Numerical control machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeve

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool accessories, in particular to a cutting speed controllable numerical control machine tool for cylinder sleeve machining, which comprises a numerical control machine tool main body, a machined cylinder sleeve barrel arranged in a machining cavity on the numerical control machine tool main body, a clamping seat for driving the cylinder sleeve barrel to rotate, and a cutter mechanism for cutting, in normal cutting machining of the cylinder sleeve, a fixed cutter makes contact with the high-speed rotating cylinder sleeve for cutting, if the cutter is accidentally heated and overheated, emergency transmission can be automatically triggered, and finally the cutter is caused to move in a surrounding mode in the rotating direction of the cylinder sleeve, so that the rotating speed of the cylinder sleeve relative to the cutter is reduced, the cutting speed is reduced, cutting is gentle, and the cutter is cooled; and then, the surrounding speed of the cutter is automatically adjusted and reduced, finally, the cutter keeps surrounding at the uniform speed, and although the cutter is heated, overheating is avoided, and long-time cutting work is safely coped with.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool accessories, in particular to a numerically controlled machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining a cylinder sleeve. Background Art

[0002] Cutting is a basic process method in metal processing. A tool is used to cut off excess metal from a workpiece so that the workpiece can achieve the desired geometric shape, dimensional accuracy and surface quality. The cutting process involves relative movement between the workpiece and the tool, which is provided by a metal cutting machine. During the production and cutting process of a cylinder sleeve, a fixture in a CNC machine tool drives the cylinder sleeve to rotate at a high speed, and the tool contacts and moves with the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve to achieve cutting processing of the cylinder sleeve. During the process, the tool will heat up. The cutting heat generated during the cutting process is mainly generated by chip deformation and friction when the tool cuts the workpiece. This heat will cause the tool temperature to rise. The impact of cutting temperature on the tool is mainly reflected in aggravating tool wear and reducing tool durability. For this reason, the present invention provides a CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for cylinder sleeve processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining a cylinder sleeve, comprising a CNC machine tool body, a machining chamber on the CNC machine tool body is provided with a machined cylinder sleeve, a clamping seat for driving the cylinder sleeve to rotate, and a tool mechanism for cutting, the tool mechanism comprising a tool part, a control cylinder for supporting the tool part, a braking device for driving the control cylinder to rotate, an adjusting part for reverse adjustment control of the tool part, and a ring frame for supporting the braking device and the adjusting part, the adjusting part and the braking device being in transmission connection.

[0005] The tool part includes a tool for cutting the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve, a tool bed plate for fixing and supporting the tool, a conical deformation body distributed in the conical hole on the tool bed plate, a reaction integration for elastically supporting the conical deformation body, and a restraining ring plate arranged on the outside of the control tube, the restraining ring plate and the reaction integration are connected, one end of the tool bed plate is fixed on the control tube, and the control tube supports the reaction integration.

[0006] The reaction integration includes a transfer group, an amplification group, a support plate, a lifting plate and a spring. One side of the lifting plate is in contact with a conical deformation body that expands due to heat, and the other side of the lifting plate is in contact with a spring. The spring is supported between the lifting plate and the support plate. The support plate is fixed on one side of the control cylinder. The support plate slides through a plate hole opened on the lifting plate by fixing a straight plate. The transfer group and the lifting plate are transmission-connected with the amplification group.

[0007] The amplification group includes an inclined plate frame fixed on the support plate, a pressure shaft supported on the inclined plate frame, and a torsion spring and a swing plate supported on the pressure shaft. The pressure shaft is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at one end of the swing plate, and an arc-shaped rack is fixed at the other end of the swing plate. One end of the torsion spring is fixed on the pressure shaft, and the other end is fixed on the swing plate. One end of the pressure shaft is connected through a fixed gear and a rack meshing transmission vertically arranged on the lifting plate.

