Device and method for simultaneously measuring detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charge

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for simultaneously determining the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charge, and belongs to the technical field of detonation performance testing of energetic materials. The device comprises a laser, a charging system, a detonation velocity testing system and a detonation pressure testing system, the charging system comprises a charging clamp, a sample containing groove and a sample ring, the sample containing groove is fixed in the charging clamp, and the sample ring is assembled in the sample containing groove; the detonation velocity testing system comprises a probe, a direct-current power supply and an oscilloscope; the detonation pressure testing system comprises an optical fiber and a photon Doppler velocity tester. During use, a to-be-tested sample is pressed into the sample rings, the probe is embedded between the two sample rings, the to-be-tested sample is detonated by using energy provided by the laser, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the to-be-tested sample can be measured at the same time, the sample amount required by a single shot experiment is within 200 mg, and compared with a traditional test method, the sample consumption is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the test safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of detonation performance testing of energetic materials, and specifically relates to a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges. Background Art

[0002] Microscale charge refers to the charge whose size is close to the critical diameter of the explosive and can ensure the stable propagation of its detonation wave. Detonation velocity refers to the speed at which the detonation wave stably propagates in the explosive, and detonation pressure refers to the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) pressure generated by the stable detonation of the explosive. Both are important and intuitive parameters for measuring the performance of explosives and characterizing the detonation process.

[0003] At present, the tests of detonation velocity and pressure of explosives stipulated by the national military standards are all based on conventional explosives, which require a large amount of explosives, have high requirements for the safety protection characteristics of the test environment, and the test equipment is large in size and complex in assembly, requiring a large test site. There are many limitations in the performance testing of some new explosives. For example, the initial production of new explosives is low and cannot meet the test amount requirements, and its various performance parameters are not clear. The risk factor of large-volume test experiments is high and accidents are prone to occur.

[0004] In addition, the existing traditional testing methods mostly conduct explosion velocity and explosion pressure tests separately, and cannot guarantee the consistency of density, porosity and other properties of the samples used in the two tests. Accidental errors have a greater impact on the test results, resulting in low correlation between the measured data, affecting the reliability of the test results. In addition, the sample usage increases exponentially, the test efficiency is low, and unnecessary waste is caused. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Purpose of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges, so that in the detonation performance test of explosives, especially new explosives, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure can be measured simultaneously using an amount of less than 200 mg of explosives, thereby further determining its performance, reducing the amount of explosives used in the measurement process and improving the safety of the test.

[0006] 2. Technical solution In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows: The present application provides a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges, the device comprising: Laser, charge system, detonation velocity test system and detonation pressure test system, in: The charge system includes a charge fixture, a sample holding tank, a PC window, a sample ring and a LiF window coated with an Al film, wherein: The charging fixture comprises a first clamping part and a second clamping part, the centers of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and the opposite surfaces of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove; The sample holding tank is a circular cylinder with openings at both ends and one side; The PC transparent window is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding tank; The sample ring is a circular cylinder with a probe groove, and its outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding groove; the probe groove is engraved on one side of the sample ring to ensure a tight fit between the probe and the sample surface, and between the sample surface of a single sample ring; The PC transparent window, a plurality of sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film are sequentially assembled in the sample holding slot, the sample holding slot is located in the first groove and the second groove of the charge clamp, so that the sample holding slot is fixed to the charge clamp, the centers of the first through hole, the sample holding slot and the second through hole are located on the same straight line, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part are fixedly connected; the PC transparent window plays a front end constraint role, and the LiF window coated with Al film is used to reflect the light signal directed to the interface between the explosive and the window; The detonation velocity test system includes a probe, a DC power supply oscilloscope, and: The probe is assembled in the probe slot, and the end point is set at the center of the sample ring 9, leading out through the side opening of the sample holding slot, and forming a detonation velocity test circuit with the DC power supply and the oscilloscope; The explosion pressure test system includes optical fiber and photon Doppler velocity tester, among which: The optical fiber is arranged in the second through hole and connected to the photon Doppler velocity tester to output a signal to the photon Doppler velocity tester.

