Composite metal wire and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite metal wire and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to a new material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drilling a hole in a drilling surface of a coated metal cast ingot to form a cast ingot hole, knocking core metal into the cast ingot hole, carrying out hot extrusion to obtain a composite metal material, and drawing to obtain the composite metal wire. According to the preparation method, the composite metal wire can be efficiently prepared, the composite proportion is accurately regulated and controlled, casting defects are eliminated, the composite metal wire with few defects and good interface bonding between core metal and coating metal is obtained, and then the product performance of the composite metal wire is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to new materials, in particular to a composite metal wire and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, composite metal wires are mainly compounded by sleeve drawing, rotary forging and other methods, and then the composite metal wires of target specifications are obtained by multiple drawing and intermediate annealing. Before compounding, the cladding metal tube blank and the core metal wire need to be prepared separately, and then compounded by the above-mentioned plastic deformation method, and finally the performance is adjusted by annealing. However, the existing process flow is complicated, the production efficiency is low, it is easy to break during medium drawing and micro drawing, and the control of the core package ratio of the composite wire is not accurate, and the layer thickness is uneven. The reasons for the above problems include the complicated preparation process of the tube blank, which needs to be prepared by drilling, rolling and intermediate annealing processes. The rolling annealing process is prone to local cracking or the introduction of potential crack sources due to problems such as stress concentration and surface oxidation defects. The composite interface oxide is difficult to refine under a small deformation amount, and the composite interface bonding is poor, resulting in poor plasticity of the composite metal wire, which is easy to cause fracture during the subsequent drawing process. In addition, the preparation requirements of the composite metal wire tube blank are high, and the wall thickness deviation will cause uneven layer thickness in the subsequent composite wire preparation process, resulting in unstable performance. In the traditional preparation process of composite metal wire, the core package ratio control is only based on the initial ratio design during compounding. The core metal and the tube blank cannot be completely fitted during compounding, otherwise the sleeve cannot be made, resulting in a deviation between the core package ratio and the design value. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite metal wire. The preparation method can efficiently prepare the composite metal wire, accurately control the composite ratio, eliminate casting defects, obtain the composite metal wire with few defects and good interface bonding between the core metal and the cladding metal, thereby improving the product performance of the composite metal wire.

[0004] The invention provides a method for preparing a composite metal wire, comprising the following steps: drilling a hole on a drilling surface of a clad metal ingot to form an ingot hole, knocking a core metal into the ingot hole, hot extruding to obtain a composite metal material, and drawing to obtain a composite metal wire.

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the traditional preparation process of composite metal wire, the inventor proposes to abandon the previous design idea of ​​first making the clad metal into a "tube shape", and select one side of the clad metal ingot as the drilling surface, then drill to obtain the ingot hole, and then directly knock the core metal into the ingot hole, and then hard-hot extrude the clad metal containing the core metal as a whole, thereby omitting the complicated process of preparing the clad metal tube blank in the past, and then avoiding the defects such as surface oxidation, local cracking, and potential crack sources introduced in the preparation process of the tube blank. This method can not only improve the production efficiency of composite metal wire, but also improve the stability of composite metal wire, realize the precise control of the proportion of core clad material, obtain composite metal materials with few defects and good interface bonding, and then draw according to product requirements to obtain high-performance composite metal wire.

[0006] In one embodiment, the composite metal material is a rod or a wire.

[0007] In one embodiment, the ingot hole is single or multiple. In one embodiment, when the ingot hole is single, the ingot hole is located at the center of the drilling surface;

[0008] When there are a plurality of ingot holes, the ingot holes are symmetrically arranged on the drilling surface.

[0009] When there are several ingot holes, the ingot holes need to be symmetrically arranged on the drilling surface so that the cladding metal can be evenly distributed around the core metal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the symmetry is central symmetry or axisymmetry.

[0011] In one embodiment, the core metal is in the shape of a rod.

[0012] In one embodiment, the thickness of the core metal matches the diameter of the ingot hole.

[0013] The thickness of the core metal cannot be significantly larger than the diameter of the ingot hole, otherwise it cannot be successfully knocked into the ingot hole; nor can it be too smaller than the diameter of the ingot hole. Otherwise, even if the core metal is successfully knocked into the ingot hole, it will not be able to be fixed in the cladding metal before the hot extrusion process due to the small thickness of the core metal, thereby affecting the effect of the subsequent composite operation.

