Anaerobic high-temperature decomposition integrated device for preparing biochar from domestic garbage sludge

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic high-temperature decomposition integrated device for preparing biochar from domestic garbage and sludge, and relates to the technical field of domestic garbage and sludge treatment. The device comprises a crushing chamber, and a crushing assembly is arranged in the crushing chamber; through the arrangement of the crushing assembly, the solidified and blocked domestic garbage sludge is crushed, the crushed domestic sludge garbage falls into the feeding pipe and falls into the reaction kettle under the directional conveying effect of the spiral blade, and a high-temperature reaction environment is provided under the heating effect of the electric heating pipe on the interior of the reaction kettle; and therefore, the decomposition process of organic matters in the sludge is accelerated, the yield and quality of biochar are improved, the decomposition process of the organic matters in the sludge is accelerated, high-temperature pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis process is pumped out through a fan and conveyed into an arc-shaped cover through a gas inlet pipe and a connecting pipe to heat the bottom of a feeding pipe, and the overall structure is compact; the steps are orderly, and the treatment efficiency of the domestic sludge garbage is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of domestic waste sludge, and in particular to an integrated device for producing biochar from domestic waste sludge without anaerobic high temperature decomposition. Background Art

[0002] Domestic waste sludge refers to the solid precipitated material composed of organic fragments, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloids, etc. in domestic waste during the water supply and sewage treatment process. This sludge generally has the characteristics of high organic matter content, high water content, easy to rot and stink, etc., posing a potential threat to urban environmental sanitation and human health. Therefore, scientific and effective treatment and disposal of urban domestic waste sludge to achieve its harmlessness, reduction, stabilization and resource utilization is an important part of urban environmental protection and sustainable development. Traditional sludge treatment methods such as landfill and incineration have the problems of large footprint and easy to cause secondary pollution. In view of the above problems, the inventor proposes an integrated device for anaerobic high-temperature decomposition of biochar from domestic waste sludge to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem of carbonization treatment of domestic waste sludge, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for anaerobic high-temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge to produce biochar.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an integrated device for anaerobic high-temperature decomposition of biochar from domestic waste sludge, comprising a crushing chamber, a crushing assembly is arranged inside the crushing chamber, a conveying assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the crushing chamber, a reactor is arranged below one end of the conveying assembly, a heating assembly is arranged on the side of the reactor, a waste heat recovery assembly is arranged on the reactor, the waste heat recovery assembly is used to heat the inside of the conveying assembly, the bottom end of the inner wall of the reactor is arranged in a conical surface, and the bottom end of the inner wall of the crushing chamber is arranged in an inclined surface.

[0005] Preferably, the crushing assembly comprises a crushing roller 1 and a crushing roller 2, and the crushing roller 1 and the crushing roller 2 are rotatably connected in parallel inside the crushing chamber, one end of the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 1 and the crushing roller 2 extends to the outside of the crushing chamber and is fixedly connected with a gear, and the two gears are meshedly connected, and a servo motor is fixedly installed on one side of the crushing chamber, and the driving end of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 2.

[0006] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes a feeding pipe, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the crushing chamber, the feeding pipe is communicated with the interior of the crushing chamber, the interior of the feeding pipe is rotatably connected with a spiral blade, the bottom end of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to a lower barrel on the side away from the crushing chamber, one end of the rotating shaft of the second crushing roller is fixedly connected to a driving wheel, one end of the rotating shaft of the spiral blade extends to the outside of the feeding pipe and is fixedly connected to a driven wheel, the driving wheel and the outer sides of the driven wheel are connected by a belt drive, the top end of the inner wall of the lower barrel is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, the bottom end of the rotating rod movably extends to the interior of the reactor and is fixedly connected to a material distributor, the top of the lower barrel is fixedly installed with a stepping motor, the driving end of the stepping motor is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the top of the feeding pipe close to the lower barrel is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe communicated with the interior of the feeding pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the heating assembly comprises a fixed cover, the fixed cover is fixedly connected to the outside of the reaction kettle, and a spiral electric heating tube is fixedly installed inside the fixed cover and located on the outside of the reaction kettle.

[0008] Preferably, a fan is fixedly installed on the top of the reactor, the input end of the fan is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the reactor, the output end of the fan is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe, the outer side of the bottom of the conveying component is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe, one end of the connecting pipe away from the fan is fixedly connected to one side of the arc cover, and one end of the arc cover away from the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe communicated with the interior of the arc cover.

