Pneumatically-driven endoscope foreign matter scissors

Abstract

The invention discloses pneumatically-driven endoscope foreign matter scissors which comprise a cylindrical shell, a bottom plate, a guide plate, an air cylinder and scissors. The bottom plate is fixed in the cylindrical shell in the axial direction, the guide plate is fixedly assembled above the bottom plate through a spacing column, and guide grooves used for controlling the scissors to be opened and closed are symmetrically formed in the guide plate; a straight sliding groove is formed in the bottom plate in the axial direction, a lower sliding block is assembled in the straight sliding groove in a sliding mode, an upper sliding block is assembled on the lower sliding block, and the scissors are assembled between the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block. Guide columns are mounted on scissor handles on two sides of the scissors and are positioned in the corresponding guide grooves; a vertical plate is fixed to the tail end of the bottom plate, the end of a cylinder body of the air cylinder is fixed in a mounting hole of the vertical plate, and the end of a piston rod of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper sliding block. According to the endoscope foreign matter scissors, the accuracy and safety of endoscope operation are improved, the application range of the endoscope foreign matter scissors in shearing operation under various endoscopes is expanded, and the endoscope foreign matter scissors have wide clinical application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices and relates to an endoscope, in particular to a pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of endoscopic technology, endoscopes are no longer limited to diagnosis, but have also become an indispensable tool in treatment. They are widely used in various treatment operations in gastroenterology and other departments. Endoscopic shearing operations are widely used in many fields such as foreign body removal, nasobiliary shearing, and removal of metal stents and hemostatic clips. For example, in the removal of foreign bodies in the esophagus or gastrointestinal tract, the endoscope grabs or shears the foreign body with forceps or clamping tools. However, existing endoscopic auxiliary tools mostly rely on traditional mechanical manual operations, which have problems such as insufficient shearing force, narrow operating space, and limited angles. Especially when facing large or hard foreign bodies (such as fish bones, metal stents, etc.), traditional tools cannot provide sufficient shearing force, and the angle and opening amplitude are often not flexibly adjusted, resulting in difficult operation and prolonged time. In addition, complex operations such as nasobiliary shearing and metal stent removal also face similar challenges. The limitations of traditional tools in accuracy and efficiency significantly affect the treatment effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors, aiming to solve the technical problem of insufficient strength and flexibility of existing tools in in vivo shearing operations.

[0004] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors, comprising: a cylindrical shell, a base plate, a guide plate, a cylinder and a pair of scissors; the base plate is axially fixed in the cylindrical shell, the guide plate is fixedly assembled on the top of the base plate through a spacer column, and the guide plate is symmetrically provided with guide grooves for controlling the opening and closing of the scissors; a straight slide groove is axially provided on the base plate, a lower slider is slidably assembled in the straight slide groove, an upper slider is assembled on the lower slider, and the scissors are assembled between the upper slider and the lower slider; guide columns are installed on the shear handles on both sides of the scissors, and the guide columns are located in the corresponding guide grooves; a vertical plate is fixed to the rear end of the base plate, the cylinder body end of the cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole of the vertical plate, and the piston rod end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper slider.

[0005] In the scheme of the present invention, the working principle of the scissors is as follows: the cylinder is actuated, the piston rod extends to drive the upper and lower sliders to move straight along the straight slide groove, causing the scissors to move in a straight line; when the guide post is located at the rear end of the guide groove, the scissors are in an open state and contracted in the cylindrical shell; when the guide post is located at the front end of the guide groove, the scissors are in a closed state and extend out of the cylindrical shell. The guide groove is composed of a straight section and an inclined section. When the guide post moves from the rear end of the guide groove to the front end, when the guide post is located in the straight section, the scissors are always in an open state (that is, in the first half of the stroke when the shearing head extends out of the cylindrical shell, the opening of the scissors remains basically unchanged or begins to close slightly, in order to be able to bite the object to be cut in the early stage), when the guide post passes through the inclined section, the distance between the guide posts on both sides is close, so that the two shear handles are constantly close, until the scissors are in a closed state, and at the same time in this process, the shearing head of the scissors extends from the opening slot of the cylindrical shell, that is, the shearing head realizes the cutting function in the process of extending.

[0006] Further preferably, the front end surface of the cylindrical shell is provided with an opening groove for the shearing head to enter and exit, and the rear end surface of the cylindrical shell is provided with a through hole for the outer sleeve to pass through.

[0007] Further preferably, the two air tubes of the cylinder are installed in an outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is connected to an external air source after passing through the biopsy channel of the endoscope.

