Exploration drilling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to an exploration drilling machine. The exploration drilling machine comprises a lifting mechanism, an electric control rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit and a mounting mechanism. The upper end of the drill bit is provided with a downwards-sunken concave hole and a clamping block. The mounting mechanism comprises a spline shaft and an elastic assembly, the upper end of the spline shaft is connected with the lower end of the drill rod, the spline shaft is provided with an annular groove surrounding the periphery of the spline shaft, and the peripheral face of the spline shaft is provided with a vertical groove extending in the vertical direction and a downwards-sunken groove; the upper end of the elastic assembly abuts against the lower end of the spline shaft, and the lower end of the elastic assembly abuts against the hole bottom of the concave hole. When the clamping block is clamped and matched with the groove, the elastic assembly is in a compressed state; when the clamping block is located in the annular groove, the elastic assembly allows the spline shaft to rotate relative to the drill bit. When the exploration drilling machine drills downwards, the drill bit can be prevented from running in high-hardness geology for a long time in a high-strength overload mode, the mounting mechanism cannot be damaged, and the drill bit is convenient to replace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling rigs, and in particular to exploration drilling rigs. Background Art

[0002] An exploration drilling rig generally includes a lifting mechanism, an electric-controlled rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit, and a mounting mechanism. The electric-controlled rotating mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism. One end of the drill rod is mounted on the output end of the electric-controlled rotating mechanism. The drill bit is mounted on the end of the drill rod away from the electric-controlled rotating mechanism through the mounting mechanism. When the exploration drilling rig is actually used to drill underground, the lifting mechanism drives the electric-controlled rotating mechanism to move downward, so that the electric-controlled rotating mechanism carries the drill rod and the drill bit downward; at the same time, the electric-controlled rotating mechanism drives the drill rod to drive the drill bit to rotate, so that the drill bit can be gradually rotated downward to drill.

[0003] Due to the lack of knowledge of the geological hardness at different depths under the ground, it is necessary to use a drill bit with higher hardness to drill downward step by step. When the geological hardness at certain depths under the ground is far greater than the hardness that the drill bit can drill, the drill bit will be overloaded for a long time in the high-hardness geology, causing deformation of the installation mechanism, which will lead to the inconvenience of replacing the drill bit later.

[0004] In the related art, the electric control rotation mechanism can judge whether the drill bit is in high-intensity overload operation in high-hardness geology according to the rotation state of the drill bit during the drilling process, so as to timely execute the corresponding power-off and stop program, but this process requires a long response time. In addition, during the execution of the power-off and stop program, the drill bit still needs to perform a long deceleration and idling process, which causes serious wear of the drill bit in high-hardness geology, and ultimately still causes the installation mechanism to be easily deformed and difficult to replace the drill bit. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an exploration drilling rig to address the problem in the prior art that during the drilling operation of the exploration drilling rig, the drill bit runs under high-intensity overload in high-hardness geology for a long time, causing deformation of the installation mechanism and making it inconvenient to replace the drill bit later.

[0006] An exploration drilling rig comprises: a lifting mechanism, an electric-controlled rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit and a mounting mechanism; the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a downwardly recessed hole, the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a clamping block, and the clamping block is located on the inner circumference of the recessed hole; the mounting mechanism comprises a spline shaft and an elastic component,

[0007] The upper end of the spline shaft is connected to the lower end of the drill rod, the spline shaft is provided with an annular groove surrounding its outer circumference, the outer circumferential surface of the spline shaft is provided with a vertical groove extending in the vertical direction and a downwardly recessed groove, the upper end of the vertical groove and the upper end of the groove are both communicated with the lower side of the annular groove, and the lower end of the vertical groove passes through the lower end of the spline shaft downward; the vertical groove is used to cooperate with the block to move up and down, the annular groove is used to cooperate with the block to rotate, and the groove is used to engage with the block;

[0008] The upper end of the elastic component abuts against the lower end of the spline shaft, and the lower end of the elastic component abuts against the bottom of the recessed hole; when the clamping block is engaged with the recessed groove, the elastic component is in a compressed state; when the clamping block is located in the annular groove, the elastic component allows the spline shaft to rotate relative to the drill bit.

[0009] In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism further includes an adapter sleeve, an outer cylinder, and a plurality of grinding blocks disposed on the outer cylinder;

[0010] The adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod, the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spline shaft, and the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer tube; the spline shaft is inserted into the outer tube; and a plurality of grinding blocks are sequentially spaced around the outer circumference of the outer tube.

[0011] In one embodiment, the exploration drilling rig further comprises a push rod, a slide rod, and a spring;

[0012] A slide groove is provided inside the grinding block, the push rod is slidably connected to the slide groove along a first direction, the push rod has an inner side surface facing the spline shaft and an outer side surface facing away from the spline shaft; the slide groove has an inner groove wall opposite to and in contact with the inner side surface and an outer groove wall in contact with the outer side surface;

[0013] Along the direction from top to bottom, the inner side surface is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft, and the outer side surface is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft; the first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface and the outer side surface;

[0014] The upper end of the spring is connected to the top of the slot wall of the slide slot, and the lower end of the spring is connected to the upper end of the push rod;

[0015] The upper end of the drill bit is provided with a circumferential groove surrounding the axis of the spline shaft; the lower end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the slide bar, and the slide bar is slidably matched with the circumferential groove and can rotate along the circumferential groove.

