Underground X-ray intelligent gangue selecting and pneumatic gangue conveying process and arrangement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gangue selection and transportation, in particular to an underground X-ray intelligent gangue selection and pneumatic gangue transportation process and an arrangement method. Comprising the following steps that raw coal is mined from a coal face, is firstly pre-crushed and enters a belt conveyor to be conveyed to a mining area coal bunker; the mining area coal bunker is provided with a drum screen, and raw coal with the particle size smaller than 50 mm under the screen is directly conveyed to the main shaft coal bunker through a belt conveyor and lifted to the ground from the main shaft coal bunker. The raw coal with the oversize particle size larger than 50 mm enters an X-ray intelligent gangue selecting machine, and the selected clean coal and the raw coal with the undersize particle size smaller than 50 mm are conveyed to a main shaft coal bunker together; in the backward moving process of the scraper bucket body, the conveying belt can also conduct transmission along the outer walls of the rear roller and the front roller, the position, making contact with the scraper bucket body, of the conveying belt can be kept relatively static in the transmission process of the conveying belt, and therefore friction damage between the scraper bucket body and the inner bottom wall of the material conveying channel is reduced, and the service life of the scraper bucket and the service life of the material conveying channel are prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waste rock selection and transportation, in particular to an underground X-ray intelligent waste rock selection and pneumatic waste rock transportation process and an arrangement method. Background Art

[0003] Allowing gangue to be lifted together with raw coal will not only increase energy consumption and equipment wear, but also increase production costs and reduce the actual production capacity of the mine. Accurately identifying coal and gangue underground, lifting coal and returning gangue to the goaf / tunnel can reduce energy consumption and improve productivity, and can also alleviate problems such as surface subsidence and gangue pollution. Among the existing sorting methods, the systems of heavy medium shallow trough and heavy medium cyclone method are complex and require large investment. They need to be equipped with coal slurry water treatment system and heavy medium recovery and purification system. The equipment layout and tunnel layout are complex and the investment cost is high. Moreover, water-washed coal sludge cannot be eliminated. Even if the gangue is discharged from lump coal, a coal slurry water treatment system is required. In addition, the gangue discharge capacity is limited, and the gangue content of the raw coal fed does not exceed 40%, otherwise the processing volume needs to be reduced. The dynamic screen jigging method requires water as a medium, has poor accuracy, and a complex system. The sorting efficiency is 85%~90%. When the raw coal is difficult to select, the coal in the gangue can reach 20%. The belt conveyor system is used to transport the materials back to the goaf, but the existing tunnel space is insufficient.

[0004] The scraper bucket machine is a kind of mechanical equipment for collecting and transporting ore. Its working principle is to use the power mechanism to control the scraper bucket to scrape the stone into the material transport channel, and finally pour it into the material transport vehicle below along the discharge port. After completing one scraping, the power mechanism controls the scraper bucket to move out of the material transport channel to scrape again. In order to ensure that the scraper bucket moves more smoothly in the material transport channel, the width of the material transport channel is generally slightly larger than the scraper bucket. The scraper bucket will inevitably shake during the movement along the material transport channel. In this way, the gravel in the scraper bucket will remain in the material transport channel, which will cause obstacles in the next scraping process of the scraper bucket along the material transport channel, increasing the resistance of the scraper bucket in the material transport channel; in addition, the scraper bucket is fully loaded every time it scrapes in the material transport channel. The fully loaded scraper bucket will produce greater friction with the bottom wall of the material transport channel. Long-term use will cause serious wear of the scraper bucket and the material transport channel, affecting the service life of the scraper bucket machine. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes an underground X-ray intelligent gangue selection and pneumatic gangue transportation process and layout method. The X-ray-based intelligent photoelectric sorting technology has certain advantages. It does not require water, does not require a coal slime system, has a small number of equipment, has few key connection points, and is small. It can be applied to the field of coal gangue sorting and improves the existing sorting system; it adopts pneumatic pipeline transportation, occupies a small tunnel space, less than 0.1m 2; Dust-free, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and can achieve long distance, automation, intelligence, and high efficiency; in the process of the rearward movement of the bucket body, the conveyor belt itself will also be transmitted along the outer wall of the rear roller and the front roller. During the transmission of the conveyor belt, the position where the conveyor belt and the bucket body contact will remain relatively still, thereby reducing the friction damage between the bucket body and the bottom wall of the material transport channel, and increasing the service life of the bucket and the material transport channel.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: an underground X-ray intelligent gangue selection and pneumatic gangue transportation process and arrangement method described in the present invention comprises the following steps: S1: The raw coal mined from the coal mining face is first pre-crushed and then transported to the coal bunker in the mining area by a belt conveyor. A drum screen is installed in the coal bunker in the mining area. The raw coal with a particle size of less than 50 mm is directly transported to the main shaft coal bunker by a belt conveyor and then lifted to the ground from the main shaft coal bunker. The raw coal with a particle size of more than 50 mm on the screen enters the X-ray intelligent gangue separator. The clean coal after separation is transported to the main shaft coal bunker together with the raw coal with a particle size of less than 50 mm on the screen. S2: After selection, the gangue enters the gangue silo, and is taken out from the gangue silo by a rake bucket machine, and sent to the third-stage crusher for crushing through a feeding conveyor belt. The final crushing particle size is guaranteed to be less than 5 mm; S3: Ground fly ash is transported to the underground silo through vertical material conveying, and then sent from the underground silo to the filling station for measurement together with the gangue material below 5 mm; S4: pneumatic pipeline transportation is implemented, and the materials are transported to the transfer station (the distance between transfer stations is more than 1200 m). After passing through multiple transfer stations, the materials are collected in the receiving bin, metered and slurried at the filling station, and then pumped. At the same time, the ground cement and high-strength nano-powder are transported to the underground silo, transported to the receiving bin through pneumatic pipelines, and pumped after metered and slurried at the filling station. The two pumping pipelines are mixed and sprayed into the goaf to complete the filling operation.