[0008] The adapter group includes a telescopic plate, a right-angle frame, a J-shaped spring clip, a distance increasing gear, a split shaft and a head shaft. The right-angle frame is fixed on the support plate, the right-angle frame supports the split shaft and the head shaft, one end of the head shaft is connected by a fixed gear and an arc-shaped rack on the swing plate through meshing transmission, the other end of the head shaft is connected by a fixed bevel gear and a bevel gear fixed at one end of the split shaft through meshing transmission, the other end of the split shaft is connected by a fixed distance increasing gear and a row of teeth arranged on the telescopic plate through meshing transmission, the telescopic plate slides through the inner hole of the square tube fixed on the right-angle frame, and one end of the telescopic plate is vertically fixed on the restraining ring plate, one end of the J-shaped spring clip is fixed on the right-angle frame, and the other end is stuck in the arc groove opened on the telescopic plate.

[0009] The braking device includes a neck plate, a first disc gear and a conversion unit. The middle part of the first disc gear is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at one end of the neck plate by setting a shaft body, and the other end of the neck plate is fixed on the ring frame. A plurality of conversion units are evenly arranged around the first disc gear. The conversion unit includes a small disc gear meshing with the first disc gear, a unit shaft vertically fixed in the middle part of the small disc gear, a worm gear vertically driven with the unit shaft, and a unit frame supporting the unit shaft and the worm gear. The unit frame is fixed on the ring frame, and the unit frame is clamped into an annular groove opened on the outer wall of the control cylinder by a fixed arc plate. One end of the worm gear is meshingly connected with the bevel gear fixed at the end of the unit shaft through a fixed bevel gear, and the control cylinder is meshingly connected with the helical teeth on the worm gear through an outer gear ring.

[0010] The adjustment part includes an external control group, an overlapping gear, a Z-frame and a speed change group. One end of the Z-frame clamps the outer edge of the restraining ring plate through a fixed concave plate, one end of the overlapping gear is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at the other end of the Z-frame through a fixed shaft, one side of the overlapping gear is transmission-connected with the external control group, one end of the external control group is transmission-connected with the speed change group, and the speed change group and the first disc gear are in contact with each other for transmission.

[0011] The speed change group includes a long plate rack, a rubber tube, a horizontal tube and a long tube gear. One end of the horizontal tube is movably sleeved in the inner hole of the cylinder fixed on the long plate rack. The other end of the horizontal tube is vertically transmitted through the fixed long tube gear and the external control group. A rubber tube is fixed on the horizontal tube, and the rubber tube is in vertical contact with the bottom surface of the first plate gear.

[0012] The speed change group also includes a limit frame, a reversing shaft and a reversing gear. One end of the limit frame is fixed on the ring frame, the Z-shaped frame slides through the plate hole opened on the limit frame, the long plate rack slides through the inner hole of the square cylinder fixed on the limit frame, one end of the reversing shaft is movably sleeved in the inner hole of the convex plate set on the limit frame, the reversing shaft is connected by a fixed cylinder gear and a row of teeth and grooves opened on the Z-shaped frame, and the other end of the reversing shaft is connected by a fixed reversing gear and a row of teeth and grooves opened on the long plate rack.

[0013] The external control group includes a main frame, a short shaft supported on the main frame, a side control shaft and a constant speed shaft, and a constant speed gear fixed at one end of the constant speed shaft. One end of the main frame is fixed on the ring frame, the lap gear is connected to the constant speed gear through axial movement, one end of the side control shaft is meshed and connected with the bevel gear fixed at one end of the short shaft through a fixed bevel gear, the other end of the side control shaft is meshed and connected with the lap gear through a fixed gear, and the other end of the short shaft is meshed and connected with the long cylinder gear through a fixed gear.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In normal cutting of cylinder sleeves, the stationary tool contacts and cuts with the high-speed rotating cylinder sleeve. If the tool overheats unexpectedly, the emergency transmission will be automatically triggered, and eventually the tool will move in a circular motion along the rotation direction of the cylinder sleeve. In this way, the rotation speed of the cylinder sleeve relative to the tool is reduced, the cutting speed is reduced, and the cutting is eased to cool the tool. Subsequently, the circular speed of the tool is automatically adjusted and reduced, and finally the tool keeps a constant speed. Although the tool heats up, it will not overheat, so it can safely cope with long-term cutting work.

