Concentric multidirectional long-distance combined circular prism and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a concentric multidirectional long-distance combined circular prism and a using method thereof, the device comprises a base and a prism positioning support arranged on the base, and further comprises a group of prism connectors used for installing the circular prism, the prism positioning support comprises a bottom cross rod, a top cross rod and a vertical rod, the bottom cross rod and the top cross rod are connected through a vertical rod, the bottom cross rod and the top cross rod are respectively provided with a vertical positioning hole used for positioning a vertical prism connector, and the vertical rod is provided with a group of transverse positioning holes used for positioning a transverse prism connector. A plurality of circular prisms can be mounted at different heights of the same plumb line of a control point, simultaneous, stable and accurate total station measurement in multiple directions is realized at the control point, one circular prism is mounted and aligned in each measurement sight line direction and then is fixed, the prisms do not need to be rotated by personnel on duty, and the measurement efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of total station measurement, and in particular to a concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, when there is a need for total station measurement in multiple directions for a certain control point (for example, total stations are placed in multiple locations and use this control point for free station measurement), a 360° prism is generally installed on the base of the control point for use, but in terms of measurement stability and accuracy, the 360° prism is not as good as the circular prism. In a single ranging direction, the reflective surface of the circular prism is larger and easier to reflect ranging signals than the 360° prism; in large height difference line of sight measurement, the circular prism mirror can be rotated up and down to enhance the reflection of ranging signals, while the 360° prism is an integrated structure and the mirror inclination angle cannot be adjusted. In a measurement environment with high dust, high humidity, long distance, and large line of sight inclination, after field verification, the 360° prism cannot cooperate with the total station to complete ranging and automatic aiming, while the circular prism can cooperate to complete the measurement task. However, when performing multi-directional total station measurement on this control point, it is necessary to frequently rotate the circular prism to align with the line of sight direction. When there are many surveyors, one person will be arranged to stand by to complete this work, and when there are few surveyors, they will go back and forth between the measurement site and the control point. This will add an extra measurement person or reduce the measurement efficiency, which is not economical.

[0003] For example, patent CN217403386U discloses a bidirectional coaxial prism observation device, which includes a support, a centering and leveling seat and a bracket frame, the bracket frame is installed on the top of the centering and leveling seat; a prism assembly, including a first prism assembly and a second prism assembly, the first prism assembly and the second prism assembly are connected by a coaxial axis, the first prism assembly is arranged inside the bracket frame, the second prism assembly is arranged on the top of the bracket frame, and the second prism assembly is provided with a pitch adjustment member; it cannot provide three or more coaxial circular prisms at the same time to cooperate with multiple total stations for measurement, the second prism assembly is not very versatile, and when the two prism assemblies are facing the same direction, during the automatic measurement of the total station, it is easy for the upper and lower prisms to form ranging reflection signals, and automatically aim at the middle position, affecting the elevation measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism and a method of using the same, which can effectively improve the efficiency of using control points and facilitate the improvement of compatibility and measurement accuracy between control points.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism comprises a base and a prism positioning bracket arranged on the base, and also comprises a group of prism connectors for mounting the circular prisms. The prism positioning bracket comprises a bottom cross bar, a top cross bar and a vertical bar. The bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are connected by the vertical bar. Vertical positioning holes for vertically positioning the prism connectors are provided on the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar. A group of horizontal positioning holes for horizontally positioning the prism connectors are provided on the vertical bar.

[0007] The prism positioning bracket is a combined bracket, which includes a C-shaped bracket, an inverted L-shaped bracket and a connecting plate structure. The top of the C-shaped bracket and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket are positioned by a pin structure, and the top of the C-shaped bracket and the side of the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket are fixed by a connecting plate structure.

[0008] The prism positioning bracket is a C-shaped bracket, and the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar are respectively provided with through holes. The lower end of the bottom cross bar through hole is connected to the top of the base through a base connector, and a prism connector is installed at the upper end of the bottom cross bar through hole and the lower end of the top cross bar through hole; a prism connector or a GNSS receiver connector is installed at the upper end of the top cross bar through hole.

[0009] The connecting plate structure is a pair of connecting clamps, and the connecting clamps are T-shaped plates. The pair of connecting clamps are located on both sides of the connection between the top of the C-shaped bracket and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket and are fixedly connected by fasteners.

[0010] A group of transverse positioning holes are arranged on the vertical parts of the C-shaped bracket and the inverted L-shaped bracket, and a through-threaded thread hole for installing a pair of prism connectors is arranged on the protruding part of the top cross bar of the C-shaped bracket.

[0011] A balancing bracket for supporting the bottom corner of the C-shaped bracket is provided at the bottom of the base.

[0012] The balancing bracket includes a disc and a pair of supporting bolts. The center of the disc is provided with a circular hole fixed below the base. The outer edge of the disc is provided with a protruding supporting arm. The pair of supporting bolts are connected by adjusting nuts, and the lower ends of the supporting bolts are fixed on the supporting arm.

[0013] The prism positioning bracket is a rectangular bracket, the opposite ends of the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are connected by a pair of vertical bars, the upper and lower parts of the cross bar are provided with opposite threaded holes, and the prism connector is provided with connecting threads that match the threaded holes.

