Exchangeable swinging head library of five-axis gantry machining center

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of numerical control machine tool accessories, and particularly relates to an exchangeable swinging head library of a five-axis gantry machining center. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a support, bin bodies, a positioning and supporting unit, a loosening device, a detection unit and a pneumatic cleaning unit, the multiple bin bodies are arranged on the support in rows, and the positioning and supporting unit is arranged in the middles of the bin bodies; the loosening device is arranged at the upper end of the bin body and is used for realizing the separation between the A-axis swinging body and the C-axis swinging body of the exchangeable swinging head; the detection unit is arranged on the bin body and the positioning and supporting unit and is used for detecting the in-place condition of the exchangeable swinging head; and the pneumatic cleaning unit is arranged on the positioning and supporting unit. According to the A-axis swing body automatic switching mechanism, automatic switching storage positions can be provided for the multiple exchangeable swing heads, it is guaranteed that when the five-axis gantry machining center machines different parts and procedures, automatic switching of different A-axis swing bodies is achieved, the problems of poor reliability and low efficiency of manual head changing are solved, and the machining efficiency and the precision level of the five-axis gantry machining center are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of numerical control machine tool accessories, and in particular relates to an exchangeable swing head library of a five-axis gantry machining center. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements for automation level, production efficiency and reliability of modern manufacturing are becoming increasingly higher. Especially in the field of aerospace, for the same parts, the composition materials are often diverse, involving different materials such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, composite materials, etc., which puts forward different and even very different personalized requirements for processing parameters. This requires that the same part needs to be processed multiple times on different machine tools, which not only has low production efficiency, but also cannot guarantee processing accuracy.

[0003] The five-axis gantry machining center equipped with interchangeable pendulum heads can meet the needs of efficient and high-precision machining. The interchangeable pendulum head includes a C-axis pendulum body and multiple A-axis pendulum bodies. The C-axis pendulum body is fixedly connected to the machine tool slide, and multiple A-axis pendulum bodies share one C-axis pendulum body. After different A-axis pendulum bodies are separated from the C-axis pendulum body, a head library for storing the A-axis pendulum bodies of the interchangeable pendulum head is required.

[0004] However, the five-axis gantry machining center does not have a head warehouse to provide storage space for its interchangeable swing head, and cannot achieve reliable, automated and high-precision exchange of the A-axis swing body. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an exchangeable pendulum head warehouse for a five-axis gantry machining center, which can provide automatic exchange storage positions for multiple exchangeable pendulum heads, thereby ensuring that when the five-axis gantry machining center processes different parts and processes, different A-axis pendulum bodies can be automatically switched, thereby solving the problems of poor reliability and low efficiency of manual head changing, improving the machining efficiency and precision level of the five-axis gantry machining center, and meeting the demand for efficient machining of parts in the aerospace field.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A five-axis gantry machining center exchangeable pendulum head warehouse comprises a bracket, a bin body, a positioning support unit, a loosening device, a detection unit and a pneumatic cleaning unit, wherein a plurality of bin bodies are arranged in a row on the bracket, and the positioning support unit is arranged in the middle of the bin body; the loosening device is arranged at the upper end of the bin body, and is used for realizing the disengagement between the A-axis pendulum body and the C-axis pendulum body of the exchangeable pendulum head; the detection unit is arranged on the bin body and the positioning support unit, and is used for detecting the position of the exchangeable pendulum head; the pneumatic cleaning unit is arranged on the positioning support unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head warehouse, and the warehouse body includes a vertical frame, an upper frame, a middle frame and a lower frame, and the upper frame, the middle frame and the lower frame are fixedly connected into one by four vertical frames, the lower frame is fixedly set on the bracket, the middle frame is provided with a support plate, the positioning support unit is arranged on the support plate, and the loosening device is arranged at the upper end of the upper frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head library, and the positioning support unit includes a support structure and an adjustment mechanism, the support structure is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the adjustment mechanism is mounted on the support plate by fixing screws and is located on the side and end of the support structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head magazine, and the supporting structure includes a seat body, a positioning pin, an adjustment circular pad and a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate. The seat body is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the adjustment circular pad is fixedly arranged on the seat body. The positioning pin is fixedly arranged at the center of the adjustment circular pad, and a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate is arranged on the end face of the seat body outside the adjustment circular pad; the thickness of the adjustment circular pad is set according to requirements.

