Methanol synthesis reactor with catalyst convenient to replace and use method of methanol synthesis reactor

Abstract

The methanol synthesis reactor comprises a reactor shell, the interior of the reactor shell is connected with an upper end sealing plate and a lower end sealing plate, and the interior of the reactor shell is sequentially divided into a gas buffering section, a synthesis reaction section and a bottom area from top to bottom through the upper end sealing plate and the lower end sealing plate; and the reactor shell is provided with a catalyst feeding pipe in the gas buffer area, is provided with a catalyst filling pipe in the synthetic reaction section, and is provided with a catalyst discharging pipe in the bottom area. According to the methanol synthesis reactor, the catalyst feed pipe and the catalyst discharge pipe are arranged, so that a catalyst loop is formed in the methanol synthesis reactor, the replacement of a catalyst is facilitated, the workload of dismounting a top flange and a bottom flange of the reactor shell is reduced, and the replacement efficiency of the catalyst is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of methanol synthesis reactors, and in particular to a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement and a method for using the reactor. Background Art

[0002] Methanol, as a basic organic chemical raw material, is widely used in the fields of chemical industry, medicine, agriculture, etc. It is also a convenient energy storage carrier for transportation. In 2021, my country's total methanol production was 67.28 million tons, and its import volume was 11.198 million tons. Its methanol production accounted for about 60% of the world's total methanol production, making it a traditional methanol production and consumption powerhouse. The development of methanol fuel can reduce the dependence of oil and natural gas on imports and effectively ensure national energy security.

[0003] At present, conventional methanol synthesis reactors are three-stage structures, with the top being the synthesis gas feed zone, the longer middle section being the reaction synthesis gas, the bottom being the product discharge zone, and the middle section being evenly arranged with reaction tubes, which are filled with the catalyst required for the reaction. In view of the above structure, catalyst replacement often requires the removal of the high-pressure flanges at the top and bottom of the reactor, which are difficult to install and remove. For some reactors with limited operating space, a crane is required to lift the reactor before the catalyst replacement operation can be performed. The entire process consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, and has a high safety risk, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement and a method of using the same, aiming to solve the above problems.

[0005] A methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement comprises a reactor shell, a top flange installed on the top of the reactor shell, a bottom flange installed on the bottom of the reactor shell, and a waste barrel for receiving the catalyst, wherein an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate are connected to the inside of the reactor shell, and the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate divide the inside of the reactor shell into a gas buffer section, a synthesis reaction section and a bottom area from top to bottom, and the bottom area is divided into a supporting filler section and a product section from top to bottom, and an air inlet pipe, a catalyst feed pipe and a catalyst height measuring pipe are installed in the gas buffer area of ​​the reactor shell, a raw gas inlet port is opened at one end of the air inlet pipe extending out of the reactor shell, a component analyzer, an air inlet tee and an air inlet stop valve are installed on the air inlet pipe, a purge gas inlet port is arranged on the air inlet tee, and a catalyst net bag is arranged on the port of the catalyst feed pipe inside the reactor The catalyst height measuring tube is equipped with an infrared measuring device in the reactor shell. The reactor shell is equipped with a catalyst filling tube, a filling tube limiting plate for limiting the catalyst filling tube, and a limiting plate bracket for supporting the filling tube limiting plate in the synthesis reaction section. The two ends of the catalyst filling tube pass through the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate respectively. The reactor shell is equipped with a catalyst discharge pipe, a product lead-out pipe and a temperature measuring tube in the bottom area. One end of the temperature measuring tube extends into the synthesis reaction section, one end of the catalyst discharge pipe and one end of the product lead-out pipe both extend out of the reactor shell, and a connecting flange is provided at one end of the catalyst discharge pipe extending out of the reactor shell. The waste barrel is connected to a catalyst disassembly pipe and a waste barrel breathing pipe. The catalyst discharge pipe is connected to the catalyst disassembly pipe, and one end of the catalyst discharge pipe inside the reactor shell is connected to a catalyst lower net bag.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, a catalyst loop is formed in the methanol synthesis reactor through the arrangement of a catalyst feed pipe and a catalyst discharge pipe, thereby facilitating the replacement of the catalyst, reducing the workload of disassembling the top flange and the bottom flange of the reactor shell, and improving the efficiency of catalyst replacement.

