Ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna and array thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of director antennas, in particular to an ultra-wide-band dual-polarization high-gain director antenna and an array thereof, the ultra-wide-band dual-polarization high-gain director antenna comprises a director, a dual-polarization broadband oscillator, a balun balance type feed body and a reflection back cavity, the director is arranged right above the dual-polarization broadband oscillator in a coupling mode, and the balun balance type feed body is arranged right above the dual-polarization broadband oscillator. The top of the balun balance type feed body is connected with the dual-polarization broadband oscillator, the bottom of the balun balance type feed body is fixed in the middle of the reflection back cavity, switching between a single-polarization oscillator antenna layout and a dual-polarization oscillator antenna layout can be achieved, and on the basis of the dual-polarization oscillator antenna layout, an orthogonal dual-linear-polarization ultra-wideband high-gain antenna can be obtained; the number of antennas can be obviously reduced, call loss and interference are reduced, an ultra-wideband high-gain circularly polarized antenna can be obtained, signals can still be received when the polarization mode of the transmitting end changes, and the stability of signal receiving is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of directional antennas, and more particularly to an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna and an array thereof. Background Art

[0002] Base station antennas are generally composed of radiating units of the same form combined into an array to obtain high gain. In the use of base station antennas, it is found that the current base station antennas have the following disadvantages: 1. There is a lack of guiding design at the transmitting end, the impedance matching is low, and the standing wave is high (max=2.5); Second, the design form is mostly single-polarization, with a narrow application range, and cannot be deformed and adjusted according to actual usage requirements; 3. When forming an array, the structure of the reflective part is not compact and the space utilization rate is low; 4. In order to meet the requirement of improving signal reception strength, the horizontal size of the broadband oscillator is large, which is not conducive to array arrangement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to design an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna and its array to solve the above-mentioned problems of lack of directional design and low impedance matching and inconvenient adjustment caused by a single design form.

[0004] The present invention provides an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna, comprising a director, a dual-polarization broadband oscillator, a balun balanced feeder and a reflective back cavity, wherein the director is coupled and arranged just above the dual-polarization broadband oscillator, the top of the balun balanced feeder is connected to the dual-polarization broadband oscillator, and the bottom is fixed in the middle of the reflective back cavity; The dual-polarization broadband oscillator includes oscillator 1 and oscillator 2, and the oscillator 1 and oscillator 2 are arranged orthogonally to each other at +45 degrees and -45 degrees with the center of the reflection back cavity as the base point; The first and second oscillators are excited simultaneously and synthesized using a 3dB bridge with a 90-degree phase difference to drive the antenna to circular polarization.

[0005] As a further solution of the present invention: the director is non-contactly arranged directly above the dual-polarization broadband vibrator, and the cross-section of the director column is circular or polygonal.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the distance between the director and the dual-polarization broadband oscillator is between 0.02λmin-0.05λmin, and the diameter of the director is between 0.18λmin-0.2λmin.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the dual-polarization broadband oscillator is arranged directly above the balun balanced feeder, an extended radiator perpendicular to the reflective back cavity is arranged at the tail end of the dual-polarization broadband oscillator, and the dual-polarization broadband oscillator is polygonal or circular.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the balun balanced feed is fixed in the middle of the reflective back cavity, the balun balanced feed includes feeder 1 and feeder 2, a base is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reflective back cavity, feed electrode 1 and feed electrode 2 are fixed in the base, feed electrode 1 matches and corresponds to feeder 1, and feed electrode 2 matches and corresponds to feeder 2.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the feeder 1 and the feeder 2 are independent of each other and are distributed in a cross shape with a cross angle of 90 degrees. The feeder 1 and the feeder 2 are rectangular or cylindrical structures.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the reflective back cavity is formed by a combination of horizontal and vertical plates, and the cross section of the reflective back cavity is a square or a regular hexagon.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the diameter of the reflective back cavity is between 0.36λmin-0.5λmin.

[0012] An ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain steering antenna array is formed by forming an array of a plurality of the above-mentioned steering antennas.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna, which can switch between a single-polarization oscillator antenna layout and a dual-polarization oscillator antenna layout. On the basis of the dual-polarization oscillator antenna layout, oscillator one and oscillator two are arranged orthogonally at +45 degrees and -45 degrees with the center of a reflection back cavity as a base point, and simultaneously work in a transmit-receive duplex mode, so as to obtain an ultra-wideband high-gain antenna with orthogonal dual linear polarization of +45 degrees and -45 degrees, which can significantly save the number of antennas, reduce call loss and reduce interference.