[0011] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head library, and the support structure is divided into two forms: a single-arm swing head support structure and a double-arm swing head support structure; the single-arm swing head support structure is provided with two locating pins, and the two locating pins are symmetrically arranged on the base body; the double-arm swing head support structure is provided with a locating pin, and the locating pin is located on the right part of the base body, and a mounting groove is provided on the left part of the base body; the double-arm swing head support structure needs to be used in pairs as a group, and its locating pins are arranged diagonally.

[0012] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head magazine, and the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment block, a tightening screw and a pulling screw. The adjustment block is mounted on the support plate by a fixing screw, and the adjustment block is provided with a transverse oblong through hole and two threaded holes, and the two threaded holes are respectively located on both sides of the oblong through hole; a screw hole is provided on the side or end of the seat body, the pulling screw is inserted into the oblong through hole and screwed into the screw hole, and the two tightening screws are respectively screwed into the two threaded holes and their ends are pressed against the side or end of the seat body.

[0013] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head library, and the detection unit includes an interchangeable swing head in-position detection switch and an interchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch; when the supporting structure of the warehouse body is a paired double-arm swing head supporting structure, the interchangeable swing head in-position detection switch is arranged in the mounting slot of one double-arm swing head supporting structure, and the interchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch is arranged in the mounting slot of another double-arm swing head supporting structure; when the supporting structure of the warehouse body is a single-arm swing head supporting structure, the interchangeable swing head in-position detection switch is arranged in the upper frame of the warehouse body, and the interchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch is arranged in the middle frame of the warehouse body.

[0014] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center can exchange the swing head magazine, and the loosening device includes four loosening blocks and four adjustment square pads. The four adjustment square pads are respectively fixed at the centers of the four sides of the upper frame, and the loosening blocks are arranged on the adjustment square pads; the thickness of the adjustment square pads is set according to requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center can exchange the swing head magazine, and the inner side of the upper frame is provided with an anti-collision plate, and the material of the anti-collision plate is nylon or nitrile rubber.

[0016] Furthermore, the five-axis gantry machining center has an interchangeable swing head library, and the pneumatic cleaning unit includes a pneumatic joint, a pneumatic pipeline and a solenoid valve. The pneumatic joint is installed under the locating pin, the pneumatic pipeline is connected to the pneumatic joint, the solenoid valve is installed on the pneumatic pipeline, and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by the system PLC.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] Adopt modular design.

[0019] 1. The interchangeable head library of the present invention, as an important component of the five-axis gantry machining center, effectively ensures the realization of the automatic exchange function of the interchangeable head of the five-axis gantry machining center, ensures the adaptability of the five-axis gantry machining center to different part materials and processing techniques, and helps to improve the machining efficiency and quality of the machine tool.

[0020] 2. The combined application of the positioning support unit, adjustment mechanism, detection unit, pneumatic cleaning unit and loosening device in the present invention ensures the positioning accuracy and reliability of the A-axis pendulum exchange, realizes the information transmission between the A-axis pendulum and head library status and the machine tool control system, and ensures the realization of the automatic exchange function.

[0021] 3. The bracket, warehouse body, positioning support unit and adjustment mechanism in the present invention all adopt a modular design, which improves the capacity and specification expansion capability of the exchangeable pendulum head library, and improves the adaptability to the exchange of A-axis pendulum bodies of different specifications and different quantities.

[0022] 4. The steel seat body of the positioning support unit in the present invention is used in combination with the polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate, which improves the friction resistance and effectively reduces the damage to the A-axis swing body support surface caused by long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the interchangeable headstock of the five-axis gantry machining center;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the double-arm swing head support structure;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the single-arm swing head support structure;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the interchangeable swing head placed in the interchangeable swing head library of the five-axis gantry machining center. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a five-axis gantry machining center can exchange a swing head warehouse, including a bracket 1, a warehouse body 2, a positioning support unit, a loosening device, a detection unit and a pneumatic cleaning unit. A plurality of warehouse bodies 2 are arranged in a row on the bracket 1. The interface between the bracket 1 and the warehouse body 2 adopts a modular design, and the number and specifications of the warehouse bodies 2 on the bracket 1 can be expanded according to needs; the warehouse body 2 includes a stand, an upper frame, a middle frame and a lower frame, and the upper frame, the middle frame and the lower frame are fixedly connected to form a whole through four stands, a support plate 3 is provided on the middle frame, and the lower frame is fixedly arranged on the bracket 1;

[0029] The positioning support unit includes a support structure 4 and an adjustment mechanism 5. The support structure 4 is fixedly mounted on the support plate 3. The adjustment mechanism 5 is mounted on the support plate 3 by fixing screws 18 and is located at the side and end of the support structure 4.