[0007] Furthermore, the above-mentioned laser adopts Nd:YAG solid laser.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the sample holding groove is 14 mm to 16 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the PC transparent window is 3mm~6mm: Furthermore, the inner diameter of the sample ring is 2 mm to 5 mm, and the thickness is 1 mm to 2 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the above-mentioned sample rings are provided in plurality, and their total (charged) length is 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, 3 to 5 sample rings are provided.

[0012] Furthermore, the sample ring is made of 316 stainless steel.

[0013] Furthermore, the depth×width dimensions of the probe groove are 0.2 mm×0.4 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the Al film in the Al-coated LiF window is 300 μm to 700 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the length of the LiF window coated with the Al film is 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion are fixedly connected by screws.

[0017] Furthermore, the probe is composed of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the above-mentioned DC power supply is a constant voltage source, which stably outputs a voltage of 3 V. Its function is to provide a stable voltage within the voltage range (less than 5 V) that the oscilloscope can withstand to the detonation velocity test circuit, thereby ensuring the stability of the rising edge of the voltage signal collected by the oscilloscope.

[0019] The present application also provides the use of the above-mentioned device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges in measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

[0020] Furthermore, the above applications include: S1: Select a sample ring with a suitable inner diameter according to the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe groove of the sample ring; S4: assembling the PC window, a plurality of sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in the sample holding tank in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank in the charging fixture; S5: Use the energy output by the laser to detonate the sample to be tested. S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: The plasma generated after the explosion of a single sample ring will conduct the probes installed on each sample ring, and after forming a closed loop with the oscilloscope and the DC power supply, a corresponding voltage signal will be generated on the oscilloscope. According to the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1):

[0021] Where: D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring, in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference, in ms; Explosion Pressure: First, the optical signal generated after the explosion of the sample to be tested in a single sample ring is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity tester through the second through hole of the charge fixture by the optical fiber. After short-time Fourier transform and other processing, the interface apparent particle velocity curve is obtained, and the interface apparent particle velocity u0 is obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film is corrected to obtain the interface real particle velocity u. After the explosion of the sample to be tested, a detonation wave is generated to impact the Al film of the LiF window. Due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the laser reflected by the Al film will change. The photon Doppler velocity measurement system is used to measure the frequency difference between the incident laser and the reflected laser, and the interface particle velocity history between the explosive and the window, that is, the interface apparent particle velocity curve, can be obtained. Because the emissivity of the LiF window coated with Al film will change under the action of the shock wave, thereby introducing an additional Doppler frequency shift, it is necessary to correct the experimentally measured apparent particle velocity u0 according to formula (2) to obtain the real particle velocity u:

[0022] Where: u is the real particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s.

[0023] Secondly, the impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the explosion pressure of the explosive reaction zone. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring is stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted and the sample explosion pressure P is calculated according to formula (3):

[0024] Where: P is the sample explosion pressure, unit Pa; u is the interface real particle velocity, unit m / s; D is the explosion velocity, unit m / s; is the LiF window density coated with Al film, take ; is the compression density of the sample to be tested, in units ; and is the Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film, and , .

[0025] Furthermore, the density of the sample to be tested after the above pressing is 70% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

[0026] Furthermore, the density of the sample to be tested after the above pressing is 80% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

[0027] Furthermore, the density of the sample to be tested after the above pressing is 85% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

[0028] The present application also provides a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale charge, which is performed using the above-mentioned device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a microscale charge, and specifically includes: S1: Select a sample ring with a suitable inner diameter according to the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe groove of the sample ring; S4: assembling the PC window, a plurality of sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in the sample holding tank in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank in the charging fixture; S5: Use the energy output by the laser to detonate the sample to be tested. S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: The plasma generated after the explosion of a single sample ring will conduct the probes installed on each sample ring, and after forming a closed loop with the oscilloscope and the DC power supply, a corresponding voltage signal will be generated on the oscilloscope. According to the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1):

