Method for co-rearing young silkworms through one-day two-back rearing and application

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm breeding, in particular to a method for co-rearing young silkworms through one-day two-back rearing and application. The method comprises the following steps: feeding silkworm eggs at the relative humidity of 80-85%, wherein the quantity of each silkworm egg is 28000; wherein the feeding conditions of the silkworms of 1-2 years old comprise that the feeding temperature is 27 DEG C, and the feeding temperature is increased by 0.5-1 DEG C on the 3rd day of the silkworms of 2 years old; the breeding conditions of the 3-year-old silkworms are as follows: the breeding temperature is 26 DEG C, and the breeding temperature is increased by 0.5-1 DEG C on the 3rd day of the 3-year-old silkworms. Compared with the mulberry feeding amount of the young silkworms which are bred for three times every day, the mulberry feeding amount of the young silkworms which are bred for two times every day has the advantages that the mulberry feeding amount is reduced by 8.06%-10.12%, the labor intensity is reduced by 23.08%-23.53%, the labor force is reduced by 20.28%-24.40%, and the dead cage rate is reduced by 0.51%-1.24%. The cocoon quality performance and yield of the young silkworms rearing twice in one day are slightly equivalent to those of the young silkworms rearing three days in one day, and no obvious difference exists.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sericulture, and in particular to a method for raising young silkworms twice a day and its application. Background Art

[0002] With the adjustment of rural industrial structure and the advancement of urbanization, a large number of labor forces have shifted to the secondary and tertiary industries, and the majority of them are left behind, including the elderly, women and vulnerable groups. However, the sericulture industry is a labor-intensive and technology-intensive industry with high labor intensity. It requires high technical requirements for manual operations in production, especially the breeding of young silkworms, the cultivation of healthy young silkworms, strong and neat physique, free of disease, and easy breeding of adult silkworms, which are the basis for high and stable production of cocoons. Therefore, research has been conducted on temperature and humidity, the adjustment of crushed mulberry leaves, and the area of ​​silkworm beds, and the innovation of a two-day breeding technology for young silkworms. It has the characteristics of saving labor, saving costs, and keeping mulberry leaves fresh, which can make silkworms develop uniformly and strong, and improve the quality of cocoon production and economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method and application of raising silkworms twice a day. Compared with raising silkworms three times a day, the method provided by the present invention improves disease resistance by 0.51%-1.24%, saves 8.06%-10.12% of mulberry leaves per seeding, reduces labor intensity by 22.22%-23.52%, saves 0.682h-1.229h of labor, and the cocoon quality and cocoon production per seeding are equivalent.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for raising silkworms twice a day, comprising the following steps: raising silkworm eggs at a relative humidity of 80% to 85%, with each sheet of silkworm eggs containing 28,000 silkworms;

[0006] The rearing conditions for 1-2 year old silkworms include:

[0007] The rearing temperature is 27℃, and the rearing temperature is increased by 0.5-1℃ on the third day of the second-instar silkworms;

[0008] The rearing area includes: 1-2 instar silkworms are divided into 2 frames respectively, the silkworm seat area of ​​1-instar silkworms on the first day is 30cm×40cm / frame, the silkworm seat area of ​​2-instar silkworms on the second day is 40cm×50cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area of ​​3-instar silkworms is 50cm×60cm / frame; the silkworm seat area of ​​2-instar silkworms on the first day is 70cm×90cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area of ​​2-3 days is 80cm×100cm / frame;

[0009] The conditions for mulberry transfer include: the mulberry leaves for 1st-instar silkworms should be 1 to 1.5 times the length of the silkworm body in square meters, and the mulberry leaves for 2nd-instar silkworms should be 2 times the length of the silkworm body in square meters;

[0010] The total amount of mulberry for 1-year-old silkworms is 1550-1910g / sheet, and the total amount of mulberry for 2-year-old silkworms is 4370-4750g / sheet.

[0011] The rearing conditions for 3rd instar silkworms include:

[0012] The rearing temperature is 26℃, and the rearing temperature is increased by 0.5-1℃ on the third day of the third-instar silkworms;

[0013] The rearing area includes: divided into 6 frames, the silkworm seat area on the first day is 60cm×70cm / frame, the silkworm seat area on the second day is 70cm×90cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area on the third day is 80cm×1000cm / frame;

[0014] The conditions for mulberry cultivation include: the mulberry leaves of the third-instar silkworms are 3 to 4 times the length of the silkworm body;

[0015] The total amount of mulberry leaves fed to third-instar silkworms is 18,600 g to 19,200 g per silkworm.

[0016] Preferably, the hibernation temperature of the 1st to 2nd instar silkworms is 26 to 26.5°C.

[0017] Preferably, the hibernation temperature of the 3rd instar silkworms is 25-25.5°C.

[0018] Preferably, the varieties of silkworms include one or more of Huakang No. 2, Jinxiu No. 3 and Guican No. 4.

[0019] Preferably, the twice-a-day feeding includes: feeding once at 7:30 in the morning and once at 21:00 in the evening.

[0020] Preferably, the feeding amount of the first-instar silkworms on the first day in the morning is 100 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 170 g / sheet;

[0021] On the second day, the feeding amount in the morning is 360-370 g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening is 400-500 g / piece;

[0022] The feeding amount on the 3rd day in the morning is 380-520 g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening is 130-260 g / piece.