[0030] The bracket 1, the bin body 2, the support plate 3, the support structure 4 and the adjustment mechanism 5 are all modularly designed;

[0031] The support structure 4 includes a seat body 12, a positioning pin 13, an adjustment circular pad 14 and a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate 15. The seat body 12 is fixedly mounted on the support plate 3, the adjustment circular pad 14 is fixedly arranged on the seat body 12, the positioning pin 13 is fixedly arranged at the center of the adjustment circular pad 14, and the polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate 15 is arranged on the end surface of the seat body 12 outside the adjustment circular pad 14; the thickness of the adjustment circular pad 14 is set according to the requirements;

[0032] The support structure 4 is divided into two forms: a single-arm swing head support structure and a double-arm swing head support structure; the single-arm swing head support structure is provided with two positioning pins 13, and the two positioning pins 13 are symmetrically arranged on the seat body 12; the double-arm swing head support structure is provided with a positioning pin 13, and the positioning pin 13 is located on the right part of the seat body 12, and a mounting groove 16 is provided on the left part of the seat body 12; the double-arm swing head support structure needs to be used in pairs as a group, and its positioning pins 13 are arranged according to the diagonal line;

[0033] The adjustment mechanism 5 includes an adjustment block 17, a tightening screw 20 and a pulling screw 19. The adjustment block 17 is mounted on the support plate 3 by means of a fixing screw 18. The adjustment block 17 is provided with a transverse oblong through hole and two threaded holes, and the two threaded holes are respectively located on both sides of the oblong through hole; a screw hole is provided on the side or end of the seat body 12, and the pulling screw 19 is inserted into the oblong through hole and screwed into the screw hole, and two tightening screws 20 are respectively screwed into the two threaded holes and their ends are pressed against the side or end of the seat body 12;

[0034] By using the tightening screw 20 and the pulling screw 19, the relative position relationship between the support structure 4 and the warehouse body 2 is adjusted, and the relative position relationship between the two paired double-arm swing head support structures is adjusted, and then the installation distance between the two paired double-arm swing head support structures is adjusted to match the positioning hole distance of the A-axis swing body 22 of the interchangeable swing head;

[0035] The detection unit includes an exchangeable swing head in-place detection switch 9 and an exchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch 8; when the support structure of the warehouse body 2 is a paired double-arm swing head support structure, the exchangeable swing head in-place detection switch 9 is arranged in the mounting slot 16 of one double-arm swing head support structure, and the exchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch 8 is arranged in the mounting slot 16 of the other double-arm swing head support structure; when the support structure of the warehouse body 2 is a single-arm swing head support structure, the exchangeable swing head in-place detection switch 9 is arranged on the upper frame of the warehouse body 2, and the exchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch 8 is arranged on the middle frame of the warehouse body 2; the detection unit is used to detect the in-place status of the exchangeable swing head to ensure the exchange reliability of the exchangeable swing head, realize communication with the machine tool control system, use PLC for logic control, and realize the automatic exchange function of the A-axis swing body 22 of the exchangeable swing head;

[0036] The release device includes four release blocks 6 and four adjustment square pads 7. The four adjustment square pads 7 are respectively fixed at the centers of the four sides of the upper frame, and the release blocks 6 are arranged on the adjustment square pads 7. The thickness of the adjustment square pads 7 is set according to the requirements. The release device is used to realize the separation between the A-axis swing body 22 and the C-axis swing body 21 of the exchangeable swing head.

[0037] An anti-collision sheet 10 is provided on the inner side of the upper frame. The anti-collision sheet 10 is made of nylon or nitrile rubber to ensure the safety of the swing head exchange.

[0038] The pneumatic cleaning unit includes a pneumatic joint, a pneumatic pipeline and a solenoid valve. The pneumatic joint is installed below the positioning pin 13. The pneumatic pipeline is connected to the pneumatic joint. The solenoid valve is installed on the pneumatic pipeline. The opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by the system PLC.

