Knot type temporary plugging ball throwing device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a knot type temporary plugging ball throwing device and a using method thereof. The ball throwing device comprises a ball throwing device body and a ball throwing pipeline connected with the ball throwing device body, and fracturing fluid main pipelines are connected front and back of the ball throwing device body. The ball throwing pipeline comprises a first main valve, a three-way short section, a second main valve and a manifold short section which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, a first bypass valve, a small three-way short section and a second bypass valve are sequentially connected to the upper portion of the fracturing fluid main pipeline, the third end of the small three-way short section is connected with the third end of the three-way short section, and the other end of the second bypass valve is connected to the manifold short section through a pipeline. A discharge manifold is arranged between the first main valve and the three-way short section and sequentially connected with a pressure release valve and a collecting device. The device has the advantages that the device can be operated under the condition that a pump is not stopped, a well is closed for pressure relief, the structure is simple, control is flexible, meanwhile, long-time contact hydrolysis of a temporary plugging ball thrown in advance and fracturing fluid in a ball throwing device can be avoided, the use amount of a wrapping film of the knot type temporary plugging ball is reduced, and the material cost is reduced; and more valves and manifolds can be connected in series above the manifold short section, so that multi-stage fracturing is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a knot-type temporary plugging ball throwing device used in the process of oil exploitation and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Shale oil and gas reservoirs are highly heterogeneous, with large differences in horizontal principal stress, and it is not easy to form complex fractures during fracturing. In order to improve the transformation effect of the reservoir, the ball-throwing temporary plugging process is used to force the fractures to turn and increase the complexity of the fractures. At present, knot temporary plugging balls are widely used. The inner core of the knot-shaped and scattered tail wings is wrapped with a layer of soluble material on the outside. Through the ball-throwing device, it is pumped into the wellbore with the fluid. During the pumping process, the outer material breaks and dissolves, exposing the inner core of the knot. Under the negative pressure of the water flow, the inner core of the knot enters the perforation channel with the fluid to block the perforation. After the construction is completed, the knot degrades within the required time, and the perforation flow channel is restored. Commonly used ball-throwing processes can be divided into pump-stopping, well-shutdown, pressure-relieving ball-throwing and non-stop pump-shutdown pressure-relieving ball-throwing process. After stopping the pump, the well-shutdown, pressure-relieving ball-throwing process is to remove the plug at the wellhead ball-throwing hole after stopping the pump, and start the pump to continue the operation after the temporary plugging ball is put in. This ball-throwing method requires stopping the pump, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive for workers and has certain risks. The pressurized ball throwing process is to install the temporary plugging ball in the ball thrower in advance, and during construction, the temporary plugging ball is dropped into the fracturing manifold through certain control means. In this pressurized ball throwing method, the temporary plugging ball needs to be thrown in advance and soaked in the fracturing fluid for a long time; if there are abnormal conditions during the fracturing construction process, such as long preparation time for fracturing materials, equipment maintenance in the middle, and soaking in the fracturing fluid for a longer time, it is often found that the surface of the temporary plugging ball dissolves, accumulates and sticks together, making it difficult to drop and send the temporary plugging ball, and the temporary plugging effect is poor.

