Efficient low-emission power plant combustor and control system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient low-emission power plant combustor and a control system thereof. The combustor comprises a turbine body, a fuel tank, a tail gas tank, a gas mixing disc and the like, an outer shell in the turbine body is communicated with a combustion-supporting gas inlet bin and the combustion chamber, the fuel tank and the tail gas tank supply materials to the gas mixing disc, and fuel, combustion-supporting air and tail gas are mixed through the gas mixing disc and then combusted in the combustion chamber. The control system comprises a control module, a monitoring module, an adjusting module, a safety protection module and a communication module, the control module adopts a Siemens controller to achieve accurate control, the monitoring module monitors key parameters in real time, the adjusting module adjusts the air-fuel ratio, the safety protection module guarantees safety, and the communication module achieves remote monitoring. The combustor can improve the combustion efficiency and reduce pollutant emission, has intelligent control and safety guarantee, is suitable for the field of power generation of power plants, and meets the requirements for environmental protection and efficient operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to hydropower generation, and in particular to a high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner and a control system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the power generation process of power plants, the burner is one of the key equipment, and its performance directly affects the power generation efficiency and pollutant emission level of the power plant. There are many problems with traditional power plant burners, such as the combustion efficiency is not ideal, resulting in serious energy waste. During the combustion process, the fuel cannot be fully burned, and part of the energy cannot be effectively converted into electricity, which increases the operating costs of the power plant. At the same time, the large amount of pollutants discharged causes serious pollution to the environment, including a large amount of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter and other harmful substances, which aggravates environmental problems such as acid rain and haze, and does not meet modern environmental protection requirements.

[0003] In addition, the control system of traditional burners has relatively simple functions and lacks precise automatic control capabilities. It is not accurate enough when adjusting parameters such as air-fuel ratio and load during the combustion process, and it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of efficient and stable operation under different working conditions. Moreover, the safety protection measures are not perfect. In the case of abnormal gas pressure and flame failure, protection cannot be carried out in a timely and effective manner, which is easy to cause safety accidents and pose a threat to the stable operation of the power plant and the safety of personnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, low-emission power plant burner to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner, comprising: The turbine body has an outer shell inside, the outer shell is connected with the combustion-supporting air intake bin and the combustion chamber at the front end, the combustion-supporting air intake bin is used to provide combustion-supporting air to the combustion chamber, and the rear end of the turbine body is connected to the stepper motor through a chain; A fuel tank is connected to the mixing plate through a delivery pipeline, and the fuel tank is used to provide fuel to the combustion chamber; An exhaust tank is connected to the mixing plate through a pipeline, and the exhaust tank is used to provide exhaust gas to the combustion chamber, and the exhaust gas bin arranged at the rear end of the combustion chamber is connected to the exhaust tank; A mixing plate is arranged in the outer shell, and a plurality of nozzle mounting holes are provided on the mixing plate for mounting gas nozzles, the nozzle mounting holes are connected with the gas channel and the gas cavity, and the nozzle mounting holes are connected with the tail gas cavity through the diversion pipeline, and the mixing plate is used to mix the fuel, the combustion-supporting air and the tail gas; An ignition device, arranged below the gas nozzle in the outer shell, for igniting the mixed gas; A flame monitoring device, arranged in the combustion chamber, for monitoring the flame state; The control system is connected with the stepper motor, the ignition device and the flame monitoring device and is used to control the operation of the burner.

[0006] Furthermore, a fuel preheating device is provided in the fuel tank, and the fuel preheating device is connected to the control system. The control system can control the working state of the fuel preheating device according to the temperature and viscosity parameters of the fuel; when the fuel temperature is lower than the preset temperature range, the fuel preheating device starts to heat the fuel so that the fuel reaches a suitable injection state to ensure that the fuel can be fully atomized, mixed and burned in the combustion chamber, thereby improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the pollutant emissions caused by incomplete combustion of the fuel; and the fuel preheating device has an overheating protection function, which automatically stops heating when the temperature exceeds the safety threshold to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0007] Furthermore, an exhaust gas purification device is installed on the connecting pipe between the exhaust tank and the exhaust gas bin, and the exhaust gas purification device includes an adsorbent layer and a catalyst layer; the adsorbent layer can effectively adsorb particulate matter and sulfur dioxide pollutants in the exhaust gas, and the catalyst layer can promote the chemical reaction of harmful nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas and convert them into harmless nitrogen and water substances; the exhaust gas purification device is connected to the control system, and the control system can adjust the working parameters of the exhaust gas purification device according to the composition and concentration of the exhaust gas in the exhaust tank and the operating conditions parameters of the combustion chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer side of the outer shell is coated with a thermal insulation layer, which is made of nano aerogel felt material; the nano aerogel felt has an extremely low thermal conductivity, which can effectively prevent the internal heat of the burner from dissipating outward, reduce heat loss, and improve the thermal efficiency of the burner; at the same time, the outer surface of the thermal insulation layer is coated with a fire-retardant coating, which has good high temperature resistance and flame retardant properties. When encountering open flames or high temperatures, it can quickly expand to form an insulation layer, preventing the outer shell from being damaged by external fire sources, enhancing the safety of the burner, and the fire-retardant coating also has waterproof and moisture-proof properties, which can extend the service life of the thermal insulation layer and ensure its long-term stable insulation effect.