[0023] Preferably, the feeding amount of the 2nd instar silkworms on the first day in the morning is 250 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 800 g / sheet;

[0024] On the second day, the feeding amount in the morning is 1300-1400 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 800 g / sheet;

[0025] The feeding amount in the morning of the 3rd day is 380-520g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening is 1420-2000g / piece.

[0026] Preferably, the feeding amount of the 3rd instar silkworms on the first day in the morning is 0 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 1000 g / sheet;

[0027] On the second day, the feeding amount in the morning was 3000 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening was 5000 g / sheet;

[0028] On the third day, the feeding amount in the morning was 5000 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening was 4000 g / sheet;

[0029] The feeding amount on the 4th day in the morning was 600 g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening was 0 g / piece.

[0030] The invention also provides application of the method described in the above technical solution in improving the disease resistance of silkworms.

[0031] The invention also provides application of the method described in the above technical solution in reducing the mortality rate of silkworms.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] 1. Compared with raising silkworms three times a day, raising silkworms twice a day saves 8.06%-10.12% of mulberry leaves, reduces labor intensity by 23.08%-23.53%, and labor force by 20.28%-24.40%.

[0034] 2. The mortality rate of silkworms in the two-day rearing system was 0.51%-1.24% lower than that in the three-day rearing system.

[0035] 3. The cocoon quality and yield of silkworms reared twice a day and three times a day were roughly equivalent, with no significant difference.

[0036] 4. Temperature: When the temperature of 2nd and 3rd instar silkworms is raised by 0.5-1°C on the third day until they fall asleep, the total cocoon weight increased by 0.134g, the cocoon layer weight increased by 0.029g, the mortality rate decreased by 27.23%, and the cocoon production increased by 0.21kg.

[0037] 5. Humidity: Under the condition of relative humidity of 80%-85%, the cocoon formation rate of double-breeding in one day was 98.38%, and the cocoon production per sheet was 46.99 kg. Compared with the relative humidity of more than 85%, the dead cage rate was reduced by 15.02%, and the cocoon production per sheet increased by 21.96%; compared with the relative humidity of less than 80%, the dead cage rate was reduced by 1.74%, and the cocoon production per sheet increased by 4.19%.

[0038] 6. Adjusting mulberry leaves (shredded leaves): When the mulberry leaves of 1-year-old silkworms are cut into 1-1.5 times the silkworm body length square, the mulberry leaves of 2-year-old silkworms are cut into 2 times the silkworm body length square, and the mulberry leaves of 2-year-old silkworms are cut into 3-4 times the silkworm body length square, the cocoon production of the two-times-a-day silkworms is increased by 5.05-5.54% compared with the cocoon production of two times the silkworm body length square, and the mortality rate is reduced by 26.61%-46.78%.

[0039] 7. Stocking density: The area of ​​the first day silkworm seat of a frame of the first instar is 30cm×40cm, which expands to 40cm×50cm on the second day; 50cm×60cm on the third day; 70cm×90cm on the first day of the second instar, 80cm×100cm on the second and third days; 60cm×70cm on the first day of the third instar, which expands to 70cm×90cm on the second day; 80cm×100cm on the third day. The incidence rate of the third instar silkworms is 1.27%, the incidence rate of the fourth instar silkworms is 1.02%, and the cage death rate is 1.12%, which are respectively reduced by 11.04%, 7.48%, and 1.55% compared with ck. The cocoon production is 53.57kg, which is 6.02% higher than ck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The invention provides a method for raising young silkworms twice a day, comprising the following steps: raising silkworm seeds at a relative humidity of 80-85%, with the seed quantity of each silkworm seed being 28,000 heads; wherein the raising conditions of 1- to 2-year-old silkworms include: the raising temperature is 27°C, and the raising temperature is increased by 0.5-1°C on the 3rd day of the 2-year-old silkworms; the raising area includes: the 1- to 2-year-old silkworms are respectively divided into 2 frames, the silkworm seat area of ​​the 1-year-old silkworms on the 1st day is 30cm×40cm / frame, the silkworm seat area of ​​the 2nd day is 40cm×50cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area of ​​the 3rd day is 50cm×60cm / frame; the silkworm seat area of ​​the 2nd-year-old silkworms on the 1st day is 70cm×90cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area of ​​the 2nd to 3rd day is 80cm×100cm / frame; the conditions for adjusting the mulberry trees include: In summary: the mulberry leaves for 1st instar silkworms are 1 to 1.5 times the length of the silkworm's body per square, and the mulberry leaves for 2nd instar silkworms are 2 times the length of the silkworm's body per square; the total amount of mulberry leaves for 1st instar silkworms is 1550-1910g / sheet, and the total amount of mulberry leaves for 2nd instar silkworms is 4370-4750g / sheet; the rearing conditions for 3rd instar silkworms include: the rearing temperature is 26°C, and the rearing temperature is increased by 0.5-1°C on the 3rd day of the 3rd instar silkworms; the rearing area includes: divided into 6 frames, the silkworm seat area on the 1st day is 60cm×70cm / frame, the silkworm seat area on the 2nd day is 70cm×90cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area on the 3rd day is 80cm×1000cm / frame; the conditions for mulberry adjustment include: the mulberry leaves for 3rd instar silkworms are 3 to 4 times the length of the silkworm's body per square; the total amount of mulberry leaves for 3rd instar silkworms is 18600g-19200g / sheet.

