Multi-direction loading test device and method for pile test piece

Abstract

The invention relates to a multidirectional loading test device and method for a pile test piece, the multidirectional loading test device comprises a loading frame, and a loading mechanism, an adjusting support mechanism and a hydraulic telescopic rod which are arranged on the loading frame, the adjusting support mechanism comprises a support plate arranged on the loading frame, and one side surface of the support plate is provided with an arc-shaped chute; the loading mechanism comprises a loading block and a loading element fixed on the loading block, the loading block is arranged in the radial direction of the arc-shaped sliding groove, one end of the loading block is in sliding connection with the arc-shaped sliding groove, and the other end of the loading block is hinged to the position, corresponding to the circle center of the arc-shaped sliding groove, of the supporting plate; one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged with the loading frame, and the other end is hinged with the loading block; the hydraulic telescopic rod stretches out and draws back to drive the loading block to swing along the arc-shaped sliding groove, the orientation of the output end of the loading original part is adjusted, and the loading original part is used for loading the pile test piece in multiple directions; according to the loading device, loading in different reverse directions can be carried out on the pile test piece by adjusting the orientation of the loading original part, the actual working condition can be simulated, and more comprehensive and accurate test data can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-directional loading test device for a pile test piece, belonging to the technical field of load testing. Background Art

[0002] During the simulation experiment of building structures, it is necessary to carry out load loading tests on some pillar-type buildings and structures. In the prior art, the device used for load loading can only complete loading in the horizontal and / or vertical directions. Under actual working conditions, in addition to the horizontal and vertical force conditions, there are often force conditions in other angular directions. Traditional load loading devices alone cannot effectively carry out loading tests at specific angles, and thus cannot obtain accurate experimental data. In order to effectively simulate actual working conditions, to realize multi-angle loading tests, and to obtain accurate test data, it is urgent to provide a loading device that can apply loads in multiple directions. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a loading test device for performing multi-directional loading on a pile specimen and simulating various working conditions.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens, including a loading frame and a loading mechanism arranged on the loading frame, and also including an adjusting support mechanism and a hydraulic telescopic rod, the adjusting support mechanism including a support plate arranged on the loading frame, and an arc-shaped slide groove is opened on one side of the support plate; the loading mechanism includes a loading block and a loading element fixed on the loading block, the loading block is arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped slide groove, and one end is slidably connected to the arc-shaped slide groove, and the other end is hinged to the support plate corresponding to the center of the arc-shaped slide groove; one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the loading frame, and the other end is hinged to the loading block; the hydraulic telescopic rod is extended and retracted to drive the loading block to swing along the arc-shaped slide groove, and the output end direction of the loading element is adjusted to perform multi-directional loading on the pile specimen.

[0005] The further design of the above technical solution is as follows: the loading frame is provided with a horizontally arranged transverse slide groove and a transverse telescopic rod, the support plate is provided with a transverse slide rod cooperating with the transverse slide groove, the output end of the transverse telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the transverse slide rod, the transverse telescopic rod is extended and retracted, driving the support plate to move horizontally along the transverse slide groove.

[0006] The loading frame and the support plate each include two symmetrically and parallelly arranged loading frames, a spacing is provided between the two loading frames, the two support plates are located between the two loading frames, the transverse sliding bars on the two support plates are respectively slidably matched with the transverse sliding grooves on the two loading frames, the arc-shaped sliding grooves of the two support plates are arranged on opposite sides, the loading block is located between the two support plates, and one end of the loading block is slidably connected with the two arc-shaped sliding grooves.

[0007] One side ear is respectively arranged on both sides of one end of the loading block, one side ear is connected with a sliding block and is slidably connected with two arc-shaped sliding grooves through the sliding block; the other side ear is hinged with the hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0008] The loading component is a loading cylinder, a cylinder body of the loading cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading block, and the setting direction of the output shaft is parallel to the setting direction of the loading block.

[0009] The device also includes a supporting body which slides relative to the loading frame, a pile test piece is arranged on the supporting body, and the output end of the loading element is used for loading the pile test piece.