[0008] When in use, the cylindrical shell needs to be installed in advance at the tip of the endoscope. During assembly, first insert the outer sleeve through the biopsy channel at the tip until it comes out from the opening of the forceps pipe, and then connect the two tracheas in the outer sleeve to the external source for use; then install the cylindrical shell at the tip to complete the installation of the scissors. At this time, the scissors are in a retracted state. Like the existing method of operating an endoscope, the scissors enter the designated position of the human body with the tip, the bending part and the insertion part. When the object to be sheared is found, operate the endoscope, first align the opening slot with the object, and then slightly operate the cylinder to slightly extend the scissors head out of the opening slot, so that the object to be sheared is basically located between a pair of positioning slots, and then operate the cylinder to move quickly, driving the scissors head to extend quickly and cut the object at the same time.

[0009] Further preferably, an adapter is installed at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder, and the connecting part of the adapter is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the upper slider, and a locking nut is screwed on the connecting part of the adapter to achieve a stable connection between the upper slider and the piston rod.

[0010] Further preferably, the upper and lower ends of the shear shaft of the scissors are respectively inserted into the first positioning holes of the upper slider and the lower slider; the second positioning holes of the upper slider and the lower slider are jointly equipped with positioning shafts to achieve the connection between the upper and lower sliders.

[0011] Further preferably, the guide column includes a spacer sleeve and a guide head; the spacer sleeve is installed in the driving hole of the shear handle, and the guide head is installed on the spacer sleeve and located in the guide groove.

[0012] Further preferably, one or more pairs of retaining grooves are correspondingly provided on the two cutting edges of the shearing head, so as to prevent the objects to be sheared from easily sliding out and to enable them to be sheared smoothly.

[0013] Further preferably, the guide plate is mounted on four spacer columns by countersunk screws.

[0014] Further preferably, the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole of the vertical plate by a large nut to achieve cylinder fixation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the solution of the present invention has the following advantages: First, unlike traditional endoscopic forceps, the scissors of the present invention are directly mounted on the tip of the endoscope, providing stronger shearing force and precise angle control through a pneumatic drive system.

[0016] Second, the present invention provides power through a cylinder. This design greatly increases the shear force and can easily cut off hard foreign objects such as fish bones and date pits. At the same time, it can also ensure precise operation and safety when handling hard objects such as nasobiliary ducts, metal stents and hemostatic clips.

[0017] Third, the application of pneumatic drive makes the operation simpler and more flexible, and can adapt to the needs of different angles and spaces under endoscopy, greatly improving the doctor's operating efficiency.

[0018] Fourth, the quick response of the pneumatic system enables the shearing operation to be completed quickly, avoiding repeated attempts due to insufficient force or improper operation in traditional tools.

[0019] The invention is reasonably designed. The endoscopic foreign body scissors not only improve the accuracy and safety of endoscopic operation, but also expand the application scope of the endoscopic foreign body scissors in various endoscopic shearing operations. It has wide clinical applicability and market prospects, and also has good practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 The external schematic diagram of the present invention is shown (the scissors are not extended).

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical shell when the scissors are in the retracted state.

[0024] Figure 3 express Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the split structure.

[0025] Figure 4 express Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the split structure.

[0026] Figure 5 Exploded diagram showing the scissors and slider.

[0027] Figure 6 express Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure does not include the guide plate (rear view).

[0028] Figure 7 The external schematic diagram of the present invention is shown (scissors extended).

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylindrical shell when the scissors are in the extended state.

[0030] Fig. 9 express Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure does not include the guide plate (rear view).

[0031] Fig.10 express Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure without guide plate (front view).

[0032] In the figure: 1-cylindrical shell, 2-bottom plate, 3-guide plate, 4-cylinder, 5-scissors, 6-spacer column, 7-guide groove, 8-straight slide groove, 9-lower slider, 10-upper slider, 11-guide column, 12-vertical plate, 13-trachea, 14-outer sleeve, 15-adapter, 16-locking nut, 17-guide head, 18-spacer, 19-countersunk screw, 20-large nut, 21-shear head, 22-shear handle, 23-shear shaft, 24-drive hole, 25-first positioning hole, 26-second positioning hole, 27-positioning slot, 28-opening slot.

[0033] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the existing endoscope structure is shown.

