Superheated steam device and method for storage and preservation of rice

Abstract

The invention relates to a superheated steam device and method for storage and preservation of rice, the superheated steam device comprises a steam generating device and an enzyme deactivation box, the enzyme deactivation box comprises a sealed box body, the top of the box body is provided with a feed port, the bottom of the box body is provided with a discharge port, and a slide way is arranged in the box body to communicate the feed port with the discharge port; the sliding way is composed of a plurality of sliding plates which are fixed in the box body, distributed from top to bottom and sequentially arranged in a Z shape. Through holes with the diameter smaller than that of rice grains are evenly distributed in the sliding plates to form air holes. A plurality of steam inlets are formed in the two sides of the box body, a steam outlet is formed in the top of the box body, the steam inlets of the box body are connected with a steam outlet of the steam generating device through pipelines, and the steam outlet of the box body is connected with a steam recycling opening of the steam generating device through a pipeline; the method can effectively kill microorganisms, pests and oxidase in the rice and effectively prolong the storage life of the rice, so that the rice can safely live in summer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grain storage and processing, in particular to a superheated steam device and method for storing and preserving rice. Background Art

[0002] Rice is a finished grain that is husked and peeled from rice grains. Due to the loss of the protection of the husk and cortex, rice is easily affected by the external temperature, humidity, and oxygen during storage, leading to problems such as microbial growth, enzymatic oxidation deterioration, and insect infestation. It is one of the most difficult grain varieties to preserve, especially in the summer when the temperature is high. Rice storage is prone to mildew, insect infestation, fat oxidation and rancidity, and cannot be stored safely.

[0003] At present, there are basically two types of packaging for traditional rice preservation methods in China. One is ordinary packaging, which uses polypropylene plastic woven bags to package rice, and no preservation technology is applied to the rice before and after packaging; the other is to use vacuum packaging technology to vacuum the packaging bags. Both methods have certain disadvantages. Ordinary packaging basically has no insect-proof, mildew-proof and anti-oxidation effects on rice; vacuum packaging has certain insect-proof, mildew-proof and anti-oxidation effects on rice, but some studies have shown that rice tests have shown that the vacuum degree must be below -91992Pa to inhibit the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms, and it is difficult to maintain a vacuum degree below -91992Pa using a composite film with good airtightness. Even if a small package maintains a higher vacuum degree as the storage time increases, vacuum packaging is also difficult to control the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, and mold often occurs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention solves the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a superheated steam device and method for rice storage and preservation, which can effectively kill microorganisms, pests and oxidase in rice, effectively prolong the shelf life of rice, and ensure that rice can safely survive the summer.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention first proposes a superheated steam device for storing and preserving rice, including a steam generating device and an enzyme inactivation box, wherein the enzyme inactivation box includes a sealed box body, a feed inlet is provided at the top of the box body, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the box body, a slide is arranged in the box body to connect the feed inlet with the discharge port, the slide is composed of a plurality of slide plates fixed in the box body, arranged from top to bottom and arranged in sequence in a Z shape, the slide plates are evenly covered with through holes with a diameter smaller than that of rice grains to form air vents; a plurality of steam inlets are provided on both sides of the box body, a steam outlet is provided on the top of the box body, the steam inlet of the box body is connected to the steam outlet of the steam generating device through a pipeline, and the steam outlet of the box body is connected to the steam recovery port of the steam generating device through a pipeline.

[0006] In the above embodiment, a spiral feeding device is installed on the feeding port of the box body, and a spiral discharging device is installed in the discharging port of the box body.

[0007] In the above embodiment, the steam inlet includes a plurality of left-side steam inlets and a plurality of right-side steam inlets respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the box body, the plurality of left-side steam inlets and the plurality of right-side steam inlets are arranged along the height direction of the box body, and the left-side steam inlet and the right-side steam inlet are arranged alternately, and at least one steam inlet is arranged under each slide plate.

[0008] In the above embodiment, the enzyme inactivation box is a swing type enzyme inactivation box, the box body is hoisted and installed by a hoisting rope, the box body is connected to the movable end of a crank rocker mechanism, and the crank rocker mechanism drives the box body to swing along the length direction of the slide.