[0039] A fixed anchor assembly 11 is provided at the lower part of the bracket 1. The fixed anchor assembly has a height adjustment function and can adjust the overall height and level of the head storage.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, a mechanical anti-loosening mechanism is provided between the A-axis pendulum body 22 of the interchangeable pendulum head and the C-axis pendulum body 21. When the A-axis pendulum body 22 enters the bin body 2, the four loosening blocks 6 of the loosening device press against the lead screw notch of the mechanical anti-loosening mechanism to realize the separation between the A-axis pendulum body 22 of the interchangeable pendulum head and the C-axis pendulum body 21; when the A-axis pendulum body 22 descends, the pneumatic joint of the pneumatic cleaning unit blows air toward the coupling hole of the A-axis pendulum body 22 to clean the coupling hole, and the wind is blown back from the coupling hole to clean the positioning pin 13 and its surroundings; then, the coupling hole of the A-axis pendulum body 22 is buckled with the positioning pin 13.

Claims

1. A five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable headstock, characterized in that: It includes a bracket, a warehouse body, a positioning support unit, a loosening device, a detection unit and a pneumatic cleaning unit. A plurality of warehouse bodies are arranged in a row on the bracket, and the positioning support unit is arranged in the middle of the warehouse body; the loosening device is arranged at the upper end of the warehouse body, and is used to achieve the separation between the A-axis pendulum body and the C-axis pendulum body of the exchangeable pendulum head; the detection unit is arranged on the warehouse body and the positioning support unit, and is used to detect the position of the exchangeable pendulum head; the pneumatic cleaning unit is arranged on the positioning support unit.

2. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The warehouse body includes a vertical frame, an upper frame, a middle frame and a lower frame. The upper frame, the middle frame and the lower frame are fixedly connected into one by four vertical frames. The lower frame is fixedly set on the bracket, the middle frame is provided with a support plate, the positioning support unit is arranged on the support plate, and the loosening device is arranged at the upper end of the upper frame.

3. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The positioning support unit includes a support structure and an adjustment mechanism. The support structure is fixedly mounted on the support plate. The adjustment mechanism is mounted on the support plate through fixing screws and is located at the side and end of the support structure.

4. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The supporting structure includes a seat body, a positioning pin, an adjusting circular pad and a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate. The seat body is fixedly mounted on the support plate, the adjusting circular pad is fixedly arranged on the seat body, the positioning pin is fixedly arranged at the center of the adjusting circular pad, and a polytetrafluoroethylene plastic plate is arranged on the end surface of the seat body outside the adjusting circular pad; the thickness of the adjusting circular pad is set according to requirements.

5. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The support structure is divided into two forms: a single-arm swing head support structure and a double-arm swing head support structure; the single-arm swing head support structure is provided with two locating pins, and the two locating pins are symmetrically arranged on the base body; the double-arm swing head support structure is provided with a locating pin, and the locating pin is located on the right part of the base body, and an installation groove is provided on the left part of the base body; the double-arm swing head support structure needs to be used in pairs as a group, and its locating pins are arranged diagonally.

6. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment block, a tightening screw and a pulling screw. The adjustment block is installed on the support plate by a fixing screw. The adjustment block is provided with a transverse oblong through hole and two threaded holes, and the two threaded holes are respectively located on both sides of the oblong through hole; a screw hole is provided on the side or end of the seat body, the pulling screw is inserted into the oblong through hole and screwed into the screw hole, and the two tightening screws are respectively screwed into the two threaded holes and their ends are pressed against the side or end of the seat body.

7. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The detection unit includes an interchangeable swing head in-place detection switch and an interchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch; when the supporting structure of the warehouse body is a paired double-arm swing head supporting structure, the interchangeable swing head in-place detection switch is arranged in the mounting slot of one double-arm swing head supporting structure, and the interchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch is arranged in the mounting slot of another double-arm swing head supporting structure; when the supporting structure of the warehouse body is a single-arm swing head supporting structure, the interchangeable swing head in-place detection switch is arranged in the upper frame of the warehouse body, and the interchangeable swing head anti-misplacement detection switch is arranged in the middle frame of the warehouse body.

8. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The release device includes four release blocks and four adjustment square pads. The four adjustment square pads are respectively fixed at the centers of the four sides of the upper frame, and the release blocks are arranged on the adjustment square pads. The thickness of the adjustment square pads is set according to the requirements.

9. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An anti-collision sheet is arranged on the inner side of the upper frame, and the material of the anti-collision sheet is nylon or nitrile rubber.

10. The five-axis gantry machining center with an exchangeable swing head magazine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pneumatic cleaning unit includes a pneumatic joint, a pneumatic pipeline and a solenoid valve. The pneumatic joint is installed below the positioning pin. The pneumatic pipeline is connected to the pneumatic joint. The solenoid valve is installed on the pneumatic pipeline. The opening and closing of the solenoid valve is controlled by the system PLC.

Images