[0029] Where: D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring, in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference, in ms; Explosion Pressure: First, the optical signal generated after the explosion of the sample to be tested in a single sample ring is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity tester through the second through hole of the charge fixture by the optical fiber. After short-time Fourier transform and other processing, the interface apparent particle velocity curve is obtained, and the interface apparent particle velocity u0 is obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film is corrected to obtain the interface real particle velocity u. After the explosion of the sample to be tested, a detonation wave is generated to impact the Al film of the LiF window. Due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the laser reflected by the Al film will change. The photon Doppler velocity measurement system is used to measure the frequency difference between the incident laser and the reflected laser, and the interface particle velocity history between the explosive and the window, that is, the interface apparent particle velocity curve, can be obtained. Because the emissivity of the LiF window coated with Al film will change under the action of the shock wave, thereby introducing an additional Doppler frequency shift, it is necessary to correct the experimentally measured apparent particle velocity u0 according to formula (2) to obtain the real particle velocity u:

[0030] Where: u is the real particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s.

[0031] Secondly, the impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the explosion pressure of the explosive reaction zone. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring is stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted and the sample explosion pressure P is calculated according to formula (3):

[0032] Where: P is the sample explosion pressure, unit Pa; u is the interface real particle velocity, unit m / s; D is the explosion velocity, unit m / s; is the LiF window density coated with Al film, take ; is the compression density of the sample to be tested, in units ; and is the Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film, and , .

[0033] Furthermore, the density of the sample to be tested after the above pressing is 70% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

[0034] Furthermore, the density of the sample to be tested after the above pressing is 80% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

[0035] Furthermore, the density of the sample to be tested after the above pressing is 85% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

[0036] 3. Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: (1) This application provides a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges. The applicable sample charge is less than 200 mg. Compared with the test method mentioned in the national military standard, the amount of drugs used is greatly reduced, which greatly reduces the burden of drugs. At the same time, the test under the condition of microscale charge also greatly improves the test safety.

[0037] (2) The present application provides a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges. Compared with the detonation velocity and detonation pressure test experimental devices mentioned in the national military standard, the device is simpler, has a lower processing cost, and the overall experimental device is smaller in size, and has lower requirements on the safety protection characteristics of the test environment and the size of the site.

[0038] (3) The present application provides a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges, which can simultaneously measure the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the sample, reduce the number of experiments, and improve the test efficiency and the correlation of the test data.

[0039] (4) The present application provides a device and method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges. The particle velocity is measured with high accuracy and small error by a photon Doppler velocimeter (PDV), and the detonation pressure is then calculated. The test results are highly repeatable and reproducible. In addition, due to the propagation characteristics of the detonation wave, the circumferential detonation wave of the charge is greatly affected by the lateral rarefaction wave. The detonation velocity test probe of the present application is located in the center of the charge, and the measured detonation velocity will be more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the charging fixture.

[0042] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sample holding tank.

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a single sample ring with probe grooves (left) and a single sample ring equipped with probes and samples (right).

[0044] Figure 5 This is the trigger signal diagram of the TNT sample probe.

[0045] Figure 6 This is the apparent particle velocity history diagram of the TNT sample interface (original image data).

[0046] Figure 7 This is the curve of apparent particle velocity at the TNT sample interface.

[0047] Figure 8 This is the trigger signal diagram of the CL-20 sample probe.

[0048] Fig. 9 This is the apparent particle velocity history diagram of the CL-20 sample interface (original image data).

[0049] Fig.10 This is the apparent particle velocity curve of the CL-20 sample interface.