[0009] A control system for a high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner, comprising: Control module: The control module adopts Siemens LMV5X series controller as the control device of the burner ignition program. It has fuel and air ratio control, auxiliary optimization oxygen regulation system and blast burner power regulation functions. It has various safe, stable and reliable automatic control functions and precise auxiliary regulation control functions, as well as electronic proportional load regulation functions. It can accurately realize the output of each load point and linear control, ensuring the stable combustion operation of the burner and meeting the emission standards; Monitoring module, the monitoring module includes a flame monitoring device, an air pressure monitoring device and a temperature monitoring device. The flame monitoring device is used to monitor the flame during ignition and operation, and is adapted to the intermittent or continuous operation of the burner. If a flame signal is detected during the pre-purge, interlock protection should be immediately performed. During normal operation, the flame failure response time does not exceed 1s, otherwise interlock protection should be performed; the air pressure monitoring device is used to verify the wind pressure when the fan is started, and the protection control is realized by monitoring the pressure and flow parameters under the air supply state during the start-up and operation of the burner. The parameter setting matches the minimum output thermal power; the temperature monitoring device is used to monitor the temperature in the combustion chamber in real time; The regulating module includes an electronic ratio regulating device, which is equipped with a servo motor and acts on the opening of the gas butterfly valve, the air damper and the auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper on the burner to adjust the air-fuel ratio and ensure sufficient combustion. The Siemens actuator SQM4X series is used in conjunction with the control module to control the regulating device according to the current burner power; Safety protection module, the safety protection module includes a gas pressure protection device, an automatic safety shut-off valve and a gas valve leak detection device. The gas pressure protection device is used for real-time monitoring of high and low pressures of gas in the gas valve group on the gas burner, and can interlock protection when the gas pressure is lower than the low pressure setting value or exceeds 1.3 times the design value; the automatic safety shut-off valve is two normally closed valves, which close automatically and quickly when the power drive is lost; the gas valve leak detection device is used for the detection of the gas valve group cavity and the electric valve, ensuring that the downstream valve of the two gas valves installed in series is opened within 3s during the leak detection process, and the monitoring pressure limit interval is 0-5kPa; Communication module, the communication module is used to communicate with external devices to achieve remote monitoring and control. The process parameters can be uploaded to the DCS operation station interface for monitoring and display according to needs through the network port or RS485 port of the control module. The operation mode can realize remote and local operation, and the local operation can realize automatic and manual operation, achieving the requirements of safety, reliability, energy saving, and integrated management and control.

[0010] Furthermore, the control module is preset with multiple combustion modes, including start-up mode, low-load operation mode, high-load operation mode and emergency shutdown mode; in the start-up mode, the control module gradually adjusts the speed of the stepper motor, the fuel supply flow rate and the intake volume of the combustion air according to the preset start-up procedure to ensure smooth start-up of the burner; in the low-load operation mode, the control module accurately controls each adjustment device according to the actual load demand, so that the burner can still maintain a high combustion efficiency and low pollutant emissions under low-load conditions; in the high-load operation mode, the control module optimizes the operating parameters of each component to ensure that the burner can operate stably and efficiently to meet the high-load power generation needs of the power plant; the emergency shutdown mode is quickly started in the event of a sudden failure or safety hazard, immediately stops the operation of the burner, and sends out an alarm signal to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature monitoring device in the monitoring module adopts multiple high-precision thermocouple sensors, which are arranged at different positions in the combustion chamber, including the flame center area, the combustion chamber wall and the exhaust gas outlet; these thermocouple sensors can measure the temperature of each key part in real time and accurately, and transmit the temperature data to the control module; based on the received temperature data, the control module can judge whether the combustion condition in the combustion chamber is normal, such as whether the flame temperature is within a reasonable range, whether the temperature of the combustion chamber wall is too high to prevent overheating damage; on the other hand, it can also predict possible failures of the burner according to the temperature change trend, take corresponding measures in advance for adjustment or maintenance, and provide data support for the optimized operation of the burner to achieve precise control.

[0012] Furthermore, the electronic ratio control device in the regulation module has an intelligent learning function; during the operation of the burner, the electronic ratio control device continuously collects fuel flow, combustion air flow, combustion chamber temperature, pressure and exhaust gas composition data, and compares and analyzes these data with the ideal operating status data of the burner; through the machine learning algorithm, the electronic ratio control device gradually masters the optimal air-fuel ratio regulation law of the burner under different operating conditions, so as to automatically optimize the regulation strategy; when the fuel quality changes or the burner operating environment changes, the electronic ratio control device can respond quickly according to the learned knowledge, adjust the opening of the gas butterfly valve, air damper and auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper, ensure that the burner always maintains a high-efficiency, low-emission operating state, and improve the adaptability and stability of the burner to different operating conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas pressure protection device in the safety protection module adopts a redundant design, including two independent pressure sensors and two control units; the two pressure sensors monitor the gas pressure in real time respectively, and when one of the pressure sensors detects that the gas pressure is abnormal, the corresponding control unit immediately starts the interlock protection, and transmits the signal to the other control unit for cross-verification; only when both control units confirm that the gas pressure is abnormal, will the final interlock protection action be executed, such as cutting off the gas supply and stopping the burner operation; this redundant design greatly improves the reliability of gas pressure monitoring, effectively avoids misjudgment or protection failure caused by failure of a single sensor or control unit, and ensures that the burner can be protected in a timely and accurate manner when the gas pressure is abnormal, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the communication module supports multiple communication protocols, including MODBUS, PROFINET, and OPC UA, so as to communicate seamlessly with external devices of different brands and models; the communication module has a data encryption function, and adopts an advanced encryption standard algorithm to encrypt the transmitted data to ensure the security and confidentiality of the data during the transmission process, and prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with; at the same time, the communication module also has a communication fault self-diagnosis and automatic recovery function. When a communication link fails, it can quickly detect the cause of the fault and try to automatically restore communication; if the fault cannot be automatically recovered, the communication module will promptly send an alarm signal to the control system to notify the operator to handle it, so as to ensure the continuity and stability of remote monitoring and control of the burner.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The burner of the present invention has a unique structural design, such as setting a mixing disk to fully mix the fuel, combustion air and exhaust gas, so that the fuel can be more fully burned in the combustion chamber, effectively improving the combustion efficiency, reducing energy waste, and reducing the operating costs of the power plant.