[0010] The device also comprises an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat which are hinged to each other, wherein the upper connecting seat is connected to the output end of the loading oil cylinder, and the lower connecting seat is connected to the pile test piece.

[0011] The upper connecting seat is provided with a first sleeve matching the output end of the loading cylinder, and the output end of the loading cylinder is inserted into the first sleeve; the lower connecting seat is provided with a detachable pile head joint, and the pile head joint is provided with a second sleeve matching the size of the pile specimen, and the second sleeve is sleeved on the pile specimen.

[0012] The second sleeve is arranged along the vertical direction.

[0013] The loading block is provided with an inclination sensor, and the output end of the loading cylinder is provided with a load sensor.

[0014] The loading test method of the multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens comprises the following steps:

[0015] Determine a predetermined loading angle according to the expected simulated working conditions;

[0016] The inclination signal of the loading block is collected in real time by the inclination sensor and sent to the controller in real time. The controller obtains the inclination data of the loading block according to the inclination signal. The controller controls the transverse telescopic rod to move to change the transverse displacement of the adjustment support mechanism relative to the two loading frames. At the same time, the controller controls the hydraulic telescopic rod to move to change the angle of the loading block, and performs closed-loop control through the data collected by the inclination sensor until the inclination data of the loading block is equal to the predetermined loading angle.

[0017] Move the support body so that the output end of the loading cylinder is inserted into the first sleeve of the upper connecting seat;

[0018] The controller controls the loading cylinder to perform loading actions. During this process, the pressure signal is collected in real time by the load sensor and sent to the controller in real time; the controller obtains the pressure data during the loading process based on the pressure signal and records it in real time.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The loading device of the present invention drives the loading block to swing along the arc-shaped slide groove of the support plate by extending and retracting the hydraulic telescopic rod, so that the loading cylinder located on the loading block faces different directions. Compared with the traditional loading device, the present invention can load not only in the horizontal and vertical directions, but also in other multi-angle directions, which is conducive to simulating a variety of actual working conditions and obtaining comprehensive and accurate test data.

[0021] The present invention is provided with an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat which are hinged to each other, so that multi-angle loading forces can be transmitted to the end of the pile specimen, so that the pile specimen is subjected to lateral and vertical loading components, thereby simulating multi-directional loading forces.

[0022] The loading method provided by the present invention has a simple and efficient adjustment process, can relatively automatically complete the adjustment of the loading angle, can reduce the labor intensity of workers, and can improve the adjustment efficiency and accuracy. The method can meet a variety of experimental conditions and solves the problem that accurate experimental data cannot be obtained due to the limited addition angle in the traditional loading method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view of

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Left side view of the center loading frame

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle support plate;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The front view of the middle support plate;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Left view of the two support plates;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A top view of the two support plates;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the loading block;

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 1 The main view of the loading block;

[0032] Fig.10 for Figure 1The front view of the middle upper connecting seat;

[0033] Fig.11 for Figure 1 The front view of the middle and lower connecting seat;

[0034] Fig.12 for Figure 1 Front view of the middle pile head joint.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Adjusting support mechanism; 2. Loading mechanism; 3. Lateral displacement adjusting mechanism; 4. Upper connecting seat; 5. Lower connecting seat; 51-pile head joint, 6. Loading frame; 7. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 8. Support body; 9. Support plate; 10. Connecting bolt; 11. Lateral slide bar; 12. Arc slide groove; 13. Support rod; 14. Lateral slide groove; 15. Loading block; 16. Loading cylinder; 17. Upper connecting ear plate 1; 18. Upper connecting ear plate 2; 19. Lower connecting ear plate; 20. Cylinder body accommodating chamber; 21. Long screw; 22. Vertical connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens of this embodiment includes a loading frame 6 , a loading mechanism 2 arranged on the loading frame 6 , an adjustment support mechanism 1 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 7 .