[0016] In one embodiment, the exploration drilling rig further comprises a slide plate, the upper end of the slide plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod, and the lower end of the slide plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slide rod;

[0017] The side of the slide plate close to the spline shaft is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove, and the side of the slide plate facing away from the spline shaft is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove.

[0018] In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism further comprises a retaining ring, which is sleeved on the spline shaft and located between the outer cylinder and the drill bit;

[0019] The top surface of the retaining ring is in close contact with the lower end surface of the outer tube, and the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the drill bit.

[0020] In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism is provided with a plurality of material guide grooves, which are arranged in sequence and spaced apart around the axis of the spline shaft; each of the material guide grooves passes through the outer circumferential surface of the adapter sleeve, the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder, and the surface of the grinding block facing away from the spline shaft.

[0021] In one embodiment, the elastic component includes: an upper plug-in component, a lower plug-in component, a rotating disk, and a compression spring;

[0022] The upper end of the upper plug-in component is plugged into the lower end of the spline shaft and can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft;

[0023] The lower end of the lower plug-in component is plugged into the bottom of the concave hole and can rotate synchronously with the drill bit;

[0024] The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the lower connector around the axis of the spline shaft;

[0025] The upper end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the upper plug-in connector, and the lower end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the turntable.

[0026] In one embodiment, the elastic component further includes a telescopic rod and a pressure-sensitive sensor, the upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper connector, the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the turntable, and the compression spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod;

[0027] The pressure-sensitive sensor is placed inside the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod can be extended and retracted up and down, and the pressure-sensitive sensor can be squeezed during the downward contraction of the upper end of the telescopic rod; the pressure-sensitive sensor is configured to trigger the electrically controlled rotation mechanism to stop driving the drill rod to rotate when the detected pressure value reaches a set value.

[0028] In one embodiment, the plurality of vertical grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spline shaft, the plurality of grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spline shaft, and the vertical grooves and the grooves are alternately arranged in sequence; the plurality of blocks, the plurality of grooves, and the plurality of vertical grooves are arranged one by one.

[0029] In one embodiment, the vertical groove has two groove walls that are opposite to each other along the circumferential direction of the spline shaft, and damping strips are respectively provided on the two groove walls; the damping strips on the two groove walls are used to clamp the clamping block.

[0030] When the above-mentioned exploration drilling rig is performing drilling work, it can prevent the drill bit from operating under high-intensity overload in high-hardness geology for a long time, will not damage the installation mechanism, and is convenient for replacing the drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an exploration drilling rig according to an embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the mounting mechanism and the drill bit of one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A view from another direction of the structure shown.

[0034] Figure 4 For Figure 2 A longitudinal sectional view of the outer cylinder of the structure shown at the grinding block.

[0035] Figure 5 For Figure 2 A longitudinal sectional view of the outer barrel and drill bit of the structure shown at the grinding block.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle H area.

[0037] Figure 7 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an adapter sleeve, an outer cylinder, a grinding block, a push rod, a spring, and an elastic component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 The figure is an exploded view of the connection structure of the grinding block, the push rod, the slide plate, the slide rod and the spring in one embodiment.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 10-lifting mechanism; 20-electrically controlled rotating mechanism; 30-drill rod;

[0041] 1-adapter sleeve; 101-first through hole; 102-adapter sleeve slot section;

[0042] 2-spline shaft; 201-annular groove; 202-vertical groove; 2021-damping strip; 203-groove; 21-buffer shock-absorbing ring;

[0043] 3-outer cylinder; 301-second through hole; 302-outer cylinder groove section; 31-baffle ring;

[0044] 4-drill bit; 40, concave hole; 401-circumferential groove; 41-block; 42-reinforcement rib;

[0045] 5-elastic component; 51-upper connector; 52-lower connector; 53-turntable; 54-compression spring; 55-telescopic rod;

[0046] 6-grinding block; 601-bump; 602-grinding block groove section; 61-push rod; 62-slide rod; 63-spring; 64-slide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0049] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, or abutment, or integration; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0052] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides an exploration drilling rig, comprising: a lifting mechanism 10, an electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20, a drill rod 30, a drill bit 4 and a mounting mechanism. The drill bit 4 is mounted on the lower end of the drill rod 30 through the mounting mechanism, and the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 is mounted on the output end of the lifting mechanism 10, and can move up and down through the drive of the lifting mechanism 10. The upper end of the drill rod 30 is mounted on the output end of the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20, and can rotate around its own axis through the drive of the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20. The specific structures of the lifting mechanism 10, the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20, and the drill rod 30 can refer to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The upper end of the drill bit 4 is provided with a concave hole 40 which is concave downwards, and the upper end of the drill bit 4 is provided with a clamping block 41, and the clamping block 41 is located at the inner circumference side of the concave hole 40. The mounting mechanism includes a spline shaft 2 and an elastic component 5.