[0041] The present invention has no special requirements on the varieties of the silkworms, and conventional varieties are sufficient. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the varieties of the silkworms preferably include one or more of Huakang No. 2, Jinxiu No. 3 and Guican No. 4.

[0042] In the present invention, the two-time rearing per day preferably includes: feeding once at 7:30 in the morning and once at 21:00 in the evening. In the present invention, the feeding amount of the first-year silkworm in the morning of the first day is preferably 100 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is preferably 170 g / sheet; the feeding amount in the morning of the second day is preferably 360-370 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is preferably 400-500 g / sheet; the feeding amount in the morning of the third day is preferably 380-520 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is preferably 130-260 g / sheet. In the present invention, the feeding amount of the 2-instar silkworm on the first day in the morning is preferably 250g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 800g / piece; the feeding amount on the second day in the morning is preferably 1300-1400g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 800g / piece; the feeding amount on the third day in the morning is preferably 380-520g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 1420-2000g / piece. In the present invention, the feeding amount of the 3-instar silkworm on the first day in the morning is preferably 0g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 1000g / piece; the feeding amount on the second day in the morning is preferably 3000g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 5000g / piece; the feeding amount on the third day in the morning is preferably 5000g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 4000g / piece; the feeding amount on the fourth day in the morning is preferably 600g / piece, and the feeding amount at night is preferably 0g / piece.

[0043] In the present invention, the dormant temperature of the 1st to 2nd instar silkworms is preferably 26 to 26.5° C. In the present invention, the dormant temperature of the 3rd instar silkworms is preferably 25 to 25.5° C.

[0044] The present invention has no special limitation on the conditions for co-rearing other young silkworms, and those skilled in the art may adopt conventional techniques, which will not be described in detail here.

[0045] The invention also provides application of the method described in the above technical solution in improving the disease resistance of silkworms.

[0046] The invention also provides application of the method described in the above technical solution in reducing the mortality rate of silkworms.

[0047] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Experimental study on labor-saving co-rearing of young silkworms with two rearings per day in the co-rearing room of Dongshan Village, Huaping Subdistrict Office, Fenggang County

[0050] 1. Experimental design and methods

[0051] 1.1 Trial time: May-June 2023.

[0052] 1.2 The silkworm varieties for trial: Huakang No. 2, which are uniformly shipped and accelerated for supply by Fenggang County Sericulture Cooperative.

[0053] 1.3 Experimental design: Co-rearing of 1-2-year-old silkworms in the same co-rearing room at 27°C and relative humidity of 80%-85%. Two treatments were adopted: twice-a-day rearing and three-a-day rearing (control area). Each treatment had 5 replicates. Ten silkworm eggs (28,000 heads / sheet) were reared in each case. Silkworms were reared to 3 years old and then distributed to 5 silkworm farmers. Silkworms of 3-5 years old were reared three times a day. The rearing conditions and operation skills were basically the same. On the 7th day after the silkworms were cocooned, the rearing performance of 3 households was randomly investigated.

[0054] 2. Results and Analysis

[0055] 2.1 Comparative study on the amount of mulberry leaves and labor intensity of rearing silkworms twice a day and three times a day.

[0056] Table 1: The situation of mulberry trees being raised twice a day in the common raising room of Dongshan Village, Huaping Sub-district Office, Fenggang County

[0057]

[0058] Note: The amount of mulberry leaves given to third-instar silkworms is 19,200g, that given to fourth-instar silkworms is 110kg, and that given to fifth-instar silkworms is 600kg.

[0059] As shown in Table 1, the amount of mulberry fed to 1-2-year-old silkworms twice a day is 6300g, which saves 10.12% of mulberry (710g) compared with 7010g for three-day feeding. The number of mulberry feeding times for two-day feeding (including stopping) is 13 times, which reduces the number of silkworm frames to be moved by 4 times compared with 17 times for three-day feeding, thereby reducing the labor intensity by 23.53%.

[0060] 2.2 Study on the effect of two rounds of cultivation per day on the cocoon quality and seed yield of Huakang No. 2

[0061] Table 2 Investigation on the performance of Huakang 2 silkworms reared twice a day

[0062]

[0063] From Table 2, we can see that:

[0064] Number of cocoons per kg (grains): The number of cocoons per kg of silkworms raised twice a day is 604.67 grains, which is 3.67 more than that of silkworms raised three times a day (601 grains), an increase of 0.61 percentage points.

[0065] Total cocoon weight (g): The total cocoon weight of young silkworms raised twice a day is 1.72g, which is 1.16 percentage points less (0.02g) than that raised three times a day.

[0066] Cocoon layer weight (g): The cocoon layer weight of silkworms reared twice a day and three times a day is 0.38g.

[0067] Cocoon layer rate (%): The cocoon layer rate of young silkworms raising cocoons twice a day was 22.37%, which was 0.11 percentage points higher than that of young silkworms raising cocoons three times a day (22.26%).