[0016] The complete combustion of fuel and the rational reuse of tail gas reduce the generation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and particulate matter. At the same time, the installation of tail gas tanks and tail gas purification devices further treats the tail gas to a lower emission standard, which is more environmentally friendly and meets environmental protection requirements.

[0017] The Siemens LMV5X series controller is used as the control module, which has a variety of advanced functions and can accurately control various parameters in the combustion process, achieve stable output at each load point, ensure stable operation of the burner, and ensure up-to-standard emissions. The monitoring module can monitor key parameters such as flame, air pressure and temperature in real time, and provide accurate data support for the control module so that the operating status of the burner can be adjusted in time.

[0018] Components such as the gas pressure protection device, automatic safety shut-off valve and gas valve leak detection device in the safety protection module can effectively monitor the gas pressure and prevent gas leakage. In the event of an abnormal situation, they can quickly cut off the gas supply to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0019] The electronic ratio regulation device in the regulation module can accurately adjust the opening of the gas butterfly valve, air damper and auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper according to the power demand of the burner, optimize the air-fuel ratio, and make the combustion process more stable and efficient. Its intelligent learning function can adapt to different working conditions and further improve the performance of the burner.

[0020] The communication module supports a variety of communication methods and protocols, and can realize communication with external devices. Operators can remotely monitor and operate the burner through the DCS operation station interface or mobile terminal, which not only improves management efficiency, but also facilitates real-time control and maintenance of the burner, achieving safety, reliability, energy saving, and integrated management and control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a gas channel of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an exhaust gas diversion pipeline of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the diversion pipeline and the gas channel of the structure of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Turbine body; 2. Outer shell; 3. Combustion chamber; 4. Exhaust gas compartment; 5. Exhaust gas tank; 6. Mixing plate; 61. Combustion gas chamber; 62. Nozzle mounting hole; 63. Combustion gas channel; 64. Diversion pipe; 65. Exhaust gas chamber; 7. Fuel tank; 8. Combustion-supporting air intake compartment; 9. Stepper motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner mainly consists of a turbine body 1, a fuel tank 7, an exhaust tank 5, a mixing plate 6, an ignition device, a flame monitoring device, a control system and related connecting pipes and components.

[0024] An outer shell 2 is provided inside the turbine body 1, and the outer shell 2 is connected to the combustion air intake bin 8 and the combustion chamber 3 at the front end. The combustion air intake bin 8 is used to provide combustion air to the combustion chamber 3, and an air flow regulating device can be provided inside the combustion air intake bin to accurately control the intake amount of the combustion air. The rear end of the turbine body 1 is connected to the stepper motor 9 through a chain. Under the control of the control system, the stepper motor 9 can accurately adjust the rotation speed of the turbine body 1, thereby affecting the intake pressure and flow of the combustion air to adapt to different combustion conditions. The outer shell 2 is made of high-temperature resistant and high-strength metal materials, such as stainless steel or alloy steel. Its structural design needs to take into account the ability to withstand high temperature and high pressure and good sealing to prevent gas leakage.

[0025] The fuel tank 7 is connected to the mixing plate 6 through a delivery pipeline, and is used to store and supply fuel to the combustion chamber 3. The material of the fuel tank 7 should have good corrosion resistance to meet the storage requirements of different types of fuels. A fuel level monitoring device is provided in the fuel tank 7, and the device can adopt an ultrasonic level sensor or a float level gauge. The ultrasonic level sensor measures the liquid level by emitting ultrasonic pulses and receiving reflected waves, and has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and non-contact measurement; the float level gauge uses the principle that the float rises and falls with the change of the liquid level to indicate the liquid level, and has a simple structure and high reliability. When the fuel level is lower than the set value, the level monitoring device transmits a signal to the control system, and the control system sends an alarm signal to remind the operator to replenish the fuel in time.