[0007] Preferably, the scraper machine in S2 includes a machine body and a material transport channel on the machine body; the front and rear of the machine body are connected to the scraper body through a power mechanism; the front end of the material transport channel is opened and provided with a guide plate; the rear end of the material transport channel is provided with a discharge port downward; the scraper body can enter the material transport channel along the guide plate; wheels are provided at the lower middle part of the machine body; a transmission groove is provided on the inner side of the machine body near the bottom wall of the material transport channel; the material transport channel and the transmission groove are inclined; the rear end of the transmission groove is connected to the discharge port; the rear inner wall of the transmission groove is rotatably connected to the rear roller; the front inner wall of the transmission groove is rotatably connected to the front roller; the outer walls of the front roller and the rear roller are transmission-connected to a metal conveyor belt; the inner side of the middle section of the conveyor belt is rollingly supported by a transition roller.

[0008] Preferably, hook rods are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the conveyor belt along the transmission direction; the hook rods are located in the middle position in the width direction of the conveyor belt; the hook rods on the upper surface of the conveyor belt are arranged forward away from one end of the conveyor belt; the hook rods on the lower surface of the conveyor belt are arranged backward away from one end of the conveyor belt.

[0009] Preferably, a V-shaped groove is provided at the middle of the shoveling edge of the rake bucket body; and the hook rod can be inserted into the V-shaped groove.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating groove corresponding to the hook rod is provided on the surface of the conveyor belt along the transmission direction; the rotating block is rotatably connected to the rotating block in the rotating groove by a torsion spring; the hook rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating block; the rotating groove passes through the inner and outer walls of the conveyor belt; a shift rod is provided on the inner side of the conveyor belt; the shift rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating block; the front roller and the outer wall of the middle section of the transition roller are provided with an avoidance groove; the shift rod can pass through the avoidance groove; the rear roller is composed of a rear rod, a middle disk and an end roller; the rear rod is fixedly connected to the machine body; the middle disk is fixedly connected to the middle section of the rear rod; the end roller is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rear rod; the two end rollers are located on both sides of the middle disk; the conveyor belt is driven and connected to the outer wall of the end roller; the outer wall of the middle disk is provided with an annular groove; shift strips are evenly arranged on the two groove walls of the annular groove around the center of the middle disk; the shift strips on the two groove walls of the annular groove are staggered in the circumferential direction; the shift rod can enter the annular groove and contact the shift strips.

[0011] Preferably, the shift bar is inclined toward the transmission direction in the circumferential direction of the annular groove; the shift rod is turned from top to bottom in the annular groove and passes through a plurality of shift bars.

[0012] Preferably, an extension groove is provided at one end of the hook rod away from the rotating block; the extension groove is movably connected with the extension rod; and the extension rod is connected to the bottom of the extension groove via a spring.

[0013] Preferably, the wall of the extension groove is provided with a spiral groove; a movable block is movably connected in the spiral groove; and the movable block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extension rod.

[0014] Preferably, the front end of the transmission groove contacts the outer wall of the conveyor belt; a notch for the hook rod to avoid is provided in the middle of the front end of the transmission groove; and the spacing between adjacent hook rods on the conveyor belt is adapted to the front-to-rear width of the rake bucket body in the transmission direction.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The X-ray-based intelligent photoelectric sorting technology of the present invention has certain advantages. It does not require water, does not require a coal slime system, has a small number of equipment, has few key connection points, and is small. It can be applied to the field of coal gangue sorting to improve the existing sorting system; it adopts pneumatic pipeline transportation and occupies a small tunnel space of less than 0.1m 2 ; Dust-free, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and can achieve long distance, automation, intelligence, and high efficiency.

