Urban atmospheric environment quality monitoring system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric monitoring, in particular to an urban atmospheric environment quality monitoring system which comprises a detector and a sampling assembly. The detector is a wavelength dispersion X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometer and comprises a shell, a sample detection bin arranged in the shell and an X-ray generator which is arranged in the shell and can generate primary X-rays; the sampling assembly comprises a connecting pipe with an opening, a sample collecting bin arranged in the connecting pipe and close to one side of the opening, and an accelerated circulation part communicated with the connecting pipe; a collection film storage bin capable of being opened and closed is arranged on one side of the shell, and a sample transfer assembly is mounted in the shell. Through mutual cooperation of the detector, the sampling assembly, the collection film storage bin and the sample transfer assembly, sampling and result detection of multiple sets of sampling films can be automatically completed within a period of time, the interval period from sampling to detection each time is shortened, and meanwhile the applicability of sampled samples and the accuracy of detection results are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of atmosphere monitoring, in particular to an urban atmosphere environment quality monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric particulate matter is a general term for various solid and liquid particulate matter in the atmosphere, including droplets or solid particles with a dynamic diameter of 0.003 to 100 μm. Atmospheric particulate matter can have a huge negative impact on environmental climate, visibility, etc. At the same time, the toxic substances carried or adsorbed by it can enter the body through breathing, and even enter the alveoli and blood, posing a serious threat to human health.

[0003] The existing urban air quality monitoring system is to deploy an air sampler at the monitoring target point, which is equipped with a filter membrane. After the atmosphere to be tested passes through the filter membrane, the atmospheric particulate matter is retained on the filter membrane, and then the filter membrane is tested by a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, that is, it is necessary to use an independent air sampler to sample the atmosphere, and then put the air samples into the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer for detection and analysis. However, this monitoring method still has some shortcomings: the air samples cannot be tested and analyzed immediately after sampling, the samples are easily contaminated while waiting for detection, the cycle from sampling to obtaining the test results is long, the timeliness and effectiveness of the test results are poor, and it is not convenient to monitor the changes in air quality over a period of time more accurately. Summary of the invention

[0004] Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] To address the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an urban air environment quality monitoring system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an urban air environment quality monitoring system, comprising a detector for detecting the element content in atmospheric particulate matter and a sampling assembly for collecting atmospheric particulate matter samples;

[0007] The detector is a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, which includes a housing, a sample detection chamber disposed in the housing, and an X-ray generator disposed in the housing and capable of generating primary X-rays, wherein the sample detection chamber is located in the ray emission direction of the X-ray generator;

[0008] The sampling assembly is arranged on the top of the shell, and includes a connecting tube arranged on the top of the shell and having an opening, a sample collection chamber arranged inside the connecting tube and close to one side of the opening, and an accelerating circulation part arranged on one side of the shell and connected to the connecting tube, the sample collection chamber is used to store a sample collection membrane for sampling, and the accelerating circulation part is used to increase the flow rate of the atmosphere passing through the sample collection membrane;

[0009] A collection film storage bin that can be opened and closed is provided on one side of the shell, and a sample transfer component is installed in the shell. The sample transfer component is used to take out the sample collection film from the collection film storage bin and transfer it to the sample collection bin and the sample detection bin in sequence to complete sample collection and detection.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system of the present invention, the collection film storage bin comprises a storage bin 1 and a storage bin 2 which are arranged on one side of the shell from top to bottom in sequence, and a mounting frame for placing the collection film is provided in the storage bin 1 and the storage bin 2, and the sample collection film is embedded in the top of the mounting frame, and the mounting frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage bin 1 and the storage bin 2 respectively along the longitudinal direction;

[0011] The installation frame located in the storage compartment 1 is used to store the collection film of the uncollected sample, and the installation frame located in the storage compartment 2 is used to store the collection film of the tested sample;

[0012] The storage bin one and the storage bin two are connected via a connecting bin with an opening, and an intermittent unloading piece is provided on one side of the connecting bin, and the intermittent unloading piece is used to intermittently lower the installation frame in the storage bin one, and the sample transfer component is connected to the connecting bin, and the installation frame in the storage bin one is moved out of the opening of the connecting bin by the sample transfer component, and then moved from the opening of the connecting bin into the storage bin two by the sample transfer component.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system described in the present invention, wherein: the top of the storage bin one is threadedly connected with a mounting cover, the inner side of the mounting cover is connected with an elastic telescopic rod one extending downward, and the end of the elastic telescopic rod one away from the mounting cover is provided with a push plate for squeezing the mounting frame; one side of the shell is provided with a discharge port connected to the bottom of the storage bin two, and the discharge port is used to take out the mounting frame in the storage bin two.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system of the present invention, the sample transfer assembly includes a hollow connecting column installed in the shell, a longitudinal adjustment portion provided on one side of the connecting column, and a transverse adjustment portion provided on one side of the connecting column and adapted to the longitudinal adjustment portion, and a limiting portion capable of clamping the mounting frame is provided on one side of the longitudinal adjustment portion and the transverse adjustment portion, and the limiting portion realizes transverse and longitudinal position adjustment respectively through the transverse adjustment portion and the longitudinal adjustment portion;