[0068] Cocoon production per set (kg): The cocoon production of young silkworms raised twice a day is 45.66 kg, which is 0.61 percentage points less than the 45.36 kg cocoon production of young silkworms raised three times a day.

[0069] The amount of seed cocoon layer (kg): The amount of seed cocoon layer of young silkworms raised twice a day is 10.15 kg, which is 0.14 percentage points less than that of young silkworms raised three times a day (10.16 kg).

[0070] Mortality rate (%): The mortality rate of silkworms reared twice a day was 0.61%, which was reduced by (0.12%) 16.12 percentage points compared with the mortality rate of silkworms reared three times a day of 0.73%.

[0071] 2.3 Comparison of labor requirements between two and three times a day for rearing young silkworms

[0072] From Table 3, we can see that:

[0073] Mulberry adjustment time: It takes 9 hours to rear 100 silkworms of 1-2 years old twice a day, compared with 10.76 hours for rearing three times a day, which saves 1.76 hours of labor, and 0.018 hours of labor per sheet.

[0074] Feeding time: The labor consumption for rearing 100 silkworms of 1-2 instar twice a day is 190.30 hours, compared with 240.40 hours for rearing three times a day, which saves 49.74 hours of labor, and the labor consumption for each silkworm is 0.497 hours.

[0075] Sand removal time: The labor required for rearing 100 silkworms of 1-2 years old twice a day is 12 hours, compared with 28.70 hours for rearing three times a day, which saves 16.70 hours of labor, and the labor saving is 0.167 hours.

[0076] Labor consumption for young silkworms: The labor consumption for rearing one sheet of young silkworms of 1-2 years old twice a day is 2.113 hours, compared with 2.795 hours for rearing three times a day, labor consumption (0.682 hours) is saved by 24.40%. At 15 yuan per hour, 10.23 yuan is saved per sheet.

[0077] Table 3 Survey on the labor consumption of rearing 100 silkworms twice a day

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] 3. Conclusion:

[0081] 3.1 The amount of mulberry leaves fed to silkworms that are 1-2 years old twice a day can save 10.12% compared with those that are 3 times a day, reduce labor intensity by 23.53%, save 24.40% of the dosage, and save 10.23 yuan in labor cost per plant.

[0082] 3.2 The mortality rate of 1-2-year-old silkworms raised twice a day was 16.12 percentage points lower than that raised three times a day.

[0083] 3.3 The amount of mulberry leaves fed to silkworms that were reared twice a day and were 1-2 years old was basically the same as that of silkworms that were reared three times a day, with no significant difference.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] Experimental study on labor-saving co-rearing of young silkworms with two rearings per day at the Guanzhuang base of Guizhou Sericultural Research Institute in Zunyi

[0086] 1. Experimental design and methods

[0087] 1.1 Trial time: September-October 2023.

[0088] 1.2 Test silkworm variety: Jinxiu No. 3, provided by Sericulture Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0089] 1.3 Experimental design: Under the condition of relative humidity 80%-85%, two treatments were set, namely, two-times-a-day rearing and three-times-a-day rearing (control area), with the temperature of 27°C for 1-2 instars and 27°C for 3 instars, which was treatment A; in another common rearing room, the temperature of 1-2 instars was 27°C and the temperature of 3 instars was 26°C. On the third day of the 2nd and 3rd instar silkworms, the temperature was increased by 0.5°C-1°C until they fell asleep. Two treatments were set, namely, two-times-a-day rearing and three-times-a-day rearing (control area), which was treatment B. There were 4 treatments in total, and 3 replicates were set in each treatment. Each replicate was used to rear 1 sheet of silkworm seeds, for a total of 12 sheets (28,000 heads / sheet). Silkworms were reared until the 4th instar and distributed to silkworm farmers to raise 4-5 instar silkworms, which were reared three times a day. Under the conditions that the rearing conditions and rearing operation skills were basically the same, their rearing performance was investigated on the 8th day after they went on the cocooning cocoon.

[0090] 2. Results and Analysis

[0091] 2.1 Comparative study on the amount of mulberry leaves and labor intensity between two times a day and three times a day

[0092] Table 4 Survey on the two-time daily cultivation of mulberry trees with Jinxiu No. 3

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] As shown in Table 4, the amount of mulberry fed to silkworms aged 1-2 years old twice a day is 6280 g, compared with 6860 g fed to silkworms aged 3 times a day, saving 8.45% (580 g); the amount of mulberry fed to silkworms aged 1-3 years old is 24880 g, compared with 27060 g fed to silkworms aged 3 times a day, saving 8.06% (2180 g); the number of mulberry feeding times for silkworms aged 1-3 years old twice a day (including stopping) is 20 times, compared with 26 times fed to silkworms aged 3 times a day, which reduces the number of silkworm frames to be lifted by 6 times, thereby reducing the labor intensity by 23.08%.

[0096] 2.2 Effect of two-time breeding per day on cocoon quality and seed yield of Jinxiu No. 3

[0097] Table 5 Investigation on the performance of Jinxiu 3 silkworms reared twice a day

[0098]

[0099] From Table 5, we can see that in treatment area A:

[0100] Number of cocoon grains per kg: The number of cocoon grains per kg of silkworms raised twice a day is 569.67 grains, which is 3.06 percentage points higher than that of silkworms raised three times a day, which is 552.74 grains.

