Equipment and method for managing borrowed keys of transformer substation

Abstract

The invention discloses equipment and a method for managing borrowed keys of a transformer substation. An intelligent key box comprises a camera module, a two-dimensional code module, a lock control module, an embedded controller, a display screen, input equipment, a network communication module, a local server, a cloud server and mobile equipment, the camera module, the two-dimensional code module, the lock control module, the display screen, the input device and the network communication module are connected with the embedded controller, the network communication module is in communication connection with the local server and the cloud server and carries out data interaction, and the mobile device is in wireless communication with the cloud server. The off-line management method improves the reliability of the key box, and ensures that the key can be borrowed under the condition that the intelligent key box operates in an off-line manner; according to the on-line management method, the efficiency of transformer substation borrowing key management is improved, the traditional key borrowing process of on-site paper key information filling and on-site examination and approval of operation and maintenance personnel is changed, and the time is reduced to 2 minutes from original average 30 minutes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device and a method for managing external key lending in a transformer substation, belonging to the technical field of transformer substation equipment. Background Art

[0002] The current technical substation key box management methods are as follows:

[0003] Patent document 1: CN115631554A An authorized key management device, system and method; the invention discloses an authorized key management device, system and method. The device includes: a box, a REID reader, a signal transmission unit and a processor; a display panel, an application button and an input button are arranged on the outside of the box; the application button is used to send a first application signal for unlocking to the processor based on the trigger of the first user; the processor is used to send a borrowing signal of the authorized key to the background server through the signal transmission unit based on the first application signal; the display panel is used to display the first temporary password sent by the background server based on the borrowing signal; the input button is used to input the first temporary password; the REID reader is used to identify the tag information of the authorized key taken, and send the tag information of the authorized key to the background server through the processor. The implementation of this scheme realizes the convenience of management methods such as borrowing of substation authorized keys, and standardizes the management methods of substation authorized keys.

[0004] Patent Document 2: CN116543479A Intelligent unlocking authorization method for power distribution network based on task and management safety; The invention discloses an intelligent unlocking authorization method for power distribution network based on task and management safety, including the following steps: S1. Collection of distribution network unlocking authorization application scenarios, building a distribution network unlocking authorization application scenario model according to the application scenario business elements, and formulating application scenario rules; S2. Refined management of the power distribution network ledger, introducing the account change and account cancellation of lock keys into the process engine management; S3. Full process monitoring of distribution network unlocking authorization tasks, through full node monitoring of unlocking authorization tasks, strategy analysis runs through the entire unlocking authorization task operation; S4. Visual display of unlocking authorization based on map layers, and unlocking authorization task scenario operations through visual guidance of map layers. The present invention supports multiple scenarios of distribution network unlocking authorization, monitors the entire process from pre-planning, in-process supervision, and post-analysis of authorization to unlocking, ensures the improvement of the intelligent operation level of on-site operators, and displays multi-dimensional visualization effects based on information on map layers.

[0005] Patent document three: CN117576807A A substation intelligent lock management system; the invention discloses a substation intelligent lock management system, including a management workstation for background management; a cloud server for storing information; a communication host for communication between the management workstation and a computer key; a computer key for reading the identity identification code of the intelligent lock, controlling the opening of the authorized intelligent lock and automatically recording the unlocking information; a face recognition device for automatically identifying the identity of the on-site personnel and controlling the unlocking of the intelligent lock; a wireless data terminal for collecting door magnetic signals and transmitting them back to the cloud server, for receiving the unlocking command from the cloud server and controlling the unlocking of the intelligent lock; a door magnetic for real-time detection of the door opening and closing status; a smart lock for unlocking after receiving the unlocking command from the computer key, the face recognition device and the wireless data terminal; the invention is in line with the current development trend of intelligent power system, is conducive to improving the working efficiency of substation staff, is conducive to improving the monitoring of the gate control status of the substation by the background personnel, and ensures the safe and normal operation of the substation.

[0006] Patent document 4: CN103544758A A substation lock control management system and method; The invention discloses a substation lock control management system and method, the system comprising: an access control master, a smart key and a transmission / charging adapter, the access control master is provided with a distribution map of the substation and the use authority of the staff, the smart key is provided with all the operation authorities of the staff, and is used to receive the operation tasks of the access control master, and select the corresponding key to unlock according to the received operation tasks, so that the staff can enter the operation interface of the access control master according to their own operation authority, select the device to be unlocked, and form the operation tasks one by one, send them to the smart key, and use the smart key to unlock the device to be unlocked in the substation, thereby realizing unified management of all locks in the substation, avoiding the situation where the lock key cannot be found during large-scale operations such as pre-testing in the substation, and reducing the difficulties of electrical switching operations and daily inspections.