[0014] It also includes a distance shielding cover for preventing adjacent circular prisms from interfering with each other. The distance shielding cover is a trumpet-shaped open cover. The rear end of the distance shielding cover is provided with a round end matching the outer frame of the circular prism, and the round end is fixed by a clamp.

[0015] A method for using the concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism, comprising:

[0016] Method 1:

[0017] The rectangular bracket is equipped with two or three circular prisms, and two or three measurement cooperation targets are provided on one control point at the same time, and two or three measurement sight lines exist at the same time; the rectangular bracket is a symmetrical structure, and can be placed on the base to achieve self-balancing; the three circular prisms installed on the vertical prism connector of the rectangular bracket are located on the same plumb line, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent prisms is equal, and they are used for measurement;

[0018] Method 2:

[0019] Three circular prisms are installed in the rectangular bracket frame at the same time, located on the center line of the vertical threaded holes of the rectangular bracket, facing the same direction, forming a vertical prism, which can be used for long-distance automatic measurement of the total station;

[0020] Method 3:

[0021] Two or three circular prisms are placed on the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the C-shaped bracket. Two or three measurement cooperation targets are provided on one control point at the same time, and there are two or three measurement sight lines at the same time. The C-shaped bracket is an eccentric structure. It is necessary to first press and place the balance bracket under the base, and then install the C-shaped bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the C-shaped bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balance bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the C-shaped bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the same plumb line for measurement;

[0022] Method 4:

[0023] Three circular prisms are installed in the half-mouth frame of the C-shaped bracket at the same time. They are located on the center line of the vertical threaded holes of the C-shaped bracket and face the same direction to form a vertical triangular prism, which can be used for long-distance automatic measurement of the total station; the C-shaped bracket is an eccentric structure. It is necessary to first press and place a balancing bracket under the base, and then install the C-shaped bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the C-shaped bracket is located directly above the top supporting rod of the balancing bracket. The height of the top supporting rod is adjusted to support the C-shaped bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the same plumb line for measurement;

[0024] Method 5:

[0025] If more than four measurement sight lines need to be provided at one control point at the same time, an inverted L-shaped bracket is required to connect the lower bracket in a straight line to form a multi-layer semi-frame bracket, and the three connection holes of the two adjacent brackets are matched by connecting the splint, and three connecting bolts are inserted to form a triangular stable connection structure; on all vertical threaded holes of the multi-layer semi-frame bracket, circular prisms are installed through prism connectors, and no less than four independent measurement sight lines can be formed at one control point; the multi-layer semi-frame bracket is an eccentric structure, and it is necessary to first press and place a balancing bracket under the base, and then install the multi-layer semi-frame bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the multi-layer semi-frame bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balancing bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the multi-layer semi-frame bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the same plumb line for measurement;

[0026] Method 6:

[0027] Install the GNSS receiver on the top of the rectangular bracket or C-shaped bracket through the GNSS receiver connector, install the circular prism on the lower end of the rectangular bracket or C-shaped bracket through the prism connector, and add a distance shield; use this method to operate on any unknown control point, first use the GNSS receiver to use RTK or static measurement mode to collect the coordinates of the unknown point, and then use the total station to measure the circular prism for angle orientation or coordinate verification.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. The combined circular prism placement bracket proposed in the present invention can install multiple circular prisms at different heights on the same plumb line of the control point. The height parameters between adjacent circular prisms are unified, simple, and easy to use. The central plane coordinates of each circular prism are the same but the elevations are different. The multi-directional stable and accurate total station measurement is realized at the control point. A circular prism is installed and fixed in each measurement line of sight direction, and there is no need for personnel to rotate the prism on duty, thereby improving the measurement efficiency.

[0030] 2. After the distance shield is installed on the circular prism of the present invention, during the automatic measurement of the total station, it can avoid "cross-position" between the upper and lower adjacent circular prisms (the actual measurement is at a certain position between the two prisms, which has little effect on the plane position) and thus affect the elevation measurement;

[0031] 3. After the vertical prism structure is formed, the present invention is adapted to the long-distance (more than 1.5 km) automatic measurement of the total station; at this time, a single circular prism cannot cooperate with the measurement, and a prism is generally used, and the common ones are Topcon's shaped prism and Leica horizontal prism. The centers of the three circular prisms in the vertical prism structure are on the same plumb line. Compared with the conventional prism, the long-distance total station is more accurate in the process of automatically aiming and completing the plane orientation. Three circular prisms can be installed to form a vertical prism, and there is no need to purchase a prism separately, which reduces the cost of use;

[0032] 4. The present invention can carry a GNSS receiver on the unknown control point, use the GNSS measurement method to collect the coordinates of the unknown point, and can simultaneously perform the measurement of the circular prism target by the total station;

[0033] 5. The present invention has an ingenious concept, reasonable design, low processing and manufacturing cost, flexible and convenient use, strong versatility and economy, further expands the use scenarios of circular prisms, and the efficiency of control points is doubled, which is conducive to improving the compatibility between control points and measurement accuracy, and has a good prospect for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The following is a brief description of the contents and symbols in the drawings of this specification:

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the combined circular prism of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the combined circular prism of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism connector of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base connector of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shielding cover of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a rectangular bracket of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the C-shaped bracket of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.11 and Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the inverted L-shaped bracket of the present invention.

[0043] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting splint structure of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the combined bracket of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.15 and Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the balancing bracket of the present invention and its application.