[0016] 2. When the bucket body of the present invention moves backward, the conveyor belt itself will also be driven along the outer wall of the rear roller and the front roller. During the transmission of the conveyor belt, the position where the conveyor belt contacts the bucket body will remain relatively still, thereby reducing the friction damage between the bucket body and the bottom wall of the material transport channel and increasing the service life of the bucket and the material transport channel. In addition, when the bucket machine drives the conveyor belt to drive, the crushed materials on the conveyor belt will also be poured into the material transport vehicle during the downward flipping process around the rear roller. In this way, when the bucket body enters the material transport channel for the second time, it will contact with the crushed materials and affect its movement, thereby reducing the resistance of the bucket body entering the material transport channel for the second time, so that the bucket machine can move more smoothly in the material transport channel.

[0017] 3. Due to the restriction of the hook rod in the V-shaped groove, the present invention prevents the bucket body from moving in the width direction of the conveyor belt during the backward movement, thereby reducing the shaking of the material in the bucket body during the backward movement of the bucket body, making the material in the bucket body more stable during the backward movement, and improving the material transportation effect of the bucket body in the material transportation channel.

[0018] 4. In the process of the rake bucket body moving forward over a plurality of hook rods, the present invention generates bumps, and the residual materials in the rake bucket body flow out during the bumps, and the residual materials flowing out of the rake bucket body fall on the upper surface of the conveyor belt, thereby further unloading the rake bucket body and improving the unloading effect of the rake bucket body.

[0019] 5. In the present invention, when the lever contacts the lever on one of the groove walls of the annular groove, the lever will be pushed toward the other groove wall of the annular groove, so that the lever will swing back and forth in the width direction of the conveyor belt while moving along the annular groove. The lever will drive the rotating block to rotate back and forth in the rotating groove during the swinging process. The rotating block will drive the hook rod to swing back and forth in the width direction of the conveyor belt during the back and forth rotation. The hook rod will push the inner side of the bucket body during the swinging process, so that the material inside the bucket body can be quickly and completely discharged under the gravity and the pushing of the hook rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the arrangement of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the flow diagram of gangue and clean coal of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the use of the accessory device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the bucket rake machine of the present invention; Figure 6yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A three-dimensional image from another angle; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the bucket rake machine of the present invention; Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Fig.10 is a three-dimensional diagram of a conveyor belt in the present invention; Fig.11 is a three-dimensional diagram of the rear roller in the present invention; Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the hook rod and the extension rod in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: machine body 1, material transport channel 11, guide plate 12, discharge port 13, wheel 14, transmission groove 15, missing groove 16, power mechanism 2, bucket body 3, V-shaped groove 31, rear roller 4, rear rod 41, middle plate 42, end roller 43, annular groove 44, shift bar 45, front roller 5, avoidance groove 51, conveyor belt 6, transition roller 61, rotating groove 62, torsion spring 63, rotating block 64, shift rod 65, hook rod 7, extension groove 71, extension rod 72, spring 73, spiral groove 74, movable block 75. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention includes the following embodiments: Embodiment 1: An underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method, comprising the following steps: S1: The raw coal mined from the coal mining face is first pre-crushed and then transported to the coal bunker in the mining area by a belt conveyor. A drum screen is installed in the coal bunker in the mining area. The raw coal with a particle size of less than 50 mm is directly transported to the main shaft coal bunker by a belt conveyor and then lifted to the ground from the main shaft coal bunker. The raw coal with a particle size of more than 50 mm on the screen enters the X-ray intelligent gangue separator. The clean coal after separation is transported to the main shaft coal bunker together with the raw coal with a particle size of less than 50 mm on the screen. S2: After selection, the gangue enters the gangue silo, and is taken out from the gangue silo by a rake bucket machine, and sent to the third-stage crusher for crushing through a feeding conveyor belt. The final crushing particle size is guaranteed to be less than 5 mm; S3: Ground fly ash is transported to the underground silo through vertical material conveying, and then sent from the underground silo to the filling station for measurement together with the gangue material below 5 mm; S4: pneumatic pipeline transportation is implemented, and the materials are transported to the transfer station (the distance between transfer stations is more than 1200 m). After passing through multiple transfer stations, the materials are collected in the receiving bin, metered and slurried at the filling station, and then pumped. At the same time, the ground cement and high-strength nano-powder are transported to the underground silo, transported to the receiving bin through pneumatic pipelines, and pumped after metered and slurried at the filling station. The two pumping pipelines are mixed and sprayed into the goaf to complete the filling operation.