[0007] With the continuous expansion of outsourcing of substation operation and maintenance services, the supervision and management of outsourced units entering and exiting the substation gate and after entering the station is becoming more and more important. It is imperative to improve the lean management level of the substation outsourcing team. However, the current key box has the following limitations:

[0008] 1. The existing key box requires manual paper records of the borrower, returner, borrowing time, and return time when borrowing and returning substation keys. Information such as the borrowing unit and borrower qualifications is not included. The borrowing record is too simple, which is not conducive to the statistics of substation loan keys and is not convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to manage substation loan keys;

[0009] 2. The duration of the substation key loan is not standardized, and there are situations where the work is completed but the keys are not returned for a long time and the operation and maintenance personnel are not aware of them;

[0010] 3. The borrowing of substation keys is not linked to the substation on-site work ticket, resulting in the situation of entering the substation without a ticket and working without a ticket;

[0011] 4. There are situations where the substation loaner keys are lost or keys are mistakenly entered into non-working areas. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for managing external key of a substation, which adopts an Internet of Things smart key box with a camera device for collecting work ticket information, registering information of key borrowers, taking face photos, etc. The Internet of Things key box analysis system can bind the work location, working hours, and key borrower information of the work ticket to form a record of external key borrowing of each substation, and authorize borrowing through SMS, card swiping and other methods, and can urge the return of keys through SMS. At the same time, a credit and safety evaluation report for each user unit can be formed through the analysis of the borrowing and returning records, so as to improve the lean management level of the substation construction team; the positioning function of the Internet of Things smart key box can realize real-time positioning of keys, which is used for key search, patrol integrity judgment, safety inspection and other applications.

[0013] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0014] A device for managing keys loaned out of a substation, wherein the intelligent key box comprises a camera module, a QR code module, a lock control module, an embedded controller, a display screen and an input device, a network communication module, a local server, a cloud server and a mobile device; the camera module, the QR code module, the lock control module, the display screen and the input device, and the network communication module are connected to the embedded controller, the network communication module is connected to the local server and the cloud server for communication and data exchange, and the mobile device communicates wirelessly with the cloud server.

[0015] A method for managing substation key lending, wherein the key lending process includes an offline management method and an online management method.

[0016] Offline management method:

[0017] The key borrower uses the camera module of the smart key box to identify and extract the work ticket and personnel information. The embedded controller processes the image signal and transmits it to the local server, which generates a borrowing request for approval by the key manager.

[0018] After approval, the embedded controller sends an unlocking command to the lock control module, unlocks the designated corresponding key bolt, and the key borrower takes out the key;

[0019] The borrowing information is uploaded to the local server through the network communication module for recording. After the network is restored, the local server will synchronize the key borrowing information to the cloud server;

[0020] Online management method:

[0021] 1) The person borrowing the key obtains the work ticket and personnel information through the WeChat applet or program, submits the information to the cloud server, generates a borrowing application, and submits it to the management staff for review;

[0022] 2) After receiving the WeChat Mini Program or program borrowing application request, the administrator will review the borrowing application;

[0023] 3) When the administrator rejects the borrowing application and informs the reason, the cloud server notifies the borrower that the application has not been approved and informs the reason for the failure;

[0024] 4) When the administrator approves the borrowing application, the cloud server verifies the information, generates a QR code after approval, and pushes it to the person who borrows the key;

[0025] The person who borrows the key scans the QR code generated by the WeChat applet through the QR code module on the smart key box. After the embedded controller verifies the QR code, it controls the lock control module to unlock the door, and the person who borrows the key takes out the key.