[0046] Fig.17It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the GNSS receiver connector of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of a first usage of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the second usage mode of the present invention.

[0049] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the third usage of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth usage of the present invention.

[0051] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth method of using the present invention.

[0052] Fig.23 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth usage of the present invention.

[0053] In the figure:

[0054] 1. Prism connector, 101. Connecting thread, 102. Boss, 103. Perforation, 104. Connecting column, 2. Base connector, 201. Base connecting column, 202. Bracket connecting thread, 301. Shield, 302. Aiming line I, 303. Aiming line II, 304. Clamp, 4. Circular prism, 5. Rectangular bracket, 501. Rectangular bracket vertical rod, 502. Top cross bar, 503. Horizontal threaded hole, 504. Vertical threaded hole, 505. Circular bubble, 6. Forced centering pier, 7. Base, 8. C-shaped bracket, 801. C-shaped bracket vertical rod, 802. Vertical threaded hole, 803. Top cross bar, 804. Circular groove, 805. Cylindrical slot, 806. Side connecting hole, 9. Inverted L-shaped bracket, 10. Connecting splint, 11. Connecting bolt, 12. Balance bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Although the present invention is shown and described herein with reference to specific embodiments, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the details shown. Rather, various modifications may be made in the details within the equivalent scope and range of the claims without departing from the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same item numbers refer to the same elements.

[0056] In the specification, relative terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "upward", "downward", "top" and "bottom" and derivatives thereof (e.g., "horizontal", "downward", "upward", etc.) should be interpreted as referring to the direction being described or shown in the drawings being discussed. These relative terms are for convenience of description and are generally not intended to require a particular orientation.

[0057] The specific implementation modes of the present invention will be further explained in detail below through the description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 23 As shown, the concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism includes a base 7, a prism positioning bracket arranged on the base, and a group of prism connectors 1 for installing the circular prism; the prism positioning bracket includes a bottom cross bar, a top cross bar and a vertical bar, and the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are connected by the vertical bar to form an integral bracket structure; the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are both provided with vertical positioning holes for vertically positioning the prism connector, and the prism connector is vertically installed on the vertical positioning holes, and the vertical bar is provided with a group of horizontal positioning holes for horizontally positioning the prism connector, and the prism connector is horizontally installed on the horizontal positioning holes.

[0059] The present invention further comprises a distance shield 301 for preventing adjacent circular prisms from interfering with each other. The distance shield is a trumpet-shaped open mouth, and the rear end of the distance shield is provided with a round end matching the outer frame of the circular prism, and the round end is fixed by a clamp 304. After the distance shield is installed on the circular prism of the present invention, during the automatic measurement of the total station, it can avoid "cross-position" between the upper and lower adjacent circular prisms (actual measurement is at a certain position between the two prisms, which has little effect on the plane position) and thus affect the elevation measurement.

[0060] The prism positioning bracket is a combined bracket, which includes a C-shaped bracket 8, an inverted L-shaped bracket 9 and a connecting plate structure. The top of the C-shaped bracket 8 and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket are positioned by a pin structure. Specifically, a cylindrical slot 805 is provided at the top of the C-shaped bracket, and a positioning pin matching the cylindrical slot is provided at the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket. A side connecting hole 806 is provided on the top side of the C-shaped bracket, which is connected to the side of the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket through a connecting plate; the top of the C-shaped bracket and the side of the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket are fixed by a connecting plate structure; and a circular groove 804 is provided on the top of the C-shaped bracket, and a circular bubble is installed in the circular groove.

[0061] Furthermore, the connecting plate structure is a pair of connecting clamps 10, which are T-shaped plates. The pair of connecting clamps are located on both sides of the connection between the top of the C-shaped bracket and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket and are fixedly connected by connecting bolts 11. The assembly is simple and the structure is stable and reliable.

[0062] Alternatively, the prism positioning bracket is a C-shaped bracket 8, the top cross bar 803 and the bottom cross bar of the C-shaped bracket are arranged opposite to each other up and down, and the C-shaped bracket vertical bar 801 connects the same side end of the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar to form an overall bracket structure; the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar are arranged correspondingly and are both provided with through holes, the through holes are vertical threaded holes 802, the lower end of the bottom cross bar through hole is connected to the top of the base through a base connector, and a prism connector is installed at the upper end of the bottom cross bar through hole, the upper end of the top cross bar through hole and the lower end of the top cross bar through hole, and each prism connector is coaxially arranged up and down.

[0063] like Fig.17 and Fig.23 As shown, a GNSS receiver can also be provided on the C-shaped bracket, and the GNSS receiver is fixedly installed through a GNSS receiver connector; a prism connector is installed at the upper end of the bottom cross bar through hole and the lower end of the top cross bar through hole, and the corresponding circular prism is installed through the prism connector; a GNSS receiver connector is installed at the upper end of the top cross bar through hole, and the GNSS receiver is fixed through the GNSS receiver connector; preferably, one end of the GNSS receiver connector is a GNSS receiver connecting thread for connecting and fixing with the GNSS receiver; the other end is a bracket connecting thread, the thread diameter can be the same as the prism connector bracket connecting thread, which is used to connect to the bracket thread hole; stainless steel material can be used for processing.