[0101] Total cocoon weight (g): The total cocoon weight of young silkworms raised twice a day is 1.743g, which is 2.49 percentage points less (0.048g) than that of young silkworms raised three times a day (1.816g).

[0102] Cocoon layer weight (g): The amount of cocoon layer of young silkworms raised twice a day is 0.417g, which is 1.88 percentage points less (0.008g) compared with the amount of cocoon layer raised three times a day (0.425g).

[0103] Cocoon layer rate (%): The cocoon layer rate of young silkworms raising cocoons twice a day was 22.22%, which was 0.68 percentage points higher than the 22.07% rate of young silkworms raising cocoons three times a day.

[0104] Cocoon production per set (kg): The cocoon production of young silkworms raised twice a day is 49.14 kg, which is 0.02 percentage points less than the 49.15 kg cocoon production of young silkworms raised three times a day.

[0105] The amount of seed cocoon layer per sheet (kg): The amount of seed cocoon layer per sheet of silkworms raised twice a day is 10.92 kg, which is 0.66 percentage points higher than that of 10.85 kg raised three times a day.

[0106] Mortality rate (%): The mortality rate of silkworms reared twice a day was 1.47%, which was reduced by (1.03%) 33.77 percentage points compared with the mortality rate of silkworms reared three times a day (2.52%).

[0107] B treatment area:

[0108] Number of cocoons per kg: The number of cocoons per kg of silkworms raised twice a day is 542.23 grains, which is 2.47 percentage points higher than that of silkworms raised three times a day, which is 529.17 grains.

[0109] Total cocoon weight (g): The total cocoon weight of young silkworms raised twice a day is 1.877g, which is 4.02 percentage points less (0.073g) than that of young silkworms raised three times a day (1.925g).

[0110] Cocoon layer volume (g): The amount of cocoon layer of young silkworms raised twice a day is 0.388g, which is 2.76 percentage points less (0.011g) than the amount of cocoon layer raised three times a day (0.399g).

[0111] Cocoon layer rate (%): The cocoon layer rate of young silkworms raising cocoons twice a day was 22.27%, which was 1.27 percentage points higher than that of young silkworms raising cocoons three times a day (21.99%).

[0112] Cocoon production per set (kg): The cocoon production of young silkworms raised twice a day is 49.93 kg, which is 0.48 percentage points less than the 50.17 kg cocoon production of young silkworms raised three times a day.

[0113] The amount of seed cocoon layer per sheet (kg): The amount of seed cocoon layer per sheet of silkworms raised twice a day is 11.12 kg, which is 0.82 percentage points higher than that of 11.03 kg raised three times a day.

[0114] Mortality rate (%): The mortality rate of silkworms reared twice a day was 2.02%, which was 3.15% lower than that of silkworms reared three times a day, a decrease of (1.05%) by 41.67 percentage points.

[0115] 2.3 Comparison of labor requirements between two and three times a day for rearing young silkworms

[0116] Table 6 Survey on the labor consumption of rearing 100 silkworms twice a day

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] From Table 6, we can see that:

[0120] Mulberry adjustment time: The labor consumption for rearing 100 silkworms of 1-3 instars twice a day is 32.62 hours, compared with the labor consumption of 36.50 hours for rearing three times a day, which saves 3.88 hours of labor, and the labor consumption for each silkworm is 0.038 hours.

[0121] Feeding time: 359.60 hours of labor is required to rear 100 silkworms of 1-3 instar twice a day, compared with 426.90 hours of labor required to rear 100 silkworms three times a day, which saves 67.30 hours of labor, and 0.673 hours of labor is saved per sheet.

[0122] Sand removal time: The labor consumption for rearing 100 silkworms of 1-3 instars twice a day is 37 hours, compared with 88.70 hours for rearing three times a day, which saves 51.70 hours of labor, and the labor consumption for each silkworm is 0.517 hours.

[0123] Labor consumption for young silkworms: 1-2-year-old silkworms require 2.127 hours of labor for two rounds of rearing per day, compared with 2.668 hours for three rounds of rearing per day, saving 20.28% of labor (0.0.541 hours). At 15 yuan per hour, each silkworm saves 8.12 yuan. 1-3-year-old silkworms require 4.292 hours of labor for two rounds of rearing per day, compared with 5.521 hours for three rounds of rearing per day, saving 22.26% of labor (1.229 hours). At 15 yuan per hour, each silkworm saves 18.44 yuan.

[0124] 3. Conclusion:

[0125] 3.1 Compared with raising silkworms three times a day, raising silkworms twice a day can save 8.06%-8.45% of mulberry leaves, reduce labor intensity by 20.28%-23.08% and labor force by 20.28%-22.26%.

[0126] 3.2 The mortality rate of 1-3-year-old silkworms raised twice a day was 33.77-41.67 percentage points lower than that raised three times a day.

[0127] 3.3 The cocoon quality and yield of silkworms reared twice a day and three times a day were basically the same, with no significant difference.