[0026] The borrowed information is uploaded to the server and the operation log is recorded;

[0027] Key return process:

[0028] When the person who borrowed the key returns the key, the embedded controller verifies the return operation;

[0029] The embedded controller completes the locking through the lock control module and uploads the return record to the server.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention can also be further achieved by the following technical measures:

[0031] The aforementioned method for managing substation loan keys, offline management method and online management method are managed in the same data structure, and the efficiency of data storage and query is improved through sparse matrix, index and block matrix;

[0032] Supports quick retrieval and statistics based on key borrowing time, personnel information, and key number fields;

[0033] The offline and online key borrowing records are managed in the same matrix, and the storage is optimized by using a sparse matrix. In the matrix, the offline and online key borrowing records share most of the fields. The online records contain QR code information, while the offline records are NULL. The core fields of the matrix are as follows:

[0034] Key borrowing time tn (Time): the time the key is borrowed;

[0035] Work Ticket information wtn (Work Ticket): contains work location and working hours information;

[0036] Borrower information un(User): includes personnel ID, name, and authority information;

[0037] Key information kn (Key): key number or type;

[0038] Approval status an(Approval): the approval status of the manager for the key borrowing operation;

[0039] QR code status qrn (QR Code): QR code information generated in online mode, NULL in offline mode;

[0040] The matrix form is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Sparse matrix optimization:

[0043] Since the QR code field qrn in the online key borrowing mode does not have data in all records, this column will be NULL for offline key borrowing records. In order to avoid storing a large number of NULL values, a sparse matrix storage method is used for this field, that is, only corresponding data is stored for non-NULL records;

[0044] The sparse matrix Qsparse stores the QR code information:

[0045]

[0046] Index optimization:

[0047] Create an index matrix for the queried field, each index matrix associates the field value with the row number of the corresponding record;

[0048] User ID index matrix Iu:

[0049]

[0050] Key number index matrix Ik:

[0051]

[0052] The index matrix allows the system to query the borrowing record of a specific user or key by simply looking up the index matrix instead of scanning the entire data matrix;

[0053] Block matrix storage:

[0054] Log data is stored in blocks by time, and block matrices are generated by day and month. When querying, the system loads multiple block matrices in parallel to avoid processing large amounts of data at one time.

[0055] Day block matrix Lday: a matrix stored by day.

[0056]

[0057] Monthly block matrix Lmonth: a matrix stored by month.

[0058]

[0059] Compressed storage:

[0060] Run-Length Encoding is used to compress consecutive records of the same state;

[0061] Approval status compression matrix Acompressed:

[0062]

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. Offline management method: improves the reliability of the key box and ensures that keys can be borrowed when the smart key box is offline;

[0065] 2. Online management method: It improves the efficiency of substation loan key management, changes the traditional key borrowing process of filling in key information on paper and on-site approval by operation and maintenance personnel, adopts a mini program or app mode to pre-fill the mode, and directly retrieves the key from the key box through the QR code, reducing the time from the original average of 30 minutes to 2 minutes.

[0066] 3. Borrowing records and statistics: This function automatically records the detailed information of each key borrowing and returning, including time, location, person, key number, etc., forming a log and supporting statistics.

[0067] 4. Borrowing timeout alarm and reminder notification. This function is of great significance to key management. The generated timeout record is bound to the borrower, which is conducive to the management of external units.

[0068] 5. Real-time positioning of the key bolt. This function is widely used to find the borrower's movement trajectory, to regulate the behavior of external units in the substation, and can also be used to find keys to prevent key loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the substation key lending management device of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 It is an offline management flow chart;

[0071] Figure 3 It is an online management flowchart;

[0072] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of real-time positioning of the key bolt;

[0073] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of borrowing timeout alarm and reminder notification;

[0074] Figure 6 It is a return flow chart;

[0075] Figure 7 It is the overall operation flow chart;

[0076] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the hardware implementation example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0078] 1. Smart key box

[0079] The smart key box includes a camera module, a QR code module, a lock control module, an embedded controller, a display screen and input device, a network communication module, a local server, a cloud server, and a mobile device (using WeChat applet). Its structure diagram is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0080] The camera module, QR code module, lock control module, display screen and input device, and network communication module are connected to the embedded controller. The network communication module communicates with the local server and the cloud server and exchanges data. The mobile device communicates wirelessly with the cloud server.

[0081] In the smart key box, various modules work together to complete functions such as key borrowing and returning, information management, and QR code verification.

[0082] The following is a detailed description of the connection relationship and signal transmission relationship of each part:

[0083] 1. Camera module:

[0084] Connection relationship: The camera module is directly connected to the embedded controller and is responsible for capturing image signals.

[0085] Signal transmission relationship:

[0086] When the key borrowing operation begins, the camera module captures the image of the work ticket and the identity information of the person borrowing the key (such as an ID card or work card).

[0087] The image signals are input to the embedded controller, which is responsible for processing the image signals and extracting corresponding information (for example, recognizing the text and personnel identity information on the work ticket).

[0088] The extracted data is uploaded to the local server through the network communication module.