[0009] In the above embodiment, the steam generating device includes a steam generator, a steam superheater, a condensate trap, a separator and a circulating fan. The steam outlet of the steam generator is connected to a filter for filtering impurities in steam through a pipeline, the filter is connected to an inlet of a steam flow controller through a pipeline, the outlet of the steam flow controller is connected to an inlet of a condensate trap for collecting condensed water in superheated steam through a pipeline, the air outlet of the condensate trap is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater through a pipeline, the outlet of the steam superheater is connected to the steam inlet of a box through a pipeline, the steam outlet of the box is connected to the inlet of a separator for separating dust in steam through a pipeline, the air outlet of the separator is connected to the inlet of the circulating fan through a pipeline, and the outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater through a pipeline.

[0010] In the above implementation manner, the outside of the pipeline is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer.

[0011] In the above embodiment, the steam flow controller includes a first stop valve, a steam flow meter, a steam ratio regulating valve and a second stop valve which are connected in sequence through pipelines. A spare pipeline is also connected in parallel between the inlet of the first stop valve and the outlet of the second stop valve, and a third stop valve is installed on the spare pipeline.

[0012] The present invention also includes a method for storing fresh rice using the above device, which specifically includes the following steps: using a steam generating device to generate superheated steam at 220-300°C, then passing the superheated steam into an enzyme inactivation box, and at the same time passing the rice to be sterilized into the enzyme inactivation box, the rice to be sterilized stays in the box for 1-3 minutes, cooling the treated rice discharged from the box outlet, the cooling time is not less than 30 minutes, and finally packaging the cooled rice.

[0013] In the above implementation manner, the packaging is vacuum packaging or polypropylene plastic woven bag packaging.

[0014] By adopting the above scheme, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The device utilizes the steam generated by the steam generating device to be further heated by a steam superheater to become superheated steam, and then the superheated steam is passed into an enzyme inactivation box; then the rice to be sterilized enters the enzyme inactivation box through a spiral feeding device, and the rice to be sterilized flows from top to bottom on a slide plate arranged in a Z shape, and the residence time of the rice to be sterilized in the enzyme inactivation box is controlled, and at the same time, the rice to be sterilized is fully contacted with the superheated steam entering the enzyme inactivation box. On the one hand, high temperature is utilized to achieve the effects of enzyme inactivation, insecticide, and microbial killing of rice; on the other hand, the superheated steam entering the enzyme inactivation box will bring out dust in the rice after being in contact with the rice for heat treatment, and the rice to be sterilized is deashed, and the superheated steam subsequently discharged separates the dust through a separator, and is then recycled and used by a variable frequency circulating fan, thereby reducing energy consumption losses.

[0015] 2. The method generates superheated steam of 220-300° C. through a steam generating device, thereby improving the effects of sterilization and mildew removal. At the same time, the slide plate in the enzyme killing box of the device and the air holes arranged on the slide plate are used to disperse the rice to be sterilized in the enzyme killing box and slide from top to bottom through the slide plate. At the same time, the air holes are used to allow the superheated steam to pass through the slide plate and fully contact the rice sliding down the slide plate, thereby improving the effects of enzyme killing and sterilization.

[0016] 3. The present invention can also utilize the swing amplitude and swing frequency of the crank rocker mechanism to control the speed of the rice moving on the slide, thereby controlling the residence time of the rice to be sterilized in the enzyme inactivation box, ensuring that the rice can be sterilized and the properties of the rice will not be changed due to overheating.