[0128] 3.4 Under the condition of relative humidity of 80%-85%, the temperature of 1-2 instars is 27℃, and the temperature of 3 instars is 26℃. On the third day of 2nd and 3rd instar silkworms, the temperature is increased by 0.5℃-1℃ until they fall asleep. All indicators of temperature protection during hibernation are better than those of 1-2 instars at 27℃ and 3rd instars at 26℃.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] (I) Study on the effect of adjusting the size of mulberry trees on the rearing performance of Guican No. 4

[0131] 1. Experimental design and methods

[0132] 1.1 Trial time: May-June 2024.

[0133] 1.2 Experimental location: Zunyi Guanzhuang Base of Sericulture Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences

[0134] 1.3 Tested silkworm variety: Guican No. 4, provided by the Sericulture Research Institute of Guizhou Province.

[0135] 1.4 Experimental design: Five treatments were set up. Treatment C was a square with a side length equal to 1 times the body length of the silkworm. Treatment D was a square with a side length equal to 1 times the body length of the first-instar silkworm, and 2 - 3 instars were a square with a side length equal to 2 times the body length of the silkworm. Treatment E was a square with a side length equal to 1 times the body length of the first-instar silkworm, 2 times the body length of the second-instar silkworm, and 3 times the body length of the third-instar silkworm. Treatment F was a square with a side length equal to 1 times the body length of the first-instar silkworm, 2 times the body length of the second-instar silkworm, and 4 times the body length of the third-instar silkworm. Treatment G was a square with a side length equal to 2 times the body length of the silkworm, serving as the control area. Each treatment had 3 replicated areas, and each replicated area had 0.5 sheets of silkworm eggs. The feeding conditions were the same, and the feeding operations were carried out by the same person. The sleep conditions of the third-instar and fourth-instar silkworms were investigated, and the feeding performance was investigated on the 8th day after mounting and cocooning.

[0136] 2. Results and Analysis

[0137] 2.1 Study on the influence of mulberry leaf size on the incidence of small silkworms of Guican No. 4

[0138] Table 7 Investigation on the incidence of small silkworms

[0139]

[0140] As can be seen from Table 7:

[0141] Incidence of small silkworms of three-molting silkworms (%): The order of the incidence of small silkworms of three-molting silkworms from small to large is F < E < D < G(ck) < C, and the range is 1.69% - 7.43%. The lowest is Treatment F, which is 1.68%. There is no significant difference between Treatments E and F.

[0142] Incidence of small silkworms of four-molting silkworms (%): The order of the incidence of small silkworms of four-molting silkworms from small to large is F < E < D < G(ck) < C, and the range is 1.50% - 7.01%. The lowest is Treatment F, which is 1.58%. There is no significant difference between Treatments E and F.

[0143] 2.2 Study on the influence of mulberry leaf size on the feeding performance of Guican No. 4

[0144] Table 8 Investigation on the feeding performance

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] As can be seen from Table 8:

[0148] Number of cocoons per kg (pcs): The order of the number of cocoons per kg from less to more is F < E < D < G(ck) < C, and the range is 514 - 536 pcs.

[0149] Whole cocoon weight (g): The order of whole cocoon weight from heaviest to lightest is F≥E>D>G(ck)>C, and the range is 1.87 - 1.95 g.

[0150] Cocoon shell weight (g): The order of cocoon shell weight from heaviest to lightest is F>E>D>G(ck)>C, and the range is 0.398 - 0.434 g.

[0151] Cocoon shell ratio (%): The order of cocoon shell ratio from highest to lowest is F>E>D>G(ck)>C, and the range is 21.28% - 22.26%.

[0152] Cocoon yield per sheet (kg): The order of cocoon yield per sheet from highest to lowest is F>E>D>G(ck)>C, and the range is 49.25 - 53.22 kg. The highest is the F treatment at 53.22 kg, which is 5.54% higher than G(ck); the second is the E treatment at 52.98 kg, which is 5.05% higher than G(ck).

[0153] Cocoon shell weight per sheet (kg): The order of cocoon shell weight per sheet from highest to lowest is F>E>D>G(ck)>C, and the range is 10.48 - 11.85 kg. The highest is the F treatment at 11.85 kg, and the second is the E treatment at 11.49 kg.

[0154] Dead cocoon rate (%): The order of dead cocoon rate from lowest to highest is F<E<D<G(ck)<C, and the range is 1.16% - 2.26%.

[0155] 3. Conclusions

[0156] (1) When adjusting the size of mulberry leaves to be 1 times the body length of the first instar silkworms, 2 times the body length of the second instar silkworms, and 3 - 4 times the body length of the third instar silkworms, the cocoon yield per sheet is 5.05 - 5.54% higher than when it is 2 times the body length of the silkworms.

[0157] (2) When adjusting the size of mulberry leaves to be 1 times the body length of the first instar silkworms, 2 times the body length of the second instar silkworms, and 3 - 4 times the body length of the third instar silkworms, the dead cocoon rate is reduced by 26.61% - 46.78% compared to when it is 2 times the body length of the silkworms.

[0158] (2) Research on the influence of rearing area (density) on the rearing performance of Guican No. 4

[0159] 1. Experimental design and methods

[0160] 1.1 Experimental time: May - June 2024.

[0161] 1.2 Experimental location: Zunyi Guanzhuang Base, Sericulture Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences

[0162] 1.3 Tested silkworm variety: Guican No. 4, provided by Sericulture Research Institute of Guizhou Province.