[0007] Optionally, the catalyst upper net bag and the catalyst lower net bag are both made of stainless steel wire mesh with a smaller caliber, and the circumferences of the catalyst upper net bag and the catalyst lower net bag are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the reactor shell.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the gas can pass through the mesh bag on the catalyst and enter the lower filling tube, while the catalyst and filler cannot enter the upper gas buffer section through the mesh bag on the catalyst. The mesh bag below the catalyst can allow the unreacted raw gas and reaction products to enter the product section through the lower mesh bag, while the catalyst cannot enter the product section through the lower mesh bag.

[0009] Optionally, the infrared measuring device comprises a shell, in which an infrared generator, a receiver and a sensor are installed.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, during the catalyst loading process, the loading height of the catalyst and the catalyst support material is monitored in real time by an infrared sensor, thereby improving the accuracy of the catalyst loading amount and loading position and improving the synthesis reaction effect.

[0011] Optionally, one end of the catalyst height measuring tube is bent vertically, and an infrared reflector for changing the infrared path is provided at the right-angle elbow of the catalyst height measuring tube.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, an infrared reflector is provided at the right-angle elbow of the measuring tube to change the infrared path. The infrared rays entering the measuring tube horizontally can be reflected by the infrared reflector and then vertically enter the catalyst filling tube.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the air inlet pipe inside the reactor shell is closed and a plurality of openings of equal size are evenly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the end.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the reaction gas can be discharged evenly, reducing the impact of high-pressure gas on the reactor shell.

[0015] Optionally, a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet are provided on the reactor shell, a cavity exists between the catalyst filling tube and the inner wall of the reactor shell, and the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet are both connected to the cavity.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, there is a cavity between the catalyst filling tube of the synthesis reaction section and the inner wall of the reactor. After the cooling medium enters the cavity through the cooling medium inlet, it is discharged through the cooling medium outlet to form a cooling loop, thereby taking away the reaction heat of the synthesis reaction process.

[0017] Optionally, a component analyzer is installed on the product outlet pipe.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the component analyzer can detect the components of the output product.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a catalyst barrel and a catalyst loading pipe connected to the catalyst barrel, the catalyst loading pipe is connected to the catalyst feed pipe, the catalyst loading pipe is sequentially installed with a catalyst feed regulating valve and a catalyst feed pump from top to bottom, the catalyst barrel is connected to a breathing tube, and the catalyst barrel is provided with a catalyst feed port.

[0020] The present application also provides a method for using a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step S1: After the product and gas in the reactor shell are replaced with nitrogen, air is slowly introduced to deactivate the catalyst, and the core temperature of the reaction synthesis section is measured by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring tube. When the core temperature remains stable, the catalyst deactivation is completed;

[0022] Step S2: close the air inlet stop valve, the product outlet pipe, the cooling medium inlet, and the front end valve of the cooling medium outlet, open the purge gas inlet, cut off the raw gas inlet, connect the catalyst discharge pipe with the catalyst removal pipe, and the catalyst removal pipe is connected to the waste barrel, which is equipped with a waste barrel breathing pipe and a waste barrel discharge port;

[0023] Step S3: high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the reactor through the purge gas inlet, so that the old catalyst and catalyst support filler in the reactor are discharged to the waste barrel through the catalyst discharge pipe and the catalyst disassembly pipe, and the mixed high-pressure nitrogen is discharged through the waste barrel breathing pipe to maintain the air pressure balance, ensure the smooth catalytic and discharge, and monitor the filler height in the filler pipe in real time through the infrared measuring device during the discharge process;

[0024] Step S4: when the measured filling height in the filling pipe is zero, the discharge is completed, the connection between the catalyst discharge pipe and the catalyst removal pipe is disconnected, the catalyst discharge pipe is sealed with a blind plate, and the catalyst removal is completed;

[0025] Step S5: connecting the catalyst feed pipe to the catalyst loading pipe, which is connected to the catalyst barrel, and installing a catalyst feed pump and a catalyst feed regulating valve on the catalyst loading pipe, wherein the catalyst feed pump pumps the catalyst, and the catalyst feed regulating valve regulates the feed amount of the catalyst;