[0014] On the basis of the dual-polarization dipole antenna layout, dipole one and dipole two are excited at the same time, and a 3dB bridge synthesis with a 90-degree phase difference is used to combine them to obtain an ultra-wideband high-gain circularly polarized antenna, which can still receive signals when the polarization mode of the transmitting end changes, thereby improving the stability of signal reception.

[0015] The regular hexagonal design of the reflective back cavity has high space utilization and small overall size when forming an array.

[0016] By adding an extended radiator at the tail end of the dual-polarization broadband oscillator, the size of the oscillator can be significantly reduced under the same signal reception intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directing antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure of a dual-polarization broadband oscillator and a balun balanced feeder in an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna dual-polarization dipole antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of a single-polarized dipole antenna of an ultra-wideband dual-polarized high-gain director antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a standing wave simulation of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directing antenna proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the linear polarization direction of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain guiding antenna proposed by the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of linear polarization gain simulation of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directing antenna proposed by the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the left-hand circular polarization direction of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna proposed by the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of simulation of left-hand circular polarization gain of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directing antenna proposed by the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the right-hand circular polarization direction of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna proposed by the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of simulation of right-hand circular polarization gain of an ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain director antenna proposed by the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the ±20 degree beam scanning direction of the 1×4 antenna array of the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of gain simulation of a 1×4 antenna array of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. director; 2. dual-polarization broadband oscillator; 201. oscillator one; 202. oscillator two; 3. balun balanced feed; 301. feed one; 302. feed two; 4. reflective back cavity; 5. base; 6. feed electrode one; 7. feed electrode two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that the discussion of these implementations is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described in some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0020] At least one embodiment of the present invention discloses an ultra-wideband dual-polarized high-gain directional antenna, such as Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, it includes a director 1, a dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2, a balun balanced feed 3 and a reflective back cavity 4, wherein the director 1 is coupled and arranged directly above the dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2, the top of the balun balanced feed 3 is connected to the dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2, and the bottom is fixed in the middle of the reflective back cavity 4; The dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2 includes an oscillator 1 201 and an oscillator 2 202, and the oscillator 1 201 and the oscillator 2 202 are arranged orthogonally to each other at +45 degrees and -45 degrees with the center of the reflection back cavity 4 as the base point; The oscillator 1 201 and the oscillator 2 202 are excited at the same time and synthesized using a 3dB bridge with a 90 degree phase difference to drive the antenna to circular polarization.

[0021] In specific implementation, the present invention can be used in the following two directions: 1. Layout of single-polarized dipole antenna like Figure 5 As shown, a group of dual-polarized broadband dipoles 2 (diopole one 201 or dipole two 202) are selected to cooperate with a balun-balanced feed 3 and a reflective back cavity 4 to form a single-polarized dipole antenna layout.

[0022] 2. Dual-polarization dipole antenna layout like Figure 4 As shown, two groups of dual-polarized broadband dipoles 2 (dipole 1 201 and dipole 2 202) are selected to cooperate with a balun balanced feed 3 and a reflective back cavity 4 to form a dual-polarized dipole antenna layout; Based on the dual-polarized dipole antenna layout, the first variation is to arrange dipole 1 201 and dipole 2 202 orthogonally at +45 degrees and -45 degrees with the center of the reflective back cavity 4 as the base point, and simultaneously work in the transmit and receive duplex mode, thereby obtaining a +45 degree and -45 degree orthogonal dual-linear polarization ultra-wideband high-gain antenna, which can significantly save the number of antennas, reduce call loss and reduce interference; Based on the dual-polarized dipole antenna layout, the second variation is to simultaneously excite dipole 1 201 and dipole 2 202, and use a 3dB bridge synthesis with a 90-degree phase difference to combine to obtain an ultra-wideband high-gain circularly polarized antenna that can still receive signals when the polarization mode of the transmitting end changes, thereby improving the stability of signal reception.

[0023] The director 1 is non-contactly arranged directly above the dual-polarization broadband vibrator 2, and the cross-section of the column of the director 1 is circular or polygonal.

[0024] Adding a director 1 directly above the broadband oscillator can achieve ultra-wideband impedance matching and gain.

[0025] The distance between the director 1 and the dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2 is between 0.02λmin-0.05λmin, and the diameter of the director 1 is between 0.18λmin-0.2λmin.