[0025] When in use, the main body of the X-ray intelligent gangue and gangue and fly ash mixed material pneumatic pipeline conveying device is arranged near the coal bunker in the mining area, and also includes its ancillary equipment, such as scraper bucket machine, feeding conveyor belt, roller screen and gangue bunker, and the fly ash distribution point is located on the ground near the coal bunker; the pneumatic pipeline transportation transfer station is arranged all the way along the coal transportation tunnel to the coal mining working face, and a filling station is set up next to the working face; the ground cement and high-strength nano-powder transport the materials to the filling station, and the cement and high-strength nano-powder distribution point is located on the ground near the filling station; the X-ray-based intelligent photoelectric sorting technology has certain advantages, no water, no coal slime system, a small number of equipment, few key connection points, small equipment, can be used in the field of coal gangue sorting, and improve the existing sorting system; pneumatic pipeline transportation is used, and the tunnel space occupied is small, less than 0.1m 2 ; Dust-free, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, can achieve long distance, automation, intelligence, and high efficiency; The innovative application of X-ray intelligent gangue selection and pneumatic pipeline conveying device for gangue and fly ash mixture is of great significance to the production efficiency and environmental protection of coal mines; the layout strategy of the main equipment takes into account the geographical location of the coal bunker in the mining area, ensuring close coordination with coal mining; the reasonable configuration of auxiliary equipment such as rake bucket machine, feeding conveyor belt, roller screen, etc. realizes efficient screening and sorting of materials; it is particularly worth noting that the setting of gangue bunker optimizes the storage and flow of materials, providing an important guarantee for the stable operation of the entire system; The close layout of the fly ash distribution point and the coal bunker not only saves logistics costs, but also reduces the loss of materials during transportation. In addition, the pneumatic pipeline transfer station is arranged along the main coal transportation lane, which realizes the continuous transportation of materials from the coal mining face to the filling station, ensuring the smoothness and efficiency of the production process. The transportation of ground cement and high-strength nano-powder to the filling station reflects the high efficiency and intelligence of the system in material processing and transportation; and the setting of cement and high-strength nano-powder distribution points further ensures the timely supply of filling materials and provides a material basis for the smooth progress of coal mine filling operations; The X-ray-based intelligent photoelectric sorting technology provides a new technical means for coal gangue sorting with its characteristics of no water, no need for coal slime system, small number of equipment, few key connection points, and miniaturized equipment. While improving the sorting accuracy, this technology also greatly reduces energy consumption and environmental impact, and is an important innovation in coal mine sorting technology. The application of pneumatic pipeline transportation technology gives the system a significant advantage in tunnel space occupation, with an occupied area of ​​less than 0.1 square meters, which greatly saves precious underground space resources; in addition, the technology's dust-free, energy-saving and environmentally friendly characteristics effectively support long-distance, automated, intelligent and efficient material transportation, which plays an important role in promoting the sustainable development of modern coal mine production; By completing the screening and processing of stones and coal underground, unnecessary lifting and transportation are avoided, and the energy efficiency is significantly improved; the application of this technology reduces the energy consumption of gangue transportation, reduces the pollution to the surface environment, and reduces the production cost of coal mines, reflecting the win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits; in the current global context of attaching great importance to sustainable development, the application of this technology has broad promotion prospects and important social value; The existing coal mine gangue is mined and transported to the surface for processing, and then transported down for backfilling when needed. The present application completes the screening of gangue and coal, as well as the gangue processing, underground. It does not need to be transported to the surface, but can be directly processed and backfilled underground. The present application uses pneumatic conveying to return the gangue, which saves space compared to belt conveying. There is no need to change the existing tunnel structure. The return and filling system can be directly deployed in the existing production environment, and the gangue can be directly processed and backfilled underground, reducing the useless energy consumption caused by gangue transportation, reducing surface environmental pollution, and reducing costs.

[0026] Embodiment 2: The scraper machine in S2 includes a body 1 and a material transport channel 11 on the body 1; the front and rear of the body 1 are connected to the scraper body 3 through a power mechanism 2; the front end of the material transport channel 11 is opened and provided with a guide plate 12; the rear end of the material transport channel 11 is provided with a discharge port 13 downward; the scraper body 3 can enter the material transport channel 11 along the guide plate 12; a wheel 14 is provided at the lower middle part of the body 1; a transmission groove 15 is provided on the inner side of the body 1 near the bottom wall of the material transport channel 11; the material transport channel 11 and the transmission groove 15 are inclined; the rear end of the transmission groove 15 is connected to the discharge port 13; the rear inner wall of the transmission groove 15 is rotatably connected to the rear roller 4; the front inner wall of the transmission groove 15 is rotatably connected to the front roller 5; the outer walls of the front roller 5 and the rear roller 4 are connected to the metal conveyor belt 6 by transmission; the inner side of the middle section of the conveyor belt 6 is rollingly supported by the transition roller 61.

