is instantly ejected, and the air curtain 40 is formed on the top of the silo 30, thereby reducing dust.

[0042] What needs to be explained more is that Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, a large amount of material is loaded into the bucket body 31, which is then rotated so that the top of the silo 30 is in a horizontal state. The steel belt 33 is quickly unwound due to the gravity of the material. At this time, the material will sink into the interior of the silo 30, and the air curtain 40 can better reduce dust.

[0043] It is particularly important to note that the action of the spring b4216 causes the upper movable seat 4213 to move downward, compressing the space of the accordion-type airbag 4212, thereby achieving the effect of exhaust. At the moment when the gas in the accordion-type airbag 4212 is ejected, the spring b4216 extends to the extreme position, and the upper movable seat 4213 will move downward rapidly. Thereafter, the upper movable seat 4213 will contact the damper 4219, and the upper movable seat 4213 will move downward slowly, so that the gas in the accordion-type airbag 4212 will not be discharged instantly.

[0044] It should be further explained that the shield b4218 moves with the upper movable seat 4213, so that the shield a4217 and the shield b4218 can always prevent the material in the silo 30 from splashing and damaging the accordion-type airbag 4212, thereby improving the service life of the accordion-type airbag 4212.

[0045] It is worth mentioning that the guide sleeve 4214 and the guide column 4215 make the movement of the upper movable seat 4213 more stable; the damper 4219 is a hydraulic damper, and its internal structure and principle are prior art and will not be described in detail here; the rotary air joint unit 4210 includes a rotary air joint installed at the end of the round roller 32, a stainless steel air pipe and an air pipe joint that meets the national standard. All three are prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] Furthermore, a gas pipeline for connecting the bottom of the two groups of the accordion-type airbag mechanisms 421 with the air pump mechanism 41 is integrally formed and arranged in the bucket body 31 .

[0047] It should be noted that if Figure 3 and Figure 4 The middle arrow indicates the gas flow direction. The gas pipeline is arranged inside the bucket body 31 to reduce the number of external gas pipes, thereby preventing entanglement and reducing maintenance.

[0048] It is also necessary to explain that the exhaust port 417 of the air pump mechanism 41 enters the gas pipeline inside the bucket body 31 through a section of hard pipe, thereby realizing the circulation of gas.

[0049] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of the air holes 43 are provided in a region of the steel belt 33 close to the air outlet 45 , and a diameter of the air holes 43 is greater than a diameter of the air outlet 45 .

[0050] It should be noted that in order to increase the probability of the air outlet 45 to vent, the number of the air holes 43 is greater than the number of the air outlets 45; several groups of the air outlets 45 are arranged in a line, while several groups of the air holes 43 have multiple rows.

[0051] Further, such as Fig.11 As shown, the air outlet 45 is configured to be in a cone shape with a larger outer portion and a smaller inner portion.

[0052] It should be noted that the shape of the gas outlet 45 can increase the coverage area of ​​the gas and the density of the gas curtain 40 .

[0053] Furthermore, a detachable protective cover 310 is provided at the bottom of the bucket body 31 .

[0054] It should be noted that the protective cover 310 can prevent hard materials from hitting the air pump mechanism 41 during excavation.