[0026] The dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2 is arranged directly above the balun balanced feeder 3 , and an extended radiator perpendicular to the reflective back cavity 4 is arranged at the tail end of the dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2 . The dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2 is polygonal or circular.

[0027] The balun balanced feed 3 is fixed in the middle of the reflective back cavity 4. The balun balanced feed 3 includes a feed 1 301 and a feed 2 302. A base 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reflective back cavity 4. A feed electrode 1 6 and a feed electrode 2 7 are fixed in the base 5. The feed electrode 1 6 matches and corresponds to the feed 1 301, and the feed electrode 2 7 matches and corresponds to the feed 2 302.

[0028] The balun balanced feeding scheme is adopted, with good beam symmetry, half-power beamwidth and high gain.

[0029] The feeder 1 301 and the feeder 2 302 are independent of each other and are arranged in a cross shape with a cross angle of 90 degrees. The feeder 1 301 and the feeder 2 302 are rectangular parallelepiped or cylindrical structures.

[0030] The reflective back cavity 4 is formed by combining horizontal and vertical plates, and the cross section of the reflective back cavity 4 is a square or a regular hexagon.

[0031] The diameter of the reflective back cavity 4 is between 0.36λmin and 0.5λmin.

[0032] An ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain steering antenna array is formed by the steering antenna array described above, and can be specifically set to a 1×4 antenna array combination form.

[0033] By implementing the above solution, the following gain improvements are achieved compared to the prior art: ① Adding director 1 can improve impedance matching and standing wave (max=2.1); ②Dual polarization design, which can combine antennas with orthogonal polarization directions of +45 degrees and -45 degrees, and can also be used as circular polarization antennas; ③ The regular hexagonal design of the reflective back cavity 4 has high space utilization rate and small total size when forming an array; ④ By adding an extended radiator at the tail end of the dual-polarization broadband oscillator 2, the size of the oscillator can be significantly reduced under the same signal reception intensity.

[0034] The improvement in antenna performance brought about by the above gain improvement can be found in Figures 7 to 15 Simulation data of antenna performance indicators.

[0035] The above describes an embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation mode. The above-mentioned specific implementation mode is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this embodiment, ordinary technicians in this field can also make more forms of equivalent embodiments, all of which are within the protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a director (1), a dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2), a balun balanced feeder (3) and a reflective back cavity (4), wherein the director (1) is coupled and arranged directly above the dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2), the top of the balun balanced feeder (3) is connected to the dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2), and the bottom is fixed in the middle of the reflective back cavity (4); The dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2) comprises an oscillator 1 (201) and an oscillator 2 (202), wherein the oscillator 1 (201) and the oscillator 2 (202) are arranged orthogonally to each other at +45 degrees and -45 degrees with the center of the reflection back cavity (4) as a base point; The first oscillator (201) and the second oscillator (202) are excited simultaneously and synthesized using a 3dB bridge with a phase difference of 90 degrees to drive the antenna to circular polarization.

2. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The director (1) is non-contactly arranged directly above the dual-polarization broadband vibrator (2); the cross-section of the column of the director (1) is circular or polygonal.

3. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the director (1) and the dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2) is between 0.02λmin-0.05λmin, and the diameter of the director (1) is between 0.18λmin-0.2λmin.

4. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2) is arranged directly above the balun balanced feeder (3); an extended radiator perpendicular to the reflective back cavity (4) is arranged at the tail end of the dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2); and the dual-polarization broadband oscillator (2) is polygonal or circular.

5. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The balun balanced feeder (3) is fixed in the middle of the reflective back cavity (4), and the balun balanced feeder (3) comprises a feeder 1 (301) and a feeder 2 (302). A base (5) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reflective back cavity (4), and a feeder 1 (6) and a feeder 2 (7) are fixed in the base (5). The feeder 1 (6) matches and corresponds to the feeder 1 (301), and the feeder 2 (7) matches and corresponds to the feeder 2 (302).

6. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeder 1 (301) and the feeder 2 (302) are independent of each other and are distributed in a cross shape, with a cross angle of 90 degrees. The feeder 1 (301) and the feeder 2 (302) are rectangular or cylindrical structures.

7. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reflective back cavity (4) is formed by combining horizontal and vertical plates, and the cross section of the reflective back cavity (4) is a square or a regular hexagon.

8. The ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain directional antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the reflective back cavity (4) is between 0.36λmin-0.5λmin.

9. An ultra-wideband dual-polarization high-gain steering antenna array, characterized in that: The directional antenna array is formed by using any one of the directional antenna arrays described in claims 1-8.

Images