[0015] 2. When the tool is in uniform orbital motion, the speed of the tool depends on the hardness of the cylinder sleeve material. If the cylinder sleeve itself is hard, the cutting pressure of the tool will naturally be large. Finally, the uniform speed of the tool will be too high. The heat dissipation capacity of the tool remains unchanged, and the cutting pressure is high. The tool will slow down the cutting speed, thereby avoiding a sharp temperature rise of the tool. The purpose is achieved through automatic adjustment inside the tool mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the tool mechanism position.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the tool mechanism structure.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tool structure.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the knife bed board.

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the reaction integration structure.

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the transfer group structure.

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the conversion unit structure.

[0024] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the control cylinder structure.

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment unit.

[0026] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission group structure.

[0027] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the external control group structure.

[0028] In the figure: CNC machine tool body 1, cylinder sleeve 2, clamping seat 3, tool mechanism 4, tool part 5, control cylinder 6, brake device 7, adjustment part 8, ring frame 9, containment ring plate 10, tool 11, cone deformation body 12, tool bed plate 13, reaction integration 14, adapter group 15, amplification group 16, support plate 17, lifting plate 18, spring 19, pressure shaft 20, torsion spring 21, inclined plate frame 22, swing plate 23, telescopic plate 24, right angle frame 25, J-shaped spring 26, distance increasing gear Wheel 27, sub-shaft 28, head shaft 29, neck plate 30, first plate gear 31, conversion unit 32, small plate gear 33, unit frame 34, unit shaft 35, worm 36, external control group 37, lap gear 38, Z-frame 39, speed change group 40, limit frame 41, reversing shaft 42, reversing gear 43, long plate rack 44, rubber tube 45, cross tube 46, long tube gear 47, short shaft 48, main frame 49, side control shaft 50, constant speed gear 51, constant speed shaft 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the technical solutions in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 12The present invention provides a technical solution: a CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves, comprising a CNC machine tool body 1, a machining chamber on the CNC machine tool body 1 is provided with a machined cylinder sleeve 2, a clamping seat 3 for driving the cylinder sleeve 2 to rotate, and a tool mechanism 4 for cutting, the tool mechanism 4 comprising a tool part 5, a control cylinder 6 for supporting the tool part 5, a braking device 7 for driving the control cylinder 6 to rotate, an adjusting part 8 for reverse adjustment control of the tool part 5, and a ring frame 9 for supporting the braking device 7 and the adjusting part 8, the adjusting part 8 and the braking device 7 are transmission-connected, the CNC machine tool body 1 and the clamping seat 3 are both prior art devices.

[0031] refer to Figure 4 It is understood that the tool part 5 includes a tool 11 for cutting the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 2, a tool bed plate 13 for fixing and supporting the tool 11, a conical deformation body 12 distributed in the conical hole on the tool bed plate 13, a reaction integration 14 for elastically supporting the conical deformation body 12, and a restraining ring plate 10 arranged on the outside of the control tube 6, the restraining ring plate 10 and the reaction integration 14 are connected, one end of the tool bed plate 13 is fixed on the control tube 6, and the control tube 6 supports the reaction integration 14.

[0032] The clamping seat 3 is connected to the driving mechanism in the CNC machine tool body 1. The clamping seat 3 rotates at high speed to drive the cylinder sleeve 2. The displacement mechanism in the CNC machine tool body 1 drives the tool mechanism 4 to translate, and then the tool 11 contacts the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 2, and then the tool 11 translates axially along the cylinder sleeve 2, so that the tool 11 cuts the high-speed rotating cylinder sleeve 2. Under normal circumstances, although the tool 11 will heat up, the cutting is rapid and the temperature increase effect is negligible. Under abnormal circumstances, the material of the cylinder sleeve 2 itself is affected, or the cutting area is increased, and the tool 11 is in a long-term and high-pressure resistant working state, the tool 11 will overheat, thereby automatically triggering the mitigation cooling mechanism, the speed of the cylinder sleeve 2 remains unchanged, and the tool 11 will perform a circular motion along the rotation direction of the cylinder sleeve 2, so that the speed of the cylinder sleeve 2 relative to the tool 11 is reduced, the cutting between the two is relaxed, the tool 11 is no longer quickly heat-conducted, and the tool 11 dissipates heat, and the temperature of the tool 11 automatically drops.