[0064] Alternatively, the prism positioning bracket is a rectangular bracket, a pair of rectangular bracket vertical rods 501 are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, the top cross bar 502 and the bottom cross bar are arranged opposite to each other up and down, the opposite ends of the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are connected by a pair of vertical rods, the upper and lower parts of the cross bars are provided with relative vertical threaded holes 504, and the prism connector is provided with connecting threads matching the threaded holes; a group of horizontal threaded holes 503 are provided on the rectangular bracket vertical rods; and a round bubble 505 is provided on the bottom cross bar.

[0065] The combined circular prism mounting bracket proposed in the present invention can install multiple circular prisms at different heights on the same plumb line of a control point. The height parameters between adjacent circular prisms are unified, simple and easy to use. The central plane coordinates of each circular prism are the same but the elevations are different. Stable and accurate total station measurement in multiple directions is achieved at the control point. A circular prism is installed and aligned in each measuring line of sight direction and then fixed. There is no need for personnel to be on duty to rotate the prism, which improves the measurement efficiency.

[0066] Furthermore, a group of horizontal positioning holes are provided on the vertical parts of the C-shaped bracket and the inverted L-shaped bracket, and the protruding part of the top cross bar of the C-shaped bracket is provided with a through threaded hole for installing a pair of prism connectors; the protruding part of the top cross bar of the C-shaped bracket is located in the middle part of one side of the combined bracket, and the protruding part and the top cross bar of the combined bracket and the bottom cross bar of the combined bracket are located on the same side, and the protruding part is vertically provided with a through threaded hole, and a circular prism is installed on the protruding part through the upper prism connector, and a circular prism is installed on the protruding part through the lower prism connector, and circular prisms are installed on the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar of the corresponding combined bracket to form a multi-prism combination measuring device.

[0067] In order to improve the structural stability and not affect the measurement accuracy; a balancing bracket 12 for supporting the bottom corner of the C-shaped bracket is provided on the base, which is pressed on the bottom of the base 7 and fixed on the forced centering pier 6 when in use; preferably, the balancing bracket includes a disc and a pair of supporting bolts, the center of the disc is provided with a circular hole fixed under the base, the outer edge of the disc is provided with a protruding support arm, the pair of supporting bolts are connected by adjusting nuts, and the lower ends of the supporting bolts are fixed on the support arm; the structure is compact, easy to install, and can be adjusted according to specifications.

[0068] The present invention uses the above-mentioned concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism for measurement and use, which includes:

[0069] Method 1:

[0070] The rectangular bracket is equipped with two or three circular prisms (with a distance shield), providing two or three measurement cooperation targets at one control point, and two or three measurement sight lines at the same time. The rectangular bracket is a symmetrical structure, which can be placed on the base to achieve self-balancing; the three circular prisms installed on the vertical prism connector of the rectangular bracket are located on the center line of the vertical threaded hole (the circular bubble is located on the same plumb line when it is centered), and the distance between the centers of two adjacent prisms is equal, which can be set to 22cm, which is easy to use.

[0071] Method 2:

[0072] Three circular prisms are installed in the rectangular bracket frame (vertical circular prisms are installed at both ends and horizontal circular prisms are installed in the middle), located on the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the rectangular bracket (the circular bubble is located on the same plumb line when it is centered), facing the same direction, forming a vertical triangular prism, which can be used for long-distance (more than 1.5km) automatic measurement of the total station. The rectangular bracket is a symmetrical structure and can be placed on the base to achieve self-balancing; the spacing from the center of the middle horizontal circular prism to the vertical circular prisms at both ends is equal and can be set to 11cm for easy use.

[0073] Method 3:

[0074] Two or three circular prisms (with a distance shield) are placed on the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the C-shaped bracket. Two or three measurement cooperation targets are provided at one control point at the same time, and there are two or three measurement sight lines at the same time. Compared with the rectangular bracket, the C-shaped bracket eliminates the vertical rod on one side, reduces the sight line obstruction, and has a wider sight range. The C-shaped bracket is an eccentric structure. It is necessary to first press and place the balance bracket under the base, and then install the C-shaped bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the C-shaped bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balance bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the C-shaped bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the center line of the vertical threaded hole (the circular bubble is located on the same plumb line when centered). The three circular prisms installed on the vertical prism connector of the C-shaped bracket have equal spacing between the centers of two adjacent prisms, which can be set to 22cm for easy use.

[0075] Method 4:

[0076] Three circular prisms are installed in the half-mouth frame of the C-shaped bracket at the same time (vertical circular prisms are installed at both ends and horizontal circular prisms are installed in the middle). They are located on the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the C-shaped bracket (on the same plumb line when the circular bubble is centered). They face the same direction and form a vertical triangular prism, which can be used for long-distance (more than 1.5km) automatic measurement of the total station. The C-shaped bracket is an eccentric structure. It is necessary to first press and place a balance bracket under the base, and then install the C-shaped bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the C-shaped bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balance bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the C-shaped bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the center line of the vertical threaded hole (on the same plumb line when the circular bubble is centered). The spacing from the center of the middle horizontal circular prism to the vertical circular prisms at both ends is equal, and can be set to 11cm for easy use.