[0055] refer to Figure 7 The upper end of the spline shaft 2 is connected to the lower end of the drill rod 30, and the spline shaft 2 is provided with an annular groove 201 surrounding its outer circumference. The outer circumferential surface of the spline shaft 2 is provided with a vertical groove 202 extending in the vertical direction and a downwardly recessed groove 203. The upper ends of the vertical groove 202 and the upper ends of the groove 203 are both connected to the lower side of the annular groove 201, and the lower end of the vertical groove 202 passes through the lower end of the spline shaft 2 downward. The vertical groove 202 is used to cooperate with the block 41 for upward and downward movement, the annular groove 201 is used to cooperate with the block 41 for rotation, and the groove 203 is used to engage with the block 41.

[0056] Recombination Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the upper end of the elastic component 5 abuts against the lower end of the spline shaft 2, and the lower end of the elastic component 5 abuts against the bottom of the recessed hole 40. When the clamping block 41 is engaged with the recessed groove 203, the elastic component 5 is in a compressed state. When the clamping block 41 is located in the annular groove 201, the elastic component 5 allows the spline shaft 2 to rotate relative to the drill bit 4.

[0057] Since the groove 203 is concave downward, when the clamping block 41 is clamped with the groove 203, under the action of the gravity of the drill bit 4, the clamping block 41 abuts against the bottom of the groove 203 downward, thereby supporting the drill bit 4. At the same time, since the elastic component 5 is in a compressed state, the elastic component 5 applies a downward elastic force to the drill bit 4, so that the clamping block 41 on the drill bit 4 abuts against the bottom of the groove 203 downward, thereby maintaining a reliable connection with the spline shaft 2.

[0058] When the above-mentioned exploration drilling rig is drilling down, a fixed frame (not shown) is set in the exploration area where drilling is required, and the lifting mechanism 10 is fixed on the fixed frame. The lifting mechanism 10 drives the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 to move downward, so that the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 carries the drill rod 30 and the drill bit 4 to move downward; at the same time, the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 drives the drill rod 30 to drive the drill bit 4 to rotate, so that the drill bit 4 can be gradually rotated downward for drilling.

[0059] During the normal drilling process of the exploration drilling rig, the block 41 is engaged with the groove 203, and the elastic component 5 is in a compressed state. Through the engagement of the block 41 with the groove 203, the drill bit 4 can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft 2. When the drill bit 4 drills into high-hardness geology, the drill bit 4 is blocked by the high-hardness geology and the drilling effect is weakened, so that it cannot move downward or the downward movement speed slows down, while the spline shaft 2 continues to move downward normally under the drive of the lifting mechanism 10. Therefore, the spline shaft 2 and the drill bit 4 produce relative motion, that is, the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4. Among them, the elastic component 5 is further compressed during the process of the spline shaft 2 moving downward relative to the drill bit 4, so that the elastic component 5 can play a buffering and protective role between the spline shaft 2 and the drill bit 4.

[0060] Since the upper ends of the grooves 203 are connected to the lower side of the annular groove 201, the block 41 can pass through the connection between the upper end of the groove 203 and the lower side of the annular groove 201 during the downward movement of the spline shaft 2 relative to the drill bit 4, thereby entering the annular groove 201. Since the annular groove 201 and the block 41 are rotationally matched, the annular groove 201 rotates synchronously during the continuous rotation of the spline shaft 2, and the block 41 is not subject to the rotational driving force of the spline shaft 2. The block 41 rotates relatively in the annular groove 201, so that the drill bit 4 can be stopped in time by the high-hardness geology to reduce wear, thereby preventing the drill bit 4 from operating under high-intensity overload in the high-hardness geology for a long time, and will not damage the installation mechanism.

[0061] When the blocking block 41 is located in the annular groove 201, the electrically-controlled rotating mechanism 2 drives the spline shaft 2 to rotate, but the drill bit 4 is stuck by the high-hardness geology and does not rotate. Therefore, the electrically-controlled rotating mechanism 2 can be controlled to stop driving the spline shaft 2 to rotate, and then the electrically-controlled rotating mechanism 20 can be driven to move upward through the lifting mechanism 10, thereby driving the drill rod 30 and the drill bit 4 installed on the drill rod 30 by the installation mechanism to move upward together.

[0062] When the spline shaft 2 stops rotating, the block 41 may be aligned with the groove 203, or the block 41 may be offset from the vertical groove 202 and the groove 203. In this way, during the upward movement of the spline shaft 2, under the elastic force of the elastic component 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4, the block 41 will fall downward into the groove 203, or the block 41 will press against the groove wall of the annular groove 201. In this way, during the upward movement of the spline shaft 2, the block 41 and the drill bit 4 can be driven to move upward, thereby moving the mounting mechanism and the drill bit 4 above the ground as a whole. After the mounting mechanism and the drill bit 4 are moved above the ground as a whole, the current drill bit 4 can be removed from the mounting mechanism first, and then the drill bit 4 with higher material hardness can be replaced.