[0050] Description of reference numerals: 1-oscilloscope, 2-charging fixture, 3-sample holding slot, 4-photon Doppler velocity tester, 5-LiF window coated with Al film, 6-PC transparent window, 7-laser, 8-optical fiber, 9-sample ring, 10-probe, 11-DC power supply, 12-probe slot, 13-sample, 211-first clamping part, 221-second clamping part, 212-first through hole, 222-second through hole, 213-first groove, 223-second groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present application is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of this application without substantially changing the technical content.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0054] If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0055] As used herein, the term "about" is used to provide flexibility and imprecision associated with a given term, measurement or value. The degree of flexibility for a particular variable can be easily determined by one skilled in the art. As used herein, the term "at least one of" is intended to be synonymous with "one or more of." For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" expressly includes only A, only B, only C, and combinations of each thereof. Density, amount and other numerical data can be presented in range format herein.It should be understood that such range format is used only for convenience and brevity, and should be flexibly interpreted as not only including the numerical value clearly stated as the range limit, but also including all individual numerical values ​​or sub-ranges contained in the range, just as each numerical value and sub-range are clearly stated.For example, the numerical range of about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted as not only including the limit value of 1 to about 4.5 clearly stated, but also including individual numbers (such as 2,3,4) and sub-ranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.).The same principle applies to the range of only narrating a numerical value, such as "less than about 4.5", which should be interpreted as including all the above-mentioned values ​​and ranges.In addition, no matter how wide the described range or feature is, this interpretation should be applied.

[0056] Example 1 This embodiment provides a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

[0057] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a laser 7, a charge system, a detonation velocity test system and a detonation pressure test system, wherein: The charging system includes a charging fixture 2, a sample holding tank 3, a PC transparent window 6, a sample ring 9 and a LiF window 5 coated with an Al film, wherein: The charging fixture 2 includes a first clamping portion 211 and a second clamping portion 221. The centers of the first clamping portion 211 and the second clamping portion 221 are respectively provided with a first through hole 212 and a second through hole 222. The opposite surfaces of the first clamping portion 211 and the second clamping portion 221 are respectively provided with a first groove 213 and a second groove 223. The sample holding tank 3 is a circular cylinder with openings at both ends and one side, and its length is 14 mm to 16 mm; The PC transparent window 6 is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding tank 3, and its length is 3 mm to 6 mm; The sample ring 9 is a circular cylinder with a probe groove 12, whose outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding groove 3, whose inner diameter is 2 mm to 5 mm, and whose thickness is 1 mm to 2 mm. A plurality of the sample rings are provided, and their total (charged) length is 3 mm to 10 mm; the depth × width dimensions of the probe groove 12 are 0.2 mm × 0.4 mm; the sample ring 9 is made of 316 stainless steel; In the Al-film-coated LiF window 5, the Al film thickness is 300 μm to 700 μm, and the length is 3 mm to 5 mm; The PC transparent window 6, a plurality of sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film are sequentially assembled in the sample holding slot 3, and the sample holding slot 3 is located in the first groove 213 and the second groove 223 of the charge fixture 2, so that the sample holding slot 3 is fixed to the charge fixture 2; the centers of the first through hole 212, the sample holding slot 3 and the second through hole 222 are located on the same straight line; the first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are fixedly connected (such as screws); the PC transparent window 6 plays a front end constraint role, and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film is used to reflect the light signal directed to the interface between the explosive and the window; The detonation velocity test system comprises a probe 10, a DC power supply 11 and an oscilloscope 1, wherein: The probe 10 consists of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm; The DC power supply 11 is a constant voltage source, which stably outputs a voltage of 3 V. Its function is to provide a stable voltage within the voltage range (less than 5 V) that the oscilloscope 1 can withstand to the detonation velocity test circuit, thereby ensuring the stability of the rising edge of the voltage signal collected by the oscilloscope 1; The probe 10 is assembled in the probe slot 12, and the end point is set at the center of the sample ring 9, leading out through the side opening of the sample holding slot 3, and forming a detonation velocity test circuit with the DC power supply 11 and the oscilloscope 1; The explosion pressure test system includes an optical fiber 8 and a photon Doppler velocity tester 4, wherein: The optical fiber 8 is disposed in the second through hole 222 and connected to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 to output signals to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 .