[0003] At present, in the staged fracturing ball-throwing temporary plugging process of shale oil and gas wells, in order to improve the operation efficiency, temporary plugging balls are often loaded into the ball-throwing short section in advance, and the temporary plugging ball-throwing method is adopted to reduce the displacement and open the ball-throwing device valve to deliver the ball. However, this ball-throwing method has the following disadvantages: (1) When there are a large number of temporary plugging balls, due to the immersion of fracturing fluid in the short joint and the mutual squeezing of the balls, the soluble material wrapped around the knotted temporary plugging balls will dissolve and stick together in advance, making it difficult for the temporary plugging balls to fall into the high-pressure manifold after the valve is opened, and some temporary plugging balls will remain in the ball thrower; (2) Conventional ball throwers descend by gravity, and temporary plugging balls cannot be brought into the well synchronously. Some temporary plugging balls are delayed in reaching their positions, causing linear pressure fluctuations during the sand addition process, which greatly increases the construction risk. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device with good throwing effect and low construction risk and a use method thereof.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the knot-type temporary plugging ball throwing device of the present invention comprises a ball throwing device body and a ball throwing pipeline connected thereto, wherein the ball throwing device body is connected to a fracturing fluid main pipeline at the front and rear, and the ball throwing pipeline comprises a main valve 1, a three-way short section, a main valve 2 and a manifold short section which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, and a bypass valve 1, a small three-way short section and a bypass valve 2 are sequentially connected above the fracturing fluid main pipeline, the third end of the small three-way short section and the third end of the three-way short section are connected to each other, and the other end of the bypass valve 2 is connected to the manifold short section through a pipeline, and a discharge manifold is arranged between the main valve 1 and the three-way short section, and the discharge manifold is sequentially connected to a pressure relief valve and a collecting device.

[0006] The main valve 1 is a hydraulic plug valve, the main valve 2 is a hydraulic flat gate valve, the bypass valve 1, the bypass valve 2 and the pressure relief valve are gate valves.

[0007] The collecting device is a liquid collecting barrel.

[0008] A short joint cover is installed on the manifold short joint, and the short joint cover is used to seal the pipeline.

[0009] A support frame is installed below the main body of the ball pitching device, and the support frame is used to support the device and pipelines.

[0010] The connection between the components is flange connection.

[0011] A method for using a knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device comprises the following steps: A. Before the fracturing operation, open the main valve 2, the main valve 1, the bypass valve 1 and the bypass valve 2 on the high-pressure manifold, and close the pressure relief valve; B. After the high-pressure manifold passes the pressure test, close the main valve 1 and the bypass valve 1, open the pressure relief valve, discharge the pressure test working fluid to the collection device, and then close the pressure relief valve; C. Open the short section cover, install the specifications and quantity of the knot temporary plugging balls required for the first ball throwing according to the temporary plugging process design, and the temporary plugging balls fall into the manifold space above the main valve 1. Close the main valve 2 and the bypass valve 2, install the specifications and quantity of the knot temporary plugging balls required for the second ball throwing, and the temporary plugging balls fall into the manifold space above the main valve 2, and then install the short section cover; D. Start fracturing and perform pumping construction according to the design. When the first ball injection is required, open the main valve 1 and the bypass valve 1, and the bypass manifold liquid circulation pushes the temporary plugging ball in the manifold above the main valve 1, so that all of them fall into the fracturing fluid main pipeline at one time and enter the wellbore. Then close the bypass valve 1 and the main valve 1, and continue the pumping construction according to the design; E. During construction, open the pressure relief valve to discharge the working fluid used in the first ball throwing to the collection device, close the pressure relief valve, open the main valve 2, and make the knotted temporary blocking ball required for the second ball throwing in the manifold space above the main valve 2 fall into the manifold space above the main valve 1, and prepare for the second ball throwing; F. When the second ball drop is needed, the main valve 1, the bypass valve 1 and the bypass valve 2 are opened, and the bypass manifold fluid circulation pushes the temporary blocking ball in the manifold above the main valve 1, so that all of them fall into the fracturing fluid main pipeline at one time and enter the wellbore.