[0055] Working process: When digging, during the early stage of multiple small-scale digging by the bucket body 31, the steel belt 33 contacts the contact plate 418, the piston 413 moves in the piston hole 412, and the gas enters the accordion-type airbag 4212 from the exhaust port 417. When the steel belt 33 is disengaged from the contact plate 418, the spring a415 drives the piston 413 to move and reset, and the external gas enters the interior of the piston hole 412 through the air inlet 416. The unwinding range of the steel belt 33 is small, and the air outlet 45 and the air vent 43 are blocked by the steel belt 33. This reciprocating process increases the air pressure in the accordion-type airbag 4212, and the upper movable seat 4213 moves upward. After the bucket body 31 completes the preliminary excavation, a large amount of material is loaded into the bucket body 31, and then it is rotated so that the top of the silo 30 is in a horizontal state. The steel belt 33 is rapidly unwound due to the gravity of the material, and the round roller 32 rotates to make the air outlet 45 and the air vent 43 instantly connected. The spring b4216 drives the upper moving seat 4213 to move downward rapidly, and the gas in the accordion-type airbag 4212 is instantly ejected, and the air curtain 40 is formed at the top of the silo 30. After that, the upper moving seat 4213 will conflict with the damper 4219, and the upper moving seat 4213 will move downward slowly, so that the gas in the accordion-type airbag 4212 is continuously output from the air outlet 45.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust-reducing multifunctional excavator, characterized in that: include Excavator body (1); Arms (2); A bucket mechanism (3), the bucket mechanism (3) comprising a bucket body (31) provided through the bottom of a silo (30), a round roller (32) provided at the top of the bucket body (31) and capable of being rolled up, and a steel belt (33) with an end portion in the bucket body (31) and wound around the round roller (32), the left and right sides of the steel belt (33) being in sliding engagement with the side walls of the bucket body (31), and the inner side of the steel belt (33) being the bottom surface of the silo (30); an air blowing mechanism (4), the air blowing mechanism (4) comprising an air pump mechanism (41) mounted at the bottom of the bucket body (31) and arranged to contact the steel belt (33), an air storage mechanism (42) arranged at the top of the bucket body (31) and in gas communication with the air pump mechanism (41), a plurality of groups of air holes (43) provided on the steel belt (33), an air channel (44) provided in the round roller (32) and in communication with the air storage mechanism (42), and a plurality of groups of air outlets (45) arranged in an array along the length direction of the round roller (32) and connected to the air holes (43), wherein the air blown out from the air outlets (45) forms an air curtain (40) at the top of the silo (30); When digging, the bucket body (31) moves back and forth, the steel belt (33) repeatedly collides with the air pumping mechanism (41), and the air pumping mechanism (41) inflates the air into the air storage mechanism (42). After digging is completed, the bucket body (31) rotates so that the top of the silo (30) is in a horizontal state. During the process, the material moves downward, driving the steel belt (33) to unwind, and the round roller (32) rotates, and the gas is ejected through the gas outlet (45) and the air vent (43), and the gas curtain (40) covers the top of the silo (30).

2. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bucket mechanism (3) further comprises a plurality of groups of limit posts (34) arranged in the bucket body (31) and used to limit the movement of the steel belt (33); the plurality of groups of limit posts (34) are arranged outside the steel belt (33).

3. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The round roller (32) is installed via a bearing and a bearing seat, and spring springs (321) are respectively provided at both ends of the round roller (32).

4. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pump mechanism (41) comprises a mounting seat (411) mounted at the bottom of the bucket body (31), a plurality of groups of piston holes (412) arranged in an array on the mounting seat (411), a piston (413) slidably arranged in the piston hole (412), a connecting rod (414) arranged on the piston (413), a resistance plate (418) arranged at the top of the connecting rod (414), a spring a (415) arranged on the outside of the connecting rod (414) and connecting the resistance plate (418) and the mounting seat (411), and an air inlet (416) and an air outlet (417) arranged at the bottom of the piston hole (412), wherein the air inlet (416) and the air outlet (417) are both used to control the gas flow direction through a one-way valve, and the air outlet (417) is connected to the air storage mechanism (42).

5. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage mechanism (42) comprises two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms (421) which are symmetrically arranged on the bucket body (31) and located at the rear side of the silo (30); the bottoms of the two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms (421) are connected to the air pump mechanism (41) and can continuously supply air to the gas channel (44).

6. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms (421) each include a lower base (4211), an accordion-type airbag (4212) disposed on the lower base (4211), an upper movable seat (4213) disposed on the top of the accordion-type airbag (4212) opposite to the lower base (4211), two groups of guide sleeves (4214) disposed on the lower base (4211) and symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the accordion-type airbag (4212), a guide column (4215) correspondingly slidably disposed in the guide sleeve (4214) and mounted on the bottom of the upper movable seat (4213), and a guide sleeve (4215) sleeved on the outside of the guide sleeve (4214) and connected to the lower base (4211). The invention relates to a plurality of embodiments of the present invention, comprising: a spring b (4216) between the lower base (4211) and the upper movable seat (4213), a damper (4219) mounted on the lower base (4211) and arranged to contact the upper movable seat (4213), a rotary air joint unit (4210) coaxially mounted on the end of the round roller (32) and connecting the accordion-type airbag (4212) and the gas channel (44), a shield a (4217) fixedly mounted on the bucket body (31) and located in front of the accordion-type airbag (4212), and a shield b (4218) mounted on the upper movable seat (4213) and arranged on the outside of the shield a (4217).

7. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gas pipeline for connecting the bottom of the two groups of accordion-type airbag mechanisms (421) with the air pump mechanism (41) is integrally formed and arranged in the bucket body (31).

8. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of the air holes (43) are provided in an area of ​​the steel belt (33) close to the air outlet (45), and the diameter of the air holes (43) is greater than the diameter of the air outlet (45).

9. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet (45) is configured to be in a cone shape that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside.

10. The dust suppression multifunctional excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachable protective cover (310) is provided at the bottom of the bucket body (31).

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