[0027] When in use, after the staff uses the wheels 14 to transport the scraper to the position where the material needs to be scraped, after the front-end transmission assembly of the power mechanism 2 is fixed and the power mechanism 2 is connected to the scraper body 3, the staff moves the material transport vehicle to just below the discharge port 13 and starts the scraper machine. The scraper will drive the power mechanism 2 to pull the scraper body 3 to move from front to back. The scraper body 3 will scoop up and scrape the material in the backward movement process. After the scraper body 3 is filled with materials, it continues to move backward. During the backward movement of the scraper body 3, it is guided by the guide plate 12 into the material transport channel 11. As the scraper body 3 moves backward, the scraper body 3 will move to the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6. The upper surface of the conveyor belt 6 is flush with the inner bottom wall of the material transport channel 11. There is a large friction force between the scraper body 3 and the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6, so that during the backward movement of the scraper body 3, the conveyor belt 6 itself will also be driven along the outer walls of the rear roller 4 and the front roller 5. During the transmission process of the conveyor belt 6, the position where the conveyor belt 6 contacts the scraper body 3 is maintained The scraper 3 is kept relatively still, thereby reducing the friction damage between the scraper body 3 and the inner bottom wall of the material transport channel 11, and improving the service life of the scraper and the material transport channel 11; in addition, when the scraper drives the conveyor belt 6 to transmit, the crushed materials on the conveyor belt 6 will also be poured into the material transport vehicle during the downward turning process around the rear roller 4, thus avoiding the scraper body 3 from contacting with the crushed materials during the second entry into the material transport channel 11 and affecting the activity, and also reducing the resistance of the scraper body 3 to the second entry into the material transport channel 11, so that the scraper machine can move more smoothly in the material transport channel 11; as the scraper body 3 moves backward, the scraper body 3 will move around the rear roller 4, and the scraper body 3 will turn downward under the action of the arc-shaped outer wall of the rear end of the conveyor belt 6, and the material in the scraper body 3 will be poured out under the action of gravity and fall into the material transport vehicle, completing a single scraping process. After completing one scraping process, the power mechanism 2 will pull the scraper body 3 forward, and this will be repeated; in addition, since the inner middle section of the conveyor belt 6 is supported by the transition roller 61, the strength and support effect of the conveyor belt 6 are guaranteed.

[0028] Embodiment 3: The outer wall of the conveyor belt 6 is evenly provided with hook rods 7 along the transmission direction; the hook rod 7 is located in the middle position of the conveyor belt 6 in the width direction; the hook rod 7 on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6 is arranged forward at one end away from the conveyor belt 6; the hook rod 7 on the lower surface of the conveyor belt 6 is arranged backward at one end away from the conveyor belt 6.

[0029] In this embodiment, a V-shaped groove 31 is provided at the middle of the shoveling edge of the bucket body 3 ; the hook rod 7 can be inserted into the V-shaped groove 31 .

[0030] When in use, the rake bucket body 3 moves backward into the material transport channel 11 under the transmission of the power mechanism 2. As the rake bucket body 3 moves to the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6, the rake bucket body 3 drives the V-shaped groove 31 to approach the corresponding hook rod 7 until the hook rod 7 is located at the deepest part of the V-shaped groove 31, and the rake bucket body 3 is stuck. As the rake bucket body 3 continues to move backward, the rake bucket body 3 drives the hook rod 7 in the V-shaped groove 31 to move backward. During the backward movement of the hook rod 7, the entire conveyor belt 6 is driven. During the backward movement of the rake bucket body 3 with the transmission of the conveyor belt 6, due to the V-shaped groove 31, the The hook rod 7 is restricted so that the rake bucket body 3 will not move in the width direction of the conveyor belt 6 during the backward movement, thereby reducing the shaking of the material in the rake bucket body 3 during the backward movement of the rake bucket body 3, so that the material in the rake bucket body 3 can be more stable during the backward movement, and the material transportation effect of the rake bucket body 3 in the material transportation channel 11 is improved; after the rake bucket body 3 moves to the vicinity of the discharge port 13, the rake bucket body 3 will pour the material into the material transportation vehicle below, and then the power mechanism 2 will pull the rake bucket mechanism to move backward, and the V-shaped groove 31 will be made during the backward movement of the rake bucket body 3 The hook rods 7 on the front side of the rake bucket body 3 are separated from the corresponding hook rods 7, and the hook rods 7 on the front side of the rake bucket body 3 are bent toward the front side, so that the rake bucket body 3 can smoothly pass over multiple hook rods 7. Since the transmission of the conveyor belt 6 itself needs to overcome a certain resistance, the hook rods 7 cannot be hooked during the forward movement of the rake bucket body 3. In this way, the conveyor belt 6 will not be reversely transmitted during the forward movement of the rake bucket body 3. It is worth noting that since the rake bucket body 3 moves forward without load, the wear caused by the friction between the rake bucket body 3 and the conveyor belt 6 is relatively small. In addition, bumps will be formed during the forward movement of the rake bucket body 3 over multiple hook rods 7. The residual material in the rake bucket body 3 flows out during the bumpy process, and the residual material flowing out of the rake bucket body 3 will fall on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6, thereby further unloading the rake bucket body 3 and improving the unloading effect of the rake bucket body 3; as the rake bucket body 3 moves backward to the limit position and starts to move forward to dig materials, the rake bucket body 3 will enter the material transport channel 11 and hook the corresponding hook rod 7 again, so that the conveyor belt 6 is transmitted again, and the broken materials remaining on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6 and falling from the rake bucket body 3 will fall from the discharge port 13 in turn with the transmission of the conveyor belt 6 and enter the material transport vehicle.