[0012] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: by arranging a combination of a hydraulic flat gate valve, a hydraulic plug valve, a pressure relief gate valve, a bypass gate valve 1 and a bypass gate valve 2 on the fracturing main pipeline, a temporary plugging ball flow channel with remote hydraulic control is established, which can be operated without stopping the pump to shut down the well and relieve the pressure, has a simple structure and flexible control, and can also prevent the temporary plugging balls dropped before construction from being immersed in the fracturing fluid in the ball dropping device for a long time and hydrolyzed, thereby saving the use of temporary plugging ball wrapping film, reducing material costs and improving operating efficiency; more valves and manifolds can be connected in series above the manifold short section according to process requirements, thereby adjusting the number and quantity of temporary plugging balls and realizing multi-stage fracturing; a multi-stage bypass pipeline is used for circulation promotion to avoid the presence of temporary plugging balls retained in the ball dropping pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device and the use method thereof of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] As shown in the figure, the knot-type temporary plugging ball throwing device of the present invention comprises a throwing device body 14 and a throwing pipeline connected thereto, the throwing device body 14 is connected to the fracturing fluid main pipeline 10 in front and back, and a support frame 9 for supporting the device and the pipeline is installed below. The throwing pipeline comprises a main valve 1 6, a three-way short section 4, a main valve 2 3 and a manifold short section 2 connected in sequence from bottom to top, and a short section cover 1 for sealing the pipeline is installed on the manifold short section 2. A bypass valve 1 11, a small three-way short section 12 and a bypass valve 2 13 are connected in sequence above the fracturing fluid main pipeline 10, the third end of the small three-way short section 12 and the third end of the three-way short section 4 are connected to each other, and the other end of the bypass valve 2 13 is connected to the manifold short section 2 through a pipeline. A discharge manifold 5 is arranged between the main valve 1 6 and the three-way short section 4, and the discharge manifold 5 is connected to a pressure relief valve 7 and a collecting device 8 in sequence, and the collecting device 8 is a liquid collecting barrel.

[0016] The main valve 1 6 is a hydraulic plug valve, the main valve 2 3 is a hydraulic flat gate valve, the bypass valve 1 11, the bypass valve 2 13 and the pressure relief valve 7 are gate valves. The connection method between the components is flange connection.

[0017] A method for using a knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device comprises the following steps: A. Before fracturing operation, open the main valve 23, main valve 16, bypass valve 11 and bypass valve 2 13 on the high-pressure manifold, and close the pressure relief valve 7; according to the design pressure limit of fracturing, inject the pressure test working fluid to test the high-pressure manifold parts, stabilize the pressure for 10 minutes, and the pressure drop does not exceed 0.7MPa to be qualified; B. After the high-pressure manifold passes the pressure test, close the main valve 6 and the bypass valve 11, open the pressure relief valve 7, discharge the pressure test working fluid to the collection device 8, and then close the pressure relief valve 7; C. Open the short section cover 1, and install the specifications and quantity of the temporary plugging balls required for the first ball throwing according to the temporary plugging process design. The temporary plugging balls fall into the manifold space above the main valve 1 6. Close the main valve 2 3 and the bypass valve 2 13, and install the specifications and quantity of the temporary plugging balls required for the second ball throwing. The temporary plugging balls fall into the manifold space above the main valve 2 3, and then install the short section cover 1; D. Start fracturing and perform pumping construction according to the design. When the first ball injection is required, open the main valve 6 and the bypass valve 11. The bypass manifold circulation pushes the temporary plugging ball in the manifold above the main valve 6, so that it all falls into the fracturing fluid main pipeline 10 at one time and enters the wellbore. Then close the bypass valve 11 and the main valve 6 and continue the pumping construction according to the design. E. During construction, open the pressure relief valve 7, discharge the working fluid used for the first ball throwing to the collection device 8, close the pressure relief valve 7, open the main valve 2 3, and make the knotted temporary blocking ball required for the second ball throwing in the manifold space above the main valve 2 3 fall into the manifold space above the main valve 1 6, and prepare for the second ball throwing; F. When the second ball injection is needed, open the main valve 16, bypass valve 11 and bypass valve 2 13, and the bypass manifold fluid circulation pushes the temporary blocking ball in the manifold above the main valve 16, so that it all falls into the fracturing fluid main pipeline 10 at one time and enters the wellbore.