[0077] Method 5:

[0078] If more than four measurement sight lines need to be provided at one control point at the same time, an inverted L-shaped bracket is required to connect the lower bracket (which can be the first-layer C-shaped bracket or the second-layer or higher L-shaped bracket) in a straight and high direction to form a multi-layer semi-frame bracket, and the three connection holes of the two adjacent brackets are matched by connecting the splint, and three connecting bolts are inserted to form a triangular stable connection structure; on all vertical threaded holes of the multi-layer semi-frame bracket, a circular prism (with a distance shield) is installed through a prism connector, and no less than four independent measurement sight lines can be formed at one control point; compared with a rectangular bracket, the multi-layer semi-frame bracket eliminates the vertical rod on one side, reduces sight obstruction, and has a wider sight range. The multi-layer semi-frame bracket is an eccentric structure, and it is necessary to first press and place a balancing bracket under the base, and then install the multi-layer semi-frame bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the multi-layer semi-frame bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balancing bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the multi-layer semi-frame bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the center of all circular prisms is located on the center line of the vertical threaded hole (the circular bubble is located on the same plumb line when centered). The multiple circular prisms installed on the vertical prism connector of the multi-layer half-frame bracket have equal spacing between the centers of two adjacent prisms, which can be set to 22 cm for easy use.

[0079] Method of use six: Install the GNSS receiver on the top of the rectangular bracket or C-shaped bracket (upper surface of the upper crossbar) through the GNSS receiver connector, and install the circular prism (with a shield) on the lower end of the rectangular bracket or C-shaped bracket (lower surface of the upper crossbar, upper surface of the lower crossbar) through the prism connector. Use this method to operate on any unknown control point. First use the GNSS receiver to collect the coordinates of the unknown point using RTK or static measurement mode, and then use the total station to measure the circular prism for angle orientation or coordinate verification.

[0080] The preferred specific structural example of the concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism of the present invention is:

[0081] The present invention is a cooperative device that can perform long-distance multi-directional total station measurement in a dusty and humid environment; the device includes a prism connector 1, a base connector 2, a distance shield 301, a rectangular bracket 5, a C-shaped bracket 8, an inverted L-shaped bracket 9, a connecting clamp 10 and a balancing bracket 12.

[0082] Prism connector: includes a connecting column 104, a boss 102, a connecting thread 101, and a through hole 103, which can be processed using stainless steel. The connecting column is used to install the circular prism, the connecting thread matches and connects with the threaded hole of the bracket, the boss is used for precise positioning, and a stick spanner is inserted into the through hole to tighten or loosen the connector.

[0083] Base connector: one end is a base connecting column 201, which is used to connect and fix with the base; the other end is a bracket connecting thread 202, the thread diameter can be the same as the prism connector connecting thread, used to connect to the bracket thread hole; it can be processed using stainless steel.

[0084] Distance hood:

[0085] The distance shield 301 is designed in the shape of a trumpet, and can be made of PETG material using 3D printing technology, which is economical and fast to produce; the clamp set is fixed on the circular shell of the round prism, the inner diameter matches the diameter of the round prism, and the thickness can be 1.5mm; the distance measurement signal can be reflected normally inside the trumpet mouth, and the distance measurement signal can be blocked outside the trumpet mouth. The opening angle and length can be designed according to needs, and the thickness can be 2mm; in this way, the wide distance measurement signal path of a single round prism is retained, and the interaction interference when multiple round prisms are used simultaneously in close proximity is avoided. Two longitudinal aiming lines and two transverse aiming lines are engraved on the inside of the trumpet mouth, namely aiming line I 302 and aiming line II 303. A small clamp is set on an intersection line formed by the longitudinal plane (the plane where the two longitudinal aiming lines are located) and the inner side of the clamp. The small clamp is a small rectangular structure that matches the aiming groove above the circular prism. When the shield is installed, the small clamp is inserted into the aiming groove of the circular prism. At this time, the longitudinal plane (the plane where the two longitudinal aiming lines are located) and the transverse plane (the plane where the two transverse aiming lines are located) both pass through the center of the circular prism. The longitudinal and transverse aiming lines can be used to assist the total station in manually aiming at the center of the circular prism.

[0086] Rectangular bracket: Made of aluminum alloy, it can meet the requirements of sufficient rigidity and make the bracket light. The rectangular bracket is a hollow U-shaped frame structure, including two upper and lower long horizontal bars and left and right vertical bars. The long horizontal bars and vertical bars are both rectangular structures with a cross-sectional size of 3cm×3cm. They can be processed as a whole on a machine tool to ensure the strict vertical relationship between the horizontal bars and the vertical bars and the stability of the connection; the net distance between the upper and lower long horizontal bars can be 41cm, and the net distance between the left and right vertical bars can be 19cm, which can meet the requirements of installing two circular prisms 4 with target plates or shields in the U-shaped frame at the same time. Position the lower cutter at the center of the upper surface of the long cross bar to turn a threaded hole (the thread hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector), the generatrix of which is perpendicular to the upper surface of the long cross bar, and the hole depth is half of the thickness of the cross bar, so the prism connector can be installed; position the lower cutter at the center of the lower surface of the long cross bar to reversely turn a threaded hole (the thread hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector or the base connector), the generatrix of which is perpendicular to the lower surface of the long cross bar, and the hole depth is half of the remaining thickness of the cross bar, so the prism connector or the base connector can be installed; the coaxial processing accuracy of the four vertical threaded holes of the upper and lower long cross bars can reach 0.1mm; open a circular groove at one end of the upper surface of the long cross bar to accommodate a circular bubble, which can indicate whether the rectangular bracket is plumb. A threaded hole is positioned at the center of the inner surface of the vertical rod (the hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector). The generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the inner surface of the vertical rod, and the depth of the hole is the thickness of the vertical rod. Taking the center of the threaded hole as the base point, several threaded holes are cut on the center line of the vertical rod at the same distance using the same process. These are all horizontal threaded holes. When the circular prism is installed on these horizontal threaded holes of the vertical rod through the prism connector, the center of the circular prism is colinear with the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the long cross bar, which can not only reduce weight, but also allow the circular prism to be installed at multiple different heights of the center line of the rectangular bracket.