[0063] The process of removing the current drill bit 4 from the installation mechanism is as follows: the drill bit 4 can be lifted upward by a jack first, so that the block 41 on the drill bit 4 enters the annular groove 201 upward along the groove 203 of the spline shaft 2 (if the block 41 is not in the groove 203, there is no need to lift the drill bit 4 upward by a jack, and only the drill bit 4 can be supported upward). Then the staff controls the drill rod 30 to rotate and drive the spline shaft 2 to rotate until the block 41 on the drill bit 4 is aligned with the vertical groove 202 of the spline shaft 2, and then the staff lifts the spline shaft 2 through the lifting mechanism 10, so that during the upward movement of the vertical groove 202, the block 41 can be separated from the spline shaft 2 from the lower end of the vertical groove 202, thereby realizing the separation of the drill bit 4 from the spline shaft 2, that is, realizing the removal of the drill bit 4 from the installation mechanism.

[0064] The process of installing the new drill bit 4 to the installation mechanism is as follows: the staff uses a jack to lift the new drill bit 4 upward so that the block 41 of the new drill bit 4 moves upward into the annular groove 201 along the vertical groove 202 of the spline shaft 2. Then the staff controls the drill rod 30 to rotate to drive the spline shaft 2 to rotate, and the annular groove 201 rotates relative to the new drill bit 4 until the block 41 on the new drill bit 4 is aligned with the groove 203 of the spline shaft 2. Then the staff removes the jack, and the new drill bit 4 falls under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the elastic component 5, and the block 41 is stuck downward into the groove 203 of the spline shaft 2, and the elastic component 5 is in a compressed state. In this way, the new drill bit 4 is installed to the installation mechanism.

[0065] From the above, it can be seen that the above-mentioned exploration drilling rig can prevent the drill bit 4 from operating under high-intensity overload in high-hardness geology for a long time when performing drilling work, will not damage the installation mechanism, and is convenient for replacing the drill bit 4.

[0066] When the drill bit 4 is stuck by the high-hardness geology and does not rotate, the electric control rotating mechanism 2 stops driving the spline shaft 2 to rotate. When the spline shaft 2 stops rotating, there is a small probability that the block 41 is aligned with the vertical slot 202. In this way, during the upward movement of the spline shaft 2, under the elastic force of the elastic component 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4, the block 41 may be separated from the spline shaft 2 from the lower end of the vertical slot 202, resulting in the drill bit 4 cannot be brought out of the ground. To prevent this situation, please refer to Figure 6 In one embodiment, the vertical groove 202 has two groove walls that are opposite to each other along the circumference of the spline shaft 2, and the two groove walls are respectively provided with damping strips 2021. The damping strips 2021 on the two groove walls are used to clamp the clamping block 41.

[0067] When the spline shaft 2 stops rotating, the block 41 is aligned with the vertical slot 202. Under the downward elastic force of the elastic component 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4, the block 41 enters the vertical slot 202 and is subjected to the friction of the damping strips 2021 on both sides. The downward elastic force of the elastic component 5 on the drill bit 4 and the gravity of the drill bit 4 are balanced with the friction of the block 41, so that the block 41 will not continue to move downward in the vertical slot 202, that is, the block 41 remains in a state of being clamped by the two damping strips 2021. In this way, the drill bit 4 can be moved out above the ground together with the spline shaft 2.

[0068] When the clamping block 41 remains in the state of being clamped by the two damping strips 2021, the elastic force of the elastic component 5 can be 0, that is, the elastic component 5 is in a natural state at this time; of course, the elastic component 5 can also still be in a compressed state.

[0069] It should be noted that during the process of removing the current drill bit 4 from the mounting mechanism and installing the new drill bit 4 into the mounting mechanism, after the block 41 on the drill bit 4 is aligned with the vertical groove 202 of the spline shaft 2, an external force can be applied to the block 41 and the drill bit 4 with the help of a tool to overcome the friction force of the damping strip 2021, so that the block 41 can move relatively along the vertical groove 202.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 5 In one embodiment, the elastic component 5 includes: an upper connector 51 , a lower connector 52 , a rotating disk 53 , and a compression spring 54 .

[0071] The upper end of the upper connector 51 is plugged into the lower end of the spline shaft 2 and can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft 2. Specifically, the lower end surface of the spline shaft 2 is provided with a first plug hole (not shown), and the upper end of the upper connector 51 is plugged into the first plug hole. The upper end of the upper connector 51 and the first plug hole are circumferentially limited by the cooperation of the key and the keyway, so that the upper connector 51 and the spline shaft 2 can rotate synchronously. The upper surface of the upper connector 51 abuts against the inner wall of the first plug hole (that is, the top of the inner wall of the first plug hole), so that the elastic component 5 abuts against the spline shaft 2.