[0018] Then continue to pump and inject as designed to complete the single-stage fracturing construction. More valves and manifolds can be connected in series above the manifold short section according to process requirements, so as to adjust the number and quantity of temporary plugging balls and achieve multi-stage fracturing. At the same time, due to the use of multi-stage bypass pipeline circulation, it can effectively avoid the presence of temporary plugging balls in the ball-dropping pipeline.

[0019] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knot-type temporary plugging ball throwing device, comprising a throwing device body (14) and a throwing pipeline connected thereto, wherein the throwing device body (14) is connected to a fracturing fluid main pipeline (10) at the front and rear, and characterized in that: The ball injection pipeline comprises a main valve 1 (6), a three-way short joint (4), a main valve 2 (3) and a manifold short joint (2) which are connected in sequence from bottom to top; a bypass valve 1 (11), a small three-way short joint (12) and a bypass valve 2 (13) are connected in sequence above the fracturing fluid main pipeline (10); a third end of the small three-way short joint (12) and a third end of the three-way short joint (4) are connected to each other; the other end of the bypass valve 2 (13) is connected to the manifold short joint (2) through a pipeline; a discharge manifold (5) is provided between the main valve 1 (6) and the three-way short joint (4); the discharge manifold (5) is connected in sequence to a pressure relief valve (7) and a collecting device (8).

2. The knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve 1 (6) is a hydraulic plug valve, the main valve 2 (3) is a hydraulic flat gate valve, the bypass valve 1 (11), the bypass valve 2 (13) and the pressure relief valve (7) are gate valves.

3. The knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collecting device (8) is a liquid collecting barrel.

4. The knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A short section cover (1) is installed on the manifold short section (2), and the short section cover (1) is used to seal the pipeline.

5. The knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support frame (9) is installed below the ball pitching device body (14), and the support frame (9) is used to support the device and pipelines.

6. The knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The connection between the components is flange connection.

7. A method for using the knot-type temporary blocking ball throwing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Before the fracturing operation, open the main valve 2 (3), the main valve 1 (6), the bypass valve 1 (11) and the bypass valve 2 (13) on the high-pressure manifold, and close the pressure relief valve (7); B. After the high-pressure manifold passes the pressure test, close the main valve 1 (6) and the bypass valve 1 (11), open the pressure relief valve (7), discharge the pressure test working fluid to the collection device (8), and then close the pressure relief valve (7); C. Open the short section cover (1), install the specifications and quantity of the temporary plugging balls required for the first ball throwing according to the temporary plugging process design, and the temporary plugging balls fall into the manifold space above the main valve 1 (6). Close the main valve 2 (3) and the bypass valve 2 (13), install the specifications and quantity of the temporary plugging balls required for the second ball throwing, and the temporary plugging balls fall into the manifold space above the main valve 2 (3), and then install the short section cover (1); D. Start fracturing and perform pumping construction according to the design. When the first ball injection is required, open the main valve 1 (6) and the bypass valve 1 (11). The bypass manifold fluid circulation pushes the temporary plugging ball in the manifold above the main valve 1 (6) so that all of the balls fall into the fracturing fluid main pipeline (10) at once and enter the wellbore. Then close the bypass valve 1 (11) and the main valve 1 (6) and continue the pumping construction according to the design. E. During construction, the pressure relief valve (7) is opened to discharge the working fluid used for the first ball throwing into the collection device (8), the pressure relief valve (7) is closed, the main valve 2 (3) is opened, and the knotted temporary blocking ball required for the second ball throwing in the manifold space above the main valve 2 (3) falls into the manifold space above the main valve 1 (6), and preparations for the second ball throwing are made; F. When the second ball injection is required, the main valve 1 (6), the bypass valve 1 (11) and the bypass valve 2 (13) are opened, and the liquid circulation in the bypass manifold pushes the temporary blocking ball in the manifold above the main valve 1 (6), so that all of them fall into the fracturing fluid main pipeline (10) at one time and enter the wellbore.

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