[0033] refer to Figure 6 It is understood that the reaction integration 14 includes a transfer group 15, an amplification group 16, a support plate 17, a lifting plate 18 and a spring 19. One side of the lifting plate 18 is in contact with the conical deformation body 12 that expands due to heat, and the other side of the lifting plate 18 is in contact with the spring 19. The spring 19 is supported between the lifting plate 18 and the support plate 17. The support plate 17 is fixed to one side of the control cylinder 6. The support plate 17 slides through the plate hole opened on the lifting plate 18 by fixing a straight plate. The amplification group 16 is transmission-connected between the transfer group 15 and the lifting plate 18.

[0034] refer to Figure 7It is understood that the amplification group 16 includes an inclined plate frame 22 fixed on the support plate 17, a pressure shaft 20 supported on the inclined plate frame 22, and a torsion spring 21 and a swing plate 23 supported on the pressure shaft 20. The pressure shaft 20 is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at one end of the swing plate 23, and an arc-shaped rack is fixed to the other end of the swing plate 23. One end of the torsion spring 21 is fixed on the pressure shaft 20, and the other end is fixed on the swing plate 23. One end of the pressure shaft 20 is connected by a fixed gear and a rack meshing transmission vertically arranged on the lifting plate 18.

[0035] refer to Figure 7 It is understood that the adapter group 15 includes a telescopic plate 24, a right-angle frame 25, a J-shaped spring piece 26, a distance increasing gear 27, a sub-shaft 28 and a head position shaft 29. The right-angle frame 25 is fixed on the support plate 17. The right-angle frame 25 supports the sub-shaft 28 and the head position shaft 29. One end of the head position shaft 29 is connected to the arc-shaped rack on the swing plate 23 through a fixed gear meshing transmission connection, and the other end of the head position shaft 29 is connected to the bevel gear fixed at one end of the sub-shaft 28 through a fixed bevel gear meshing transmission connection. The other end is connected by a fixed increasing distance gear 27 and a row of teeth provided on the telescopic plate 24 through meshing transmission, the telescopic plate 24 slides through the inner hole of the square tube fixed on the right angle frame 25, and one end of the telescopic plate 24 is vertically fixed on the check ring plate 10, one end of the J-shaped spring 26 is fixed on the right angle frame 25, and the other end is stuck in the arc groove opened on the telescopic plate 24, and the branch shaft 28 and the head shaft 29 are respectively movably sleeved in the two through holes opened on the right angle frame 25.

[0036] refer to Figure 8 It is understood that the brake device 7 includes a neck plate 30, a first disc gear 31 and a conversion unit 32. The middle part of the first disc gear 31 is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at one end of the neck plate 30 by setting a shaft body. The other end of the neck plate 30 is fixed on the ring frame 9. A plurality of conversion units 32 are evenly arranged around the first disc gear 31. The conversion unit 32 includes a small disc gear 33 meshing with the first disc gear 31, a unit shaft 35 vertically fixed in the middle part of the small disc gear 33, and a worm gear vertically driven by the unit shaft 35. 36, and a unit frame 34 supporting a unit shaft 35 and a worm 36, the unit frame 34 is fixed on the ring frame 9, and the unit frame 34 is inserted into the annular groove provided on the outer wall of the control cylinder 6 by a fixed arc plate, one end of the worm 36 is connected by meshing transmission with a fixed bevel gear and a bevel gear fixed at the end of the unit shaft 35, the control cylinder 6 is connected by meshing transmission with a helical tooth on an outer gear ring and the worm 36, the unit shaft 35 and the worm 36 are respectively movably sleeved in two through holes provided on the unit frame 34.