[0072] The lower end of the lower connector 52 is plugged into the bottom of the concave hole 40 and can rotate synchronously with the drill bit 4. Specifically, a second plug hole (not shown) is provided at the bottom of the concave hole 40, and the lower end of the lower connector 52 is plugged into the second plug hole. The lower end of the lower connector 52 and the second plug hole are circumferentially limited by the cooperation of a key and a key slot, so that the lower connector 52 and the drill bit 4 can rotate synchronously. The lower end surface of the lower connector 52 abuts against the bottom of the second plug hole, so that the elastic component 5 abuts against the bottom of the concave hole 40.

[0073] The turntable 53 is rotatably connected to the lower connector 52 around the axis of the spline shaft 2. Specifically, the upper end of the lower connector 52 extends to the upper side of the second plug hole. The outer circumference of the upper end of the lower connector 52 is provided with a rotation groove, which surrounds the outer circumference of the upper end of the lower connector 52. The turntable 53 is sleeved on the upper end of the lower connector 52 and rotatably cooperates with the rotation groove, so that the turntable 53 is rotatably connected to the lower connector 52 by rotating the turntable 53 relative to the rotation groove.

[0074] The upper end of the compression spring 54 is fixedly connected to the upper plug-in component 51 , and the lower end of the compression spring 54 is fixedly connected to the turntable 53 , so that the compression spring 54 is located between the upper plug-in component 51 and the turntable 53 .

[0075] In this embodiment, when the block 41 enters the annular groove 201, the block 41 is not subject to the rotational driving force of the spline shaft 2. When the drill bit 4 is stuck by the high-hardness geology, the lower connector 52 also stops rotating with the drill bit 4. However, the turntable 53 can still rotate relative to the lower connector 52. Therefore, when the spline shaft 2 rotates, the upper connector 51, the turntable 53, and the compression spring 54 can still rotate synchronously. Therefore, when the drill bit 4 encounters high-hardness geology, even if the spline shaft 2 is still rotating, the drill bit 4 can be stuck by the high-hardness geology, preventing long-term high-intensity overload operation in high-hardness geology, and will not damage the installation mechanism.

[0076] The compression spring 54 is located between the upper connector 51 and the rotary disk 53. Therefore, when the compression spring 54 is in a compressed state, the compression spring 54 applies a downward elastic force to the rotary disk 53, so that the rotary disk 53 presses downward against the groove wall of the rotating groove, and then the elastic force can be transmitted to the drill bit 4 in sequence through the rotary disk 53 and the lower connector 52, so that the drill bit 4 is subjected to the downward force from the compression spring 54.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 7 In one embodiment, the elastic component 5 also includes a telescopic rod 55 and a pressure-sensitive sensor (not shown), the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 is fixedly connected to the upper connector 51, the lower end of the telescopic rod 55 is fixedly connected to the turntable 53, and the compression spring 54 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 55.

[0078] The pressure-sensitive sensor is placed inside the telescopic rod 55, which can be extended and retracted up and down, and the pressure-sensitive sensor can be squeezed when the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 contracts downward. The pressure-sensitive sensor is configured to trigger the electric control rotating mechanism 20 to stop driving the drill rod 30 to rotate when the detected pressure value reaches a set value.

[0079] Specifically, when the drill bit 4 is blocked by high-hardness geology and the drilling effect is weakened, the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4 and further compresses the elastic component 5, and the upper connector 51 compresses the compression spring 54 downward, and at the same time, the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 contracts downward. The pressure-sensitive sensor can be squeezed during the downward contraction of the upper end of the telescopic rod 55. When the pressure value detected by the pressure-sensitive sensor reaches the set value, it means that the block 41 enters the annular groove 201. At this time, the pressure-sensitive sensor triggers the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 to stop driving the drill rod 30 to rotate, that is, the power-off and stop program is executed, so that the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 stops driving the spline shaft 2 to idle.

[0080] Furthermore, since the pressure-sensitive sensor is disposed inside the telescopic rod 55, signals can be transmitted between the pressure-sensitive sensor and the electric control rotating mechanism 20 by wireless connection. The wireless connection between the sensor and the electric control mechanism is a prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0081] The set value can be stored in the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20. After the detection result of the pressure-sensitive sensor is transmitted to the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20, if the set value is reached, the electric-controlled rotating mechanism 20 executes a power-off and stop procedure.

[0082] In one embodiment, the telescopic rod 55 may include a first telescopic section (not shown) and a second telescopic section (not shown). The second telescopic section is a hollow tube. The upper end of the first telescopic section is fixedly connected to the upper connector 51, and the lower end of the second telescopic section is fixedly connected to the turntable 53. The upper end of the second telescopic section is sleeved on the lower end of the first telescopic section, and the first telescopic section can move up and down relative to the second telescopic section. When the first telescopic section moves downward relative to the second telescopic section, the entire telescopic rod 55 is shortened, and vice versa, the entire telescopic rod 55 is extended.