[0017] In summary, rice treated by the device and method of the present invention can effectively kill microorganisms, pests and oxidase in rice, effectively prolong the shelf life of rice, and ensure that rice can safely survive the summer. Moreover, the present invention can be applied not only to the storage and preservation of rice, but also to the storage and preservation of grains such as soybeans, rice, wheat, oats, and corn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steam generating device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a stereogram of the enzyme inactivation box of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure, 1. steam generating device; 11. steam generator; 12. filter; 13. steam flow meter; 14. steam ratio regulating valve; 15. condensate collector; 16. steam trap; 17. steam superheater; 18. circulating fan; 19. separator; 2. enzyme inactivating box; 21. box body; 22. slide plate; 23. left steam inlet; 24. right steam inlet; 25. feed port; 26. discharge port; 27. steam outlet; 28. crank rocker mechanism; 29. ​​lifting rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 The superheated steam device for rice storage and preservation shown in the figure comprises a steam generating device 1 and an enzyme inactivation box 2, wherein the enzyme inactivation box 2 comprises a sealed box body 21, wherein a feed inlet 25 is provided at the top of the box body 21, and a discharge port 26 is provided at the bottom thereof, wherein a slideway is arranged inside the box body 21 to connect the feed inlet 25 with the discharge port 26, so that the rice to be sterilized entering from the feed inlet 25 is guided into the discharge port 26 along the slideway inside the box body 21; The slideway is composed of a plurality of slide plates 22 fixed in a box body 21 and arranged from top to bottom in a Z-shape. The upper side of the slide plate 22 is a smooth plane, and the slide plate 22 is evenly covered with through holes with a diameter smaller than that of a rice grain to form air holes. Specifically, if Figure 3As shown, each slide plate 22 is provided with an angle with the horizontal plane, and each slide plate 22 has three sides sealed and connected with the inner wall of the box body 21; wherein, the right side of the first slide plate 22 arranged at the top of the box body 21 is placed directly below the feed port 25, and is sealed and connected with the right inner wall of the box body 21 to form an inlet, a gap is provided between the left side of the first slide plate 22 and the left inner wall of the box body 21 to form an outlet, the front and rear sides of the first slide plate 22 are sealed and connected with the front and rear inner walls of the box body 21, the horizontal height of the inlet of the first slide plate 22 is higher than the horizontal height of the outlet, the inclination of the first slide plate 22 allows the rice to be sterilized placed on the upper side of the slide plate 22 to slide from the inlet of the slide plate 22 to the outlet, the second slide plate 22 is placed below the first slide plate 22, and the left side of the second slide plate 22 is placed directly at the outlet of the first slide plate 22 The second slide plate 22 is provided at the bottom and is sealed with the left inner wall of the box body 21 to form an inlet. A gap is provided between the right side of the second slide plate 22 and the right inner wall of the box body 21 to form an outlet. The front and rear sides of the second slide plate 22 are sealed with the front and rear inner walls of the box body 21. The horizontal height of the inlet of the second slide plate 22 is higher than the horizontal height of the outlet. In this way, the rice to be sterilized can fall from the outlet of the first slide plate 22 to the inlet of the second slide plate 22 and further slide downward to the outlet of the second slide plate 22. The slide plates 22 are arranged from top to bottom in the above manner, and finally the rice to be sterilized entering the box body 21 is introduced from the feed port 25 to the discharge port 26. Furthermore, a spiral feeding device and a photoelectric switch are installed on the feed port 25 of the box body 21, and a spiral discharging device is installed in the discharge port 26 of the box body 21.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the box body 21 is provided with a plurality of steam inlets, specifically, the steam inlet includes a plurality of left steam inlets 23 and a plurality of right steam inlets 24 respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the box body 21, a steam outlet 27 is provided on the top of the box body 21, the plurality of left steam inlets 23 and the plurality of right steam inlets 24 are arranged along the height direction of the box body 21, and the left steam inlet 23 and the right steam inlet 24 are arranged alternately, so that at least one steam inlet is arranged under each slide plate 22; the left steam inlet 23 and the right steam inlet 24 of the box body 21 are connected to the steam outlet 27 of the steam generating device 1 through a pipeline, and the steam outlet 27 of the box body 21 is connected to the steam recovery port of the steam generating device 1 through a pipeline.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, further, the enzyme inactivation box 2 is a swinging enzyme inactivation box 2, specifically, the box body 21 is hoisted by a hoisting rope 29, so that a gap is provided between the box body 21 and the ground, and the box body 21 is connected to the movable end of a crank rocker mechanism 28, and the crank rocker mechanism 28 drives the box body 21 to swing along the length direction of the slide plate 22 (that is, the direction in which the rice to be sterilized slides in the box body 21), and the speed at which the rice moves on the slide plate 22 is controlled by the swing amplitude of the enzyme inactivation box 2, thereby controlling the residence time of the rice in the enzyme inactivation box 2; the crank rocker mechanism 28 here can also be replaced with a vibration device, and the vibration frequency of the vibration device on the enzyme inactivation box 2 can be adjusted by the slope of the slide plate 22, and the residence time of the rice in the enzyme inactivation box 2 can also be controlled.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown in the separator 19, the steam generating device 1 includes a steam generator 11, a steam superheater 17, a condensate collector 15, a separator 19 and a circulating fan 18. The steam outlet of the steam generator 11 is connected to the filter 12 through a pipeline, the filter 12 is connected to the inlet of the steam flow controller through a pipeline, the outlet of the steam flow controller is connected to the inlet of the condensate collector 15 through a pipeline, the air outlet of the condensate collector 15 is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater 17 through a pipeline, the outlet of the steam superheater 17 is connected to the steam inlet of the box 21 through a pipeline, the steam outlet 27 of the box 21 is connected to the inlet of the separator 19 through a pipeline, the air outlet of the separator 19 is connected to the inlet of the circulating fan 18 through a pipeline, the outlet of the circulating fan 18 is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater 17 through a pipeline, and the outside of the above pipelines are all wrapped with a thermal insulation layer. The filter 12 described above is used to filter out impurities in the steam, the condensate collector is used to collect condensate in the superheated steam, and the separator 19 is used to separate dust in the steam; valves are installed on the steam outlets of the steam generator 11 and the steam superheater 17, and the condensate outlet of the condensate collector 15 is connected to the condensate collection tank through the steam trap 16.