[0037] The adjustment part 8 includes an external control group 37, an overlap gear 38, a Z-frame 39 and a speed change group 40. One end of the Z-frame 39 clamps the outer edge of the restraining ring plate 10 through a fixed concave plate, and one end of the overlap gear 38 is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at the other end of the Z-frame 39 through a fixed shaft. One side of the overlap gear 38 is transmission-connected to the external control group 37, and one end of the external control group 37 is transmission-connected to the speed change group 40, and the speed change group 40 and the first disc gear 31 are in contact transmission.

[0038] The speed change group 40 includes a long plate rack 44, a rubber tube 45, a cross tube 46 and a long tube gear 47. One end of the cross tube 46 is movably sleeved in the inner hole of the cylinder fixed on the long plate rack 44, and the other end of the cross tube 46 is vertically transmitted through the fixed long tube gear 47 and the external control group 37. The rubber tube 45 is fixed on the cross tube 46, and the rubber tube 45 is in vertical contact with the bottom surface of the first plate gear 31.

[0039] The speed change group 40 also includes a limit frame 41, a reversing shaft 42 and a reversing gear 43. One end of the limit frame 41 is fixed on the ring frame 9, the Z-frame 39 slides through the plate hole opened on the limit frame 41, and the long plate rack 44 slides through the inner hole of the square cylinder fixed on the limit frame 41. One end of the reversing shaft 42 is movably sleeved in the inner hole of the convex plate set on the limit frame 41. The reversing shaft 42 is connected to the fixed cylinder gear and a row of teeth and grooves opened on the Z-frame 39 through meshing transmission, and the other end of the reversing shaft 42 is connected to the fixed reversing gear 43 and a row of teeth and grooves opened on the long plate rack 44 through meshing transmission.

[0040] The external control group 37 includes a main frame 49, a short shaft 48 supported on the main frame 49, a side control shaft 50 and a constant speed shaft 52, and a constant speed gear 51 fixed at one end of the constant speed shaft 52. One end of the main frame 49 is fixed on the ring frame 9, and the lap gear 38 is connected to the constant speed gear 51 through axial movement. One end of the side control shaft 50 is meshed and connected with the bevel gear fixed at one end of the short shaft 48 through a fixed bevel gear. The other end of the side control shaft 50 is meshed and connected with the lap gear 38 through a fixed gear. The other end of the short shaft 48 is meshed and connected with the long cylinder gear 47 through a fixed gear. The other end of the constant speed shaft 52 is externally connected to the motor drive mechanism set in the CNC machine tool body 1. The short shaft 48, the side control shaft 50 and the constant speed shaft 52 are respectively movably sleeved in three through holes opened on the main frame 49. Fig.12It is understood that the overlap gear 38 is always meshed and connected with the gear on the side control shaft 50 during axial movement, but it needs to move axially before it can contact and mesh with the fixed speed gear 51. Here, the Z-frame 39 is elastically pushed, and then the Z-frame 39 drives the overlap gear 38 to move axially. The short shaft 48 and the gear and the long cylinder gear 47 are always meshed and connected. The rubber cylinder 45 drives the first disc gear 31 to rotate by rotating, and the long cylinder gear 47 and the rubber cylinder 45 are synchronously translated to the left, and the rubber cylinder 45 gradually approaches the middle of the first disc gear 31. The speed of the rubber cylinder 45 remains unchanged, and then the first disc gear 31 speed will increase, and conversely the rubber tube 45 moves close to the edge of the first disc gear 31, and the speed of the first disc gear 31 will decrease, provided that the lap gear 38 has been docked and meshed with the constant speed gear 51, and the constant speed shaft 52 rotates, and the side control shaft 50 is driven by the lap gear 38, and then the long cylinder gear 47 is driven by the short shaft 48, and the long cylinder gear 47, the cross cylinder 46 and the rubber tube 45 rotate synchronously. In addition, the axial movement of the long cylinder gear 47 is due to the translation of the long plate rack 44, that is, the movement of the Z-frame 39 drives the reversing shaft 42 to rotate, and the rotation of the reversing gear 43 drives the long plate rack 44 to translate.