[0034] In the figure: 100-endoscope, 101-distal end portion, 102-bending portion, 103-insertion portion, 104-forceps channel opening, 105-operating portion, 106-light guide hose portion, 107-light guide plug portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] A pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors, comprising: a cylindrical housing 1, a bottom plate 2, a guide plate 3, a cylinder 4 and scissors 5. The structure of the present invention is shown in the direction of Figure 1 The left side is the front (the direction in which the scissors extend) and the right side is the back (the direction in which the outer sleeve is extended).

[0040] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the base plate 2 is axially fixed in the cylindrical shell 1, and the front end surface of the cylindrical shell 1 is provided with an open groove 28 for the scissors 21 to enter and exit, and the rear end surface of the cylindrical shell 1 is provided with a through hole for the outer sleeve to pass through. The guide plate 3 is fixedly assembled on the top of the base plate 2 by means of spacer columns 6. In this embodiment, the guide plate 3 is mounted on four spacer columns 6 by means of countersunk screws 19, and the four spacer columns 6 are fixed on the base plate 2. The guide plate 3 is symmetrically provided with guide grooves 7 for controlling the opening and closing of the scissors; the base plate 2 is axially provided with a straight slide groove 8, and a lower slider 9 is slidably assembled in the straight slide groove 8, and an upper slider 10 is assembled on the lower slider 9. The scissors 5 are assembled between the upper slider 10 and the lower slider 9, from Figure 5It can be seen that the rear parts of the upper slider 10 and the lower slider 9 fit together, and a space for placing the scissors 5 is formed between the front and middle parts. The upper and lower ends of the shear shaft 23 of the scissors 5 are respectively inserted into the first positioning holes 25 of the upper slider 10 and the lower slider 9 through interference fit (or clearance fit). The second positioning holes 26 of the upper slider 10 and the lower slider 9 are jointly equipped with positioning shafts (not shown in the figure) so that the upper and lower sliders can drive the scissors 5 to move linearly. Guide posts 11 are installed on the shear handles 22 on both sides of the scissors 5. The guide posts 11 are located in the corresponding guide grooves 7, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the guide post 11 includes a spacer sleeve 18 and a guide head 17. The spacer sleeve 18 is installed in the driving hole 24 of the scissors handle 22. There can be multiple driving holes for adjusting the opening and closing size of the scissors. The guide head 17 is installed on the spacer sleeve 18 and is located in the guide groove 7. Figure 2 As shown, the guide post 11 is located at the rear end of the guide groove 7, and the scissors 5 are in an open state and retracted in the cylindrical housing 1 (they will not scratch the patient when entering the body); Figure 8 As shown, the guide post 11 is located at the front end of the guide groove 7 at this time, and the scissors 5 are in a closed state and extend out of the cylindrical shell 1; the guide groove 7 is composed of a straight section and an inclined section. In the process of the guide post 11 moving from the rear end to the front end of the guide groove 7, when the guide post 11 is located in the straight section, the scissors are always in an open state. When the guide post 11 passes through the inclined section, the two shear handles 22 are continuously approached (rotated around the shear axis 23) until the cutting edge of the shear head 21 is in a closed state. At the same time, in this process, the shear head 21 of the scissors 5 extends from the opening groove 28 of the cylindrical shell 1, that is, the shear head realizes the cutting function in the process of extending; a pair or more pairs of positioning grooves 27 are correspondingly provided on the two cutting edges of the shear head 21, which are used to prevent the cut object from easily sliding out and can be cut smoothly. A vertical plate 12 is fixed to the rear end of the bottom plate 2, and the cylinder end of the cylinder 4 is fixed in the mounting hole of the vertical plate 12, that is, a step and a threaded section are provided at the front of the cylinder. After the step of the cylinder is against the vertical plate 12, the cylinder 4 is fixed in the mounting hole of the vertical plate 12 by screwing the large nut 20 against the side of the vertical plate 12. An adapter 15 is installed at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 4, and the connecting part (with a threaded section) of the adapter 15 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the upper slider 10. A locking nut 16 is screwed on the connecting part of the adapter 15, and a stable connection is achieved by screwing the locking nut 16. The two air pipes 13 of the cylinder 4 are installed in the outer sleeve 14, and the outer sleeve 14 is connected to the external air source after passing through the biopsy channel of the endoscope.

[0041] like Fig.11 As shown, the structure of the conventional endoscope 100 includes a distal end portion 101 , a bending portion 102 , an insertion portion 103 , a forceps channel opening 104 , an operating portion 105 , a light guide hose portion 106 , and a light guide plug portion 107 .