[0083] The pressure-sensitive sensor is disposed inside the second telescopic section. Thus, during the downward contraction of the upper end of the telescopic rod 55 (i.e., during the downward movement of the first telescopic section relative to the second telescopic section), the lower end of the first telescopic section can squeeze the pressure-sensitive sensor. The pressure-sensitive sensor can be fixed on the inner side wall of the second telescopic section. For example, a mounting bracket can be welded on the inner side wall of the second telescopic section to fix the pressure-sensitive sensor on the mounting bracket.

[0084] In other embodiments, the telescopic rod may be in other forms, such as made of elastic material. The pressure-sensitive sensor is embedded in the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod undergoes elastic deformation during the shortening process, so that the elastic force of the telescopic rod on the pressure-sensitive sensor becomes larger and larger, that is, the pressure-sensitive sensor is subjected to elastic compression.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism further includes an adapter sleeve 1 , an outer tube 3 , and a plurality of grinding blocks 6 disposed on the outer tube 3 .

[0086] The adapter sleeve 1 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod 30, and the adapter sleeve 1 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spline shaft 2. The adapter sleeve 1 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder 3. In this way, when the drill rod 30 rotates, the adapter sleeve 1, the outer cylinder 3, and the spline shaft 2 can be driven to rotate synchronously. For details, please refer to Figure 2 The adapter sleeve 1 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 101 which are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the circumferential direction. Figure 3 The upper end of the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 102 arranged in a circumferential direction in sequence. Bolts can be passed through the first through holes 101 and the second through holes 102, and nuts can be matched with the bolts to lock the adapter sleeve 1 and the outer cylinder 3. The bolts, nuts, first through holes 101, and second through holes 102 correspond to each other one by one. In this way, the outer cylinder 3 can also be removed from the adapter sleeve 1 by removing the nuts and bolts.

[0087] The spline shaft 2 is inserted into the outer cylinder 3. A plurality of grinding blocks 6 surround the outer circumference of the outer cylinder 3 in sequence and at intervals.

[0088] When the drill rod 30 rotates, it can drive the adapter sleeve 1, the outer cylinder 3, and the spline shaft 2 to rotate synchronously. Therefore, when the spline shaft 2 drives the drill bit 4 to drill a hole, the multiple grinding blocks 6 on the outer cylinder 3 can grind the hole wall of the drilled hole at the same time. In this way, when the installation mechanism and the drill bit 4 are moved out above the ground, the hole wall is relatively smooth, which is convenient for removal.

[0089] refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, a plurality of protrusions 601 are provided on the surface of the grinding block 6 facing away from the spline shaft 2. Specifically, the plurality of protrusions 601 are arranged in an array, and the protrusions 601 may be granular friction blocks, so as to facilitate grinding.

[0090] Please combine Figures 5 to 8 In some embodiments, the exploration drilling rig further includes a push rod 61 , a slide rod 62 , and a spring 63 .

[0091] A slide groove is provided inside the grinding block 6, and the push rod 61 is slidably connected to the slide groove along the first direction. The push rod 61 has an inner side surface 611 facing the spline shaft 2 and an outer side surface 612 facing away from the spline shaft 2. The slide groove has an inner groove wall opposite to and in contact with the inner side surface 611 and an outer groove wall in contact with the outer side surface 612.

[0092] Along the direction from top to bottom, the inner side surface 611 is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft 2, and the outer side surface 612 is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft 2. The first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface 611 and the outer side surface 612.

[0093] The upper end of the spring 63 is connected to the top of the slot wall of the slide slot, and the lower end of the spring 63 is connected to the upper end of the push rod 61 .

[0094] The upper end of the drill bit 4 is provided with a circumferential groove 401 around the axis of the spline shaft 2. The lower end of the push rod 61 is fixedly connected to the slide bar 62, and the slide bar 62 is slidably matched with the circumferential groove 401 and can rotate along the circumferential groove 401.

[0095] The outer cylinder 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and a plurality of grinding blocks 6 are arranged in the plurality of mounting grooves one by one. The grinding blocks 6 can move along the radial direction of the spline shaft 2, and can specifically move toward or away from the spline shaft 2.

[0096] In this embodiment, when the block 41 is engaged with the groove 203, the spline shaft 2, the drill bit 4, and the outer cylinder 3 rotate synchronously, so the grinding block 6 on the outer cylinder 3 also rotates synchronously. The push rod 61, the slide bar 62, and the spring 63 rotate synchronously with the grinding block 6. The slide bar 62 and the circumferential groove 401 do not produce relative motion. At this time, the spring 63 is in a compressed state. The slide bar 62 abuts against the bottom of the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401.

[0097] However, when the drill bit 4 drills into high-hardness geology, the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, so that the block 41 enters the annular groove 201. The top of the groove wall of the slide groove presses the spring 63 downward, and the spring 63 is further compressed and shortened. Therefore, the grinding block 6 moves relative to the push rod 61 along the first direction through the sliding fit between the slide groove and the push rod 61.

[0098] Since the inner side surface 611 is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft 2 and the outer side surface 612 is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft 2 from top to bottom, the first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface 611 and the outer side surface 612. Therefore, when the grinding block 6 moves relative to the push rod 61 along the first direction, it moves downward and moves close to the spline shaft 2 at the same time.