[0041] When the tool 11 is stationary, the cylinder sleeve 2 rotates at a high speed, and excessive cutting causes the temperature of the tool 11 to rise. The heat on the tool 11 is transferred to the tool bed plate 13, and then to the conical deformation body 12. The conical deformation body 12 expands due to the heat and presses the lifting plate 18. Figure 6 The lifting plate 18 in the lowering of the Figure 7 The pressure shaft 20 in the middle rotates, and then drives the swing plate 23 through the torsion spring 21. The swing plate 23 drives the head shaft 29 to rotate during its swing, and then drives the increasing distance gear 27 through the split shaft 28. The increasing distance gear 27 rotates to drive the telescopic plate 24 to translate, and then drives the check ring plate 10 to move axially. Here, the control cylinder 6 drives the tool part 5 to rotate as a whole, and the check ring plate 10 rotates with it. However, a connection is established between the check ring plate 10 and the Z-frame 39. The rotation of the check ring plate 10 does not affect the neck plate 30, but the axial movement of the check ring plate 10 will drive the Z-frame 39 to move. The movement of the Z-frame 39 will trigger the emergency transmission mechanism. The emergency transmission mechanism Under the mechanism, the tool 11 performs a circular motion. In addition, the J-shaped spring piece 26 elastically holds the telescopic plate 24, and cooperates with the torsion spring 21 to drive the swing plate 23 to swing. In this way, the small-scale thermal expansion of the conical deformation body 12 will not trigger the subsequent emergency transmission, that is, cutting under normal circumstances will not cause speed adjustment. When the tool 11 is overheated, the conical deformation body 12 expands excessively due to heat, the lifting plate 18 moves a sufficient distance, and the pressure shaft 20 rotates at a large angle. The pressure provided by the torsion spring 21 to the swing plate 23 is greater than the influence of the J-shaped spring piece 26. Finally, the transmission occurs, and the telescopic plate 24 translates to drive the restraining ring plate 10, thereby triggering the emergency transmission.

[0042] The restraining ring plate 10 drives the Z-frame 39 to move. It has been introduced before that the translation of the Z-frame 39 will subsequently cause the establishment of transmission inside the external control group 37. The constant speed shaft 52 always maintains a high-speed rotation state during the cutting process. Once the lap gear 38 and the constant speed gear 51 are docked, the transmission path is established, and the subsequent transmission causes the rubber tube 45 to rotate at a high speed. The rubber tube 45 drives the first disc gear 31, and the first disc gear 31 drives the small disc gear 33, and then drives the worm 36 through the unit shaft 35, thereby causing the control tube 6 to rotate. The control tube 6 drives the tool part 5 to rotate synchronously as a whole, that is, the tool 11 will move in a circle along the rotation direction of the cylinder sleeve 2, so that the rotation speed of the cylinder sleeve 2 relative to the tool 11 decreases, the cutting work is eased, and the tool 11 will not heat up sharply.