[0009] Preferably, a discharge pipe communicating with the interior of the reactor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the reactor, and a solenoid valve is provided on the discharge pipe.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] By setting a crushing component, the solidified domestic waste sludge is crushed, and the large garbage is crushed into small pieces, so as to facilitate the transportation of the garbage. The crushed domestic waste sludge garbage falls into the inside of the feeding pipe, and the spiral blades carry out directionally transportation of the crushed domestic waste sludge falling into the feeding pipe, and finally discharge it from the inside of the feeding pipe from one end of the lower barrel, and finally fall into the inside of the reactor. Under the heating effect of the electric heating tube on the inside of the reactor, a high-temperature reaction environment is provided, thereby accelerating the decomposition process of organic matter in the sludge, and improving the yield and quality of biochar. The decomposition process of organic matter in the sludge is accelerated, and the yield and quality of biochar are improved. The high-temperature cracking gas generated during the pyrolysis process is extracted through the fan and transported to the inside of the arc cover through the air inlet pipe and the connecting pipe, heating the bottom of the feeding pipe to remove excess moisture in the raw materials. The overall structure is compact and the steps are orderly, further improving the treatment efficiency of domestic waste sludge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the electric heating tube in the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Crushing chamber; 2. Crushing assembly; 21. Crushing roller one; 22. Crushing roller two; 23. Servo motor; 24. Gear; 3. Conveying assembly; 31. Feeding pipe; 32. Spiral blade; 33. Discharging barrel; 4. Reactor; 5. Heating assembly; 51. Fixed cover; 52. Electric heating pipe; 6. Waste heat recovery assembly; 61. Fan; 62. Inlet pipe; 63. Connecting pipe; 64. Arc cover; 65. Exhaust pipe; 7. Driving wheel; 8. Driven wheel; 9. Rotating rod; 10. Material distributor; 11. Stepping motor; 12. Exhaust pipe; 13. Discharge pipe; 14. Solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example: Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated device for anaerobic high-temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar, including a crushing chamber 1, a crushing component 2 is arranged inside the crushing chamber 1, a conveying component 3 is arranged at the bottom end of the crushing chamber 1, a reactor 4 is arranged below one end of the conveying component 3, a heating component 5 is arranged on the side of the reactor 4, and a waste heat recovery component 6 is arranged on the reactor 4, and the waste heat recovery component 6 is used to heat the inside of the conveying component 3.

[0020] The crushing assembly 2 includes a crushing roller 1 21 and a crushing roller 22, which are rotatably connected in parallel inside the crushing chamber 1. One end of the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 1 21 and the crushing roller 22 extends to the outside of the crushing chamber 1 and is fixedly connected with a gear 24. The two gears 24 are meshed and connected. A servo motor 23 is fixedly installed on one side of the crushing chamber 1, and the driving end of the servo motor 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 22.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the servo motor 23 drives the crushing roller 22 and one of the gears 24 to rotate toward one side of the crushing roller 1 21, and the two gears 24 are engaged and connected to each other, and the crushing roller 1 21 is driven to rotate toward one side of the crushing roller 2 22 at the same time, so that the crushing roller 1 21 and the crushing roller 2 22 generate counter-rotation, thereby achieving the crushing of domestic garbage sludge, breaking large pieces of garbage into small pieces, and facilitating the transportation of garbage.

[0022] The conveying assembly 3 includes a feed pipe 31, which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the crushing chamber 1. The feed pipe 31 is communicated with the inside of the crushing chamber 1, and a spiral blade 32 is rotatably connected to the inside of the feed pipe 31. A lower barrel 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom end of the feed pipe 31 away from the crushing chamber 1.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the crushed domestic garbage sludge falling into the feeding pipe 31 is directionally transported through the rotation of the spiral blade 32, and finally discharged from the feeding pipe 31 from one end of the lower barrel 33.

[0024] The heating assembly 5 comprises a fixed cover 51 , which is fixedly connected to the outside of the reaction kettle 4 , and a spiral electric heating tube 52 is fixedly installed inside the fixed cover 51 and located on the outside of the reaction kettle 4 .

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution and providing the electric heating tube 52, it is convenient to heat the interior of the reactor 4, thereby providing a high-temperature reaction environment, accelerating the decomposition process of organic matter in the sludge, and improving the yield and quality of biochar.