[0087] C-shaped bracket: Made of aluminum alloy, it can meet the requirements of sufficient rigidity and make the bracket light. The C-shaped bracket is a half-mouth-shaped structure, including two upper and lower short horizontal bars and a vertical bar. Both the short horizontal bar and the vertical bar are rectangular structures with a cross-sectional size of 3cm×3cm. They can be processed as a whole on the machine tool to ensure the strict vertical relationship between the horizontal bar and the vertical bar and the stability of the connection; the net distance between the upper and lower short horizontal bars can be 41cm, and the net distance between the end of the short horizontal bar away from the vertical bar and the inner side of the vertical bar can be 12.5cm, which can meet the requirements of installing two circular prisms with target plates or shields in the half-mouth-shaped frame at the same time. On the center line of the upper surface of the short cross bar, 9.5 cm away from the inner side of the vertical bar, the lower cutter is positioned to turn a threaded hole (the thread hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector), and its generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the upper surface of the short cross bar. The hole depth is half of the thickness of the cross bar, and the prism connector can be installed; on the center line of the lower surface of the short cross bar, 9.5 cm away from the inner side of the vertical bar, the lower cutter is positioned to turn a threaded hole (the thread hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector or the base connector) in the opposite direction. The generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the lower surface of the short cross bar, and the hole depth is half of the remaining thickness of the cross bar, and the prism connector or the base connector can be installed; the coaxial processing accuracy of the four vertical thread holes of the upper and lower short cross bars can reach 0.1mm; a circular groove is opened on the upper surface of the short cross bar near one end of the vertical bar to accommodate a circular bubble, which can indicate whether the C-shaped bracket is plumb. A threaded hole is positioned at the center of the inner surface of the vertical rod (the hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector). The generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the inner surface of the vertical rod, and the depth of the hole is the thickness of the vertical rod. Taking the center of the threaded hole as the base point, several threaded holes are cut on the center line of the vertical rod at the same distance using the same process. These are all horizontal threaded holes. When the circular prism is installed on these horizontal threaded holes of the vertical rod through the prism connector, the center of the circular prism is colinear with the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the short cross bar, which can not only reduce weight, but also allow the circular prism to be installed at multiple different heights of the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the C-shaped bracket. A cylindrical slot of a certain depth is opened at the center of the top of the vertical rod, and half of a small cylindrical pin (the diameter matches the diameter of the cylindrical slot) can be inserted, and the other half is exposed to guide the coaxial installation of the upper bracket; a through hole is made on the center line of the front surface of the vertical rod at a distance of 7.5 cm from the top, and its center line is perpendicular to the front surface of the vertical rod, which serves as the first connecting hole for fixing the upper and lower brackets; a through hole is made on the center line of the front surface of the short cross bar at a distance of 2 cm from the inner side of the vertical bar, and its center line is perpendicular to the front surface of the short cross bar, which serves as the second connecting hole for fixing the upper and lower brackets.