[0089] 2. QR code module:

[0090] Connection relationship: The QR code module is embedded in the smart key box and connected to the embedded controller.

[0091] Signal transmission relationship:

[0092] After the key borrower submits an application for borrowing a key on a mobile device (WeChat applet is available), a QR code is generated after approval and management by the cloud server. The QR code module reads the user's QR code information, passes the information to the embedded controller for verification, controls the keyhole module to unlock the key, and stores the borrowing information on the cloud server.

[0093] 3. Lock control module:

[0094] Connection relationship: The lock control module is directly connected to the embedded controller and is responsible for the physical lock control of the key box.

[0095] Signal transmission relationship:

[0096] The lock control module receives the unlocking or locking instruction from the embedded controller.

[0097] When the system confirms that the key borrowing operation is legal, the embedded controller sends an unlocking signal to the lock control module, and the lock control module performs a physical unlocking operation, allowing the key borrower to take out the key.

[0098] When the key is returned, the lock control module receives the locking instruction from the embedded controller and completes the lock box operation.

[0099] 4. Embedded Controller

[0100] Connection relationship: The embedded controller is the core of the entire system, connecting all other hardware modules, including camera module, QR code module, lock control module, display screen and input device, network communication module, etc.

[0101] Signal transmission relationship:

[0102] The embedded controller coordinates the work of each module, receives the signals from each module and processes them.

[0103] The image is collected through the camera, the QR code is verified through the QR code module, and the lock is controlled through the lock control module.

[0104] The embedded controller is responsible for data exchange with the local server and cloud server, uploading key operation data and receiving management instructions through the network communication module.

[0105] 5. Display and input devices

[0106] Connection relationship: The display screen is connected to the embedded controller to display system status, prompt information, etc.; the input device (such as a touch screen or buttons) is connected to the controller, and the user can perform interactive operations through the input device.

[0107] Signal transmission relationship:

[0108] Display screen: The embedded controller displays corresponding information on the display screen according to the current operating status, such as key borrowing status, error prompts, etc.

[0109] Input device: The key borrower interacts with the system through the input device (for example, entering a password or selecting an operation). The input signal is transmitted to the embedded controller, which then processes it accordingly.

[0110] 6. Network communication module

[0111] Connection relationship: The network communication module is connected to the embedded controller and communicates with the local server and cloud server through a wired or wireless network.

[0112] Signal transmission relationship:

[0113] The network communication module is responsible for uploading key borrowing operation information processed by the embedded controller, images collected by the camera, QR code status and other data to the server.

[0114] At the same time, it also receives instructions and feedback information (such as approval results, QR code authorization information) from the server and passes this information to the embedded controller.

[0115] 7. Local Server Module

[0116] Local servers are usually deployed inside the substation and are responsible for local data processing and storage. This ensures that the core functions of the system can still operate normally when the network is unstable or interrupted. The following are the deployment responsibilities of the local server:

[0117] Real-time data processing:

[0118] Process key borrowing and returning operations and record borrowing and returning logs in real time.

[0119] Communicate with embedded controllers, smart key boxes and other devices to quickly respond to key borrowing operations.

[0120] Local Storage:

[0121] Cache data, including borrowing and returning records, personnel information, work ticket information, etc., to ensure that the system can still operate when disconnected from the cloud server.

[0122] Local storage can use a relational database (such as SQLite or MySQL) for lightweight storage.

[0123] Periodic synchronization:

[0124] The local server needs to synchronize data with the cloud server regularly. The synchronization method can be based on time (such as daily scheduled synchronization) or event (such as immediate synchronization after completing certain key operations).

[0125] The core module of the local server is the embedded controller communication module: it interacts with controllers, cameras, lock control modules and other devices.

[0126] Approval module (cache): In the event of a network outage, the local approval process can continue to execute.

[0127] Temporary data cache: After the network is restored, local operation logs, borrowing and returning records, approval records, etc. are synchronized to the cloud.

[0128] 8. Cloud Server Module

[0129] The cloud server is responsible for centralized management and remote control. All key data backup and global system monitoring are completed by the cloud. Deployment responsibilities of the cloud server:

[0130] Data storage and backup:

[0131] Long-term storage of all historical data in the system, including borrowing and returning records, approval records, log records, etc.

[0132] Responsible for database management of the system, using cloud databases (such as AWS RDS, Azure SQL) to ensure high availability and security.

[0133] Back up data regularly to prevent data loss.