[0014] In one embodiment, the extrusion ratio of the hot extrusion is 10-90, and the extrusion speed is 10-50 m / min.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the drawing rate is 1 m / min-60 m / min, the single-pass surface reduction rate is 5%-30%, and the cumulative surface reduction rate during annealing is 20%-99%.

[0016] The present invention also provides a composite metal wire obtained by the preparation method, wherein the composite metal wire comprises a core metal and a cladding metal, wherein the cladding metal is wrapped around the surface of the core metal.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the mass percentage of the core metal to the composite metal wire is 10-50%.

[0018] In one embodiment, the wire diameter of the composite metal wire is 0.03 mm-1.5 mm.

[0019] The present invention also provides application of the composite metal wire in electric energy or signal transmission devices and aerospace devices.

[0020] The present invention also provides an electric energy or signal transmission device, which is prepared by using the composite metal wire.

[0021] In one embodiment, the electrical energy or signal transmission device includes a cable.

[0022] The present invention also provides an aerospace device, which is prepared by using the composite metal wire.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a composite metal wire and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method can efficiently prepare the composite metal wire, accurately control the composite ratio, eliminate casting defects, obtain the composite metal wire with few defects and good interface bonding between the core metal and the cladding metal, thereby improving the product performance of the composite metal wire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of composite ingot in the embodiment, wherein 1 is core metal and 2 is cladding metal;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of hot extrusion of composite ingot in the embodiment, wherein 3 is an extrusion device and 4 is a composite ingot to be extruded;

[0027] Figure 3 The figure is a comparison result of the mechanical properties of the composite metal wire (titanium alloy + nickel-based alloy) and the pure Ti-6Al-4V wire in the embodiment, wherein 1 is the composite metal wire and 2 is the pure Ti-6Al-4V wire; Figure 4 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional anatomical diagram of the composite metal wire (aluminum alloy + copper alloy) in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] source:

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, materials, and equipment used in this example are all commercially available; the experimental methods are all conventional experimental methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0033] Example

[0034] 1. The preparation method of the composite metal wire of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0035] 1. Core package material selection and proportion design.

[0036] First, the core material is selected according to the performance requirements, and the composite ingot is designed according to the proportion requirements. The cladding metal includes titanium alloy, stainless steel, magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, etc., and the core metal includes nickel alloy, copper alloy, carbon steel, stainless steel, etc. The mass of the core metal accounts for 10%-50% of the mass of the composite metal wire.

[0037] 2. Preparation of composite ingot.

[0038] According to the design, prepare the clad ingot and core metal, clean the material surface with alcohol to ensure that there is no oil on the material surface, directly drill holes in the clad metal ingot, and evenly drill holes in the clad metal ingot according to the mass proportion of the core metal to form ingot holes. Then, use the core metal to knock it into the ingot hole according to the design, so that the core metal fills the cladding metal, ensuring that the two sections of the composite ingot are flush after filling.

[0039] In this embodiment, there are five ingot holes, forming a "cross" shape on the drilling surface of the clad metal ingot. Figure 1 shown.

[0040] 3. Hot extrusion forming.

[0041] Before extrusion, the composite ingot and the extrusion die are kept at the extrusion temperature for more than 1 hour, and then hot extrusion is performed (such as Figure 2 The extrusion ratio is 10-90, and the extrusion speed is 10-50 m / min. After extrusion, a composite metal material is obtained, which is a rod or a wire.

[0042] 4. Filament drawing and forming.

[0043] The extruded composite metal rod or wire is subjected to multiple drawing passes, with a drawing rate of 1m / min-60m / min, a single-pass surface reduction rate of 5%-30%, and a cumulative surface reduction rate of 20%-99% during annealing. The final composite metal wire has a size of 0.03mm-1.5mm.

[0044] Second, titanium alloy (such as Ti-6Al-4V) is used as the cladding metal and nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 is used as the core metal.

[0045] Titanium alloy (such as Ti-6Al-4V) is selected as the cladding metal, and nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 is selected as the core metal. Titanium alloy has excellent strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance, suitable for use in high temperature and harsh environments, while nickel alloy has good high temperature creep resistance. According to the strength and toughness requirements, the mass of the core metal accounts for 20% of the composite wire design.

[0046] According to the determined material ratio, the method in step 1 of this embodiment is used to prepare the titanium alloy clad ingot and the nickel alloy core material. Use alcohol to clean the surface of the titanium alloy and nickel alloy materials to ensure that there is no oil stain and impurities. After cleaning, knock the nickel alloy core material into the titanium alloy clad ingot to ensure that the two end surfaces are flush, so that the subsequent extrusion process can proceed smoothly.