[0031] Embodiment 4: The surface of the conveyor belt 6 is provided with a rotation groove 62 corresponding to the hook rod 7 along the transmission direction; the rotation groove 62 is rotatably connected to the rotating block 64 through a torsion spring 63; the hook rod 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating block 64; the rotation groove 62 passes through the inner and outer walls of the conveyor belt 6; a shifting rod 65 is provided on the inner side of the conveyor belt 6; the shifting rod 65 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating block 64; the outer wall of the middle section of the front roller 5 and the transition roller 61 is provided with an avoidance groove 51; the shifting rod 65 can pass through the avoidance groove 51; the rear roller 4 is composed of a rear rod 41, a middle plate 42 and an end roller 43 ; The rear rod 41 is fixedly connected to the machine body 1; the middle plate 42 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the rear rod 41; the end rollers 43 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rear rod 41; the two end rollers 43 are located on both sides of the middle plate 42; the conveyor belt 6 is transmission-connected to the outer walls of the end rollers 43; an annular groove 44 is provided on the outer wall of the middle plate 42; strips 45 are evenly arranged on the two groove walls of the annular groove 44 around the center of the middle plate 42; the strips 45 on the two groove walls of the annular groove 44 are staggered in the circumferential direction; the stripping rod 65 can enter the annular groove 44 and contact with the strip 45.

[0032] In this embodiment, the shifting bars 45 are inclined toward the transmission direction in the circumferential direction of the annular groove 44 ; the shifting rod 65 is turned from top to bottom in the annular groove 44 and passes through a plurality of shifting bars 45 .

[0033] In this embodiment, an extension slot 71 is provided at one end of the hook rod 7 away from the rotating block 64 ; an extension rod 72 is movably connected in the extension slot 71 ; and the extension rod 72 is connected to the bottom of the extension slot 71 via a spring 73 .

[0034] When in use, the rake bucket body 3 moves backward into the material transport channel 11 as the power mechanism 2 pulls, the rake bucket body 3 will move into the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6, the rake bucket body 3 will approach the corresponding hook rod 7, the hook rod 7 will enter the V-shaped groove 31 along with the rake bucket body 3, and the extension rod 72 at one end of the hook rod 7 away from the rotating block 64 is squeezed by the material in the rake bucket body 3 and overcomes the spring 73 to retract into the extension groove 71, as the rake bucket body 3 continues to move backward, the conveyor belt 6 will be driven along with the backward movement of the rake bucket body 3, the conveyor belt 6 will be driven on the end roller 43 and the outer wall of the front roller 5, the conveyor belt 6 will drive multiple rotating blocks 64, the lever 65 and the hook rod 65 When the rod 7 moves, the rotating block 64 will drive the lever 65 to pass through the avoidance groove 51 on the front roller 5 and the transition roller 61. The avoidance groove 51 is set so that the lever 65 will not be moved. After the lever 65 enters the annular groove 44 on the outer wall of the rear roller 4, the rake bucket body 3 moves around the rear roller 4 and starts to flip downward. During the process of the rake bucket body 3 flipping from top to bottom to unload, the lever 65 will move along the annular groove 44, and the lever 65 will contact the lever strips 45 on the two groove walls of the annular groove 44. The lever strips 45 on the two groove walls of the annular groove 44 are staggered in the circumferential direction, so that the lever 65 will contact the lever strips 45 on the two groove walls of the annular groove 44 during the movement along the annular groove 44. The levers 45 on the two groove walls of the annular groove 44 contact back and forth. When the lever 65 contacts the lever 45 on one of the groove walls of the annular groove 44, the lever 65 is pushed toward the other groove wall of the annular groove 44. In this way, the lever 65 swings back and forth in the width direction of the conveyor belt 6 during the movement along the annular groove 44. The lever 65 swings back and forth, driving the rotating block 64 to rotate back and forth in the rotating groove 62. The rotating block 64 rotates back and forth, driving the hook rod 7 to swing back and forth in the width direction of the conveyor belt 6. The hook rod 7 swings back and forth, and the inner side of the rake bucket body 3 is pushed, so that the inner side of the rake bucket body 3 The materials can be discharged quickly and thoroughly under the force of gravity and the movement of the hook rod 7. In addition, in order to improve the movement effect of the hook rod 7 on the materials inside the rake bucket body 3, an extension rod 72 is provided at the end of the hook rod 7 away from the rotating block 64. The extension rod 72 extends along the extension groove 71 after most of the materials inside the rake bucket body 3 are discharged. The spring 73 acts as a thrust for the extension rod 72 to extend out of the extension groove 71, so that the extension rod 72 further extends to the inside of the rake bucket body 3, so that the residual materials inside the rake bucket body 3 can also be moved by the hook rod 7, thereby improving the thoroughness of the materials inside the rake bucket body 3. The unloading effect is further improved; After the rake bucket body 3 completes the unloading of the material, the power mechanism 2 will drive the rake bucket body 3 to move forward, and the direction in which the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6 moves backward is the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 6. Since the shift bar 45 is facing the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 6 in the annular groove 44, the shift rod 65 can only move along the annular groove 44 in the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 6, thereby realizing the reverse transmission locking of the conveyor belt 6, so that the conveyor belt 6 can only be transmitted in the forward direction. In the process of the power mechanism 2 driving the rake bucket body 3 to move forward, the conveyor belt 6 will not be transmitted in the reverse direction; thus, the residual fragments on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 6 are prevented from sliding to the front end position of the material transport channel 11 as the conveyor belt 6 is transmitted in the reverse direction.