[0058] Example 2 This embodiment provides an application of the device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge provided in Embodiment 1, that is, a method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge. Specifically, it includes: S1: Select a sample ring 9 with a suitable inner diameter according to the critical diameter of the sample 13 to be tested; S2: Press the sample 13 to be tested into the sample ring 9; the density of the sample to be tested after pressing is 80% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested; S3: Assemble the probe 10 into the probe groove 12 of the sample ring 9, and the probe end point is located at the center of the sample ring 9; S4: assembling the PC transparent window 6, a plurality of sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film in the sample holding tank 3 in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank 3 in the drug loading fixture 2; S5: using the energy output by the laser 7 to detonate the sample 13 to be tested; S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: The plasma generated after the explosion of a single sample ring 9 will conduct the probe 10 installed on each sample ring 9, and after forming a closed loop together with the oscilloscope 1 and the DC power supply 11, a corresponding voltage signal will be generated on the oscilloscope 1. According to the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of the single sample ring 9, the detonation velocity D of the single sample ring sample 13 can be calculated according to formula (1):

[0059] Where: D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring, in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference, in ms; Explosion Pressure: First, the optical signal generated after the explosion of the sample 13 to be tested in the single sample ring 9 is transmitted from the optical fiber 8 to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 through the second through hole 222 of the charge fixture 2. After the short-time Fourier transform and other processing, the interface apparent particle velocity curve is obtained, and the interface apparent particle velocity u0 is obtained. According to formula (2), the refractive index of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film is corrected to obtain the interface real particle velocity u. After the explosion of the sample 13 to be tested, a detonation wave is generated to impact the Al film of the LiF window. Due to the Doppler effect, the frequency of the laser reflected by the Al film will change. The frequency difference between the incident laser and the reflected laser is measured by the photon Doppler velocity measurement system to obtain the interface particle velocity history between the explosive and the window, that is, the interface apparent particle velocity curve. Because the refractive index of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film will change under the action of the shock wave, thereby introducing an additional Doppler frequency shift, it is necessary to correct the experimentally measured apparent particle velocity u0 according to formula (2) to obtain the real particle velocity u:

[0060] Where: u is the real particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s.

[0061] Secondly, the impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the explosion pressure of the explosive reaction zone. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring is stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted and the sample explosion pressure P is calculated according to formula (3):

[0062] Where: P is the sample explosion pressure, unit Pa; u is the interface real particle velocity, unit m / s; D is the explosion velocity, unit m / s; is the LiF window density coated with Al film, take ; is the compression density of the sample to be tested, in units ; and is the Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film, and , .

[0063] Example 3 This embodiment provides a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

[0064] Reference Example 1 and Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of a micro-scale charge comprises a laser 7, a charge system, a detonation velocity test system and a detonation pressure test system, wherein: Laser 7 is a Nd:YAG solid laser; The charging system includes a charging fixture 2, a sample holding tank 3, a PC transparent window 6, a sample ring 9 and a LiF window 5 coated with an Al film, wherein: The charging fixture 2 includes a first clamping portion 211 and a second clamping portion 221. The centers of the first clamping portion 211 and the second clamping portion 221 are respectively provided with a first through hole 212 and a second through hole 222. The opposite surfaces of the first clamping portion 211 and the second clamping portion 221 are respectively provided with a first groove 213 and a second groove 223. The sample holding tank 3 is a circular cylinder with openings at both ends and one side, and its length is 15.5 mm. The length of the sample holding tank is slightly smaller than the sum of the total length of the PC transparent window 6, the total (charge) length, and the total length of the LiF window 5 coated with an Al film, so as to ensure that each sample ring 9 is in close contact when clamped by the charge clamp 2. The PC transparent window 6 is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding tank 3, and its length is 6 mm; The sample ring 9 is a circular cylinder with a probe groove 12, whose outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding groove 3, the inner diameter is 2 mm to 5 mm, the thickness is 1.5 mm, and 4 are provided, and the total (charged) length is 6 mm; the depth × width dimensions of the probe groove 12 are 0.2 mm × 0.4 mm; the sample ring 9 is made of 316 stainless steel; In the Al-film-coated LiF window 5, the Al film thickness is 500 μm and its length is 4 mm; The PC transparent window 6, a plurality of sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film are sequentially assembled in the sample holding slot 3, and the sample holding slot 3 is located in the first groove 213 and the second groove 223 of the charge fixture 2, so that the sample holding slot 3 is fixed to the charge fixture 2; the centers of the first through hole 212, the sample holding slot 3 and the second through hole 222 are located on the same straight line; the first clamping part 211 and the second clamping part 221 are fixedly connected (such as screws); the PC transparent window 6 plays a front end constraint role, and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film is used to reflect the light signal directed to the interface between the explosive and the window; The detonation velocity test system comprises a probe 10, a DC power supply 11 and an oscilloscope 1, wherein: The probe 10 consists of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm; The DC power supply 11 is a constant voltage source; The probe 10 is assembled in the probe groove 12, and the end point is set at the center of the sample ring 9, leading out through the side opening of the sample holding groove 3, and forming a detonation velocity test circuit with the DC power supply 11 and the oscilloscope 1 (manufacturer: Tektronix; model: DPO 7104); The explosion pressure test system includes an optical fiber 8 and a photon Doppler velocity tester 4, wherein: The optical fiber 8 (manufacturer: OZ OPTICS; model: LPF-01-1550-9) is disposed in the second through hole 222 and connected to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 to output a signal to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 .