[0026] A fan 61 is fixedly installed on the top of the reactor 4, and an input end of the fan 61 is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe 62, which communicates with the interior of the reactor 4; an output end of the fan 61 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 63, and an exhaust pipe 65 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom of the conveying component 3; one end of the connecting pipe 63 away from the fan 61 is fixedly connected to one side of the arc cover 64, and one end of the arc cover 64 away from the connecting pipe 63 is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe 65 communicated with the interior of the arc cover 64.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature cracking gas generated by the decomposition of organic matter in the domestic waste sludge is extracted through the fan 61, and transported to the inside of the arc cover 64 through the air inlet pipe 62 and the connecting pipe 63, and the bottom of the feed pipe 31 is heated to remove excess moisture in the raw material. During the high-temperature cracking process, if the raw material contains too much moisture, it will lead to increased energy consumption, reduced cracking efficiency, and may produce by-products that are not conducive to subsequent processing or product quality stability. By drying, it can be ensured that the raw material has an appropriate moisture content when entering the high-temperature cracking stage, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire processing process and product quality.

[0028] One end of the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 22 is fixedly connected to the driving wheel 7, one end of the rotating shaft of the spiral blade 32 extends to the outside of the feeding pipe 31 and is fixedly connected to the driven wheel 8, and the driving wheel 7 and the outer side of the driven wheel 8 are connected through a belt drive.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, when the crushing roller 22 rotates, the driving wheel 7 is driven to rotate, and the driving wheel 7 is connected to the outer side of the driven wheel 8 through a belt drive, which drives the driven wheel 8 and the spiral blade 32 to rotate at the same time, so that the domestic sludge garbage can be crushed and the crushed sludge can be transported in a direction.

[0030] The top end of the inner wall of the discharge barrel 33 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 9, the bottom end of the rotating rod 9 movably extends to the interior of the reactor 4 and is fixedly connected to a material distributor 10, and a stepper motor 11 is fixedly installed on the top end of the discharge barrel 33, and the driving end of the stepper motor 11 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 9.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the stepper motor 11 drives the rotating rod 9 and the mixer 10 to rotate. When the sludge falls into the reactor 4 from the outlet of the discharge barrel 33, it will first fall into the top of the mixer 10. The mixer 10 is used to mix the sludge so that the sludge falling into the reactor 4 is evenly distributed, ensuring that the material can be evenly heated in the subsequent treatment process, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0032] The top end of the feeding pipe 31 is fixedly connected to one side of the lower barrel 33 and is connected to an exhaust pipe 12 which is in communication with the inside of the feeding pipe 31 .

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution and providing the exhaust pipe 12, it is convenient to discharge volatile gases such as water vapor generated during the drying process of domestic waste sludge.

[0034] A discharge pipe 13 communicating with the interior of the reactor 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the reactor 4 , and a solenoid valve 14 is provided on the discharge pipe 13 .

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution and providing a discharge pipe 13 , it is convenient to discharge the solid matter inside the reactor 4 , and the opening and closing of the discharge pipe 13 is controlled by providing a solenoid valve 14 .

[0036] The bottom end of the inner wall of the reaction kettle 4 is arranged in a conical surface, and the bottom end of the inner wall of the crushing chamber 1 is arranged in an inclined surface.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting the bottom end of the inner wall of the reaction kettle 4 to be a conical surface and the bottom end of the inner wall of the crushing chamber 1 to be an inclined surface, it is helpful for the material to flow more smoothly under the action of gravity.

[0038] Working principle: When carbonizing domestic waste sludge, the agglomerated and solidified domestic waste sludge is put into the crushing chamber 1, and the servo motor 23 drives the crushing roller 22 and one of the gears 24 to rotate toward one side of the crushing roller 1 21. The two gears 24 are meshed and connected, and the crushing roller 1 21 is driven to rotate toward one side of the crushing roller 22 at the same time, so that the crushing roller 1 21 and the crushing roller 2 22 rotate in opposite directions, so as to realize the crushing of domestic waste sludge, and break the large waste into small pieces, so as to facilitate the transportation of the waste;

[0039] The crushed domestic sludge garbage falls into the inside of the feeding pipe 31. When the crushing roller 22 rotates, the driving wheel 7 is driven to rotate. The driving wheel 7 is connected to the outer side of the driven wheel 8 through a belt transmission, and the driven wheel 8 and the spiral blade 32 are driven to rotate at the same time. The crushed domestic sludge garbage falling into the feeding pipe 31 is transported in a directional manner by the spiral blade 32, and finally discharged from the inside of the feeding pipe 31 from one end of the lower barrel 33;