[0042] When in use, the cylindrical shell 1 needs to be installed in advance on the tip 101 of the endoscope 100. Specifically, various methods such as threaded connection or adhesive connection can be used, which belong to the prior art and will not be repeated here. For example, an external thread is directly provided at the tip 101 or a joint with an external thread is first installed, and then a ring convex is provided at the tail of the cylindrical shell 1, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the ring convex, so that the cylindrical shell can be installed on the tip by threaded connection. Moreover, the diameter of the cylindrical shell 1 can be larger than the diameter of the tip. For example, under normal circumstances, the diameter of ordinary gastroscopes and colonoscopes is about 1-1.5cm, so the diameter (outer diameter) of the cylindrical shell 1 can be set to about 1.5-2.5cm, so the opening angle (opening size) of the scissors can meet the actual requirements. During assembly, firstly, the outer sleeve 14 is inserted into the biopsy channel of the tip 101 until it is passed out from the forceps pipeline opening 104, and then the two tracheas in the outer sleeve 14 are connected to the external origin for standby use; then the cylindrical shell 1 is installed on the tip 101 to complete the installation of the scissors. At this time, the scissors 5 are in a retracted state. The scissors enter the designated position of the human body with the tip 101, the curved part 102 and the insertion part 103 in the same way as the existing method of operating the endoscope. When the object to be sheared is found, the endoscope is operated to first align the opening slot 28 with the object, and then the cylinder 4 is slightly operated to move, and the shear head 21 is first slightly extended from the opening slot 28, so that the object is basically located between a pair of positioning slots 27, and then the cylinder 4 is operated to move quickly, and the shear head 21 is driven to extend quickly and cut the object at the same time. If the shear head extends too slowly, the object is easy to slip out of the cutting edge of the shear head, so the pneumatic action can be used to achieve the rapid action of the shear head, which greatly improves the success rate of shearing.

[0043] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Although detailed descriptions are given with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors, comprising: A cylindrical shell (1), a bottom plate (2), a guide plate (3), a cylinder (4) and a pair of scissors (5); characterized in that: the bottom plate (2) is fixed in the cylindrical shell (1) along the axial direction, the guide plate (3) is fixedly assembled on the top of the bottom plate (2) through a spacer column (6), and the guide plate (3) is symmetrically provided with guide grooves (7) for controlling the opening and closing of the scissors; the bottom plate (2) is axially provided with a straight slide groove (8), and a lower slide block (9) is slidably assembled in the straight slide groove (8), and the An upper slider (10) is mounted on the lower slider (9), and the scissors (5) are mounted between the upper slider (10) and the lower slider (9); guide posts (11) are mounted on the shear handles (22) on both sides of the scissors (5), and the guide posts (11) are located in corresponding guide grooves (7); a vertical plate (12) is fixed to the rear end of the bottom plate (2), the cylinder end of the cylinder (4) is fixed in the mounting hole of the vertical plate (12), and the piston rod end of the cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the upper slider (10).

2. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two air tubes (13) of the air cylinder (4) are installed in an outer sleeve (14), and the outer sleeve (14) is connected to an external air source after passing through the biopsy channel of the endoscope (100).

3. A pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An adapter (15) is installed at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder (4), and the connecting portion of the adapter (15) is connected to the threaded hole of the upper slider (10) through a thread, and a locking nut (16) is screwed onto the connecting portion of the adapter (15).

4. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the shear shaft (23) of the scissors (5) are respectively inserted into the first positioning holes (25) of the upper slider (10) and the lower slider (9); and the second positioning holes (26) of the upper slider (10) and the lower slider (9) are jointly equipped with positioning shafts.

5. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide column (11) comprises a spacer sleeve (18) and a guide head (17); the spacer sleeve (18) is installed in a driving hole (24) of a shear handle (22), and the guide head (17) is installed on the spacer sleeve (18) and is located in the guide groove (7).

6. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 5, characterized in that: One or more pairs of positioning grooves (27) are correspondingly provided on the two cutting edges of the shearing head (21).

7. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide plate (3) is mounted on four spacer columns (6) via countersunk screws (19).

8. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front end surface of the cylindrical shell (1) is provided with an opening groove (28) for the shear head (21) to enter and exit, and the rear end surface of the cylindrical shell (1) is provided with a through hole for the outer sleeve to pass through.

9. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cylinder body of the cylinder (4) is fixed in the mounting hole of the vertical plate (12) via a large nut (20).

10. The pneumatically driven endoscopic foreign body scissors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the cylindrical shell (1) is 1.5-2.5 cm.

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