[0039] Combination Figure 3 As shown, two loading racks 6 are provided, which are symmetrically and parallelly arranged, and a distance is provided between the two loading racks 6. The loading mechanism 2 is arranged between the two loading racks 6. Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the adjustment support mechanism 1 includes two support plates 9 arranged on two loading frames 6 and a plurality of connecting bolts 10 for connecting the two support plates 9. In this embodiment, the support plates 9 are fan-shaped, and the two support plates 9 are also symmetrically and parallelly arranged. The two support plates 9 are located in the spacing between the two loading frames 6, and the opposite side of the two support plates is provided with an arc-shaped arc groove 12.

[0040] Combination Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the loading mechanism 2 includes a loading block 15 and a loading component fixed on the loading block. In this embodiment, the loading component is a loading cylinder 16. A cylinder accommodating chamber 20 is provided in the middle of the loading block 15. The cylinder body of the loading cylinder 16 is fixed in the cylinder accommodating chamber 20, and the output end of the loading cylinder 16 extends from one end of the loading block 15; the thickness of the loading block 15 is adapted to the spacing between the two support plates 9, the loading block 15 is arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped slide groove 12, and is located between the two support plates 9, one end of the loading block 15 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped slide groove 12, and the other end is hinged to the support plate 9 corresponding to the center of the arc-shaped slide groove 12, and one end of the loading block 15 slides along the arc-shaped slide groove 12, so that the loading block 15 swings with the center of the arc-shaped slide groove 12 as the center.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 7 is hinged to the loading frame 6, and the other end is hinged to the loading block 15; the hydraulic telescopic rod is extended and retracted, driving the loading block 15 to swing along the arc-shaped slide groove 12, so that the output end direction of the loading cylinder 16 on the loading block 15 is adjusted, so that the loading cylinder 16 applies load in different directions.

[0042] At the same time, since the two loading frames 6 of the load-bearing mechanism 2 are stacked and arranged on both sides of the loading block 5, a balanced and stable supporting force can be generated to ensure better load-bearing performance of the entire device, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the loading process.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] The load-adding device with adjustable direction of this embodiment is further designed on the basis of the embodiment, specifically including: Figure 1 As shown, the pile specimen for hand load in this embodiment is a support rod 13, which is pre-buried in the support body 8, and the top end is exposed at the top of the support body 8, and the support body 8 can move laterally relative to the loading frame 6. When loading, adjust the direction of the loading block, then fix the hydraulic telescopic rod 7, move the support body 8 to the output end of the loading cylinder 16, and drive the loading cylinder 16 to perform the loading action.

[0045] Since the support rod 13 and the support body 8 are generally heavy and inconvenient to move, the present embodiment further provides a lateral displacement adjustment mechanism 3 on the loading frame 6 for adjusting the support mechanism 1 to laterally move relative to the loading frame 6, thereby achieving the purpose of relative movement between the support body 8 and the loading cylinder 16. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the lateral displacement adjustment mechanism 3 includes a lateral slide bar 11 fixed on the outside of the two support plates 9, a lateral slide groove 14 horizontally arranged on the inside of the loading frame 6, and a lateral telescopic rod fixed on one end of the loading frame 6. The output end of the lateral telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the two lateral slide bars 11 through a vertical connecting rod 22. The lateral slide bar 11 is slidably connected in the lateral slide groove 14. The lateral telescopic rod is extended and retracted to drive the support plate 9 to move horizontally along the lateral slide groove 14 to adjust the lateral position of the output end of the loading cylinder 16. When adjusting the loading angle of the loading cylinder 16, it can be adjusted only by the hydraulic telescopic rod 7, or it can be adjusted together by the cooperation of the hydraulic telescopic rod 7 and the lateral telescopic rod to adapt to the position of the support rod 13 and the support body 8 as much as possible and reduce the moving distance of the support body 8.

[0046] Combination Fig.10 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the loading device of this embodiment also includes an upper connecting seat 4 and a lower connecting seat 5 which are hinged to each other. The upper connecting seat 4 is provided with a first sleeve matching the output end of the loading cylinder 16. When loading, the output end of the loading cylinder is inserted into the first sleeve. The bottom of the lower connecting seat 5 is provided with a connecting plate, which is connected to the pile head joint 51. The pile head joint 51 is also provided with a connecting plate. The two connecting plates are detachably connected by bolts. The bottom of the pile head joint 51 is provided with a second sleeve matching the size of the pile specimen 13. When loading, the second sleeve is sleeved on the top of the pile specimen 13. The support rod 13 and the second sleeve are both arranged in the vertical direction. When testing different pile specimens 13, it is only necessary to replace the matching pile head joint 51.