[0026] Step S6: loading catalyst support filler into the reactor through a catalyst feed pump, and after the infrared measuring device measures that the support filler reaches 1 / 3 of the height of the catalyst filling tube, loading catalyst into the reactor through a catalyst feed pump, and after the infrared measuring device measures that the catalyst reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the catalyst filling tube, loading catalyst support filler into the reactor again through a catalyst feed pump, and after the infrared measuring device measures that the filler fills the filling tube, stopping feeding;

[0027] Step S7: disconnect the catalyst feed pipe from the catalyst loading pipe, seal the catalyst feed pipe and the catalyst height measuring pipe with a flange blind plate, cut off the purge gas inlet, open the raw gas inlet, open the air inlet stop valve, fill the reactor with nitrogen containing a certain proportion of hydrogen, and reduce the catalyst. When the core temperature of the synthesis reaction section measured by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring tube remains stable and no liquid is discharged from the product lead-out pipe, the reduction is completed and the catalyst replacement is completed.

[0028] Optionally, when there is a feeding sound in the waste barrel during the catalyst replacement process and the measured value of the infrared measuring device remains unchanged, deionized water is added to the reactor through the catalyst feed pipe for multiple flushings; when the measured value of the infrared measuring device changes, nitrogen is introduced again for repeated purging to blow away all the moisture.

[0029] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. By setting up the catalyst feed pipe and the catalyst discharge pipe, a catalyst loop is formed in the methanol synthesis reactor, which facilitates the replacement of the catalyst, reduces the workload of disassembling the high-pressure flanges at the top and bottom of the reactor, and improves the efficiency of catalyst replacement.

[0031] 2. The gas can pass through the mesh bag on the catalyst and enter the lower filler pipe, while the catalyst and filler cannot pass through the mesh bag on the catalyst and enter the upper gas buffer section. The mesh bag under the catalyst allows the unreacted raw gas and reaction products to pass through the lower mesh bag and enter the product section, while the catalyst cannot pass through the lower mesh bag and enter the product section.

[0032] 3. During the catalyst loading process, the loading height of the catalyst and the catalyst support material is monitored in real time by infrared sensors, which improves the accuracy of the catalyst loading amount and loading position and improves the synthesis reaction effect.

[0033] 4. There is a cavity between the catalyst filling tube and the inner wall of the reactor in the synthesis reaction section. After the cooling medium enters the cavity through the cooling medium inlet, it is discharged through the cooling medium outlet to form a cooling loop, thereby taking away the reaction heat of the synthesis reaction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of replacing the catalyst in the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state of filling a new catalyst in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Top flange; 2. Air inlet pipe; 3. Catalyst mesh bag; 4. Infrared reflector; 5. Infrared measuring device; 6. Catalyst height measuring tube; 7. Stop plate bracket; 8. Catalyst filling tube; 9. Reactor shell; 10. Cooling medium inlet; 11. Lower sealing plate; 12. Support filling section; 13. Product section; 14. Product outlet pipe; 15. Catalyst discharge pipe; 16. Connecting flange; 17. Catalyst mesh bag; 18. Temperature measuring tube; 19. Filling tube stop plate; 20. Cooling medium outlet; 21. Upper sealing plate; 22. Gas buffer Punch section; 23. Catalyst feed pipe; 24. Bottom flange; 25. Synthesis reaction section; 26. Inlet stop valve; 27. Inlet tee; 28. Purge gas inlet; 29. ​​Raw gas inlet; 30. Component analyzer; 201. Gas outlet; 301. Catalyst disassembly pipe; 302. Waste barrel; 303. Waste barrel breathing pipe; 304. Waste barrel discharge port; 401. Catalyst feed regulating valve; 402. Catalyst feed pump; 403. Catalyst filling pipe; 404. Catalyst feed port; 405. Catalyst barrel; 406. Catalyst barrel breathing pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0041] The present application embodiment discloses a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement. Figure 1 , including a reactor shell 9, a top flange 1 installed on the top of the reactor shell 9, a bottom flange 24 installed on the bottom of the reactor shell 9, and a waste barrel 302 for receiving the catalyst.