[0015] The connecting column is arranged between the sample detection chamber and the sample collection chamber, the longitudinal adjustment part is used to move the installation frame with the collection film to the designated positions of the sample detection chamber and the sample collection chamber, and the transverse adjustment part is used to drive the installation frame with the collection film to switch between the collection film storage chamber, the sample collection chamber and the sample detection chamber.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system of the present invention, the longitudinal adjustment part includes a driving motor 1 arranged on one side of the connecting column, a driving gear 1 rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting column and coaxially connected to the output end of the driving motor 1, and two sets of driving racks 1 slidably connected to both sides of the connecting column and respectively meshed with the driving gear 1;

[0017] The lateral adjustment part includes an adjustment column rotatably connected to the outside of the connection column, an adjustment gear arranged at one end of the adjustment column, a second drive motor installed in the shell, and a transmission gear arranged at the output end of the second drive motor and meshing with the adjustment gear.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system of the present invention, the limiting part includes a mounting frame arranged in the shell, a connecting ring fixedly connected to one side of the mounting frame and adapted to the outer wall of the adjusting column, and a notch arranged on one side of the connecting ring;

[0019] There are two groups of connecting rings distributed longitudinally, the notch of the upper connecting ring is arranged close to one side of the sample collection bin, and the notch of the lower connecting ring is arranged close to one side of the sample detection bin, and an annular limiting guide rail is provided between the two groups of connecting rings, and at least three groups of limiting parts for clamping the mounting frame are slidably connected in the limiting guide rail.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system described in the present invention, wherein: the outer side of the driving rack 1 protrudes outward and is provided with a connecting guide rail adapted to the limit guide rail, the radius of the inner wall of the adjusting column is larger than the maximum distance from the connecting guide rail to the center of the adjusting column, and the surface of the adjusting column is provided with at least three groups of longitudinal slide grooves 1, and the limit member is connected to the connecting guide rail when it moves to the notch, and each group of the limit members is connected to a group of slide grooves 1.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system described in the present invention, the limit member includes a limit block arranged in a slide groove and slidably connected to a limit guide rail, a slider adapted to the connecting guide rail is provided on the side of the limit block close to the driving rack one, and two groups of clamping sleeves adapted to the outer shape of the mounting frame are rotatably connected to the side of the limit block away from the slider, a driving gear two is connected to one side of the rotating shaft between the two groups of the clamping sleeves and the limit block, the limit block is slidably connected to a driving rack two meshing with the two groups of driving gears two, a reset spring one is connected between the driving rack two and the limit block, a magnetic plate is provided on the side of the driving rack two close to the slider, and an electromagnet adapted to the magnetic plate is provided on the side of the notch of the upper connecting ring close to the lower connecting ring.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system described in the present invention, the inner side of the clamping sleeve is provided with a mounting groove which opens upward and is adapted to the shape of the mounting frame, the electromagnet located at the lower connecting ring is arranged on the side close to the notch of the upper connecting ring, and the electromagnet located at the upper connecting ring is arranged on the side close to the notch of the lower connecting ring. When the electromagnet is energized to attract the magnetic plate, the clamping sleeve rotates relative to the limit block and releases the limit on the mounting frame.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the urban air environment quality monitoring system described in the present invention, wherein: the top of the sample detection chamber is provided with a through groove 1 adapted to the clamping sleeve, the side of the sample detection chamber close to the notch is provided with a slide groove 2, the bottom of the connecting pipe is provided with a through groove 2 adapted to the clamping sleeve, the side of the connecting pipe close to the connecting column is provided with a slide groove 3, and the slide groove 2 and the slide groove 3 are both adapted to the limit block.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the urban air environment quality monitoring system of the present invention are as follows: the detector, sampling assembly, collection film storage bin and sample transfer assembly arranged in the present invention cooperate with each other, so as to automatically complete the sampling and result detection of multiple groups of sampling films within a period of time, reduce the interval period from each sampling to detection, and at the same time ensure the applicability of the sampling samples and the accuracy of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention in a top view.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sample transfer component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the collection film storage bin of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure shown.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the sample transfer assembly of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the limiting part of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the sample transfer assembly of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sample transfer assembly of the present invention when viewed from above.

[0036] Fig.11 For the present invention Fig.10 The enlarged structural diagram of point B is shown.

[0037] Fig.12 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the clamping sleeve of the present invention clamping the mounting frame.

[0038] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure when the clamping sleeve of the present invention is loosened from the mounting frame.

[0039] In the figure: 100, detector; 101, housing; 102, sample detection chamber; 102a, through slot 1; 102b, slide slot 2; 103, X-ray generator; 200, cleaning assembly; 201, elastic telescopic rod 2; 202, cleaning piston; 203, dust collection chamber; 204, baffle; 300, sampling assembly; 301, connecting pipe; 301a, protective cover; 301b, ventilation slot; 302, sample collection chamber ; 302a, through slot 2; 302b, slide slot 3; 303, accelerating circulation part; 303a, fan; 303b, exhaust pipe; 400, collection film storage bin; 401, storage bin 1; 401a, installation cover; 401b, elastic telescopic rod 1; 401c, push plate; 402, storage bin 2; 402a, discharge port; 403, installation frame; 404, connection bin; 405, intermittent unloading piece; 405a, concave slot; 405b, baffle; 405c, rotating shaft; 500, sample transfer assembly; 501, connecting column; 502, longitudinal adjustment unit; 502a, driving motor 1; 502b, driving gear 1; 502c, driving rack 1; 502c-1, connecting guide rail; 503, transverse adjustment unit; 503a, adjusting column; 503a-1, slide slot 1; 503b, adjusting gear; 503c, driving motor 2; 5 04, limit part; 504a, mounting frame; 504b, connecting ring; 504c, notch; 504d, limit guide rail; 504e, limit piece; 504e-1, limit block; 504e-2, slider; 504e-3, clamping sleeve; 504e-4, driving gear 2; 504e-5, driving rack 2; 504e-6, reset spring 1; 504e-7, magnetic plate; 504e-8, electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides an urban air environment quality monitoring system, which can automatically complete the sampling and result detection of multiple groups of sampling membranes within a period of time, and the interval between each sampling and detection is relatively short. It includes: a detector 100, a sampling component 300, a collection membrane storage bin 400 and a sample transfer component 500. The detector 100 is used to detect the element content in atmospheric particulate matter, and the sampling component 300 is used to collect atmospheric particulate matter samples. By setting the sample transfer component 500, the sample collection membrane is automatically taken out from the collection membrane storage bin 400, and then transferred to the sample collection bin 302 and the sample detection bin 102 in turn to complete the sample collection and detection.