[0040] When discharged, it will first fall into the top of the material distributor 10, and the material distributor 10 is driven to rotate by the stepping motor 11, and the material distributor 10 is used to distribute the sludge, so that the sludge falling into the reactor 4 is evenly distributed, ensuring that the material can be evenly heated in the subsequent treatment process, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency;

[0041] The sludge falling into the reactor 4 is heated by the electric heating tube 52 to provide a high-temperature reaction environment, thereby accelerating the decomposition process of organic matter in the sludge, improving the yield and quality of biochar, accelerating the decomposition process of organic matter in the sludge, and improving the yield and quality of biochar;

[0042] During the pyrolysis process, high-temperature cracking gas is generated. The high-temperature cracking gas generated by the decomposition of organic matter in the domestic waste sludge is extracted by the fan 61 and transported to the inside of the arc cover 64 through the air inlet pipe 62 and the connecting pipe 63 to heat the bottom of the feed pipe 31 and remove excess moisture in the raw material.

[0043] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An integrated device for producing biochar by anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge, comprising a crushing chamber (1), characterized in that: A crushing assembly (2) is arranged inside the crushing chamber (1), a conveying assembly (3) is arranged at the bottom end of the crushing chamber (1), a reaction kettle (4) is arranged below one end of the conveying assembly (3), a heating assembly (5) is arranged on the side of the reaction kettle (4), and a waste heat recovery assembly (6) is arranged on the reaction kettle (4), and the waste heat recovery assembly (6) is used to heat the inside of the conveying assembly (3).

2. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (2) comprises a crushing roller 1 (21) and a crushing roller 2 (22), wherein the crushing roller 1 (21) and the crushing roller 2 (22) are connected to each other in parallel and rotatably inside the crushing chamber (1), one end of the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 1 (21) and the crushing roller 2 (22) both extend to the outside of the crushing chamber (1) and are fixedly connected to a gear (24), the two gears (24) are meshingly connected, a servo motor (23) is fixedly installed on one side of the crushing chamber (1), and the driving end of the servo motor (23) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the crushing roller 2 (22).

3. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (3) comprises a feeding pipe (31), wherein the feeding pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the crushing chamber (1), the feeding pipe (31) is communicated with the inside of the crushing chamber (1), a spiral blade (32) is rotatably connected to the inside of the feeding pipe (31), and a lower barrel (33) is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom end of the feeding pipe (31) away from the crushing chamber (1).

4. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating assembly (5) comprises a fixed cover (51), the fixed cover (51) is fixedly connected to the outside of the reaction kettle (4), and a spiral electric heating tube (52) is fixedly installed inside the fixed cover (51) and located on the outside of the reaction kettle (4).

5. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan (61) is fixedly installed at the top of the reaction kettle (4); an input end of the fan (61) is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe (62); the air inlet pipe (62) is communicated with the interior of the reaction kettle (4); an output end of the fan (61) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (63); an exhaust pipe (65) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom of the conveying component (3); an end of the connecting pipe (63) away from the fan (61) is fixedly connected to one side of the arc cover (64); and an end of the arc cover (64) away from the connecting pipe (63) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (65) communicated with the interior of the arc cover (64).

6. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft of the second crushing roller (22) is fixedly connected to a driving wheel (7), one end of the rotating shaft of the spiral blade (32) extends to the outside of the feeding pipe (31) and is fixedly connected to a driven wheel (8), and the driving wheel (7) and the driven wheel (8) are connected to each other through a belt transmission.

7. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge to produce biochar as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the inner wall of the material discharge barrel (33) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (9), the bottom end of the rotating rod (9) movably extends into the interior of the reaction kettle (4) and is fixedly connected to a material distributor (10), and a stepper motor (11) is fixedly installed at the top end of the material discharge barrel (33), and the driving end of the stepper motor (11) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (9).

8. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A side of the top end of the feeding pipe (31) close to the lower barrel (33) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (12) which is in communication with the interior of the feeding pipe (31).

9. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge into biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the reaction kettle (4) is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe (13) communicating with the interior of the reaction kettle (4), and a solenoid valve (14) is arranged on the discharge pipe (13).

10. The integrated device for anaerobic high temperature decomposition of domestic waste sludge to produce biochar as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the inner wall of the reaction kettle (4) is arranged to be a conical surface, and the bottom end of the inner wall of the crushing chamber (1) is arranged to be an inclined surface.

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