[0042] Reference Figure 1An upper sealing plate 21 and a lower sealing plate 11 are connected to the interior of the reactor shell 9. The upper sealing plate 21 and the lower sealing plate 11 divide the interior of the reactor shell 9 into a gas buffer section 22, a synthesis reaction section 25 and a bottom area from top to bottom. The bottom area is divided into a supporting filler section 12 and a product section 13 from top to bottom. An air inlet pipe 2, a catalyst feed pipe 23 and a catalyst height measuring tube 6 are installed in the gas buffer zone of the reactor shell 9. A raw gas inlet port 29 is opened at one end of the air inlet pipe 2 extending out of the reactor shell 9. A component analyzer 30, an air inlet tee 27 and an air inlet stop valve 26 are installed on the air inlet pipe 2. A purge gas inlet port 28 is provided on the air inlet tee 27. A catalyst mesh bag 3 is provided at the port of the catalyst feed pipe 23 inside the reactor shell 9. An infrared measuring device 5 is installed in the catalyst height measuring tube 6 in the reactor shell 9. A catalyst filling tube 8, a filling tube limiting plate 19 for limiting the catalyst filling tube 8 and a limiting plate bracket 7 for supporting the filling tube limiting plate 19 are installed in the synthesis reaction section 25 of the reactor shell 9. The two ends of the catalyst filling pipe 8 respectively penetrate the upper sealing plate 21 and the lower sealing plate 11. The reactor shell 9 is equipped with a catalyst discharge pipe 15, a product outlet pipe 14 and a temperature measuring pipe 18 in the bottom area. One end of the temperature measuring pipe 18 extends into the synthesis reaction section 25. One end of the catalyst discharge pipe 15 and one end of the product outlet pipe 14 both extend out of the reactor shell 9. The end of the catalyst discharge pipe 15 extending out of the reactor shell 9 is provided with a connecting flange 16. The waste barrel 302 is connected with a catalyst removal pipe 301 and a waste barrel 302 breathing pipe. The catalyst discharge pipe 15 is connected to the catalyst removal pipe 301. One end of the catalyst discharge pipe 15 inside the reactor shell 9 is connected with a catalyst lower net bag 17. Through the arrangement of the catalyst feed pipe 23 and the catalyst discharge pipe 15, a catalyst loop is formed in the methanol synthesis reactor, which facilitates the replacement of the catalyst, reduces the workload of disassembling the top flange 1 and the bottom flange 24 of the reactor shell 9, and improves the catalyst replacement efficiency.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 The catalyst upper mesh bag 3 and the catalyst lower mesh bag 17 are both made of stainless steel wire mesh with a smaller diameter, and the circumferences of the catalyst upper mesh bag 3 and the catalyst lower mesh bag 17 are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the reactor shell 9. The gas can pass through the catalyst upper mesh bag 3 to enter the lower filling pipe, while the catalyst and the filling cannot pass through the catalyst upper mesh bag 3 to enter the upper gas buffer section 22. The catalyst lower mesh bag 17 can allow the unreacted raw gas and reaction products to pass through the lower mesh bag to enter the product section 13, while the catalyst cannot pass through the lower mesh bag to enter the product section 13.

[0044] Reference Figure 2The infrared measuring device 5 includes a shell connected to the catalyst height measuring tube, and an infrared generator, a receiver and a sensor are installed in the shell. During the catalyst loading process, the loading height of the catalyst and the catalyst supporting material is monitored in real time by the sensor, which improves the accuracy of the catalyst loading amount and loading position, and improves the synthesis reaction effect. One end of the catalyst height measuring tube 6 is vertically bent, and an infrared reflector 4 for changing the infrared path is provided at the right angle elbow of the catalyst height measuring tube 6. An infrared reflector 4 is provided at the right angle elbow of the measuring tube to change the infrared path. The infrared rays entering the measuring tube horizontally can be reflected by the infrared reflector 4 and then vertically incident on the catalyst filling tube 8.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 One end of the inlet pipe 2 inside the reactor shell 9 is closed and a number of openings of equal size are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the end, so that the reaction gas can be evenly discharged and the impact of the high-pressure gas on the reactor shell 9 can be reduced.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cooling medium inlet 10 and a cooling medium outlet 20 are provided on the reactor shell 9. There is a cavity between the catalyst filling tube 8 and the inner wall of the reactor shell 9. The cooling medium inlet 10 and the cooling medium outlet 20 are both connected to the cavity. There is a cavity between the catalyst filling tube 8 of the synthesis reaction section 25 and the inner wall of the reactor. After the cooling medium enters the cavity through the cooling medium inlet 10, it is discharged through the cooling medium outlet 20 to form a cooling loop, thereby taking away the reaction heat of the synthesis reaction process.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 A component analyzer 30 is installed on the product outlet pipe 14, and the component analyzer 30 can detect the components of the output product.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 The reactor further includes a catalyst barrel 405 and a catalyst loading pipe 403 connected to the catalyst barrel 405. The catalyst loading pipe 403 is connected to the catalyst feeding pipe 23. The catalyst loading pipe 403 is sequentially installed with a catalyst feeding regulating valve 401 and a catalyst feeding pump 402 from top to bottom. A breathing tube is connected to the catalyst barrel 405, and a catalyst feeding port 404 is provided on the catalyst barrel 405. The catalyst feeding pump 402 pumps the catalyst, and the catalyst feeding regulating valve 401 adjusts the feed amount of the catalyst.