[0045] Specifically, the detector 100 is a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, which includes a shell 101, a sample detection chamber 102 disposed in the shell 101, and an X-ray generator 103 disposed in the shell 101 and capable of generating primary X-rays. The sample detection chamber 102 is located in the ray emission direction of the X-ray generator 103.

[0046] Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis is an existing technology. Its measurement principle is that when the primary X-rays generated by the instrument's X-ray tube are irradiated onto the flat and uniform surface of the particle sample, the excited sample will produce characteristic X-rays. After the X-rays are split by the crystal, the detector measures the X-ray fluorescence intensity at the 2θ angle corresponding to the selected characteristic wavelength. When the particle load is within a certain range, the thin sample analysis technology is used, and the X-ray fluorescence intensity is proportional to the content of the measured element. The wavelength dispersive XRF method of atmospheric particulate matter is based on the corresponding relationship between the characteristic X-ray wavelength and the atomic number, which is the Moseley law, while the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer uses a spectroscopic crystal to separate the spectral lines of the analyzed elements, following the Bragg law.

[0047] Therefore, under certain crystal conditions, the relationship between the elements in the sample and their diffraction angles can be determined, and the types of elements in the sample can be identified by using the goniometer 2θ scanning. When performing qualitative analysis, the interference caused by some spectral line overlap will affect the qualitative identification of elements, and the corresponding filters can be used to remove the interference.

[0048] Further, the sampling assembly 300 is arranged at the top of the housing 101, and includes a connecting pipe 301 arranged at the top of the housing 101 and having an opening, a sample collection chamber 302 arranged inside the connecting pipe 301 and close to one side of the opening, and an accelerating circulation part 303 arranged at one side of the housing 101 and connected to the connecting pipe 301. The sample collection chamber 302 is used to store the sample collection membrane for sampling, and the accelerating circulation part 303 is used to increase the flow rate of the atmosphere passing through the sample collection membrane. The sample collection chamber 302 is arranged at the top opening of the connecting pipe 301, and has a certain height difference compared with the housing 101, which can reduce the interference of a part of the device body on the atmospheric flow and ensure the applicability of the collected sample. The filter membranes used for particulate matter collection include glass fiber membranes, quartz filter membranes, organic filter membranes, etc. Among them, the glass fiber filter membrane is not suitable for the collection of inorganic elements because its main component is aluminosilicate and contains other impurities. A Teflon filter membrane with low background value and good stability can be selected to collect inorganic elements in ambient air particulate matter. In order to ensure the integrity of the sample film and reduce the possibility of damage to the film due to X-ray irradiation, a layer of XRF-specific polypropylene film can be covered on the bottom of the sample cup.

[0049] In this embodiment, the accelerating circulation part 303 includes a fan 303a disposed on one side of the housing 101, and an exhaust pipe 303b disposed at the air inlet end of the fan 303a. The exhaust pipe 303b is connected to the connecting pipe 301 and a connecting groove is formed at the connecting part. The openings of the connecting groove and the connecting pipe 301 are respectively located on different sides of the sample collection chamber 302. After the fan 303a is started, the exhaust pipe 303b extracts the air in the connecting pipe 301, so that a pressure difference is generated on both sides of the sample collection chamber 302, thereby accelerating the air flow through the sample collection chamber 302, collecting atmospheric particles on the collection membrane, and the remaining air can flow through the sample collection chamber 302, thereby improving the sampling efficiency of the collection membrane.

[0050] Furthermore, the connecting tube 301 is arranged in the longitudinal direction and the opening is arranged at the top, the top opening of the connecting tube 301 is provided with a protective cover 301a covering the top opening of the connecting tube 301 in the vertical direction, and the side of the protective cover 301a is provided with a ventilation groove 301b connected with the top opening of the connecting tube 301. When the device is placed outdoors for sampling, the protective cover 301a can prevent rainwater from flowing directly in during rainy weather, and maintain air circulation through the ventilation groove 301b on the side.

[0051] Among them, an openable and closable collection film storage bin 400 is provided on one side of the shell 101, and a sample transfer assembly 500 is installed in the shell 101. The sample transfer assembly 500 is used to take out the sample collection membrane from the collection film storage bin 400 and transfer it to the sample collection bin 302 and the sample detection bin 102 in sequence to complete sample collection and detection.