[0099] That is, when the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, the grinding block 6 simultaneously moves closer to the spline shaft 2, that is, the position of the grinding block 6 shrinks radially inward along the spline shaft 2 and the outer cylinder 3, thereby increasing the distance between the grinding block 6 and the hole wall. In this way, the installation mechanism and the drill bit 4 can be moved above the ground as a whole quickly and conveniently.

[0100] The drill bit 4 is stuck, and the circumferential groove 401 on the upper end of the drill bit 4 does not move during the idling of the spline shaft 2. The grinding block 6 rotates synchronously with the outer cylinder 3, and the push rod 61 and the slide bar 62 rotate synchronously with the grinding block 6. In this process, the slide bar 62 rotates along the circumferential groove 401, so that the slide bar 62 can rotate relative to the drill bit 4.

[0101] Please combine Figures 6 to 8In some embodiments, the exploration drilling rig further includes a slide plate 64, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod 61, and the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slide bar 62. The side of the slide plate 64 close to the spline shaft 2 is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401, and the side of the slide plate 64 facing away from the spline shaft 2 is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401. The slide plate 64 can rotate synchronously with the slide bar 62 along the circumferential groove 401.

[0102] Compared with not providing the slide plate 64, the present embodiment provides the slide plate 64, the side of the slide plate 64 close to the spline shaft 2 is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401, and the side of the slide plate 64 facing away from the spline shaft 2 is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401, and the slide plate 64 has a larger contact area with the groove wall of the circumferential groove 401, thereby effectively enhancing the shear force resistance effect of the slide bar 62. Specifically, during the process of the slide bar 62 sliding along the circumferential groove 401, that is, during the process of the grinding block 6 grinding the hole, when the grinding block 6 is subjected to a large reverse impact force from the hole wall, the reverse impact force will apply a shear force in the rotation direction to the slide bar 62 through the grinding block 6, and at this time, the slide bar 62 is not easy to be deformed by the shear force and stuck in the circumferential groove 401 due to the effective support from the slide plate 64.

[0103] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism is provided with a plurality of guide grooves, which are arranged in sequence around the axis of the spline shaft 2. Each guide groove passes through the outer circumference of the adapter sleeve 1, the outer circumference of the outer cylinder 3, and the surface of the grinding block 6 facing away from the spline shaft 2.

[0104] Each material guide groove includes a connecting sleeve groove section 102, a grinding block groove section 602, and an outer cylinder groove section 302 that are connected. The connecting sleeve groove section 102 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting sleeve 1, the grinding block groove section 602 is arranged on the surface of the grinding block 6 facing away from the spline shaft 2, and the outer cylinder groove section 302 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3. One end of the connecting sleeve groove section 102 is connected to one end of the outer cylinder groove section 302. The grinding block groove section 602 is located on the extension path of the outer cylinder groove section 302. Both ends of the grinding block groove section 602 are respectively connected to the outer cylinder groove section 302.

[0105] By setting up a material guide trough, the debris generated during the drilling and grinding process can be discharged upward from the material guide trough, reducing the accumulation of debris in the hole, thereby improving the overall exploration drilling efficiency.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 6In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism further includes an elastic damping ring 21, which is sleeved on the spline shaft 2 and located in the annular groove 201. The inner circumferential surface of the elastic damping ring 21 hugs the groove wall of the annular groove 201. The lower side of the elastic damping ring 21 abuts against the upper surface of the block 41. In this way, when the spline shaft 2 moves downward relative to the drill bit 4, the lower side of the elastic damping ring 21 and the upper surface of the block 41 are relatively squeezed, and the elastic damping ring 21 is elastically deformed, thereby being able to play a buffering and protective role on the upper surface of the block 41. The elastic damping ring 21 can be made of an elastic material, such as rubber.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 6 In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism further includes a retaining ring 31, which is sleeved on the spline shaft 2 and located between the outer cylinder 3 and the drill bit 4. The top surface of the retaining ring 31 is in close contact with the lower end surface of the outer cylinder 3, and the inner circumference of the retaining ring 31 is in close contact with the outer circumference of the drill bit 4.

[0108] During the process of drilling with the mounting mechanism and the drill bit 4 rotating together, the retaining ring 31 can prevent the broken stones and broken soil generated by drilling from entering between the outer cylinder 3 and the drill bit 4 .

[0109] The retaining ring 31 can be fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the outer tube 3. The retaining ring 31 and the drill bit 4 can move up and down relatively.

[0110] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 There are multiple vertical grooves 202 and multiple grooves 203. Multiple vertical grooves 202 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spline shaft 2, and multiple grooves 203 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spline shaft 2, and the vertical grooves 202 and the grooves 203 are alternately arranged in sequence. Multiple blocks 41, multiple grooves 203, and multiple vertical grooves 202 are arranged one by one.