[0049] The present application also provides a method for using a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step S1: After the product and gas in the reactor housing 9 are replaced with nitrogen, air is slowly introduced to deactivate the catalyst, and the core temperature of the synthesis reaction section 25 is measured by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring tube 18. When the core temperature remains stable, the catalyst deactivation is completed;

[0051] Step S2: close the air intake stop valve 26, the product outlet pipe 14, the cooling medium inlet 10, and the front end valves of the cooling medium outlet 20, open the purge gas inlet 28, cut off the raw gas inlet 29, connect the catalyst discharge pipe with the catalyst removal pipe 301, and the catalyst removal pipe 301 is connected to the waste barrel 302, and the waste barrel 302 is equipped with a waste barrel breathing pipe 303 and a waste barrel discharge port 304;

[0052] Step S3: high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the reactor through the purge gas inlet 28, so that the old catalyst and catalyst support filler in the reactor are discharged to the waste barrel 302 through the catalyst discharge pipe 15 and the catalyst disassembly pipe 301, and the mixed high-pressure nitrogen is discharged through the waste barrel breathing pipe 303 to maintain the air pressure balance, ensure the smooth catalytic and discharge of materials, and monitor the filler height in the filler pipe in real time through the infrared measuring device 5 during the discharge process;

[0053] Step S4: when the measured filling height in the filling pipe is zero, the discharge is completed, the connection between the catalyst discharge pipe 15 and the catalyst removal pipe 301 is disconnected, the catalyst discharge pipe 15 is blocked with a blind plate, and the catalyst removal is completed;

[0054] Step S5: connecting the catalyst feed pipe 23 to the catalyst loading pipe 403, the catalyst loading pipe 403 is connected to the catalyst barrel 405, and the catalyst loading pipe 403 is installed with a catalyst feed pump 402 and a catalyst feed regulating valve 401, the catalyst feed pump 402 pumps the catalyst, and the catalyst feed regulating valve 401 regulates the feed amount of the catalyst;

[0055] Step S6: loading catalyst support filler into the reactor through the catalyst feed pump 402. After the infrared measuring device 5 measures that the support filler reaches the height of the catalyst filling tube 81 / 3, loading the catalyst into the reactor through the catalyst feed pump 402. After the infrared measuring device 5 measures that the catalyst reaches the height of the catalyst filling tube 82 / 3, loading the catalyst support filler into the reactor again through the catalyst feed pump 402. After the infrared measuring device 5 measures that the filler fills the filling tube, stopping the feeding;

[0056] Step S7: disconnect the catalyst feed pipe 23 from the catalyst loading pipe 403, seal the catalyst feed pipe 23 and the catalyst height measuring pipe 6 with a flange blind plate, cut off the purge gas inlet 28, open the raw gas inlet 29, open the air inlet stop valve 26 to fill the reactor with nitrogen containing a certain proportion of hydrogen to reduce the catalyst. When the core temperature of the synthesis reaction section 25 measured by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring tube 18 remains stable and no liquid is discharged from the product lead-out pipe 14, the reduction is completed and the catalyst replacement is completed.

[0057] There are two main states of the methanol synthesis reactor, namely the catalyst replacement state and the normal working state. The raw material conversion rate can be calculated through the analysis of the raw material gas inlet components and the product component analysis results. When the raw material conversion rate is lower than 10% of the design value, the catalyst needs to be replaced.