[0026] The tail gas tank 5 is connected to the mixing plate 6 through a pipeline, and is used to collect and store the tail gas generated during the combustion process, and transport the tail gas to the combustion chamber 3 for recycling. The tail gas tank 5 is connected to the tail gas bin 4, which is located at the rear end of the combustion chamber 3 and is used to temporarily store the tail gas after combustion. A tail gas purification device is installed on the connecting pipeline between the tail gas tank 5 and the tail gas bin 4, and the tail gas purification device includes an adsorbent layer and a catalyst layer. The adsorbent layer can be made of materials such as activated carbon and molecular sieves to adsorb pollutants such as particulate matter and sulfur dioxide in the tail gas; the catalyst layer can use precious metal catalysts or metal oxide catalysts, such as platinum, palladium, titanium dioxide, etc., to promote the chemical reaction of harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides in the tail gas and convert them into harmless substances such as nitrogen and water. The tail gas purification device is connected to the control system, and the control system adjusts the working parameters of the tail gas purification device, such as the replacement cycle of the adsorbent and the active temperature of the catalyst, according to the parameters such as the composition and concentration of the tail gas in the tail gas tank 5 and the operating conditions of the combustion chamber 3.

[0027] The mixing disk 6 is arranged in the outer shell 2 and is a key component for achieving full mixing of fuel, combustion-supporting air and exhaust gas. The mixing disk 6 is provided with a plurality of nozzle mounting holes 62 for mounting gas nozzles. The nozzle mounting hole 62 is connected with the gas channel 63 and the gas chamber 61. The gas enters the gas chamber 61 from the fuel tank 7 through the gas channel 63 and is then ejected into the combustion chamber 3 through the nozzle mounting hole 62. At the same time, the nozzle mounting hole 62 is connected with the exhaust chamber 65 through the diverter pipe 64. After the exhaust gas enters the exhaust chamber 65 from the exhaust tank 5, it is mixed with the gas at the nozzle mounting hole 62 through the diverter pipe 64. The structural design of the mixing disk 6 should ensure that the gas and exhaust gas can be evenly mixed. The size and shape of its internal channel are optimized and calculated to reduce flow resistance and improve mixing efficiency.

[0028] The ignition device is arranged below the gas nozzle in the outer shell 2 and is used to ignite the mixed gas. The ignition device can be an electric spark igniter or a high-energy igniter. The electric spark igniter generates high-voltage electric sparks to form plasma in the mixed gas of gas and air, thereby igniting the mixed gas; the high-energy igniter uses high-energy arcs to generate high temperatures, so that the mixed gas reaches the ignition point and burns. The ignition device is connected to the control system, and the control system controls the operation of the ignition device according to the start-up program of the burner to ensure that the ignition process is safe and reliable.

[0029] The flame monitoring device is arranged in the combustion chamber 3 to monitor the flame state. The flame monitoring device can adopt an ultraviolet flame detector or an infrared flame detector. The ultraviolet flame detector is sensitive to ultraviolet radiation in the flame. When the flame exists, the detector receives the ultraviolet signal and converts it into an electrical signal to transmit to the control system; the infrared flame detector uses the infrared characteristics emitted by the flame to detect the flame, and has the advantages of fast response speed and strong anti-interference ability. The flame monitoring device is suitable for intermittent or continuous operation of the burner. If a flame signal is detected during the pre-purge, the control system will immediately interlock and stop the burner startup procedure. During normal operation, the flame failure response time shall not exceed 1s, otherwise the control system will interlock and cut off the fuel supply to prevent danger.

[0030] The high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner control system is the core part of the burner, which is connected with the stepper motor 9, the ignition device, the flame monitoring device and other monitoring and regulating devices to control the operation of the burner.

[0031] A control system for a high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner includes a control module, a monitoring module, a regulating module, a safety protection module, a communication module, etc.

[0032] The control module uses Siemens LMV5X series controller as the control device of the burner ignition program. It has fuel and air ratio control and is equipped with auxiliary optimization oxygen regulation system and blast burner power regulation and other functions. When the burner is started, the control module first controls the stepper motor 9 to adjust the air intake of the combustion air intake bin 8, performs pre-purge, removes the combustible gas that may exist in the combustion chamber 3, and prevents explosion during ignition. The pre-purge time can be set according to parameters such as the volume and air intake flow of the combustion chamber 3, generally tens of seconds to several minutes. After the pre-purge is completed, the control module controls the ignition device to ignite, and gradually increases the fuel supply. According to the feedback signal of the flame monitoring device, it is judged whether the ignition is successful. If the ignition fails, the control module immediately stops the fuel supply, and performs another purge and ignition attempt. During the operation of the burner, the control module adjusts the fuel supply and the combustion air intake in real time according to the load demand, which is achieved by controlling the opening of the gas butterfly valve and the damper. At the same time, the auxiliary optimization oxygen regulation system is used to monitor the oxygen content in the combustion chamber to ensure that the air-fuel ratio during the combustion process is in the best state, so as to improve combustion efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. The control module also has an electronic proportional load regulation function, which can accurately achieve the output of each load point, linearly control the power output of the burner, ensure the stable combustion operation of the burner, and meet the emission standards.