[0035] Embodiment 5: The wall of the extension groove 71 is provided with a spiral groove 74 ; a movable block 75 is movably connected in the spiral groove 74 ; and the movable block 75 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extension rod 72 .

[0036] When in use, during the process of the rake bucket body 3 moving backward and contacting the corresponding hook rod 7, the extension rod 72 at the end of the hook rod 7 away from the rotating block 64 will move toward the bottom of the extension groove 71 under the pressure of the material in the rake bucket body 3, and the extension rod 72 will drive the movable block 75 to move in the spiral groove 74, so that the extension rod 72 will rotate while moving toward the bottom of the extension groove 71, and the rotating extension rod 72 can drill into the material gap in the rake bucket body 3. As the rake bucket body 3 moves backward to the discharge port 13 for unloading, the extension rod 72 is inserted into the material gap of the rake bucket body 3, so that the hook rod 7 will drive the extension rod 72 to swing during the movement with the rotation of the rotating block 64, thereby improving The extension rod 72 has a stirring effect on the material in the bucket body 3, which makes the material in the bucket body 3 easier to fall off. In addition, when the extension rod 72 contacts the material in the bucket body 3 as the hook rod 7 swings back and forth, the extension rod 72 will inevitably be squeezed and retracted toward the bottom of the extension groove 71. Under the elastic force of the spring 73, the extension rod 72 will also extend out of the extension groove 71. In this way, the extension rod 72 will rotate during the process of retracting and extending the extension groove 71 back and forth. The rotating extension rod 72 will scrape the material in the bucket body 3, so that the material falls off more quickly under the scraping of the rotating extension rod 72; the extension rod 72 in this embodiment is only in contact with the spring 73, and is not fixedly connected.

[0037] Embodiment 6: The front end of the transmission groove 15 contacts the outer wall of the conveyor belt 6; a notch 16 for the hook rod 7 to escape is provided in the middle of the front end of the transmission groove 15; the spacing between adjacent hook rods 7 on the conveyor belt 6 in the transmission direction is adapted to the front-to-back width of the rake bucket body 3.

[0038] When in use, the rake bucket body 3 will enter the material transport channel 11 during the backward movement, and the rake bucket body 3 will contact the adjacent hook rods 7. The rake bucket body 3 will move between the adjacent hook rods 7. The backward movement of the rake bucket body 3 will drive the conveyor belt 6 to transmit. During the transmission process of the conveyor belt 6, the hook rods 7 on the outer wall of the conveyor belt 6 will pass through the notches 16 in sequence along with the conveyor belt 6, and the broken materials in the notches 16 will be pushed out from bottom to top by the hook rods 7.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the attached Figure 5 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: The raw coal mined from the coal mining face is first pre-crushed and then transported to the coal bunker in the mining area by a belt conveyor. A drum screen is installed in the coal bunker in the mining area. The raw coal with a particle size of less than 50 mm is directly transported to the main shaft coal bunker by a belt conveyor and then lifted to the ground from the main shaft coal bunker. The raw coal with a particle size of more than 50 mm on the screen enters the X-ray intelligent gangue separator. The clean coal after separation is transported to the main shaft coal bunker together with the raw coal with a particle size of less than 50 mm on the screen. S2: After selection, the gangue enters the gangue silo, and is taken out from the gangue silo by a rake bucket machine, and sent to the third-stage crusher for crushing through a feeding conveyor belt. The final crushing particle size is guaranteed to be less than 5 mm; S3: Ground fly ash is transported to the underground silo through vertical material conveying, and then sent from the underground silo to the filling station for measurement together with the gangue material below 5 mm; S4: Carry out pneumatic pipeline transportation to the transfer station. After passing through multiple transfer stations, enter the receiving bin to collect materials, measure and make slurry at the filling station, and then pump them. At the same time, ground cement and high-strength nano-powder are transported to the underground silo, transported to the receiving bin through pneumatic pipelines, and pumped after metering and making slurry at the filling station. The two pumping pipelines are mixed and sprayed into the goaf to complete the filling operation.

2. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The scraper bucket machine in S2 comprises a machine body (1) and a material transport channel (11) on the machine body (1); the front and rear of the machine body (1) are connected to a scraper bucket body (3) through a power mechanism (2); the front end of the material transport channel (11) is provided with a guide plate (12); the rear end of the material transport channel (11) is provided with a discharge port (13) facing downward; the scraper bucket body (3) can enter the material transport channel (11) along the guide plate (12); wheels (14) are provided at the lower middle part of the machine body (1); (1) A transmission groove (15) is arranged on the inner side near the bottom wall of the material transport channel (11); the material transport channel (11) and the transmission groove (15) are arranged obliquely; the rear end of the transmission groove (15) is connected to the discharge port (13); the transmission groove (15) is rotatably connected to the rear roller (4) by the rear inner wall; the transmission groove (15) is rotatably connected to the front roller (5) by the front inner wall; the outer walls of the front roller (5) and the rear roller (4) are rotatably connected to the conveyor belt (6); the inner side of the middle section of the conveyor belt (6) is rollingly supported by a transition roller (61).

3. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 2 is characterized by: The outer wall of the conveyor belt (6) is evenly provided with hook rods (7) along the transmission direction; the hook rod (7) is located in the middle position of the width direction of the conveyor belt (6); the hook rod (7) on the upper surface of the conveyor belt (6) is arranged with one end away from the conveyor belt (6) facing forward; the hook rod (7) on the lower surface of the conveyor belt (6) is arranged with one end away from the conveyor belt (6) facing backward.

4. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 3 is characterized by: A V-shaped groove (31) is provided at the middle of the shoveling edge of the rake bucket body (3); the hook rod (7) can be inserted into the V-shaped groove (31).

5. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 3 is characterized by: The surface of the conveyor belt (6) is provided with a rotating groove (62) corresponding to the hook rod (7) along the transmission direction; the rotating groove (62) is rotatably connected to the rotating block (64) through a torsion spring (63); the hook rod (7) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating block (64); the rotating groove (62) passes through the inner and outer walls of the conveyor belt (6); a shifting rod (65) is provided on the inner side of the conveyor belt (6); the shifting rod (65) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating block (64); the outer walls of the middle sections of the front roller (5) and the transition roller (61) are provided with an avoidance groove (51); the shifting rod (65) can pass through the avoidance groove (51); the rear roller (4) is composed of a rear rod (41), a middle plate (42) and an end roller (43) The rear rod (41) is fixedly connected to the machine body (1); the middle plate (42) is fixedly connected to the middle section of the rear rod (41); the end rollers (43) are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rear rod (41); the two end rollers (43) are located on both sides of the middle plate (42); the conveyor belt (6) is drivingly connected to the outer walls of the end rollers (43); the outer wall of the middle plate (42) is provided with an annular groove (44); the two groove walls of the annular groove (44) are evenly provided with shifting bars (45) around the center of the middle plate (42); the shifting bars (45) on the two groove walls of the annular groove (44) are staggered in the circumferential direction; the shifting bar (65) can enter the annular groove (44) and contact the shifting bar (45).

6. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 5 is characterized by: The shifting bar (45) is inclined in the transmission direction in the circumferential direction of the annular groove (44); the shifting rod (65) turns from top to bottom in the annular groove (44) and passes through a plurality of shifting bars (45).

7. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 5 is characterized by: An extension groove (71) is provided at one end of the hook rod (7) away from the rotating block (64); an extension rod (72) is movably connected in the extension groove (71); and the extension rod (72) is connected to the bottom of the extension groove (71) via a spring (73).

8. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 7 is characterized by: The groove wall of the extension groove (71) is provided with a spiral groove (74); a movable block (75) is movably connected in the spiral groove (74); and the movable block (75) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extension rod (72).

9. The underground X-ray intelligent waste separation and pneumatic waste transportation process and arrangement method according to claim 3 is characterized by: The front end of the transmission groove (15) contacts the outer wall of the conveyor belt (6); a notch (16) for the hook rod (7) to escape is arranged at the middle of the front end of the transmission groove (15); and the spacing between adjacent hook rods (7) on the conveyor belt (6) is adapted to the width of the rake bucket body (3) in the front-rear direction in the transmission direction.

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