[0111] In this way, the multiple blocks 41 cooperate with the multiple grooves 203, so that the spline shaft 2 and the drill bit 4 are reliably connected and the force is balanced. The multiple blocks 41 cooperate with the multiple vertical grooves 202 to move up and down, which is conducive to stable and smooth movement.

[0112] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0113] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An exploration drilling rig, characterized in that: include: A lifting mechanism, an electric-controlled rotating mechanism, a drill rod, a drill bit and an installation mechanism; the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a downwardly sunken hole, and the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a clamping block, and the clamping block is located on the inner circumference of the concave hole; the installation mechanism includes a spline shaft and an elastic component, The upper end of the spline shaft is connected to the lower end of the drill rod, the spline shaft is provided with an annular groove surrounding its outer circumference, the outer circumferential surface of the spline shaft is provided with a vertical groove extending in the vertical direction and a downwardly recessed groove, the upper end of the vertical groove and the upper end of the groove are both communicated with the lower side of the annular groove, and the lower end of the vertical groove passes through the lower end of the spline shaft downward; the vertical groove is used to cooperate with the block to move up and down, the annular groove is used to cooperate with the block to rotate, and the groove is used to engage with the block; The upper end of the elastic component abuts against the lower end of the spline shaft, and the lower end of the elastic component abuts against the bottom of the recessed hole; when the clamping block is engaged with the recessed groove, the elastic component is in a compressed state; when the clamping block is located in the annular groove, the elastic component allows the spline shaft to rotate relative to the drill bit.

2. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component includes: an upper plug-in component, a lower plug-in component, a rotating disk, and a compression spring; The upper end of the upper plug-in component is plugged into the lower end of the spline shaft and can rotate synchronously with the spline shaft; The lower end of the lower plug-in component is plugged into the bottom of the concave hole and can rotate synchronously with the drill bit; The rotating disk is rotatably connected to the lower connector around the axis of the spline shaft; The upper end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the upper plug-in connector, and the lower end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the turntable.

3. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic component also includes a telescopic rod and a pressure-sensitive sensor, the upper end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the upper connector, the lower end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the turntable, and the compression spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod; The pressure-sensitive sensor is placed inside the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod can be extended and retracted up and down, and the pressure-sensitive sensor can be squeezed during the downward contraction of the upper end of the telescopic rod; the pressure-sensitive sensor is configured to trigger the electrically controlled rotation mechanism to stop driving the drill rod to rotate when the detected pressure value reaches a set value.

4. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation mechanism also includes an adapter sleeve, an outer cylinder, and a plurality of grinding blocks arranged on the outer cylinder; The adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drill rod, the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the spline shaft, and the adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer tube; the spline shaft is inserted into the outer tube; and a plurality of grinding blocks are sequentially spaced around the outer circumference of the outer tube.

5. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a push rod, a slide rod, and a spring; a slide groove is provided inside the grinding block, the push rod is slidably connected to the slide groove along a first direction, the push rod has an inner side surface facing the spline shaft and an outer side surface facing away from the spline shaft; the slide groove has an inner groove wall opposite to and in contact with the inner side surface and an outer groove wall in contact with the outer side surface; Along the direction from top to bottom, the inner side surface is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft, and the outer side surface is inclined toward the direction close to the spline shaft; the first direction is the inclination direction of the inner side surface and the outer side surface; The upper end of the spring is connected to the top of the groove wall of the slide groove, and the lower end of the spring is connected to the upper end of the push rod; the upper end of the drill bit is provided with a circumferential groove around the axis of the spline shaft; the lower end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the slide rod, and the slide rod is slidably matched with the circumferential groove and can rotate along the circumferential groove; The outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, and the plurality of grinding blocks are mounted in the plurality of mounting grooves in a one-to-one correspondence, and the grinding blocks can move in a radial direction of the spline shaft toward or away from the spline shaft.

6. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a slide plate, the upper end of the slide plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the push rod, and the lower end of the slide plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slide rod; The side of the slide plate close to the spline shaft is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove, and the side of the slide plate facing away from the spline shaft is in contact with the groove wall of the circumferential groove.

7. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism further comprises a retaining ring, which is sleeved on the spline shaft and located between the outer cylinder and the drill bit; The top surface of the retaining ring is in close contact with the lower end surface of the outer tube, and the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring is in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the drill bit.

8. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism is provided with a plurality of material guide grooves, which are arranged in sequence and at intervals around the axis of the spline shaft; each of the material guide grooves passes through the outer circumference of the adapter sleeve, the outer circumference of the outer cylinder, and the surface of the grinding block facing away from the spline shaft.

9. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of vertical grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spline shaft, the plurality of grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the spline shaft, and the vertical grooves and the grooves are alternately arranged in sequence; the plurality of blocks, the plurality of grooves, and the plurality of vertical grooves are arranged one by one.

10. The exploration drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical groove has two groove walls which are opposite to each other along the circumferential direction of the spline shaft, and damping strips are respectively arranged on the two groove walls; the damping strips on the two groove walls are used for clamping the clamping block.

Images