[0134] Remote approval and management:

[0135] Key managers can access the cloud server through mobile devices (such as WeChat applets) or other devices to perform approvals, view records, and other operations.

[0136] The cloud server can centrally manage the data of multiple substations and realize cross-regional key management.

[0137] Security Management:

[0138] The cloud server provides user rights management and security audit functions. The identity authentication and authorization of all users (such as key management personnel, key borrowing personnel, etc.) are completed through the cloud server.

[0139] The system provides a secure backup mechanism to ensure that even if the local server fails or loses data, the cloud server can still guarantee the integrity and security of the data.

[0140] Data Synchronization:

[0141] Responsible for synchronizing data with the local server regularly or in real time, updating borrowing and returning records and approval information.

[0142] The task scheduling system in the cloud can regularly back up the data of the local server to the cloud and receive update information from the local server.

[0143] The core modules of the cloud server:

[0144] User management and authority control: manage user login, allocation of approval processes, and refinement of authority.

[0145] Data backup and recovery: Regularly back up all system data and provide a fault recovery mechanism.

[0146] Approval process management: centrally process approval information and generate QR codes and other information for borrowers to use.

[0147] 9. Mobile devices

[0148] Connection relationship: Mobile devices (such as mobile phones) communicate with the server through the network, and the person borrowing the key uses the WeChat applet to apply for borrowing the key.

[0149] Signal transmission relationship:

[0150] The person borrowing the key uploads the work ticket and personal information through the WeChat mini program. After verification, the server generates a QR code and pushes it to the person borrowing the key.

[0151] The person borrowing the key uses the WeChat applet to scan the QR code on the smart key box. After the scan is successful, the mobile device will feed back the QR code information to the embedded controller through the server to complete the unlocking operation.

[0152] Overview of the overall signal transmission process:

[0153] 1. Online key borrowing process:

[0154] The person who borrows the key uploads the work ticket, personnel information and applies to borrow the key through the WeChat mini program.

[0155] The server verifies the information, generates a QR code after approval and pushes it to the person who borrows the key.

[0156] The person who borrows the key scans the QR code generated by the WeChat applet through the QR code module on the smart key box. After the embedded controller verifies the QR code, it controls the lock control module to unlock the door, and the person who borrows the key takes out the key.

[0157] The borrowing information is uploaded to the server and the operation log is recorded.

[0158] 2. Key return process:

[0159] When the person who borrowed the key returns the key, the embedded controller verifies the return operation.

[0160] The embedded controller completes the locking through the lock control module and uploads the return record to the server.

[0161] In summary, the modules in the smart key box system are interconnected and coordinated through the embedded controller to complete the entire process from key borrowing information collection, approval, QR code generation and verification to unlocking. The signal transmission between the hardware modules relies on the embedded controller as the core. With the help of the network communication module, the system can maintain synchronous data transmission with the server and mobile devices, thereby realizing an efficient combination of online and offline management.

[0162] 2. Method and software development implementation example for managing keys for substations:

[0163] 2.1 Offline management method:

[0164] The management process includes functions such as image recognition, data binding and storage, and license management. The specific process is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0165] 1. Offline key borrowing process:

[0166] The person borrowing the key uses the camera module of the smart key box to identify and extract the work ticket and personnel information.

[0167] The embedded controller processes the image signal and transmits it to the local server, which generates a borrowing request for approval by the key management personnel.

[0168] After approval, the embedded controller sends an unlocking command to the lock control module, unlocks the designated corresponding key bolt, and the key borrower takes out the key;

[0169] The borrowing information is uploaded to the local server through the network communication module for recording. After the network is restored, the local server will synchronize the key borrowing information to the cloud server.

[0170] 2.2 Online Management System

[0171] The online management system includes the following functions: WeChat applet / mobile application, cloud server, data binding and uploading, QR code generation, etc. Figure 3 shown.

[0172] 1) The person borrowing the key obtains the work ticket and personnel information through the WeChat applet or program, submits the information to the cloud server, generates a borrowing application, and submits it to the management staff for review;

[0173] 2) After receiving the WeChat Mini Program or program borrowing application request, the administrator will review the borrowing application;

[0174] 3) When the administrator rejects the borrowing application and informs the reason, the cloud server notifies the borrower that the application has not been approved and informs the reason for the failure;

[0175] 4) When the administrator approves the borrowing application, the cloud server verifies the information. After approval, a QR code is generated and pushed to the person borrowing the key.