[0065] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

[0066] In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), that is, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are measured simultaneously.

[0067] In this embodiment, the method is based on a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges in Embodiment 3.

[0068] Specifically include: S1: Considering the critical diameter of TNT, in this embodiment, a sample ring 9 with an inner diameter of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 6 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm is selected, and a total of 4 sample rings are set, and the total (charged) length is 6 mm; S2: Press the sample TNT to be tested into the sample ring 9, and the pressing density is 1.62±0.02 g / cm 3 , the total sample amount was 68.7 mg; S3: Assemble four probes 10 into the probe grooves 12 of four sample rings 9, with the end points of the probes 12 being located at the center of the sample rings 9; S4: assembling the PC transparent window 6, four sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film in the sample holding tank 3 in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank 3 in the drug loading fixture 2; S5: using the energy output by the laser 7 to detonate the TNT sample to be tested; S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: After the sample is detonated, the plasma generated by the explosion of a single sample ring 9 will conduct the probe 10 installed on each sample ring 9, and after forming a closed loop together with the oscilloscope 1 and the DC power supply 11, a corresponding voltage signal will be generated on the oscilloscope 1. The obtained oscilloscope probe signal trigger curve is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 ; By the attached Figure 5 It can be seen that: t1=-9.8 ns, t2=199.4 ns, t3=395.8 ns, t4=591.8 ns, where t n represents the trigger time of the nth channel; given that the sample ring thickness a=1.5 mm, according to formula (1), it can be calculated that: D1=7170 m / s, D2=7637 m / s, D3= 7653 m / s, where: Dn It indicates the explosion speed of the nth sample ring starting from the probe of channel 1; Explosion Pressure: The light signal generated after the explosion of a single sample ring 9 is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 through the second through hole 222 of the charge fixture by the optical fiber 8. The interface apparent particle velocity curve is obtained by short-time Fourier transform and other processing. The obtained interface apparent particle velocity curve (original image data) is shown in the attached Figure 6 The apparent particle velocity curve of the sample interface is shown in the attached Figure 7 , obtain the interface apparent particle velocity u0, and correct the refractive index of the Al-coated LiF window 5 according to formula (2) to obtain the interface real particle velocity u; By the attached Figure 7 It can be seen that the CJ point velocity of the particle on the sample surface is u 0CJ =1280 m / s. According to formula (2), the actual interface particle CJ velocity u of the sample can be calculated. CJ =1010 m / s; The impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the explosion pressure of the explosive reaction zone. From the above calculation, it can be seen that the sample ring before the third sample ring maintains a stable detonation velocity, which can be considered to have reached a stable detonation. Taking the detonation velocity D = 7653 m / s as the input, according to formula (3), the microscale explosion pressure of the TNT sample P = 15.0 GPa can be calculated.