[0052] Preferably, the collection film storage bin 400 includes a storage bin 1 401 and a storage bin 2 402 which are arranged in order from top to bottom on one side of the shell 101, and a mounting frame 403 for placing the collection film is provided in the storage bin 1 401 and the storage bin 2 402, and the sample collection membrane is embedded in the top of the mounting frame 403, and the mounting frame 403 is slidably connected to the inner walls of the storage bin 1 401 and the storage bin 2 402 along the longitudinal direction.

[0053] Among them, the installation frame 403 located in the storage bin 1 401 is used to store the collection film of the uncollected sample, and the installation frame 403 located in the storage bin 2 402 is used to store the collection film of the sample after detection; the storage bin 1 401 and the storage bin 2 402 are connected by a connecting bin 404 with an opening, and an intermittent unloading part 405 is provided on one side of the connecting bin 404. The intermittent unloading part 405 blocks the installation frame 403 between the storage bin 1 401 and the storage bin 2 402, and can be used to realize the unloading of the installation frame 403 in the storage bin 1 401. The sample transfer component 500 is connected to the connecting bin 404. After the installation frame 403 in the storage bin 1 401 is moved out from the opening of the connecting bin 404 through the sample transfer component 500, it is moved from the opening of the connecting bin 404 into the storage bin 2 402 through the sample transfer component 500.

[0054] The intermittent blanking member 405 is a prior art, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a groove 405a can be provided on the side wall of the installation frame 403. When the installation frames 403 are stacked vertically, a gap is formed between the grooves 405a of adjacent installation frames 403. The intermittent unloading member 405 is provided with a rotating shaft 405c driven by a motor. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 405c is rotatably connected to the storage bin 2 402. The output end of the motor and the rotating shaft are driven by gears. Two groups of baffles 405b are provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 405c. The height difference between the two groups of baffles 405b is adapted to the height size of the installation frame 403. Both groups of baffles 405b can be stacked in the installation frame 403. After being folded, it extends into the groove 405a to limit the installation frame 403. When the lower baffle plate 405b removes the blocking and limiting effect on the lower installation frame 403 through the rotating shaft 405c, the upper baffle plate 405b maintains the blocking and limiting effect on the upper installation frame 403, and the lower installation frame 403 is released. When the upper baffle plate 405b removes the blocking and limiting effect on the installation frame 403 through the rotating shaft 405c, the installation frame 403 loses the blocking effect and is lowered, while the lower baffle plate 405b continues to maintain the blocking and limiting effect on the installation frame 403, thereby realizing intermittent unloading of the installation frame 403.

[0055] In this embodiment, the top of the storage bin 1 401 is threadedly connected with a mounting cover 401a, the inner side of the mounting cover 401a is connected with an elastic telescopic rod 1 401b extending downward, and the end of the elastic telescopic rod 1 401b away from the mounting cover 401a is provided with a push plate 401c for squeezing the mounting frame 403; one side of the housing 101 is provided with a discharge port 402a connected to the bottom of the storage bin 2 402, and the discharge port 402a is used to take out the mounting frame 403 in the storage bin 2 402. The elastic telescopic rod 1 401b can generate thrust on the push plate 401c, thereby pressing down the mounting frame 403 to ensure smooth material discharge, and the mounting cover 401a connected by the thread is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the mounting frame 403.

[0056] Furthermore, the sample transfer assembly 500 includes a connecting column 501 which is installed in the shell 101 and is hollow inside, a longitudinal adjustment portion 502 provided on one side of the connecting column 501, and a transverse adjustment portion 503 provided on one side of the connecting column 501 and adapted to the longitudinal adjustment portion 502. A limiting portion 504 which can clamp the mounting frame 403 is provided on one side of the longitudinal adjustment portion 502 and the transverse adjustment portion 503. The limiting portion 504 realizes transverse and longitudinal position adjustment respectively through the transverse adjustment portion 503 and the longitudinal adjustment portion 502.

[0057] Among them, the connecting column 501 is arranged between the sample detection chamber 102 and the sample collection chamber 302, the longitudinal adjustment part 502 is used to move the installation frame 403 with the collection film to the designated positions of the sample detection chamber 102 and the sample collection chamber 302, and the transverse adjustment part 503 is used to drive the installation frame 403 with the collection film to switch between the collection film storage chamber 400, the sample collection chamber 302 and the sample detection chamber 102.

[0058] Working principle: First, remove the installation cover 401a by screwing, install multiple installation frames 403 with collection membranes into the storage bin 1 401, then screw on the installation cover 401a, so that the push plate 401c squeezes the installation frame 403 through the compressed elastic telescopic rod 1 401b, until the installation frame 403 slides between the storage bin 1 401 to the bottom and is blocked by the baffle 405b of the intermittent unloading member 405. The intermittent unloading member 405 is controlled by a motor to lower the installation frame 403 once when needed;

[0059] Sampling process: Next, a group of installation frames 403 with collection membranes lowered by the intermittent material discharger 405 are clamped by the limiting part 504, and then the installation frames 403 with collection membranes are driven to move out of the opening of the connecting chamber 404 and move to the bottom of the connecting tube 301 by the lateral adjustment part 503, and then the installation frames 403 with collection membranes are pushed to move longitudinally into the sample collection chamber 302 by the longitudinal adjustment part 502 for sampling, and the accelerated circulation part 303 is opened to increase the flow rate of the atmosphere passing through the sample collection membrane, thereby completing rapid sampling;