[0088] Inverted L-shaped bracket: Made of aluminum alloy, it can meet the requirements of sufficient rigidity and make the bracket light. The inverted L-shaped bracket is a 1 / 4 square structure, including a short horizontal bar and a vertical bar. Both the short horizontal bar and the vertical bar are rectangular structures with a cross-sectional size of 3cm×3cm. They can be processed as a whole on the machine tool to ensure the strict vertical relationship between the horizontal bar and the vertical bar and the stability of the connection; the length of the vertical bar can be 41cm, and the net distance between the end of the short horizontal bar away from the vertical bar and the inner side of the vertical bar can be 12.5cm, which can meet the requirements of installing two circular prisms with target plates or shields in the semi-square frame formed after connecting with the lower bracket. On the center line of the upper surface of the short cross bar, 9.5 cm away from the inner side of the vertical bar, the lower cutter is used to cut a threaded hole (the thread hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector). The generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the upper surface of the short cross bar, and the hole depth is half of the thickness of the cross bar, so the prism connector can be installed; on the center line of the lower surface of the short cross bar, 9.5 cm away from the inner side of the vertical bar, the lower cutter is used to cut a threaded hole (the thread hole matches the connecting thread of the prism connector) in the opposite direction. The generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the lower surface of the short cross bar, and the hole depth is half of the remaining thickness of the cross bar, so the prism connector can be installed; a circular groove is opened on the upper surface of the short cross bar near one end of the vertical bar to accommodate a circular bubble, which can indicate whether the bracket is plumb. The threaded hole (the threaded hole matches the threaded hole of the prism connector) is positioned at the center of the inner surface of the vertical rod. Its generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the inner surface of the vertical rod. The depth of the hole is the thickness of the vertical rod. The center of the threaded hole is used as the base point. Several threaded holes are cut with the same process at the same distance on the center line of the vertical rod. These are all horizontal threaded holes. When the circular prism is installed on these horizontal threaded holes of the vertical rod through the prism connector, the center of the circular prism is in line with the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the short cross bar, which can not only reduce weight, but also install the circular prism at multiple different heights of the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the inverted L-shaped bracket. A cylindrical slot hole of a certain depth is opened at the center of the bottom end of the vertical rod, and the other half of the small cylindrical pin (the diameter matches the diameter of the cylindrical slot hole) can be inserted, which is convenient for coaxial installation with the lower bracket; a cylindrical slot hole of a certain depth is opened at the center of the top end of the vertical rod, and half of the small cylindrical pin (the diameter matches the diameter of the cylindrical slot hole) can be inserted, and the other half is exposed, which can guide the coaxial installation of the upper bracket. A through hole is made on the center line of the front surface of the vertical rod at a distance of 4.5 cm from the bottom end, with its center line perpendicular to the front surface of the vertical rod, serving as the third connecting hole for fixing the upper and lower brackets; a through hole is made on the center line of the front surface of the vertical rod at a distance of 7.5 cm from the top end, with its center line perpendicular to the front surface of the vertical rod, serving as the first connecting hole for fixing the upper and lower brackets; a through hole is made on the center line of the front surface of the short cross bar at a distance of 2 cm from the inner side of the vertical bar, with its center line perpendicular to the front surface of the short cross bar, serving as the second connecting hole for fixing the upper and lower brackets.

[0089] Connecting splint: The connecting splint is a short T-shaped structure with a thin thickness (can be 0.5cm). It can be made of stainless steel to increase rigidity. The width is the same as the thickness of the short cross bar and the vertical bar of the bracket (C-shaped bracket or inverted L-shaped bracket) (can be 3cm); while ensuring that the center line of the connecting splint is parallel to the center line of the bracket (C-shaped bracket or inverted L-shaped bracket), according to the relative position relationship and hole diameter between the connecting holes one, two and three opened on the vertical bar and the short cross bar, three connecting holes (connecting hole one, connecting hole two and connecting hole three) are also opened on the connecting splint to match them, so as to facilitate the connecting bolts to smoothly pass through the connecting holes of the connecting splint and the bracket (C-shaped bracket or inverted L-shaped bracket).

[0090] Balance bracket: including a tray and a top support rod. The tray can be made of iron material, including a disc and a support arm, which can be processed into a whole. The size of the disc surface can match the contour of the bottom surface of the base, the diameter can be 15cm, and the thickness can be 0.4cm. A circular hole with a diameter of 1.8cm is opened in the center of the tray surface; the support arm extends outward for a certain length in the diameter direction of the tray, and the end is a semicircular long strip structure. The distance between the center of the semicircle and the center of the disc is equal to the distance from the vertical threaded hole of the horizontal bar to the inside of the vertical bar + half of the thickness of the vertical bar (can be 11cm). The support arm is 3cm wide and 0.4cm thick. The top support rod consists of two long bolts and a long hexagonal nut. The first long bolt is welded and fixed at the center of the semicircle of the support arm. The generatrix of the long bolt is perpendicular to the surface of the tray. The second long bolt is connected to the first long bolt through the long hexagonal nut. The height of the top support rod can be adjusted by turning the long hexagonal nut or the second long bolt.

[0091] The GNSS receiver connector is a columnar structure, and the upper end of the GNSS receiver connector is a threaded structure, through which the GNSS receiver is connected and installed; the lower end of the GNSS receiver connector is a bracket connecting thread, and the thread diameter can be the same as the prism connector bracket connecting thread, which is used to connect the bracket thread hole; the structure is reliable and the connection is simple.

[0092] The invention forms a vertical prism structure, which is suitable for long-distance measurement (more than 1.5 km) of the total station. In this case, a single circular prism cannot cooperate with the measurement, and a prism is generally used. Common ones include Topcon's T-shaped prism and Leica's horizontal prism. The centers of the three circular prisms in the vertical prism structure are on the same plumb line. Compared with the conventional prism, the long-distance total station is more accurate in the process of automatically aiming and completing the plane orientation. Three circular prisms can be installed to form a vertical prism, and there is no need to purchase additional prisms. A GNSS receiver can be carried on an unknown control point, and the coordinates of the unknown point can be collected by a GNSS measurement method, and the total station can simultaneously measure the circular prism target. The invention has an ingenious conception, a reasonable design, a low processing and manufacturing cost, flexible and convenient use, strong versatility and economy, further expands the use scenarios of the circular prism, and the use efficiency of the control point is doubled, which is conducive to the improvement of the compatibility between the control points and the measurement accuracy, and has a good prospect for promotion and application.

[0093] The above is only an explanation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the above technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form multiple embodiments of the present invention.

[0094] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism, comprising a base and a prism positioning bracket arranged on the base, characterized in that: It also includes a group of prism connectors for installing circular prisms, and the prism positioning bracket includes a bottom cross bar, a top cross bar and a vertical bar, the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are connected by the vertical bar, and the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are both provided with vertical positioning holes for vertically positioning the prism connector, and the vertical bar is provided with a group of horizontal positioning holes for horizontally positioning the prism connector.

2. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism positioning bracket is a combined bracket, which includes a C-shaped bracket, an inverted L-shaped bracket and a connecting plate structure. The top of the C-shaped bracket and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket are positioned by a pin structure, and the top of the C-shaped bracket and the side of the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket are fixed by a connecting plate structure.

3. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prism positioning bracket is a C-shaped bracket, and the top cross bar and the bottom cross bar are respectively provided with through holes. The lower end of the bottom cross bar through hole is connected to the top of the base through a base connector, and a prism connector is installed at the upper end of the bottom cross bar through hole and the lower end of the top cross bar through hole; a prism connector or a GNSS receiver connector is installed at the upper end of the top cross bar through hole.

4. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plate structure is a pair of connecting clamps, and the connecting clamps are T-shaped plates. The pair of connecting clamps are located on both sides of the connection between the top of the C-shaped bracket and the lower end of the inverted L-shaped bracket and are fixedly connected by fasteners.

5. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A group of transverse positioning holes are arranged on the vertical parts of the C-shaped bracket and the inverted L-shaped bracket, and a through-threaded thread hole for installing a pair of prism connectors is arranged on the protruding part of the top cross bar of the C-shaped bracket.

6. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A balancing bracket for supporting the bottom corner of the C-shaped bracket is provided at the bottom of the base.

7. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The balancing bracket includes a disc and a pair of supporting bolts. The center of the disc is provided with a circular hole fixed below the base. The outer edge of the disc is provided with a protruding supporting arm. The pair of supporting bolts are connected by adjusting nuts, and the lower ends of the supporting bolts are fixed on the supporting arm.

8. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The prism positioning bracket is a rectangular bracket, the opposite ends of the bottom cross bar and the top cross bar are connected by a pair of vertical bars, the upper and lower parts of the cross bar are provided with opposite threaded holes, and the prism connector is provided with connecting threads that match the threaded holes.

9. The concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a distance shielding cover for preventing adjacent circular prisms from interfering with each other. The distance shielding cover is a trumpet-shaped open cover. The rear end of the distance shielding cover is provided with a round end matching the outer frame of the circular prism, and the round end is fixed by a clamp.

10. A method of using the concentric multi-directional long-distance combined circular prism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Method 1: The rectangular bracket is equipped with two or three circular prisms, and two or three measurement cooperation targets are provided on one control point at the same time, and two or three measurement sight lines exist at the same time; the rectangular bracket is a symmetrical structure, and can be placed on the base to achieve self-balancing; the three circular prisms installed on the vertical prism connector of the rectangular bracket are located on the same plumb line, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent prisms is equal, and they are used for measurement; Method 2: Three circular prisms are installed in the rectangular bracket frame at the same time, located on the center line of the vertical threaded holes of the rectangular bracket, facing the same direction, forming a vertical prism, which can be used for long-distance automatic measurement of the total station; Method 3: Two or three circular prisms are placed on the center line of the vertical threaded hole of the C-shaped bracket. Two or three measurement cooperation targets are provided on one control point at the same time, and there are two or three measurement sight lines at the same time. The C-shaped bracket is an eccentric structure. It is necessary to first press and place the balance bracket under the base, and then install the C-shaped bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the C-shaped bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balance bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the C-shaped bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the same plumb line for measurement; Method 4: Three circular prisms are installed in the half-mouth frame of the C-shaped bracket at the same time. They are located on the center line of the vertical threaded holes of the C-shaped bracket and face the same direction to form a vertical triangular prism, which can be used for long-distance automatic measurement of the total station; the C-shaped bracket is an eccentric structure. It is necessary to first press and place a balancing bracket under the base, and then install the C-shaped bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the C-shaped bracket is located directly above the top supporting rod of the balancing bracket. The height of the top supporting rod is adjusted to support the C-shaped bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the same plumb line for measurement; Method 5: If more than four measurement sight lines need to be provided at one control point at the same time, an inverted L-shaped bracket is required to connect the lower bracket in a straight line to form a multi-layer semi-frame bracket, and the three connection holes of the two adjacent brackets are matched by connecting the splint, and three connecting bolts are inserted to form a triangular stable connection structure; on all vertical threaded holes of the multi-layer semi-frame bracket, circular prisms are installed through prism connectors, and no less than four independent measurement sight lines can be formed at one control point; the multi-layer semi-frame bracket is an eccentric structure, and it is necessary to first press and place a balancing bracket under the base, and then install the multi-layer semi-frame bracket on the base. The vertical rod of the multi-layer semi-frame bracket is located directly above the top support rod of the balancing bracket. The height of the top support rod is adjusted to support the multi-layer semi-frame bracket to offset the eccentric gravity, so that the centers of all circular prisms are located on the same plumb line for measurement; Method 6: Install the GNSS receiver on the top of the rectangular bracket or C-shaped bracket through the GNSS receiver connector, install the circular prism on the lower end of the rectangular bracket or C-shaped bracket through the prism connector, and add a distance shield; use this method to operate on any unknown control point, first use the GNSS receiver to use RTK or static measurement mode to collect the coordinates of the unknown point, and then use the total station to measure the circular prism for angle orientation or coordinate verification.

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