[0043] When the J-shaped spring piece 26 is broken, the deformation and expansion degree of the conical deformation body 12 corresponds to the translation distance of the telescopic plate 24, and then the Z-shaped frame 39 is driven by the containment ring plate 10. The movement distance of the Z-shaped frame 39 affects the speed change group 40. In this way, the expansion degree of the conical deformation body 12 corresponds to the axial movement distance of the long cylinder gear 47, that is, the greater the expansion of the conical deformation body 12, Fig.12 The closer the rubber tube 45 is to the middle of the first disc gear 31, the rotation speed of the rubber tube 45 remains unchanged, the rotation speed of the first disc gear 31 reaches the maximum, and the orbiting speed of the subsequent transmission tool 11 reaches the maximum. In the orbiting motion mode of the tool 11, the orbiting speed of the tool 11 will be automatically adjusted and changed. The initial rapid orbiting motion of the tool 11 reduces the cutting speed to the maximum extent. In addition, the tool 11 dissipates heat by itself, the temperature of the tool 11 drops, and the conical deformation body 12 is relatively deformed and contracted. After subsequent transmission adjustment, the transmission is fed back to the tool 11, and the orbiting speed of the tool 11 is reduced. In turn, the cutting speed increases again. The temperature influence causes the conical deformation body 12 to expand due to heat. In short, the orbiting speed of the tool 11 is automatically adjusted. After the adjustment, the tool 11 keeps rotating at a constant speed. At this speed, the tool 11 cuts the high-speed rotating cylinder sleeve 2. Although the tool 11 generates heat, it will not overheat. Because once it overheats, the subsequent deformation and transmission will cause the orbiting speed of the tool 11 to increase, so it will eventually maintain a balanced state. The tool 11 smoothly cuts the cylinder sleeve 2 to avoid overheating damage.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining a cylinder liner, comprising a CNC machine tool body (1), characterized in that: A machining chamber on the CNC machine tool body (1) is provided with a cylinder sleeve (2) to be machined, a clamping seat (3) for driving the cylinder sleeve (2) to rotate, and a tool mechanism (4) for cutting. The tool mechanism (4) comprises a tool portion (5), a control cylinder (6) for supporting the tool portion (5), a braking device (7) for driving the control cylinder (6) to rotate, an adjusting portion (8) for reversely adjusting the tool portion (5), and a ring frame (9) for supporting the braking device (7) and the adjusting portion (8). The adjusting portion (8) and the braking device (7) are in driving connection.

2. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool portion (5) includes a tool (11) for cutting the outer wall of a cylinder sleeve (2), a tool bed plate (13) for fixing and supporting the tool (11), a conical deformation body (12) distributed in a conical hole on the tool bed plate (13), a reaction assembly (14) for elastically supporting the conical deformation body (12), and a restraining ring plate (10) arranged outside the control cylinder (6), wherein the restraining ring plate (10) and the reaction assembly (14) are connected, one end of the tool bed plate (13) is fixed on the control cylinder (6), and the control cylinder (6) supports the reaction assembly (14).

3. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction assembly (14) comprises a transfer group (15), an amplification group (16), a support plate (17), a lifting plate (18) and a spring (19); one side of the lifting plate (18) contacts the conical deformation body (12) that expands due to heat, and the other side of the lifting plate (18) contacts the spring (19); the spring (19) is supported between the lifting plate (18) and the support plate (17); the support plate (17) is fixed to one side of the control cylinder (6); the support plate (17) slides through a plate hole opened on the lifting plate (18) by fixing a straight plate; the amplification group (16) is transmission-connected between the transfer group (15) and the lifting plate (18).

4. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The amplification group (16) comprises an inclined plate frame (22) fixed on the support plate (17), a pressure shaft (20) supported on the inclined plate frame (22), and a torsion spring (21) and a swing plate (23) supported on the pressure shaft (20); the pressure shaft (20) is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at one end of the swing plate (23), and an arc-shaped rack is fixed to the other end of the swing plate (23); one end of the torsion spring (21) is fixed to the pressure shaft (20), and the other end is fixed to the swing plate (23); one end of the pressure shaft (20) is meshed and transmission-connected with a rack vertically arranged on the lifting plate (18) through a fixed gear.

5. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adapter group (15) comprises a telescopic plate (24), a right-angle frame (25), a J-shaped spring sheet (26), a distance increasing gear (27), a split shaft (28) and a head position shaft (29). The right-angle frame (25) is fixed on the support plate (17). The right-angle frame (25) supports the split shaft (28) and the head position shaft (29). One end of the head position shaft (29) is connected to the arc-shaped rack on the swing plate (23) through a fixed gear meshing transmission. The other end of the head position shaft (29) is connected to the split shaft (28) through a fixed bevel gear and a gear meshing transmission. A bevel gear is fixed at one end of the shaft (28) for meshing transmission connection, and the other end of the split shaft (28) is meshing transmission connection through a fixed distance increasing gear (27) and a row of teeth arranged on the telescopic plate (24). The telescopic plate (24) slides through the inner hole of the square tube fixed on the right angle frame (25), and one end of the telescopic plate (24) is vertically fixed on the restraining ring plate (10). One end of the J-shaped spring sheet (26) is fixed on the right angle frame (25), and the other end is clamped into an arc groove provided on the telescopic plate (24).

6. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The braking device (7) comprises a neck plate (30), a first disc gear (31) and a conversion unit (32); the middle portion of the first disc gear (31) is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at one end of the neck plate (30) by means of a shaft body; the other end of the neck plate (30) is fixed on a ring frame (9); a plurality of conversion units (32) are evenly arranged around the first disc gear (31); the conversion unit (32) comprises a small disc gear (33) meshingly connected to the first disc gear (31), and a unit shaft vertically fixed in the middle portion of the small disc gear (33). (35), a worm (36) vertically transmitted with the unit shaft (35), and a unit frame (34) supporting the unit shaft (35) and the worm (36), wherein the unit frame (34) is fixed on the ring frame (9), and the unit frame (34) is inserted into the ring groove provided on the outer wall of the control cylinder (6) through a fixed arc plate, one end of the worm (36) is meshed and connected to the bevel gear fixed at the end of the unit shaft (35) through a fixed bevel gear, and the control cylinder (6) is meshed and connected to the helical teeth on the worm (36) through an outer gear ring.

7. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment portion (8) comprises an external control group (37), an overlap gear (38), a Z-shaped frame (39) and a speed change group (40); one end of the Z-shaped frame (39) clamps the outer edge of the restraining ring plate (10) through a fixed concave plate; one end of the overlap gear (38) is movably sleeved in a through hole opened at the other end of the Z-shaped frame (39) through a fixed shaft; one side of the overlap gear (38) is transmission-connected to the external control group (37); one end of the external control group (37) is transmission-connected to the speed change group (40); and the speed change group (40) and the first disc gear (31) are in contact transmission.

8. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 7, characterized in that: The speed change group (40) comprises a long plate rack (44), a rubber tube (45), a transverse tube (46) and a long tube gear (47); one end of the transverse tube (46) is movably sleeved in an inner hole of a tube fixed on the long plate rack (44); the other end of the transverse tube (46) is vertically driven through a fixed long tube gear (47) and an external control group (37); a rubber tube (45) is fixedly sleeved on the transverse tube (46), and the rubber tube (45) is in vertical contact with the bottom surface of the first plate gear (31).

9. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 8, characterized in that: The speed change group (40) further comprises a limit frame (41), a reversing shaft (42) and a reversing gear (43); one end of the limit frame (41) is fixed on the ring frame (9); the Z-shaped frame (39) slides through a plate hole provided on the limit frame (41); the long plate rack (44) slides through an inner hole of a square cylinder fixed on the limit frame (41); one end of the reversing shaft (42) is movably sleeved in an inner hole of a convex plate provided on the limit frame (41); the reversing shaft (42) is meshed and driven with a row of teeth and grooves provided on the fixed cylinder gear and the Z-shaped frame (39); and the other end of the reversing shaft (42) is meshed and driven with a row of teeth and grooves provided on the fixed reversing gear (43) and the long plate rack (44).

10. A CNC machine tool with controllable cutting speed for machining cylinder sleeves according to claim 8, characterized in that: The external control group (37) comprises a main frame (49), a short shaft (48) supported on the main frame (49), a side control shaft (50) and a constant speed shaft (52), and a constant speed gear (51) fixed at one end of the constant speed shaft (52); one end of the main frame (49) is fixed on the ring frame (9); the lap gear (38) is connected to the constant speed gear (51) by axial movement; one end of the side control shaft (50) is meshed and connected to the bevel gear fixed at one end of the short shaft (48) through a fixed bevel gear; the other end of the side control shaft (50) is meshed and connected to the lap gear (38) through a fixed gear; and the other end of the short shaft (48) is meshed and connected to the long cylinder gear (47) through a fixed gear.

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