[0060] Detection process: After the sampling of the collection film in the installation frame 403 is completed, the installation frame 403 is moved out of the connecting tube 301 from the sample collection chamber 302 through the longitudinal adjustment part 502, and then the installation frame 403 is driven to move into the sample detection chamber 102 through the transverse adjustment part 503, and then the X-ray generator 103 is turned on to detect the collection film containing the atmospheric particulate matter sample in the installation frame 403, and the element content result in the atmospheric particulate matter is quickly obtained through the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, thereby completing rapid and automated detection and reducing the interval from sampling to detection.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Reference Figure 1-Figure 13 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. Different from the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a specific implementation structure of the longitudinal adjustment part 502, the transverse adjustment part 503 and the limit part 504, which can perform continuous sampling and detection, so as to monitor the change process of the atmospheric environment quality over a period of time.

[0063] Specifically, the longitudinal adjustment part 502 includes a driving motor 1 502a disposed on one side of the connecting column 501, a driving gear 1 502b rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting column 501 and coaxially connected to the output end of the driving motor 1 502a, and two sets of driving racks 1 502c slidably connected to both sides of the connecting column 501 and respectively meshed with the driving gear 1 502b. The transverse adjustment part 503 includes an adjustment column 503a rotatably connected to the outer side of the connecting column 501, an adjustment gear 503b disposed at one end of the adjustment column 503a, a driving motor 2 503c installed in the housing 101, and a transmission gear 503d disposed at the output end of the driving motor 2 503c and meshed with the adjustment gear 503b.

[0064] Among them, the limiting portion 504 includes a mounting frame 504a arranged in the shell 101, a connecting ring 504b fixedly connected to one side of the mounting frame 504a and adapted to the outer wall of the adjusting column 503a, and a notch 504c arranged on one side of the connecting ring 504b. There are two groups of connecting rings 504b distributed in the longitudinal direction. The notch 504c of the upper connecting ring 504b is arranged close to one side of the sample collection chamber 302, and the notch 504c of the lower connecting ring 504b is arranged close to one side of the sample detection chamber 102. An annular limiting guide rail 504d is opened between the two groups of connecting rings 504b, and at least three groups of limiting members 504e for clamping the mounting frame 403 are slidably connected in the limiting guide rail 504d.

[0065] Among them, a connecting guide rail 502c-1 adapted to the limiting guide rail 504d is protruded outward from the outer side of the driving rack 502c, the radius of the inner wall of the adjusting column 503a is greater than the maximum distance from the connecting guide rail 502c-1 to the center of the adjusting column 503a, and at least three groups of longitudinal sliding grooves 503a-1 are provided on the surface of the adjusting column 503a. The limiting member 504e is connected to the connecting guide rail 502c-1 when it moves to the notch 504c, and each group of limiting members 504e is connected to a group of sliding grooves 503a-1. In this embodiment, four groups of slide grooves 503a-1 are arranged and distributed in a circular array with the rotation center of the adjusting column 503a. The sample collection chamber 302, the sample detection chamber 102 and the collection film storage chamber 400 are all distributed at an interval of 90° with the rotation center of the adjusting column 503a. In this way, the adjusting column 503a rotates 90° each time as an interval, so that each time the adjusting column 503a stops rotating, there are three groups of slide grooves 503a-1 corresponding to the directions of the sample collection chamber 302, the sample detection chamber 102 and the collection film storage chamber 400, and the other group of slide grooves 503a-1 is used as a transition. It is worth noting that since each group of slide grooves 503a-1 is provided with a limit piece 504e, that is, each time the driving motor 503c drives the adjusting column 503a to rotate 90°, it will simultaneously drive different groups of limit pieces 504e and the corresponding mounting frames 403 to move to different positions, and each time the driving motor 502a is driven, the driving racks 502c on both sides also drive a group of mounting frames 403 to move to the sampling and detection positions, thereby shortening the interval time between sampling and detection and increasing efficiency, thereby achieving more accurate monitoring of changes in atmospheric environmental quality over a period of time.

[0066] Preferably, the limiting member 504e includes a limiting block 504e-1 disposed in a slide groove 503a-1 and slidably connected to a limiting guide rail 504d, a slider 504e-2 adapted to the connecting guide rail 502c-1 is disposed on the side of the limiting block 504e-1 close to the driving rack 502c, and two groups of clamping sleeves 504e-3 adapted to the outer shape of the mounting frame 403 are rotatably connected to the side of the limiting block 504e-1 away from the slider 504e-2, and a driving gear is connected to one side of the rotating shaft between the two groups of clamping sleeves 504e-3 and the limiting block 504e-1. The second drive gear 504e-4 is provided, and the limit block 504e-1 is slidably connected with the second drive rack 504e-5 meshing with the two sets of second drive gears 504e-4. A return spring 504e-6 is connected between the second drive rack 504e-5 and the limit block 504e-1. A magnetic plate 504e-7 is provided on the side of the second drive rack 504e-5 close to the slider 504e-2. An electromagnet 504e-8 adapted to the magnetic plate 504e-7 is provided on the side of the notch 504c of the upper connecting ring 504b close to the lower connecting ring 504b. The electromagnet 504e-8 is a prior art, and has magnetism after being energized, and can attract the adapted magnetic plate 504e-7.