[0176] The person who borrows the key scans the QR code generated by the WeChat applet through the QR code module on the smart key box. After the embedded controller verifies the QR code, it controls the lock control module to unlock the door, and the person who borrows the key takes out the key.

[0177] The borrowing information is uploaded to the server and the operation log is recorded.

[0178] 3. Communication and Data Management

[0179] Network protocol: TCP / IP protocol is used to realize the communication between the smart key box and the cloud server to ensure the real-time and security of data.

[0180] Database design: The server side uses a relational database (such as MySQL) to manage borrowing records, personnel information, and work ticket information, and backs them up regularly.

[0181] Data encryption: During data transmission, SSL / TLS protocol encryption is used to ensure the security of borrowing information and personnel information.

[0182] 4. Functional expansion

[0183] 4.1 Real-time positioning of key bolt

[0184] RFID / GPS technology: Each key is bound to a key bolt, which is part of the smart key box control module. When the control module is turned on, the key bolt can be pulled out of the key box, thereby separating the key from the smart control key box. The key bolt is equipped with a module with positioning function (such as RFID chip or GPS module, etc.), which tracks the key location in real time and displays it in the system. The workflow diagram is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0185] 4.2 Borrowing timeout warning and repayment notification

[0186] Timer module: The system sets a borrowing time threshold. When the borrowing time is exceeded, an alarm is automatically triggered and a text message or notification is sent to remind the borrower.

[0187] Automatic notification system: Send reminders to borrowers via SMS, WeChat, etc. to remind them to return the keys in time.

[0188] The implementation flowchart is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0189] 4.4 Borrowing Records and Statistics

[0190] Log management: The system automatically records the detailed information of each key borrowing and returning, including time, location, person, key number, etc., forms a log and supports statistics. Figure 6 shown.

[0191] V. Security

[0192] Identity verification: Two-factor verification (such as face recognition, password, and QR code scanning) is used to ensure the authenticity of the borrower's identity.

[0193] Permission management: Different personnel have different levels of system access rights to avoid unauthorized operations.

[0194] System backup and recovery: Regularly back up system data and provide data recovery solutions in emergency situations.

[0195] 6. Deployment and Operation and Maintenance

[0196] Smart key box deployment: Deploy a certain number of smart key boxes according to the scale and needs of the substation to ensure that all keys that need to be managed are covered.

[0197] System operation and maintenance: Regularly check the operating status of equipment and software, provide remote maintenance and update services, and ensure stable operation of the system.

[0198] This technical solution aims to achieve efficient management of substation keys through intelligent means, ensuring the safety, convenience and traceability of operations.

[0199] 7. The overall operation process of the system:

[0200] like Figure 7As shown, the whole process is divided into: borrowing application: offline mode, online mode, the borrower can choose according to his own method; no matter which method is used, there will be information collection and processing process, and the borrower information, substation information and key information will be bound; the borrowing information needs to be reviewed by the key administrator, and the review can be conducted through mini-programs, local permissions, etc.; if the review is passed, the borrower will collect the key, if the approval is not passed, a prompt will be sent on the key box display or through the mini-program notification; during the key borrowing period, the key administrator can monitor the key through the smart key box or mini-program to monitor the key, including positioning, timeout monitoring, etc.; the borrower returns the key to the key box, and after the return is successful, a complete borrowing record is formed and pushed to the key administrator.

[0201] In order to optimize and integrate offline and online substation key management solutions, technologies such as data compression, sparse matrix optimization, indexing mechanism, and block matrix storage are covered, and offline and online key borrowing records can be flexibly managed, as follows:

[0202] 1. Unified management: Both offline and online key borrowing modes are managed in the same data structure.

[0203] 2. Improve efficiency: Improve the efficiency of data storage and query through technical means such as sparse matrix, index, block matrix, etc.

[0204] 3. Flexible query: supports quick retrieval and statistics based on fields such as key borrowing time, personnel information, key number, etc.

[0205] Matrix structure design:

[0206] 1. Offline and online shared comprehensive matrix

[0207] The system manages offline and online key borrowing records in the same matrix, optimizing storage through sparse matrix. In the matrix, offline and online key borrowing records share most fields, the difference is that online records contain QR code information, while offline records are NULL. The core fields of the comprehensive matrix are as follows:

[0208] Key borrowing time tn (Time): the time the key is borrowed.

[0209] Work Ticket information wtn (Work Ticket): contains information such as work location and working hours.

[0210] Borrower information un(User): includes personnel ID, name, authority and other information.