[0163] 1.4 Experimental Design: There are 3 treatments, each with 3 replicate plots. Each replicate plot is calculated based on a seeding rate of 28,000 heads per sheet. For one sheet, the silkworms from the 1st to 2nd instars are reared in two frames, and the 3rd instar silkworms are reared in six frames. Treatment H is the control. For the 1st instar, the area of the silkworm bed is 30 cm × 40 cm per frame; for the 2nd instar, the area of the silkworm bed is 70 cm × 90 cm per frame; for the 3rd instar, the area of the silkworm bed is 60 cm × 70 cm per frame. For Treatment I, in the first day of the 1st instar, the area of the silkworm bed for one frame is 30 cm × 40 cm, which expands to 40 cm × 50 cm on the second day and 50 cm × 60 cm on the third day. In the first day of the 2nd instar, it expands to 70 cm × 90 cm, and is 80 cm × 100 cm on the second and third days. In the first day of the 3rd instar, the area of the silkworm bed is 60 cm × 70 cm, which expands to 70 cm × 90 cm on the second day and 80 cm × 100 cm on the third day. For Treatment J, the area of the silkworm bed for the 1st instar is 40 cm × 50 cm per frame, and the area of the silkworm bed for the 2nd to 3rd instars is 80 cm × 100 cm per frame. The feeding conditions are the same, and the feeding operations are carried out by the same person. The molting situation of the 3rd and 4th instar silkworms is investigated, and the feeding performance is investigated on the 8th day after mounting and cocooning.

[0164] 2. Results and Analysis

[0165] 2.1 Study on the Influence of Mulberry Leaf Size on the Incidence of Small Silkworms of Guican No. 4

[0166] Table 9 Investigation of the Incidence of Small Silkworms

[0167]

[0168] As can be seen from Table 9:

[0169] Incidence of small silkworms of trimoulting silkworms (%): The order of the incidence of small silkworms of trimoulting silkworms from small to large is I < J < H, with a range of 1.27% - 12.31%. The lowest is Treatment I, which is 1.27%.

[0170] Incidence of small silkworms of tetramoulting silkworms (%): The order of the incidence of small silkworms of tetramoulting silkworms from small to large is I < J < H, with a range of 1.02% - 8.50%. The lowest is Treatment I, which is 1.02%.

[0171] 2.12 Study on the Influence of Mulberry Leaf Size on the Feeding Performance of Guican No. 4

[0172] Table 10 Investigation of Feeding Performance

[0173]

[0174] As can be seen from Table 10:

[0175] Number of cocoons per kg (pieces): The order of the number of cocoons per kg from few to many is I < J < H (ck), with a range of 511 - 532 pieces.

[0176] Whole cocoon weight (g): The order of whole cocoon weight from heaviest to lightest is I > J > H(ck), and its range is 1.88 - 1.95 g.

[0177] Cocoon shell weight (g): The order of cocoon shell weight from heaviest to lightest is I > J > H(ck), and its range is 0.398 - 0.426 g.

[0178] Cocoon shell ratio (%): The order of cocoon shell ratio from highest to lowest is I > J > H(ck), and its range is 21.17% - 21.85%.

[0179] Cocoon yield per rearing sheet (kg): The order of cocoon yield per rearing sheet from highest to lowest is I > J > H(ck), and its range is 50.53 - 53.57 kg. The highest is treatment I at 53.57 kg, which is 6.02% higher than H(ck), with a highly significant difference, and there is no significant difference compared with treatment J.

[0180] Cocoon shell weight per rearing sheet (kg): The order of cocoon shell weight per rearing sheet from highest to lowest is I > J > H(ck), and its range is 10.70 - 11.70 kg. The highest is treatment I at 11.70 kg, followed by treatment J at 11.35 kg.

[0181] Rate of dead cocoons (%): The order of the rate of dead cocoons from lowest to highest is I < J < H(ck), and its range is 1.12% - 2.67%. The lowest is treatment I at 1.12%, followed by treatment J at 1.54%.

[0182] 3. Conclusions

[0183] Rearing area (density): On the first day of the 1st instar, the area of the rearing bed is 30 cm × 40 cm per frame, and it expands to 40 cm × 50 cm on the second day; to 50 cm × 60 cm on the third day; on the first day of the 2nd instar, it expands to 70 cm × 90 cm, and is 80 cm × 100 cm on the second and third days; on the first day of the 3rd instar, the area of the rearing bed is 60 cm × 70 cm, expands to 70 cm × 90 cm on the second day; and to 80 cm × 100 cm on the third day. For treatment J, the rearing bed area is 40 cm × 50 cm / frame for the 1st instar and 80 cm × 100 cm / frame for the 2nd to 3rd instars. Its various indicators are superior to those of other treatments.

[0184] (3) Research on the influence of relative humidity in the co-rearing room on the rearing performance of Huakang 2

[0185] 1. Experimental design and methods

[0186] 1.1 Experimental time: July 2024.

[0187] 1.2 Experimental location: Sericulture area, Fenggang County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province

[0188] 1.3 Tested silkworm variety: Huakang 2, provided by the Sericulture Cooperative联社 of Fenggang County.

[0189] 1.4 Experimental design: Three treatments were set up in the research co-breeding room: K treatment was a control area with a relative humidity of more than 85% (85%-90%); L treatment was a relative humidity of 80%-85%; M treatment was a relative humidity of less than 80% (75%-80%). Each treatment tracked the health and performance of silkworms raised by three households.