[0067] The electromagnet 504e-8 located at the lower connecting ring 504b is arranged on the side of the notch 504c close to the upper connecting ring 504b, and the electromagnet 504e-8 located at the upper connecting ring 504b is arranged on the side of the notch 504c close to the lower connecting ring 504b. When the electromagnet 504e-8 is energized to attract the magnetic plate 504e-7, the clamping sleeve 504e-3 rotates relative to the limit block 504e-1 and releases the limit on the mounting frame 403.

[0068] Furthermore, a through groove 102a adapted to the clamping sleeve 504e-3 is provided on the top of the sample detection chamber 102, a slide groove 102b is provided on the side of the sample detection chamber 102 close to the notch 504c, a through groove 302a adapted to the clamping sleeve 504e-3 is provided on the bottom of the connecting tube 301, and a slide groove 302b is provided on the side of the connecting tube 301 close to the connecting column 501; when the clamping sleeve 504e-3 clamps the mounting frame 403, the clamping sleeve 504e-3 can enter the sample detection chamber 102 longitudinally through the through groove 102a, and the clamping sleeve 504e-3 can enter the sample collection chamber 302 longitudinally through the through groove 302a, and the slide groove 102b and the slide groove 302b are both adapted to the limit block 504e-1.

[0069] In this embodiment, a cleaning assembly 200 for cleaning the inner wall of the sample detection chamber 102 is provided in the sample detection chamber 102. The cleaning assembly 200 includes an elastic telescopic rod 201 disposed inside the sample detection chamber 102, a cleaning piston 202 disposed at the top of the elastic telescopic rod 201 and slidably connected to the inner wall of the sample detection chamber 102, and a dust collecting chamber 203 connected to the bottom of the sample detection chamber 102. The dust collecting chamber 203 is connected to the housing 101. A baffle 204 that can cover the second slide groove 102b is provided on one side of the sample detection chamber 102. The baffle 204 is connected to the cleaning piston 202 and slidably connected relative to the second slide groove 102b. Preferably, the X-ray generator 103 can be connected to the baffle 204, so that when the cleaning piston 202 moves downward, it can move downward with the baffle 204, and then the X-ray generator 103 can also enter the cleaned sample detection chamber 102 in the longitudinal direction through the through groove 102a, further reducing the interference caused by the unclean detection environment and improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0070] The rest of the structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0071] Working principle: when in use, start the second driving motor 503c, drive the adjusting gear 503b to rotate through the transmission gear 503d, and then drive the adjusting column 503a to rotate a certain angle, the adjusting column 503a rotates so that the limit blocks 504e-1 located on different groups of chute 1 503a-1 move in a circle along the limit guide rail 504d, and the second driving motor 503c is set to drive the adjusting column 503a to rotate 90 degrees at intervals, so that each group of chute 1 503a-1 pushes the limit blocks 504e-1 to move to the sample collection chamber 302, the sample detection chamber 102 and the collection film storage chamber 400 for a short stay, respectively completing sample collection, detection and replacement of the collection film.

[0072] Take the collection film storage bin 400 as the starting point for example: when the limit block 504e-1 on a group of slide slots 1 503a-1 moves along the limit guide rail 504d to the direction of the collection film storage bin 400, the clamping sleeve 504e-3 on one side of the limit block 504e-1 will drive a group of tested collection films and the corresponding installation frame 403 to move to the opening of the connecting bin 404, and align with the storage bin 1 401 and the storage bin 2 402 respectively. At this time, the electromagnet 504e-8 is energized to make it magnetic and attract the magnetic plate 504e-7 on the limit block 504e-1. After being attracted by the magnetic force, the sex plate 504e-7 drives the driving rack 2 504e-5 to slide relative to the limit block 504e-1, and compresses the reset spring 1 504e-6 to gather the elastic force, thereby driving the two groups of driving gears 2 504e-4 to rotate synchronously, so that the clamping sleeve 504e-3 coaxial with the driving gear 2 504e-4 rotates to both sides to release the installation frame 403, and the group of installation frames 403 with the post-detection collection film loses the clamping limit of the clamping sleeve 504e-3 and moves to the storage bin 2 402 under the action of gravity, and can finally be taken out through the discharge port 402a at the bottom.

[0073] The process of moving to the sample collection chamber 302 is as follows: after the installation frame 403 is released, the power to the electromagnet 504e-8 is disconnected, so that the magnetism of the electromagnet 504e-8 disappears, and the magnetic plate 504e-7 loses its magnetic attraction, and then the driving rack 2 504e-5 is reset to slide relative to the limit block 504e-1 under the elastic force of the reset spring 1 504e-6, thereby driving the two sets of driving gears 2 504e-4 to reset and rotate, and the clamping sleeve 504e-3 also rotates to form a complete installation groove adapted to the installation frame 403. At this time, another set of installation frames 403 with collection membranes are lowered through the intermittent unloading piece 405. After the installation frame 403 falls into the installation groove, it is limited by the clamping sleeve 504e-3, and then the driving motor 2 503c is started to rotate the adjusting column 503a by 90°, and the slide groove 1 503 a-1 pushes the limit block 504e-1 to move along the limit guide rail 504d to the notch 504c, so that the slider 504e-2 on one side of the limit block 504e-1 slides into the connecting guide rail 502c-1. At this time, the installation frame 403 of the collection film group is located at the through groove 2 302a at the bottom of the connecting tube 301. The driving motor 1 502a is started to drive the driving gear 1 502b to rotate, so that the driving rack 1 502c drives the connecting guide rail 502c-1 to move longitudinally relative to the slide groove 1 503a-1. The movement of the connecting guide rail 502c-1 will drive the clamping sleeve 504e-3 and the installation frame 403 of the collection film to move longitudinally through the slider 504e-2 and the limit block 504e-1 until the installation frame 403 of the collection film moves into the sample collection chamber 302 for sampling.