[0211] Key information kn (Key): key number or type.

[0212] Approval status an(Approval): The approval status of the key borrowing operation by the manager.

[0213] QR code status qrn (QR Code): QR code information generated in online mode (NULL in offline mode).

[0214] The matrix form is as follows:

[0215]

[0216] 2. Sparse Matrix Optimization

[0217] Since the QR code field qrn in the online key borrowing mode does not have data in all records, this column will be NULL for offline key borrowing records. In order to avoid storing a large number of NULL values, a sparse matrix storage method can be used for this field, that is, only corresponding data is stored for non-NULL records.

[0218] The sparse matrix Qsparse stores the QR code information:

[0219]

[0220] 3. Index optimization

[0221] In order to improve the efficiency of common queries (such as by personnel ID, key number, approval status, etc.), an index matrix can be established for the most frequently queried fields in the system. Each index matrix associates the field value with the row number of the corresponding record.

[0222] User ID index matrix Iu:

[0223]

[0224] Key number index matrix Ik:

[0225]

[0226] The index matrix allows the system to query the borrowing records of a specific user or key by simply looking up the index matrix instead of scanning the entire data matrix, greatly improving the query speed.

[0227] 4. Block Matrix Storage

[0228] In order to solve the system performance problem and facilitate large-scale data management, it is recommended to store log data in blocks by time. For example, you can generate block matrices by day or month, and the system can load multiple block matrices in parallel when querying, avoiding the performance bottleneck of processing large-scale data at one time.

[0229] Day block matrix Lday: a matrix stored by day.

[0230]

[0231] Monthly block matrix Lmonth: a matrix stored by month.

[0232]

[0233] 5. Compressed storage

[0234] Data compression technology can be used for fields with high repetition rates (such as approval status an) and operation type wtn). For example, for approval status (approved or rejected), Run-Length Encoding (RLE) can be used to compress continuous records of the same status.

[0235] Approval status compression matrix Acompressed:

[0236]

[0237] This reduces storage space and restores the original data when decompressed.

[0238] System query and storage process:

[0239] 1. Offline key borrowing operation

[0240] -Users borrow keys through the smart key box, and the camera records work tickets and personnel information.

[0241] -The system generates a borrowing record and stores the record in the comprehensive matrix Lcombined, and the approval status is stored in the index matrix Ia.

[0242] -If the administrator completes the approval, the system will update the approval status.

[0243] 2. Online key borrowing operation

[0244] -Users upload work tickets and personnel information through the WeChat mini program to generate a QR code.

[0245] -The system stores the borrowing records and QR code information in the comprehensive matrix, and simultaneously records the QR code information in the sparse matrix Qsparse.

[0246] -After approval, the user scans the QR code to complete key borrowing.

[0247] 3. Query operation

[0248] -Users can query key borrowing records by borrowing time, person, key number, etc. The system first quickly locates the corresponding record row number through the index matrix.

[0249] -The system searches for specific key borrowing records based on the row number and returns the query results.

[0250] 4. Log storage and archiving

[0251] -The system stores borrowing records in time blocks and archives old block matrices regularly to reduce system pressure.

[0252] -Compress and store common states to reduce log storage space.

[0253] Advantages of the improvement plan:

[0254] 1. Unified management: Offline and online key borrowing modes share a comprehensive matrix, unified management, and simplified system design.

[0255] 2. Sparse matrix optimization: QR code information is stored on demand to reduce storage overhead.

[0256] 3. Indexing mechanism: An efficient indexing matrix accelerates common query operations, especially for large-scale data.

[0257] 4. Block storage and parallel processing: Block matrices are stored by time, reducing the complexity of single large matrix operations and improving parallel processing capabilities.

[0258] 5.Compressed storage: For data with high repetition rate such as approval status, use compression algorithm to reduce storage space.

[0259] In summary: This solution achieves efficient offline and online key management by optimizing and improving the matrix structure. Combining sparse matrix, index, block storage and data compression not only improves the storage efficiency of the system

[0260] The hardware part implements e.g. Figure 8 As shown: Design an IoT smart key box for substation key management. The key box is divided into two parts, the upper part is a touch screen as a human-machine dialogue window, and the lower part is a key management cabin. The shell of the smart key management box is pressed with galvanized steel plate, which has high strength and high explosion resistance. All operating functions of the smart key management box are completed by a 4.3-inch touch screen, and its embedded management software can manage personnel permissions, usage records, key management and other management functions.