[0028] Furthermore, the steam flow controller includes a first stop valve, a steam flow meter 13, a steam ratio regulating valve 14 and a second stop valve connected in sequence through pipelines, and a spare pipeline is connected in parallel between the inlet of the first stop valve and the outlet of the second stop valve, and a third stop valve is installed on the spare pipeline. The condensate outlet of the condensate collector 15 is connected to the water relief valve through a pipeline. The first stop valve and the second stop valve are used to prevent the reverse flow of generated steam.

[0029] Through the above structure, the steam generated by the steam generating device 1 is further heated by the steam superheater 17 to become superheated steam, and then the superheated steam is passed into the enzyme killing box 2, and the rice to be sterilized enters the enzyme killing box 2 through the spiral feeding device, and the rice to be sterilized flows from top to bottom on the slide plate 22 arranged in a Z shape, and fully contacts with the superheated steam entering the enzyme killing box 2, on the one hand, achieving the effects of enzyme killing, insect killing, and microbial killing of rice. On the other hand, the superheated steam entering the enzyme killing box 2 will bring out the dust in the rice after contacting with the rice for heat treatment, and the dust is separated by the separator 19, and the superheated steam is recycled and used by the variable frequency circulating fan 18 to avoid energy loss.

[0030] The present invention also includes a method for treating rice for storage and preservation using the above device, and the specific steps are as follows: using a steam generating device to generate superheated steam at 220-300°C, and then passing the superheated steam into an enzyme inactivation box, and at the same time passing the rice to be sterilized into the enzyme inactivation box, the rice to be sterilized stays in the box for 1-3 minutes, cooling the treated rice discharged from the box discharge port, the cooling time is not less than 30 minutes, and finally packaging the cooled rice.

[0031] The amount of superheated steam used is: 40-60 kg for 1 ton of rice in 1 hour.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In this embodiment, the rice preservation effect evaluation index is used to further evaluate the results of the rice treated by the method of the present application and the rice treated by the existing method: Storage conditions are as follows: From June 1 to October 1 (a total of 150 days), the warehouse temperature was 19-35°C (85 days above 25°C), the warehouse humidity was 70-90% (100 days above 80%), the rice after rice milling was treated by the superheated steam device of the present invention, and then packaged in polypropylene plastic woven bags. The preservation effects of ordinary packaged rice in polypropylene plastic woven bags (no other preservation technology was applied before and after packaging) and ordinary packaged rice in vacuum packaging were compared and analyzed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0034]

[0035] It can be seen from the above table that, compared with the prior art, the rice processed by the present invention is obviously of better quality and has the following remarkable characteristics: no pests are produced during storage, no odor (musty and aging odor), and the inherent glossy color of rice is maintained. This shows that the present invention can simultaneously achieve the effects of killing enzymes, insects, and microorganisms of rice, and can be effectively used in rice storage and preservation to achieve safe storage of rice through the summer.