[0033] The monitoring module includes a flame monitoring device, an air pressure monitoring device and a temperature monitoring device. As mentioned above, the flame monitoring device is used to monitor the flame state during ignition and operation. The air pressure monitoring device is installed on the air intake pipe of the combustion-supporting air intake bin 8, and is used to verify the wind pressure when the fan is started. The device can use a pressure sensor to achieve protection control by monitoring the pressure and flow parameters under the air supply state during the start-up and operation of the burner. Its parameter setting matches the minimum output thermal power. When the wind pressure is lower than the set value, the control system interlocks to prevent incomplete combustion or extinguishing due to insufficient combustion-supporting air. The temperature monitoring device uses a plurality of thermocouple sensors, which are arranged at different positions of the combustion chamber 3, such as the flame center area, the combustion chamber wall, and the exhaust gas outlet, etc., for real-time monitoring of the temperature in the combustion chamber. The thermocouple sensor converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control module, which determines whether the combustion condition is normal based on the temperature data. If the temperature in the combustion chamber is too high, it may cause damage to the equipment. The control system will take corresponding measures, such as increasing the amount of combustion air, reducing the fuel supply, etc., to reduce the temperature; if the temperature is too low, it may affect the combustion efficiency, and the control system will adjust the combustion parameters to increase the temperature. In addition, the monitoring module may also include an exhaust gas composition monitoring device for real-time monitoring of the composition and content of pollutants in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas composition monitoring device can use a gas analyzer, such as an electrochemical sensor, an infrared spectrometer, etc., to detect pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas, and transmit the data to the control system. When the pollutant content exceeds the emission standard, the control system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the burner, such as changing the air-fuel ratio, adjusting the exhaust gas recirculation volume, etc., to reduce pollutant emissions.

[0034] The regulation module includes an electronic ratio adjustment device, which is equipped with a servo motor to adjust the opening of the gas butterfly valve, air damper and auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper on the burner to adjust the air-fuel ratio and ensure sufficient combustion. The electronic ratio adjustment device adopts the Siemens actuator SQM4X series and is used in conjunction with the control module. During the operation of the burner, the control module calculates the optimal air-fuel ratio under the current working conditions based on the data such as the temperature in the combustion chamber, oxygen content, and exhaust gas composition provided by the monitoring module, and sends a control signal to the electronic ratio adjustment device. The servo motor of the electronic ratio adjustment device drives the gas butterfly valve, air damper and auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper to move according to the control signal, adjusts their opening, and realizes precise regulation of the air-fuel ratio. The electronic ratio adjustment device also has an adaptive adjustment function. During the long-term operation of the burner, it continuously collects and analyzes data such as fuel flow, combustion air flow, combustion chamber temperature, pressure, and exhaust gas composition, and learns the optimal air-fuel ratio adjustment rules under different working conditions. When the fuel quality changes or the burner operating environment changes, the electronic modulation device can automatically adjust the regulation strategy based on the learned knowledge to ensure that the burner always maintains an efficient and low-emission operating state.

[0035] The safety protection module includes a gas pressure protection device, an automatic safety shut-off valve and a gas valve leak detection device. The gas pressure protection device is used for real-time monitoring of the high and low pressures of the gas in the gas valve group on the gas burner, and is installed on the gas supply pipeline. The device can use a pressure switch or a pressure sensor. When the gas pressure is lower than the low pressure setting value or exceeds the design value by 1.3 times, it can interlock and protect, immediately cut off the gas supply, and send an alarm signal to the control system. The automatic safety shut-off valve is two normally closed valves installed in series on the gas supply pipeline. When the power drive is lost, it will close quickly and automatically to prevent gas leakage. The gas valve leak detection device is used to detect the gas valve group cavity and the electric valve, ensuring that the downstream valve of the two gas valves installed in series is opened within 3s during the leak detection process, and the monitoring pressure limit range is 0-5kPa. Leak detection operations are performed regularly before the burner is started and during operation to ensure the sealing of the gas valve and prevent gas leakage from causing safety accidents. In addition, the safety protection module can also include a flame protection device, which works in conjunction with the flame monitoring device. When the flame monitoring device detects that the flame is extinguished, the flame protection device immediately operates to quickly cut off the fuel supply to prevent unburned fuel from accumulating in the combustion chamber 3 and causing dangers such as explosion or fire.

[0036] The communication module is used to communicate with external devices to achieve remote monitoring and control. The communication module can upload process parameters to the DCS operation station interface for monitoring and display according to demand through the network port or RS485 port of the control module. The operator can view the operating status of the burner in real time on the DCS operation station interface, such as fuel flow, combustion air flow, combustion chamber temperature, pressure, flame state, exhaust gas composition and other parameters, and can remotely control the start, stop, load adjustment and other operations of the burner. The communication module supports multiple communication protocols, such as MODBUS, PROFINET, OPC UA, etc., so as to communicate seamlessly with external devices of different brands and models. At the same time, the communication module has a data encryption function, and uses the advanced encryption standard AES algorithm to encrypt the transmitted data to ensure the security and confidentiality of the data during the transmission process, and prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with. The communication module also has the function of self-diagnosis and automatic recovery of communication faults. When a communication link fails, it can quickly detect the cause of the fault and try to automatically restore the communication. If the fault cannot be automatically restored, the communication module will promptly send an alarm signal to the control system to notify the operator to handle it, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of remote monitoring and control of the burner.

[0037] Burner working process The operator checks the status of the burner components on the DCS operation station interface to ensure that there is enough fuel in the fuel tank 7, and that the tail gas tank 5, combustion-supporting air intake bin 8 and other related equipment are normal. Then the control system is started, and the control system performs self-checks to check whether the monitoring devices, regulating devices and safety protection devices are working properly.