[0069] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

[0070] In this embodiment, the sample to be tested is hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), that is, the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) are measured simultaneously.

[0071] Reference Example 4 specifically includes: S1: Considering the critical diameter of CL-20, this embodiment selects a sample ring 9 with an inner diameter of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 6 mm, and a thickness of 1.5 mm, and a total of 4 sample rings are set, and the total (charged) length is 6 mm; S2: Press the sample CL-20 to be tested into the sample ring, and the pressing density is 1.81±0.02 g / cm 3 , the total sample amount was 76.8 mg; S3: Assemble four probes 10 into the probe grooves 12 of four sample rings 9, with the end points of the probes 12 being located at the center of the sample rings 9; S4: assembling the PC transparent window 6, four sample rings 9 and the LiF window 5 coated with Al film in the sample holding tank 3 in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank 3 in the drug loading fixture 2; S5: using the energy output by the laser 7 to detonate the sample CL-20 to be tested; S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: After the sample is detonated, the plasma generated by the explosion of a single sample ring 9 will conduct the probe 10 installed on each sample ring 9, and after forming a closed loop together with the oscilloscope 1 and the DC power supply 11, a corresponding voltage signal will be generated on the oscilloscope 1. The obtained oscilloscope probe signal trigger curve is shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 ; By the attached Figure 8 It can be seen that: t1=-30.4 ns, t2=194.6 ns, t3=371.4 ns, t4=547.8 ns, where t n represents the trigger time of the nth channel; given that the sample ring thickness a=1.5 mm, according to formula (1), it can be calculated that: D1=6667 m / s, D2=8484 m / s, D3= 8503 m / s, where: D n It indicates the explosion speed of the nth sample ring starting from the probe of channel 1; Explosion Pressure: The light signal generated after the explosion of a single sample ring 9 is transmitted to the photon Doppler velocity tester 4 through the second through hole 222 of the charge fixture by the optical fiber 8. The interface apparent particle velocity curve is obtained by short-time Fourier transform and other processing. The obtained interface apparent particle velocity curve (original image data) is shown in the attached Fig. 9 The apparent particle velocity curve of the sample interface is shown in the attached Fig.10 , obtain the interface apparent particle velocity u0, and correct the refractive index of the Al-coated LiF window 5 according to formula (2) to obtain the interface real particle velocity u; By the attached Fig.10 It can be seen that the CJ point velocity of the particle on the sample surface is u 0CJ =1522 m / s. According to formula (2), the actual interface particle CJ velocity u of the sample can be calculated. CJ =1201 m / s; The impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the explosion pressure in the explosive reaction zone. From the above calculation, it can be seen that the sample ring before the third sample ring maintains a stable detonation velocity, which can be considered to have reached a stable detonation. Taking the detonation velocity D = 8503 m / s as the input, according to formula (3), the microscale explosion pressure of the CL-20 sample P = 20.0 GPa can be calculated.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any changes and changes made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges, characterized in that: The device comprises: Laser, charge system, detonation velocity test system and detonation pressure test system, in: The charge system includes a charge fixture, a sample holding tank, a PC window, a sample ring and a LiF window coated with an Al film, wherein: The charging fixture comprises a first clamping part and a second clamping part, the centers of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and the opposite surfaces of the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove; The sample holding tank is a circular cylinder with openings at both ends and one side; The PC transparent window is cylindrical and its diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding tank; The sample ring is a circular cylinder with a probe groove, and its outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the sample holding groove; the probe groove is engraved on one side of the sample ring to ensure a tight fit between the probe and the sample surface, and between the sample surface of a single sample ring; The PC transparent window, a plurality of sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film are sequentially assembled in the sample holding slot, the sample holding slot is located in the first groove and the second groove of the charge clamp, so that the sample holding slot is fixed to the charge clamp, the centers of the first through hole, the sample holding slot and the second through hole are located on the same straight line, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part are fixedly connected; the PC transparent window plays a front end constraint role, and the LiF window coated with Al film is used to reflect the light signal directed to the interface between the explosive and the window; The detonation velocity test system includes a probe, a DC power supply oscilloscope, and: The probe is assembled in the probe slot, led out through the side opening of the sample holding slot, and forms a detonation velocity test circuit with a DC power supply and an oscilloscope; The explosion pressure test system includes optical fiber and photon Doppler velocity tester, among which: The optical fiber is arranged in the second through hole and connected to the photon Doppler velocity tester to output a signal to the photon Doppler velocity tester.