[0047] Since the pile specimen of the loading object of the loading device of this embodiment is mainly a pillar-type structure, such as the support rod 13, which is generally arranged vertically and the top end bears the load, it is difficult to transfer the load applied in different directions to the top end of the loading object; this embodiment can realize the transfer of the load applied from different directions by the loading cylinder 16 to the vertically arranged support rod 13 through the upper connecting seat 4 and the lower connecting seat 5 that are hinged to each other, forming horizontal and vertical force components, thereby simulating the loading effect of loads in different directions on the vertically arranged loading object. The support rod 13 of this embodiment can also be arranged tilted to realize the loading test of the support rod 13 in various different states.

[0048] Combination Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the left and right ends of the top of the loading block 15 are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting ear plate 17 and an upper connecting ear plate 2 18, and the right end of the bottom of the loading block 15 is fixedly connected with a lower connecting ear plate 19, and the upper connecting ear plate 17, the upper connecting ear plate 2 18 and the lower connecting ear plate 19 are respectively provided with an upper connecting hole 1, an upper connecting hole 2 and a lower connecting hole; the loading block 15 is inserted with a long screw 21 in the upper connecting hole 2, and the two ends of the long screw 21 extend to a pair of arc-shaped slide grooves 12, and are fixedly connected with two sliders, and the two sliders are respectively slidably assembled in the pair of arc-shaped slide grooves 12, and at the same time, the loading block 15 is rotatably inserted with a pin shaft 1 in the lower connecting hole, and the two ends of the pin shaft 1 are respectively fixedly connected to the center of the circle of the two fan-shaped blocks 9;

[0049] The hydraulic telescopic rod 7 is arranged between the two loading frames 6, and its top end is a fork structure that cooperates with the upper connecting ear plate 17, and is connected to the loading block 15 through a pin shaft 2 inserted in the upper connecting hole 1; by adjusting the telescopic state of a pair of hydraulic telescopic rods 7, the loading mechanism 2 can be driven to rotate around the pin shaft 1, thereby adjusting the loading angle of the loading mechanism 2.

[0050] An inclination sensor is connected to the loading mechanism 2, and a load sensor is provided at the output end of the loading cylinder 16. At the same time, a controller can also be provided, which is respectively connected to the inclination sensor, the load sensor, the lateral displacement adjustment mechanism 3, the control mechanism of the hydraulic telescopic rod 7, and the control mechanism of the loading cylinder 16. By sending control signals to the control mechanisms of the lateral displacement adjustment mechanism 3 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 7, the lateral displacement of the lateral displacement adjustment mechanism 3 and the telescopic amplitude of the hydraulic telescopic rod 7 are changed, thereby adjusting the loading mechanism 2 to a desired angle. In this process, closed-loop control is performed through the inclination sensor, wherein the load sensor is used to collect pressure signals in real time during the process of applying the load.

[0051] The loading method of the loading device of this embodiment is:

[0052] 1. Determine the predetermined loading angle according to the expected simulation conditions;

[0053] 2. The inclination signal of the loading mechanism 2 is collected in real time through the inclination sensor and sent to the controller in real time. The controller obtains the inclination data of the loading mechanism 2 according to the inclination signal; the controller controls the lateral displacement adjustment mechanism 3 to act to change the lateral displacement of the adjustment support mechanism 1 relative to the two loading frames 6. At the same time, the controller controls the control mechanism of the hydraulic telescopic rod 7 to act to change the telescopic range of the hydraulic telescopic rod 7, and then drives the angle of the loading mechanism 2 to change by adjusting the support mechanism 1 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 7, until the inclination data of the loading mechanism 2 is equal to the predetermined loading angle;

[0054] 3. If necessary, move the support body 8 so that the output end of the loading cylinder 16 is inserted into the first sleeve of the upper connecting seat 4;

[0055] 4. The controller controls the action of the control mechanism of the loading cylinder 16, and drives the loading cylinder 16 to perform loading action. During this process, the pressure signal is collected in real time by the load sensor and sent to the controller in real time; the controller obtains the pressure data during the loading process according to the pressure signal and records it in real time.