[0038] The control system controls the stepper motor 9 to start, adjusts the air intake of the combustion-supporting air intake bin 8, and pre-purges the combustion chamber 3. During the pre-purge process, the flame monitoring device monitors whether there is a flame signal. If there is a flame signal, the pre-purge is stopped immediately, and the control system sends an interlock protection signal to investigate the cause. When the pre-purge time reaches the set value, the pre-purge is completed.

[0039] After the pre-purge is completed, the control system controls the ignition device to ignite, and at the same time slowly opens the valve on the fuel supply pipeline to supply fuel to the combustion chamber 3. The ignition device generates electric sparks or high-energy arcs to ignite the mixture of fuel gas and air. The flame monitoring device monitors the flame state in real time. If the flame monitoring device detects a flame within the specified time of 5-10 seconds, the ignition is successful; if no flame is detected, the ignition fails, and the control system immediately stops the fuel supply, performs another purge and ignition attempt, and repeats the above steps. A maximum of three ignition attempts can be made. If the three ignition attempts fail, the control system sends a fault alarm signal, stops the burner startup program, and notifies the maintenance personnel to perform maintenance.

[0040] After successful ignition, the burner enters normal operation. According to the load demand, the control system calculates the optimal fuel supply flow and combustion air intake under the current working conditions through the control module, and sends a control signal to the adjustment module. According to the control signal, the electronic ratio adjustment device of the adjustment module drives the gas butterfly valve, the air damper and the auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper to adjust their openings to achieve precise adjustment of the air-fuel ratio and ensure full combustion of the fuel. At the same time, the monitoring module monitors the temperature, pressure, oxygen content, exhaust gas composition and other parameters in the combustion chamber in real time, and transmits the data to the control module. The control module determines whether the operating status of the burner is normal based on these data. If the parameters are abnormal, the control system automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the burner, such as adjusting the fuel supply, combustion air intake, exhaust gas recirculation, etc., to keep the burner in the best operating state. If there is a sudden failure or safety hazard, such as abnormal gas pressure, flame extinction, etc., the safety protection module will immediately act to cut off the fuel supply or take other corresponding protection measures to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0041] During the operation of the burner, the operator can remotely monitor the operating status of the burner through the DCS operation station interface or mobile terminal. The DCS operation station interface or mobile terminal displays various operating parameters of the burner in real time, such as fuel flow, combustion air flow, combustion chamber temperature, pressure, flame state, exhaust gas composition, etc. The operator can remotely adjust the burner's load, air-fuel ratio and other parameters according to actual needs to achieve remote control of the burner. At the same time, the communication module uploads the burner's operating data to the superior monitoring system, which is convenient for power plant managers to comprehensively manage and analyze the operation of the entire power plant.

[0042] When shutdown is required, the operator issues a shutdown command on the DCS operation station interface. The control system first gradually reduces the fuel supply and adjusts the air intake of the combustion air intake chamber 8 to slowly cool the burner. When the temperature in the combustion chamber drops to a certain level, such as below 200°C, the control system closes the fuel supply valve and the combustion air intake valve, stops the stepper motor 9, and the burner stops working. After shutdown, the control system continues to monitor the status of each component of the burner to ensure that the equipment is in a safe state.

[0043] Regularly check the outer shell 2 of the turbine body 1 for damage, deformation or leakage. If there is any problem, repair or replace it in time. Check the tension of the chain and adjust it if necessary to ensure normal transmission between the stepper motor 9 and the turbine body 1. Regularly clean the dust and impurities in the combustion air intake bin 8 and the combustion chamber 3 to prevent the airway from being blocked and affecting the combustion performance.

[0044] Regularly check the appearance of the fuel tank 7 to see if there are signs of corrosion, deformation or leakage. Check the accuracy of the fuel level monitoring device and calibrate or replace it in time if there is any deviation. Clean the fuel delivery pipeline regularly to prevent impurities from clogging the pipeline and affecting the fuel supply. At the same time, according to the type and use of the fuel, regularly clean and maintain the fuel tank 7 to ensure that the fuel quality is not contaminated.

[0045] Regularly check the sealing of the tail gas tank 5 to prevent tail gas leakage. Check the performance of the adsorbent layer and catalyst layer in the tail gas purification device, and replace the adsorbent and catalyst in time according to the use time and tail gas purification effect. Regularly clean the pipes before and after the tail gas purification device to prevent dust and impurities from affecting the tail gas circulation and purification effect.

[0046] Regularly check whether the nozzle installation hole 62, gas channel 63 and diversion pipe 64 of the mixing plate 6 are blocked. If blocked, clean them in time. Check the atomization effect of the gas nozzle. If damaged or atomization is poor, replace the nozzle in time. Ensure that the sealing performance of the mixing plate 6 is good to prevent gas leakage.

[0047] Regularly check the electrodes of the ignition device for carbon deposits or damage. If there is any problem, clean or replace the electrodes in time. Test the ignition energy of the ignition device to ensure reliable ignition. For the flame monitoring device, regularly clean the optical window of the detector to ensure its sensitivity and accuracy. At the same time, check whether the circuit connection of the flame monitoring device is normal. If it is loose or damaged, repair it in time.