2. The device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the sample holding groove is 14 mm to 16 mm; and / or the thickness of the sample ring is 1 mm to 2 mm.

3. The device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total length of the sample ring is 3 mm to 10 mm.

4. The device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the sample ring is 2 mm to 5 mm.

5. A device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The probe groove has a depth×width dimension of 0.2 mm×0.4 mm, and the probe is composed of two enameled copper wires with a diameter of 0.2 mm.

6. The device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the Al film in the LiF window coated with the Al film is 300 μm-700 μm.

7. Use of the device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 in measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The application comprises the following steps: S1: Select a sample ring with a suitable inner diameter according to the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe groove of the sample ring, and set the end point at the center of the sample ring 9; S4: assembling the PC window, a plurality of sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in the sample holding tank in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank in the charging fixture; S5: Use the energy output by the laser to detonate the sample to be tested. S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: According to the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1): Where: D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring, in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference, in ms; Explosion Pressure: The photon Doppler velocity tester is used to obtain the interface apparent particle velocity curve through short-time Fourier transform processing, and the interface apparent particle velocity u0 is obtained. The refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film is corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the interface real particle velocity u: Where: u is the real particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s. The impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring is stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted and the sample detonation pressure P is calculated according to formula (3): Where: P is the sample explosion pressure, unit Pa; u is the interface real particle velocity, unit m / s; D is the explosion velocity, unit m / s; is the LiF window density coated with Al film, take ; is the compression density of the sample to be tested, in units ; and is the Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film, and , .

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The density of the sample to be tested after pressing is 70% to 98% of the theoretical density of the sample to be tested.

10. A method for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of micro-scale charges, characterized in that: The method is based on a device for simultaneously measuring the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of microscale charges as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and specifically comprises: S1: Select a sample ring with a suitable inner diameter according to the critical diameter of the sample to be tested; S2: Press the sample to be tested into the sample ring; S3: Assemble the probe into the probe groove of the sample ring, and set the end point at the center of the sample ring 9; S4: assembling the PC window, a plurality of sample rings and the LiF window coated with Al film in the sample holding tank in sequence, and fixing the sample holding tank in the charging fixture; S5: Use the energy output by the laser to detonate the sample to be tested. S6: Calculation of detonation velocity and pressure Explosive speed: According to the time difference Δt of the voltage signals of each channel and the thickness a of a single sample ring, the detonation velocity D of a single sample ring can be calculated according to formula (1): Where: D is the detonation velocity, in m / s; a is the thickness of a single sample ring, in mm; Δt is the oscilloscope signal time difference, in ms; Explosion Pressure: The photon Doppler velocity tester is used to obtain the interface apparent particle velocity curve through short-time Fourier transform processing, and the interface apparent particle velocity u0 is obtained. The refractive index of the LiF window coated with Al film is corrected according to formula (2) to obtain the interface real particle velocity u: Where: u is the real particle velocity at the interface, in m / s; u0 is the apparent particle velocity at the interface, in m / s. The impact impedance matching method is used to calculate the detonation pressure of the explosive reaction zone. When the detonation velocity of a sample ring is stable with that of the previous sample ring, it is considered to have reached a stable detonation. The detonation velocity D is substituted and the sample detonation pressure P is calculated according to formula (3): Where: P is the sample explosion pressure, unit Pa; u is the interface real particle velocity, unit m / s; D is the explosion velocity, unit m / s; is the LiF window density coated with Al film, take ; is the compression density of the sample to be tested, in units ; and is the Hugoniot parameter of the LiF window 5 coated with Al film, and , .

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