[0058] In normal working state, the purge gas inlet 28 is cut off, the raw gas inlet 29 is opened, the inlet stop valve 26, the product outlet pipe 14, the cooling medium inlet 10, and the front valve of the cooling medium outlet 20 are opened, and the raw gas enters the gas buffer through the inlet pipe 2 and then enters the catalyst packing pipe 8 for reaction, and the cooling medium enters through the cooling medium inlet 10 and is discharged from the cooling medium outlet 20, taking away the reaction heat of the reaction process. The product and the residual gas after the reaction pass through the support packing section 12 and the product section 13 in turn, and then are discharged through the product outlet pipe 14.

[0059] Catalyst replacement troubleshooting: During the catalyst disassembly process, part of the catalyst is adhered to the inner wall of the catalyst filling tube 8 due to long-term use, so that the catalyst height measured by the infrared measuring device 5 deviates from the actual height. When there is a feeding sound in the waste barrel 302 during the disassembly process and the measured value of the infrared measuring device 5 remains unchanged, it means that there is a problem of catalyst adhesion to the wall. The processing method is: when there is no more feeding sound in the waste barrel 302, close the air inlet stop valve 26, and add deionized water to the reactor through the catalyst feed pipe 23 for multiple flushing. When the value measured by the infrared measuring device 5 changes, open the air inlet stop valve 26 again to pass nitrogen for repeated purging to blow away the moisture.

[0060] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reactor shell (9), a top flange (1) installed on the top of the reactor shell (9), a bottom flange (24) installed on the bottom of the reactor shell (9), and a waste barrel (302) for receiving catalysts. The reactor shell (9) is internally connected with an upper sealing plate (21) and a lower sealing plate (11). The upper sealing plate (21) and the lower sealing plate (11) divide the interior of the reactor shell (9) from top to bottom into a gas buffer section (22), a synthesis reaction section (25), and a bottom area. The bottom area is sequentially divided from top to bottom into a support filler section (12) and a product section (1 3), the reactor shell (9) is provided with an air inlet pipe (2), a catalyst feed pipe (23) and a catalyst height measuring pipe (6) in the gas buffer section (22), the air inlet pipe (2) extending out of the reactor shell (9) is provided with a raw gas inlet port (29), the air inlet pipe (2) is provided with a component analyzer (30), an air inlet tee (27) and an air inlet stop valve (26), the air inlet tee (27) is provided with a purge gas inlet port (28), the catalyst feed pipe (23) is provided with a catalyst net bag (3) at the port inside the reactor, the catalyst height measuring pipe ( 6) An infrared measuring device (5) is installed in the reactor shell (9); a catalyst filling tube (8), a filling tube limiting plate (19) for limiting the position of the catalyst filling tube (8), and a limiting plate bracket (7) for supporting the filling tube limiting plate (19) are installed in the synthesis reaction section (25) of the reactor shell (9); both ends of the catalyst filling tube (8) respectively penetrate the upper sealing plate (21) and the lower sealing plate (11); a catalyst discharge pipe (15), a product outlet pipe (14) and a temperature measuring pipe (18) are installed in the bottom area of ​​the reactor shell (9); the temperature One end of the catalyst discharge pipe (15) extends into the synthesis reaction section (25), one end of the catalyst discharge pipe (15) and one end of the product outlet pipe (14) both extend out of the reactor shell (9), a connecting flange (16) is provided at the end of the catalyst discharge pipe (15) extending out of the reactor shell (9), a catalyst removal pipe (301) and a waste barrel breathing pipe (303) are connected to the waste barrel (302), the catalyst discharge pipe (15) is connected to the catalyst removal pipe (301), and one end of the catalyst discharge pipe (15) inside the reactor shell (9) is connected to a catalyst lower net bag (17).

2. A methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst upper net bag (3) and the catalyst lower net bag (17) are both made of stainless steel wire mesh with a smaller caliber. The circumferences of the catalyst upper net bag (3) and the catalyst lower net bag (17) are both welded and fixed to the inner wall of the reactor shell (9).

3. A methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared measuring device (5) comprises a shell, in which an infrared generator, a receiver and a sensor are installed.

4. A methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the catalyst height measuring tube (6) is bent vertically, and an infrared reflector (4) for changing the infrared path is provided at the right-angle elbow of the catalyst height measuring tube (6).

5. The methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the air inlet pipe (2) inside the reactor shell (9) is closed, and a plurality of openings of equal size are evenly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the end.