[0048] Regularly check the hardware equipment of the control system, including controllers, sensors, actuators, communication modules, etc., to see if there is any fault alarm information. If there is any problem, repair or replace the corresponding parts in time. Regularly back up the programs and data in the control system to prevent data loss. Upgrade and optimize the software of the control system to ensure its normal function and stable performance. At the same time, check whether the grounding of the control system is good to prevent electromagnetic interference from affecting the operation of the system.

Claims

1. A high efficiency and low emission power plant burner, characterized by: include: A turbine body (1) is provided with an outer shell (2) inside, the outer shell (2) being in communication with a combustion-supporting air intake bin (8) and a combustion chamber (3) at the front end, the combustion-supporting air intake bin (8) being used to provide combustion-supporting air to the combustion chamber (3), and the rear end of the turbine body (1) being connected to a stepping motor (9) via a chain; A fuel tank (7) is connected to the mixing plate (6) via a delivery pipeline, and the fuel tank (7) is used to supply fuel to the combustion chamber (3); An exhaust gas tank (5) is connected to the mixing plate (6) through a pipeline, the exhaust gas tank (5) is used to provide exhaust gas to the combustion chamber (3), and an exhaust gas bin (4) provided at the rear end of the combustion chamber (3) is connected to the exhaust gas tank (5); A mixing plate (6) is arranged in the outer shell (2), and a plurality of nozzle mounting holes (62) are provided on the mixing plate (6) for mounting gas nozzles, the nozzle mounting holes (62) are connected to the gas channel (63) and the gas cavity (61), and the nozzle mounting holes (62) are connected to the tail gas cavity (65) via the diversion pipe (64), and the mixing plate (6) is used to mix fuel, combustion-supporting air and tail gas; An ignition device, arranged below the fuel gas nozzle in the outer shell (2), and used for igniting the mixed gas; A flame monitoring device, arranged in the combustion chamber (3) and used for monitoring the flame state; A control system is connected to the stepping motor (9), the ignition device and the flame monitoring device, and is used to control the operation of the burner.

2. A control system for a high-efficiency, low-emission power plant burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: Control module: The control module adopts Siemens LMV5X series controller as the control device of the burner ignition program. It has fuel and air ratio control, auxiliary optimization oxygen regulation system and blast burner power regulation functions. It has various safe, stable and reliable automatic control functions and precise auxiliary regulation control functions, as well as electronic proportional load regulation functions. It can accurately realize the output of each load point and linear control, ensuring the stable combustion operation of the burner and meeting the emission standards; Monitoring module, the monitoring module includes a flame monitoring device, an air pressure monitoring device and a temperature monitoring device. The flame monitoring device is used to monitor the flame during ignition and operation, and is adapted to the intermittent or continuous operation of the burner. If a flame signal is detected during the pre-purge, interlock protection should be immediately performed. During normal operation, the flame failure response time does not exceed 1s, otherwise interlock protection should be performed; the air pressure monitoring device is used to verify the wind pressure when the fan is started, and the protection control is realized by monitoring the pressure and flow parameters under the air supply state during the start-up and operation of the burner. The parameter setting matches the minimum output thermal power; the temperature monitoring device is used to monitor the temperature in the combustion chamber in real time; The regulating module includes an electronic ratio regulating device, which is equipped with a servo motor and acts on the opening of the gas butterfly valve, the air damper and the auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper on the burner to adjust the air-fuel ratio and ensure sufficient combustion. The Siemens actuator SQM4X series is used in conjunction with the control module to control the regulating device according to the current burner power; Safety protection module, the safety protection module includes a gas pressure protection device, an automatic safety shut-off valve and a gas valve leak detection device. The gas pressure protection device is used for real-time monitoring of high and low pressures of gas in the gas valve group on the gas burner, and can interlock protection when the gas pressure is lower than the low pressure setting value or exceeds 1.3 times the design value; the automatic safety shut-off valve is two normally closed valves, which close automatically and quickly when the power drive is lost; the gas valve leak detection device is used for the detection of the gas valve group cavity and the electric valve, ensuring that the downstream valve of the two gas valves installed in series is opened within 3s during the leak detection process, and the monitoring pressure limit interval is 0-5kPa; Communication module, the communication module is used to communicate with external devices to achieve remote monitoring and control. The process parameters can be uploaded to the DCS operation station interface for monitoring and display according to needs through the network port or RS485 port of the control module. The operation mode can realize remote and local operation, and the local operation can realize automatic and manual operation, achieving the requirements of safety, reliability, energy saving, and integrated management and control.

3. The high efficiency and low emission power plant burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fuel tank (7) is provided with a fuel preheating device, which is connected to a control system. The control system can control the working state of the fuel preheating device according to the temperature and viscosity parameters of the fuel. When the fuel temperature is lower than a preset temperature range, the fuel preheating device is started to heat the fuel so that the fuel reaches a suitable injection state, thereby ensuring that the fuel can be fully atomized, mixed and burned in the combustion chamber (3), thereby improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the pollutant emissions generated by incomplete combustion of the fuel. The fuel preheating device also has an overheating protection function, and automatically stops heating when the temperature exceeds a safety threshold, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the system.