[0261] The key management machine has a camera and a card reader on the top. The camera can be used for face recognition login, taking photos of people when retrieving keys, and identifying the content of work tickets. The card reader is used for management personnel to swipe cards to log in. The system supports three login modes: password login, card swipe login, and face login.

[0262] The right side of the key unlocking key management machine has a SIM card slot, USB data interface, standard power socket, and RS485 interface.

[0263] The smart key box is installed with Android operating system, database and key management software. The management software is used to allocate permissions, configure keys and communications, etc. The software system can generate borrowing records and various analysis reports.

[0264] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementation modes. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for managing key lending in a substation, characterized in that: The smart key box includes a camera module, a QR code module, a lock control module, an embedded controller, a display screen and input device, a network communication module, a local server, a cloud server and a mobile device; the camera module, the QR code module, the lock control module, the display screen and input device, and the network communication module are connected to the embedded controller, the network communication module communicates with the local server and the cloud server and exchanges data, and the mobile device communicates wirelessly with the cloud server.

2. A method for managing equipment for substation key lending management as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The key borrowing process includes offline management methods and online management methods. Offline management method: The key borrower uses the camera module of the smart key box to identify and extract the work ticket and personnel information. The embedded controller processes the image signal and transmits it to the local server, which generates a borrowing request for approval by the key manager. After approval, the embedded controller sends an unlocking command to the lock control module, unlocks the designated corresponding key bolt, and the key borrower takes out the key; The borrowing information is uploaded to the local server through the network communication module for recording. After the network is restored, the local server will synchronize the key borrowing information to the cloud server; Online management method: 1) The person borrowing the key obtains the work ticket and personnel information through the WeChat applet or program, submits the information to the cloud server, generates a borrowing application, and submits it to the management staff for review; 2) After receiving the WeChat Mini Program or program borrowing application request, the administrator will review the borrowing application; 3) When the administrator rejects the borrowing application and informs the reason, the cloud server notifies the borrower that the application has not been approved and informs the reason for the failure; 4) When the administrator approves the borrowing application, the cloud server verifies the information, generates a QR code after approval, and pushes it to the person who borrows the key; The person who borrows the key scans the QR code generated by the WeChat applet through the QR code module on the smart key box. After the embedded controller verifies the QR code, it controls the lock control module to unlock the door, and the person who borrows the key takes out the key. The borrowed information is uploaded to the server and the operation log is recorded; Key return process: When the person who borrowed the key returns the key, the embedded controller verifies the return operation; The embedded controller completes the locking through the lock control module and uploads the return record to the server.

3. A method for managing equipment for substation key lending management as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The offline management method and the online management method are managed in the same data structure, and the efficiency of data storage and query is improved through sparse matrix, index and block matrix; Supports quick retrieval and statistics based on key borrowing time, personnel information, and key number fields; The offline and online key borrowing records are managed in the same matrix, and the storage is optimized by using a sparse matrix. In the matrix, the offline and online key borrowing records share most of the fields. The online records contain QR code information, while the offline records are NULL. The core fields of the matrix are as follows: Key borrowing time tn (Time): the time the key is borrowed; Work Ticket information wtn (Work Ticket): contains work location and working hours information; Borrower information un(User): includes personnel ID, name, and authority information; Key information kn (Key): key number or type; Approval status an(Approval): the approval status of the manager for the key borrowing operation; QR code status qrn (QR Code): QR code information generated in online mode, NULL in offline mode; The matrix form is as follows: Sparse matrix optimization: Since the QR code field qrn in the online key borrowing mode does not have data in all records, this column will be NULL for offline key borrowing records. In order to avoid storing a large number of NULL values, a sparse matrix storage method is used for this field, that is, only corresponding data is stored for non-NULL records; The sparse matrix Qsparse stores the QR code information: Index optimization: Create an index matrix for the queried field, each index matrix associates the field value with the row number of the corresponding record; User ID index matrix Iu: Key number index matrix Ik: The index matrix allows the system to query the borrowing record of a specific user or key by simply looking up the index matrix instead of scanning the entire data matrix; Block matrix storage: Log data is stored in blocks by time, and block matrices are generated by day and month. When querying, the system loads multiple block matrices in parallel to avoid processing large amounts of data at one time. Day block matrix Lday: a matrix stored by day. Monthly block matrix Lmonth: a matrix stored by month. Compressed storage: Run-Length Encoding is used to compress consecutive records of the same state; Approval status compression matrix Acompressed:

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