[0047] The composite ingot and the extrusion die were kept at 900°C for 1 hour to ensure that the material reached the appropriate extrusion temperature range. The extrusion ratio during hot extrusion was set to 20 and the extrusion speed was 20m / min. After hot extrusion, a composite rod was obtained, with good interface bonding between the titanium alloy and the nickel alloy, and no obvious stratification or pore defects.

[0048] The extruded composite rod is drawn in multiple passes, and the drawing rate is controlled at about 20m / min. The surface reduction rate of each pass is 15%, and intermediate annealing is performed when the cumulative surface reduction rate reaches 70%. The final composite filament has a diameter of 0.5mm, has high strength, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for the manufacture of aerospace parts, such as high-strength fasteners or sensor wires.

[0049] The mechanical properties of the composite wire and the pure Ti-6Al-4V wire were compared by selecting titanium alloy (such as Ti-6Al-4V) as the cladding metal and nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 as the core metal. Figure 3 As shown (the test method of mechanical properties is carried out in accordance with GB / T228.1-2021).

[0050] 3. Aluminum alloy (such as 6061 aluminum alloy) is used as the cladding metal and copper alloy (such as C11000 electrolytic copper) is used as the core metal.

[0051] In order to meet the conductivity and economic requirements of electrical conductors, aluminum alloy (such as 6061 aluminum alloy) is selected as the cladding metal and copper alloy (such as C11000 electrolytic copper) is selected as the core metal. Aluminum alloy has lower density and cost, while copper alloy provides excellent conductivity. According to the requirements of conductivity and mechanical properties, the core material is designed to account for 40%.

[0052] According to the determined material ratio, the method in step 1 of this embodiment is used to prepare the aluminum alloy clad ingot and the copper alloy core material, and the surfaces of these materials are cleaned with alcohol to ensure that there are no impurities or oil stains on the surface. The cleaned copper alloy core material is knocked into the aluminum alloy clad ingot to ensure that the end faces of the two are flush, laying the foundation for the subsequent hot extrusion and drawing process.

[0053] The composite ingot and the extrusion die were kept at an extrusion temperature of 600°C for 1 hour. The extrusion ratio was set to 50, and the extrusion speed was controlled at 30m / min. After hot extrusion, a composite metal bar was obtained, in which the aluminum alloy cladding layer was tightly combined with the copper alloy core material, and the surface was smooth and crack-free.

[0054] The extruded composite rod is subjected to multiple drawing passes, the drawing rate is controlled at 40m / min, and the single-pass reduction rate is 10%. When the cumulative reduction rate reaches 60%, intermediate annealing treatment is performed, and the final composite wire has a diameter of 1.0mm. The composite wire has high conductivity and good mechanical properties, and is suitable for the field of power transmission, especially the manufacture of high-voltage cables.

[0055] The longitudinal section of the composite metal wire prepared by selecting aluminum alloy (such as 6061 aluminum alloy) as the cladding metal and copper alloy (such as C11000 electrolytic copper) as the core metal is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen from the figure that the composite interface bonding effect is good.

[0056] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0057] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a composite metal wire, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The drilling surface of the clad metal ingot is drilled to form an ingot hole, the core metal is knocked into the ingot hole, hot extrusion is performed to obtain a composite metal material, and drawing is performed to obtain a composite metal wire.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ingot casting hole is single or multiple.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When there is a single ingot hole, the ingot hole is located at the center of the drilling surface; When there are a plurality of ingot holes, the ingot holes are symmetrically arranged on the drilling surface.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The symmetry is central symmetry or axisymmetry.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the core metal matches the diameter of the ingot hole.

6. The composite metal wire obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The composite metal wire comprises a core metal and a cladding metal, wherein the cladding metal is wrapped around the surface of the core metal.

7. The composite metal wire according to claim 6, characterized in that The mass percentage of the core metal to the composite metal wire is 10-50%.

8. Use of the composite metal wire according to any one of claims 6 to 7 in electric energy or signal transmission devices, and aerospace devices.

9. An electric energy or signal transmission device, characterized in that: The composite metal wire is prepared by using the composite metal wire described in any one of claims 6-7.

10. An aerospace device, characterized in that: The composite metal wire is prepared by using the composite metal wire described in any one of claims 6-7.

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