[0074] The process of moving to the sample detection chamber 102: after the sampling is completed, the driving motor 1 502a is started in the reverse direction, so that the installation frame 403 after the sampling is completed is moved back to the through groove 2 302a at the bottom of the connecting tube 301, and then the driving motor 2 503c is started again to rotate the adjustment column 503a by 90 degrees. Under the push of the slide groove 1 503a-1, the limit block 504e-1 is moved from the notch 504c to the limit guide rail 504d again, and the slider 504e-2 slides out of the connecting guide rail 502c-1; then the adjusting column 503a is rotated by 90 degrees again by the driving motor 2 503c, and the slider 504e-2 slides to the connecting guide rail 502c-1 on the other side, and the installation frame 403 of the group of collection membranes is located in the sample detection chamber 10 2, after the driving motor 102a is started, the driving rack 102c on this side drives the connecting guide rail 502c-1 to move downward along the longitudinal direction relative to the sliding groove 103a-1, so that the installation frame 403 of the group collection film enters the sample detection chamber 102, and squeezes the cleaning piston 202 to slide downward along the inner wall of the sample detection chamber 102, and at the same time compresses the elastic telescopic rod 201 to shrink and gather elastic force. The downward movement of the cleaning piston 202 will clean the inner wall of the sample detection chamber 102, and squeeze the sample detection chamber 102 dust collection chamber 203 out of the shell 101 with the air pressure, and then the X-ray generator 103 emits rays for detection, thereby reducing the reduction of detection accuracy caused by uncleanness in the sample detection chamber 102.

[0075] Finally, start the driving motor 1 502a in reverse to move the detected collection membrane and the installation frame 403 out of the sample detection chamber 102, and continue to rotate the adjustment column 503a 90° through the driving motor 2 503c, so that the detected collection membrane and the installation frame 403 are moved to the opening of the connecting chamber 404, and the detected collection membrane and the installation frame 403 are placed in the storage chamber 2 402, and continue with subsequent detection.

[0076] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring the quality of urban air environment, comprising a detector (100) for detecting the content of elements in atmospheric particulate matter and a sampling assembly (300) for collecting atmospheric particulate matter samples, characterized in that: The detector (100) is a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, comprising a housing (101), a sample detection chamber (102) disposed in the housing (101), and an X-ray generator (103) disposed in the housing (101) and capable of generating primary X-rays, wherein the sample detection chamber (102) is located in the ray emission direction of the X-ray generator (103); The sampling assembly (300) is arranged on the top of the housing (101), and comprises a connecting tube (301) arranged on the top of the housing (101) and having an opening, a sample collection chamber (302) arranged inside the connecting tube (301) and close to one side of the opening, and an accelerating circulation portion (303) arranged on one side of the housing (101) and connected to the connecting tube (301), wherein the sample collection chamber (302) is used to store a sample collection membrane for sampling, and the accelerating circulation portion (303) is used to increase the flow rate of the atmosphere passing through the sample collection membrane; A collection film storage bin (400) that can be opened and closed is provided on one side of the housing (101), and a sample transfer assembly (500) is installed in the housing (101). The sample transfer assembly (500) is used to take out the sample collection film from the collection film storage bin (400) and transfer it to the sample collection bin (302) and the sample detection bin (102) in sequence to complete sample collection and detection.

2. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection film storage bin (400) comprises a storage bin 1 (401) and a storage bin 2 (402) which are arranged on one side of the housing (101) in order from top to bottom, and a mounting frame (403) for placing the collection film is arranged inside the storage bin 1 (401) and the storage bin 2 (402), and the sample collection film is embedded in the top of the mounting frame (403), and the mounting frame (403) is slidably connected to the inner walls of the storage bin 1 (401) and the storage bin 2 (402) along the longitudinal direction; The installation frame (403) located in the storage chamber 1 (401) is used to store the collection film of the uncollected sample, and the installation frame (403) located in the storage chamber 2 (402) is used to store the collection film of the tested sample; The storage bin one (401) and the storage bin two (402) are connected via a connecting bin (404) having an opening. An intermittent material discharge component (405) is provided on one side of the connecting bin (404). The intermittent material discharge component (405) is used to intermittently lower the installation frame (403) in the storage bin one (401). The sample transfer component (500) is connected to the connecting bin (404). After the installation frame (403) in the storage bin one (401) is moved out of the opening of the connecting bin (404) through the sample transfer component (500), it is moved from the opening of the connecting bin (404) into the storage bin two (402) through the sample transfer component (500).

3. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the storage bin 1 (401) is threadedly connected to a mounting cover (401a), the inner side of the mounting cover (401a) is connected to an elastic telescopic rod 1 (401b) extending downward, and the end of the elastic telescopic rod 1 (401b) away from the mounting cover (401a) is provided with a push plate (401c) for squeezing the mounting frame (403); one side of the shell (101) is provided with a discharge port (402a) connected to the bottom of the storage bin 2 (402), and the discharge port (402a) is used to take out the mounting frame (403) in the storage bin 2 (402).