[0190] 2. Results and Analysis

[0191] Study on the Effect of Humidity on Silkworm Health and Cocoon Quality

[0192] Table 11 Feeding performance survey

[0193]

[0194] From Table 11, we can see that:

[0195] Morbidity of 5th instar (%): Morbidity of 5th instar silkworms in K treatment was 15.42%, and the rest did not occur.

[0196] Cocooning rate (%): The order of cocooning rate from high to low is L>M>K(ck), ranging from 86.54% to 98.38%.

[0197] Healthy pupae rate of 4th instar silkworms (%): The order of healthy pupae rate of 4th instar silkworms from high to low is L>M>K(ck), and its range is 54.51%-94.30%.

[0198] Total cocoon weight (g): The order of total cocoon weight from heavy to light is L>K(ck)>M, ranging from 1.792-1.854g.

[0199] Cocoon layer weight (g): The order of cocoon layer weight from heavy to light is L>K(ck)>M, and its range is 0.378-0.397g.

[0200] Cocoon layer rate (%): The order of cocoon layer rate from high to low is L>K(ck)>M, and its range is 21.09%-21.41%.

[0201] Cocoon production per plant (kg): The cocoon production per plant is from high to low L>M>K(ck), ranging from 38.53-46.99kg. The highest is 46.99kg in L treatment, which is 21.96% higher than K(ck);

[0202] Dead cage rate (%): The order of dead cage rate from low to high is L>M>K(ck), ranging from 3.02% to 18.54%. The lowest is L treatment at 3.02%, followed by M treatment at 4.76%.

[0203] 3. Conclusion

[0204] Under the condition of relative humidity of 80%-85%, the cocooning rate was 98.38% and the cocoon yield per seed was 46.99 kg, which was 21.96% higher than that under the condition of relative humidity above 85%.

[0205] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising silkworms twice a day, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: raising silkworm eggs at a relative humidity of 80-85%, with the number of silkworm eggs per sheet being 28,000; The rearing conditions for 1-2 year old silkworms include: The rearing temperature is 27℃, and the rearing temperature is increased by 0.5-1℃ on the third day of the second-instar silkworms; The rearing area includes: 1-2 instar silkworms are divided into 2 frames respectively, the silkworm seat area of ​​1-instar silkworms on the first day is 30cm×40cm / frame, the silkworm seat area of ​​2-instar silkworms on the second day is 40cm×50cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area of ​​3-instar silkworms is 50cm×60cm / frame; the silkworm seat area of ​​2-instar silkworms on the first day is 70cm×90cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area of ​​2-3 days is 80cm×100cm / frame; The conditions for mulberry transfer include: the mulberry leaves for 1st-instar silkworms should be 1 to 1.5 times the length of the silkworm body, and the mulberry leaves for 2nd-instar silkworms should be 2 times the length of the silkworm body. The total amount of mulberry for 1-year-old silkworms is 1550-1910g / sheet, and the total amount of mulberry for 2-year-old silkworms is 4370-4750g / sheet. The rearing conditions for 3rd instar silkworms include: The rearing temperature is 26℃, and the rearing temperature is increased by 0.5-1℃ on the third day of the third-instar silkworms; The rearing area includes: divided into 6 frames, the silkworm seat area on the first day is 60cm×70cm / frame, the silkworm seat area on the second day is 70cm×90cm / frame, and the silkworm seat area on the third day is 80cm×1000cm / frame; The conditions for mulberry cultivation include: the mulberry leaves of the third-instar silkworms are 3 to 4 times the length of the silkworm body; The total amount of mulberry leaves fed to third-instar silkworms is 18,600 g to 19,200 g per silkworm.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The dormant temperature of the 1st to 2nd instar silkworms is 26 to 26.5°C.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The dormant temperature of the 3rd instar silkworms is 25-25.5°C.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The varieties of the silkworms include one or more of Huakang No. 2, Jinxiu No. 3 and Guican No.

4.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The two-times-a-day feeding includes: feeding once at 7:30 in the morning and once at 21:00 in the evening.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The feeding amount of the first-instar silkworms on the first day in the morning is 100 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 170 g / sheet; On the second day, the feeding amount in the morning is 360-370 g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening is 400-500 g / piece; The feeding amount on the 3rd day in the morning is 380-520 g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening is 130-260 g / piece.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The feeding amount of the 2nd instar silkworms on the first day in the morning is 250g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 800g / sheet; On the second day, the feeding amount in the morning is 1300-1400 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 800 g / sheet; The feeding amount in the morning of the 3rd day is 380-520g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening is 1420-2000g / piece.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The feeding amount of the 3rd instar silkworms on the first day in the morning is 0 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening is 1000 g / sheet; On the second day, the feeding amount in the morning was 3000 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening was 5000 g / sheet; On the third day, the feeding amount in the morning was 5000 g / sheet, and the feeding amount in the evening was 4000 g / sheet; The feeding amount on the 4th day in the morning was 600 g / piece, and the feeding amount in the evening was 0 g / piece.

9. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in improving the disease resistance of silkworms.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in reducing the mortality rate of silkworms.

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