[0056] The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement methods fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens, comprising a loading frame and a loading mechanism arranged on the loading frame, characterized in that: It also includes an adjustable support mechanism and a hydraulic telescopic rod, wherein the adjustable support mechanism includes a support plate arranged on the loading frame, and a side surface of the support plate is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove; The loading mechanism comprises a loading block and a loading element fixed on the loading block, wherein the loading block is arranged along the radial direction of the arc-shaped slide groove, and one end of the loading block is slidably connected to the arc-shaped slide groove, and the other end is hinged to the support plate corresponding to the center of the arc-shaped slide groove; One end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is hinged to the loading frame, and the other end is hinged to the loading block; the hydraulic telescopic rod is extended and retracted, driving the loading block to swing along the arc-shaped slide slot, adjusting the direction of the output end of the loading original, and is used to load the pile specimen in multiple directions.

2. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading frame is provided with a horizontally arranged transverse slide groove and a transverse telescopic rod, the support plate is provided with a transverse slide rod matched with the transverse slide groove, the output end of the transverse telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the transverse slide rod, and the transverse telescopic rod is extended and retracted to drive the support plate to move horizontally along the transverse slide groove.

3. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading frame and the support plate each include two symmetrically and parallelly arranged loading frames, a spacing is provided between the two loading frames, the two support plates are located between the two loading frames, the transverse sliding bars on the two support plates are respectively slidably matched with the transverse sliding grooves on the two loading frames, the arc-shaped sliding grooves of the two support plates are arranged on opposite sides, the loading block is located between the two support plates, and one end of the loading block is slidably connected with the two arc-shaped sliding grooves.

4. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side ear is respectively arranged on both sides of one end of the loading block, one side ear is connected with a sliding block and is slidably connected with two arc-shaped sliding grooves through the sliding block; the other side ear is hinged with the hydraulic telescopic rod.

5. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading component is a loading cylinder, a cylinder body of the loading cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading block, and the setting direction of the output shaft is parallel to the setting direction of the loading block.

6. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a support body that slides relative to the loading frame, on which a pile specimen is arranged, and the output end of the loading element is used to load the pile specimen.

7. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat which are hinged to each other. The upper connecting seat is connected to the output end of the loading cylinder, and the lower connecting seat is connected to the pile test piece.

8. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper connecting seat is provided with a first sleeve matching the output end of the loading cylinder, and the output end of the loading cylinder is inserted into the first sleeve; the lower connecting seat is provided with a detachable pile head joint, and the pile head joint is provided with a second sleeve matching the size of the pile specimen and arranged in the vertical direction, and the second sleeve is sleeved on the pile specimen.

9. The multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 8, characterized in that: The loading block is provided with an inclination sensor, and the output end of the loading cylinder is provided with a load sensor.

10. A loading test method for the multi-directional loading test device for pile specimens according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Determine a predetermined loading angle according to the expected simulated working conditions; The inclination signal of the loading block is collected in real time by the inclination sensor and sent to the controller in real time. The controller obtains the inclination data of the loading block according to the inclination signal. The controller controls the transverse telescopic rod to move to change the transverse displacement of the adjustment support mechanism relative to the two loading frames. At the same time, the controller controls the hydraulic telescopic rod to move to change the angle of the loading block, and performs closed-loop control through the data collected by the inclination sensor until the inclination data of the loading block is equal to the predetermined loading angle. Move the support body so that the output end of the loading cylinder is inserted into the first sleeve of the upper connecting seat; The controller controls the loading cylinder to perform loading actions. During this process, the pressure signal is collected in real time by the load sensor and sent to the controller in real time; the controller obtains the pressure data during the loading process based on the pressure signal and records it in real time.

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