4. The urban air environment quality monitoring system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The sample transfer assembly (500) comprises a hollow connecting column (501) installed in the housing (101), a longitudinal adjustment portion (502) arranged on one side of the connecting column (501), and a transverse adjustment portion (503) arranged on one side of the connecting column (501) and adapted to the longitudinal adjustment portion (502), wherein one side of the longitudinal adjustment portion (502) and the transverse adjustment portion (503) are both provided with a limiting portion (504) capable of clamping the mounting frame (403), and the limiting portion (504) realizes transverse and longitudinal position adjustment respectively through the transverse adjustment portion (503) and the longitudinal adjustment portion (502); The connecting column (501) is arranged between the sample detection chamber (102) and the sample collection chamber (302); the longitudinal adjustment portion (502) is used to move the installation frame (403) with the collection film to the designated positions of the sample detection chamber (102) and the sample collection chamber (302); and the transverse adjustment portion (503) is used to drive the installation frame (403) with the collection film to switch between the collection film storage chamber (400), the sample collection chamber (302) and the sample detection chamber (102).

5. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal adjustment part (502) comprises a driving motor (502a) disposed on one side of the connecting column (501), a driving gear (502b) rotatably connected to the inner side of the connecting column (501) and coaxially connected to the output end of the driving motor (502a), and two sets of driving racks (502c) slidably connected to both sides of the connecting column (501) and respectively meshing with the driving gear (502b); The lateral adjustment portion (503) comprises an adjustment column (503a) rotatably connected to the outside of the connection column (501), an adjustment gear (503b) arranged at one end of the adjustment column (503a), a second drive motor (503c) installed in the housing (101), and a transmission gear (503d) arranged at the output end of the second drive motor (503c) and meshing with the adjustment gear (503b).

6. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting portion (504) comprises a mounting frame (504a) disposed in the housing (101), a connecting ring (504b) fixedly connected to one side of the mounting frame (504a) and adapted to the outer wall of the adjusting column (503a), and a notch (504c) disposed on one side of the connecting ring (504b); The connecting rings (504b) are arranged in two groups along the longitudinal direction, the notch (504c) of the upper connecting ring (504b) is arranged close to one side of the sample collection chamber (302), and the notch (504c) of the lower connecting ring (504b) is arranged close to one side of the sample detection chamber (102), and an annular limiting guide rail (504d) is provided between the two groups of connecting rings (504b), and at least three groups of limiting members (504e) for clamping the installation frame (403) are slidably connected in the limiting guide rail (504d).

7. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving rack (502c) is provided with a connecting guide rail (502c-1) protruding outward from the outside and adapted to the limiting guide rail (504d); the radius of the inner wall of the adjusting column (503a) is greater than the maximum distance from the connecting guide rail (502c-1) to the center of the adjusting column (503a); at least three groups of longitudinal slide grooves (503a-1) are provided on the surface of the adjusting column (503a); the limiting member (504e) is connected to the connecting guide rail (502c-1) when it moves to the notch (504c); and each group of the limiting members (504e) is connected to a group of slide grooves (503a-1).

8. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting member (504e) comprises a limiting block (504e-1) arranged in a slide groove (503a-1) and slidably connected to a limiting guide rail (504d); a side of the limiting block (504e-1) close to the driving rack (502c) is provided with a slider (504e-2) adapted to the connecting guide rail (502c-1); a side of the limiting block (504e-1) away from the slider (504e-2) is rotatably connected to two groups of clamping sleeves (504e-3) adapted to the outer shape of the installation frame (403); one side of the rotating shaft between the two groups of the clamping sleeves (504e-3) and the limiting block (504e-1) is connected to a driving gear (2) 504e-4), the limit block (504e-1) is slidably connected to a driving rack 2 (504e-5) meshing with the two sets of driving gears 2 (504e-4), a return spring 1 (504e-6) is connected between the driving rack 2 (504e-5) and the limit block (504e-1), a magnetic plate (504e-7) is provided on the side of the driving rack 2 (504e-5) close to the slider (504e-2), and an electromagnet (504e-8) adapted to the magnetic plate (504e-7) is provided on the side of the notch (504c) of the upper connecting ring (504b) close to the lower connecting ring (504b).

9. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner side of the clamping sleeve (504e-3) is provided with a mounting groove which opens upward and matches the outer shape of the mounting frame (403); the electromagnet (504e-8) located at the lower connecting ring (504b) is arranged on the side of the notch (504c) close to the upper connecting ring (504b); the electromagnet (504e-8) located at the upper connecting ring (504b) is arranged on the side of the notch (504c) close to the lower connecting ring (504b); when the electromagnet (504e-8) is energized to attract the magnetic plate (504e-7), the clamping sleeve (504e-3) rotates relative to the limiting block (504e-1) and releases the limiting of the mounting frame (403).

10. The urban air quality monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the sample detection chamber (102) is provided with a through groove 1 (102a) adapted to the clamping sleeve (504e-3), and the side of the sample detection chamber (102) close to the notch (504c) is provided with a slide groove 2 (102b), the bottom of the connecting tube (301) is provided with a through groove 2 (302a) adapted to the clamping sleeve (504e-3), and the side of the connecting tube (301) close to the connecting column (501) is provided with a slide groove 3 (302b), and the slide groove 2 (102b) and the slide groove 3 (302b) are both adapted to the limit block (504e-1).

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