[0036] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superheated steam device for storing and preserving rice, characterized in that: The invention comprises a steam generating device (1) and an enzyme inactivation box (2), wherein the enzyme inactivation box (2) comprises a sealed box body (21), wherein a feed inlet (25) is provided at the top of the box body (21), and a discharge outlet (26) is provided at the bottom, wherein a slideway is arranged in the box body (21) to connect the feed inlet (25) with the discharge outlet (26), wherein the slideway is composed of a plurality of slide plates (22) fixed in the box body (21) and arranged from top to bottom in a Z-shape, wherein the slide plates (22) are covered with through holes having a diameter smaller than that of a rice grain to form air vents; a plurality of steam inlets are arranged on both sides of the box body (21), wherein a steam outlet (27) is provided at the top of the box body (21), wherein the steam inlet of the box body (21) is connected to the steam outlet (27) of the steam generating device (1) through a pipeline, and the steam outlet (27) of the box body (21) is connected to the steam recovery port of the steam generating device (1) through a pipeline.

2. The superheated steam device for rice storage and preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral feeding device is installed on the feeding port (25) of the box body (21), and a spiral discharging device is installed in the discharging port (26) of the box body (21).

3. The superheated steam device for rice storage and preservation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam inlet comprises a plurality of left-side steam inlets (23) and a plurality of right-side steam inlets (24) respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the box body (21); the plurality of left-side steam inlets (23) and the plurality of right-side steam inlets (24) are arranged along the height direction of the box body (21); the left-side steam inlets (23) and the right-side steam inlets (24) are arranged in a staggered manner; and at least one steam inlet is arranged below each slide plate (22).

4. The superheated steam device for rice storage and preservation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enzyme inactivation box (2) is a swing-type enzyme inactivation box (2); the box body (21) is hoisted and installed by means of a hoisting rope (29); the box body (21) is connected to the movable end of a crank rocker mechanism (28); and the crank rocker mechanism (28) drives the box body (21) to swing along the length direction of the slide plate (22).

5. A superheated steam device for storing and preserving rice according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steam generating device (1) comprises a steam generator (11), a steam superheater (17), a condensate collector (15), a separator (19) and a circulating fan (18); the steam outlet of the steam generator (11) is connected to a filter (12) for filtering impurities in the steam through a pipeline; the filter (12) is connected to an inlet of a steam flow controller through a pipeline; the outlet of the steam flow controller is connected to an inlet of a condensate collector (15) for collecting condensate in the superheated steam through a pipeline; the condensate collector (19) is connected to an inlet of a steam flow controller for collecting condensate in the superheated steam through a pipeline; The air outlet of the collector (15) is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater (17) through a pipeline, the outlet of the steam superheater (17) is connected to the steam inlet of the box (21) through a pipeline, the steam outlet (27) of the box (21) is connected to the inlet of a separator (19) for separating dust from steam through a pipeline, the air outlet of the separator (19) is connected to the inlet of a circulation fan (18) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the circulation fan (18) is connected to the inlet of the steam superheater (17) through a pipeline.

6. The superheated steam device for rice storage and preservation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer sides of the pipelines are all wrapped with a thermal insulation layer.

7. The superheated steam device for rice storage and preservation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steam flow controller comprises a first stop valve, a steam flow meter (13), a steam ratio regulating valve (14) and a second stop valve which are connected in sequence through pipelines, and a spare pipeline is connected in parallel between the inlet of the first stop valve and the outlet of the second stop valve, and a third stop valve is installed on the spare pipeline.

8. A method for storing fresh rice using the device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: A steam generating device (1) generates superheated steam at 220-300° C., and then the superheated steam is introduced into an enzyme inactivation box (2). At the same time, rice to be sterilized is introduced into the enzyme inactivation box (2). The rice to be sterilized stays in the box (21) for 1-3 minutes. The rice is discharged from a discharge port (26) of the box (21) and then cooled. The cooling time is not less than 30 minutes. Finally, the cooled rice is packaged.

9. A method for storing fresh rice according to claim 8, characterized in that: The packaging is vacuum packaging or polypropylene plastic woven bag packaging.

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