6. A methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor shell (9) is provided with a cooling medium inlet (10) and a cooling medium outlet (20), a cavity exists between the catalyst filling tube (8) and the inner wall of the reactor shell (9), and the cooling medium inlet (10) and the cooling medium outlet (20) are both connected to the cavity.

7. The methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A component analyzer (30) is installed on the product outlet pipe (14).

8. The methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a catalyst barrel (405) and a catalyst loading pipe (403) connected to the catalyst barrel (405), wherein the catalyst loading pipe (403) is communicated with the catalyst feed pipe (23), and the catalyst loading pipe (403) is sequentially installed with a catalyst feed regulating valve (401) and a catalyst feed pump (402) from top to bottom, and the catalyst barrel (405) is connected with a breathing tube, and the catalyst barrel (405) is provided with a catalyst feed port (404).

9. A method for using a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: After the product and gas in the reactor housing (9) are replaced with nitrogen, air is slowly introduced to deactivate the catalyst, and the core temperature of the synthesis reaction section (25) is measured by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring tube (18). When the core temperature remains stable, the catalyst deactivation is completed; Step S2: close the air intake stop valve (26), the product outlet pipe (14), the cooling medium inlet (10), and the front end valves of the cooling medium outlet (20), open the purge gas inlet (28), cut off the raw gas inlet (29), connect the catalyst discharge pipe with the catalyst removal pipe (301), and the catalyst removal pipe (301) is connected to the waste barrel (302), and the waste barrel (302) is equipped with a waste barrel breathing pipe (303) and a waste barrel discharge port (304); Step S3: high-pressure nitrogen is introduced into the reactor through the purge gas inlet (28), so that the old catalyst and catalyst support filler in the reactor are discharged to the waste barrel (302) through the catalyst discharge pipe (15) and the catalyst disassembly pipe (301), and the mixed high-pressure nitrogen is discharged through the waste barrel breathing pipe (303) to maintain air pressure balance and ensure smooth catalytic and discharge. During the discharge process, the filler height in the filler pipe is monitored in real time by the infrared measuring device (5); Step S4: when the measured filling height in the filling pipe is zero, the discharge is completed, the connection between the catalyst discharge pipe (15) and the catalyst removal pipe (301) is disconnected, the catalyst discharge pipe (15) is sealed with a blind plate, and the catalyst removal is completed; Step S5: connecting the catalyst feed pipe (23) to the catalyst loading pipe (403), the catalyst loading pipe (403) to the catalyst barrel (405), the catalyst loading pipe (403) is equipped with a catalyst feed pump (402) and a catalyst feed regulating valve (401), the catalyst feed pump (402) pumps the catalyst, and the catalyst feed regulating valve (401) regulates the feed amount of the catalyst; Step S6: loading catalyst support filler into the reactor through the catalyst feed pump (402), and after the infrared measuring device (5) measures that the support filler reaches 1 / 3 of the height of the catalyst filling tube (8), loading catalyst into the reactor through the catalyst feed pump (402), and after the infrared measuring device (5) measures that the catalyst reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the catalyst filling tube (8), loading catalyst support filler into the reactor again through the catalyst feed pump (402), and after the infrared measuring device (5) measures that the filler fills the filling tube, stopping feeding; Step S7: disconnect the catalyst feed pipe (23) from the catalyst loading pipe (403), seal the catalyst feed pipe (23) and the catalyst height measuring pipe (6) with a flange blind plate, cut off the purge gas inlet (28), open the raw gas inlet (29), open the gas inlet stop valve (26) to fill the reactor with nitrogen containing a certain proportion of hydrogen to reduce the catalyst. When the core temperature of the synthesis reaction section (25) remains stable as measured by the temperature sensor on the temperature measuring pipe (18) and no liquid is discharged from the product outlet pipe (14), the reduction is completed and the catalyst replacement is completed.

10. The method for using a methanol synthesis reactor with convenient catalyst replacement according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method also includes the step of adding deionized water to the reactor through the catalyst feed pipe (23) for multiple flushing when a feeding sound is heard in the waste barrel (302) during the catalyst replacement process and the value measured by the infrared measuring device (5) remains unchanged. When the value measured by the infrared measuring device (5) changes, nitrogen is introduced again for repeated purging to completely remove the moisture.

Images