4. The high efficiency and low emission power plant burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An exhaust gas purification device is installed on the connecting pipe between the exhaust tank (5) and the exhaust bin (4), and the exhaust gas purification device includes an adsorbent layer and a catalyst layer; the adsorbent layer can effectively adsorb particulate matter and sulfur dioxide pollutants in the exhaust gas, and the catalyst layer can promote the chemical reaction of nitrogen oxide harmful substances in the exhaust gas to convert them into harmless nitrogen and water substances; the exhaust gas purification device is connected to a control system, and the control system can adjust the working parameters of the exhaust gas purification device according to the composition and concentration of the exhaust gas in the exhaust tank (5) and the operating condition parameters of the combustion chamber (3).

5. The high efficiency and low emission power plant burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer side of the outer shell (2) is coated with a thermal insulation layer, which is made of nano-aerogel felt material; the nano-aerogel felt has an extremely low thermal conductivity coefficient, which can effectively prevent the internal heat of the burner from being lost to the outside, reduce heat loss, and improve the thermal efficiency of the burner; at the same time, the outer surface of the thermal insulation layer is coated with a fireproof coating, which has good high temperature resistance and flame retardant properties. When encountering open flames or high temperatures, it can quickly expand to form an insulation layer, thereby preventing the outer shell (2) from being damaged by external fire sources and enhancing the safety of the burner. In addition, the fireproof coating also has waterproof and moisture-proof properties, which can extend the service life of the thermal insulation layer and ensure its long-term stable insulation effect.

6. The control system of the high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner according to claim 2 is characterized by: The control module is preset with a plurality of combustion modes, including a start-up mode, a low-load operation mode, a high-load operation mode and an emergency stop mode; in the start-up mode, the control module gradually adjusts the rotation speed of the stepper motor (9), the fuel supply flow rate and the intake volume of the combustion air according to the preset start-up program to ensure smooth start-up of the burner; in the low-load operation mode, the control module accurately controls each adjustment device according to the actual load demand, so that the burner can still maintain a high combustion efficiency and low pollutant emissions under low-load conditions; in the high-load operation mode, the control module optimizes the operating parameters of each component to ensure that the burner can operate stably and efficiently to meet the high-load power generation requirements of the power plant; the emergency stop mode is quickly activated in the event of a sudden failure or safety hazard, immediately stops the operation of the burner, and sends an alarm signal to ensure the safety of equipment and personnel.

7. The control system of the high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner according to claim 2 is characterized by: The temperature monitoring device in the monitoring module uses a plurality of high-precision thermocouple sensors, which are arranged at different positions of the combustion chamber (3), including the flame center area, the combustion chamber wall and the exhaust gas outlet; these thermocouple sensors can measure the temperature of each key part in real time and accurately, and transmit the temperature data to the control module; based on the received temperature data, the control module can determine whether the combustion condition in the combustion chamber is normal, such as whether the flame temperature is within a reasonable range, whether the combustion chamber wall temperature is too high to prevent overheating damage; on the other hand, it can also predict possible faults of the burner based on the temperature change trend, take corresponding measures in advance for adjustment or maintenance, and provide data support for the optimized operation of the burner to achieve precise control.

8. The control system of the high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner according to claim 2 is characterized by: The electronic ratio control device in the regulation module has an intelligent learning function; during the operation of the burner, the electronic ratio control device continuously collects fuel flow, combustion air flow, combustion chamber temperature, pressure and exhaust gas composition data, and compares and analyzes these data with the ideal operating status data of the burner; through the machine learning algorithm, the electronic ratio control device gradually masters the optimal air-fuel ratio regulation law of the burner under different operating conditions, so as to automatically optimize the regulation strategy; when the fuel quality changes or the burner operating environment changes, the electronic ratio control device can respond quickly according to the learned knowledge, adjust the opening of the gas butterfly valve, the air damper and the auxiliary recirculation flue gas damper, ensure that the burner always maintains an efficient and low-emission operating state, and improve the adaptability and stability of the burner to different operating conditions.

9. The control system of the high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner according to claim 2 is characterized by: The gas pressure protection device in the safety protection module adopts a redundant design, including two independent pressure sensors and two control units; the two pressure sensors monitor the gas pressure in real time respectively, and when one of the pressure sensors detects that the gas pressure is abnormal, the corresponding control unit immediately starts the interlock protection, and transmits the signal to the other control unit for cross-verification; only when both control units confirm that the gas pressure is abnormal, will the final interlock protection action be executed, such as cutting off the gas supply and stopping the burner operation; this redundant design greatly improves the reliability of gas pressure monitoring, effectively avoids misjudgment or protection failure caused by failure of a single sensor or control unit, and ensures that the burner can be protected in a timely and accurate manner when the gas pressure is abnormal, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the equipment.

10. The control system of the high-efficiency and low-emission power plant burner according to claim 2 is characterized by: The communication module supports multiple communication protocols, including MODBUS, PROFINET, and OPC UA, so as to communicate seamlessly with external devices of different brands and models; the communication module has a data encryption function, and adopts an advanced encryption standard algorithm to encrypt the transmitted data to ensure the security and confidentiality of the data during transmission and prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with; at the same time, the communication module also has a communication fault self-diagnosis and automatic recovery function. When a communication link fails, it can quickly detect the cause of the fault and try to automatically restore the communication; if the fault cannot be automatically restored, the communication module will promptly send an alarm signal to the control system to notify the operator to handle it, so as to ensure the continuity and stability of remote monitoring and control of the burner.

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