Horizontal-pushing fan-shaped combined steering method for inclined coal seam strip mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal pushing and fan-shaped combined steering method for an inclined coal seam strip mine. The horizontal pushing and fan-shaped combined steering method comprises the five steps of cross-region slope expansion, horizontal pushing and yield keeping, fan-shaped linkage, new region preparation and backfilling and leveling. According to the method, the horizontal pushing production protection and the fan-shaped linkage are synchronously carried out in the shallow coal seam and the deep coal seam respectively, so that the stripping ratio is effectively balanced, and sudden increase of the stripping ratio is avoided; the working procedures such as horizontal pushing yield keeping, fan-shaped linkage and new district preparation are closely linked, so that an effective working line of the strip mine in the steering period is ensured, and the continuity of mine yield is ensured; the dumping site can conduct dumping along with advancing of the working procedure, and the problem that the dumping space is insufficient is solved; the fan-shaped linkage released goaf is minimum, so that a large amount of long-distance transportation of stripped materials at the end stage of the scheme is effectively avoided; all stages of the scheme are constructed in different areas of the strip mine, so that the safety management problem caused by excessive concentration of equipment is avoided; according to the scheme, the advantages of traditional right-angle steering and fan-shaped steering are integrally combined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a horizontal push steering method for an open-pit mine, in particular to a horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering method for an open-pit mine in an inclined coal seam. Background Art

[0002] ‌In an open-pit coal mine with inclined coal seams, the depths of adjacent mining areas are different. During the mining process from the shallow mining area to the deep mining area, the following problems will occur: first, the stripping ratio changes rapidly, and the greater the inclination of the coal seam, the greater the difference in stripping ratio, which increases the requirements for equipment capacity and reduces mining efficiency. Second, there is insufficient space for soil discharge. The goaf of the shallow mining area is shallow and has limited capacity. As the working line continues to advance to the depth, the amount of stripping will increase rapidly, and there is no place to discard the excess stripping material. Third, the mining output decreases, and the increased stripping workload will reduce mining efficiency, affecting the mining capacity of the mine. There are two traditional steering methods: right-angle steering and fan-shaped steering. Right-angle steering is too rigid in the conversion process. Although it can guarantee the output, it will aggravate problem one. At the same time, it will aggravate problem two in the early stage of steering, and suddenly release a lot of space in the later stage of steering, resulting in space waste. Although fan-shaped steering can deal with problems one and two relatively well, the effective working line is insufficient during the entire steering process, and the mine output is easily affected. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering method for an inclined coal seam open-pit mine, which can balance the stripping ratio, ensure the mine output, and ensure the space for dumping soil.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for horizontal push fan-shaped joint steering in an inclined coal seam open-pit mine, including five steps of cross-area expansion, horizontal push production protection, fan-shaped linkage, new area preparation and backfilling and leveling; Cross-area wall expansion: The range of the old mining area that is several years away from the bottom boundary of the old mining area is divided into a turning area. When the stripping work line of the old mining area advances to the boundary of the turning area, the end wall close to the internal boundary of the old mining area begins to expand toward the new mining area, gradually forming a wall expansion work line. The wall expansion work line continues to advance to the external boundary of the new mining area, and the coal seam steps below the wall expansion work line are followed and advanced to the external boundary of the new mining area; the wall expansion work line crosses the new mining area and the turning area at the same time. The end wall of the wall expansion work line located in the new mining area is the end wall of the new mining area, and the end wall located in the turning area is the end wall of the turning area of ​​the new mining area; Pushing horizontally to ensure production: During the cross-area expansion process, the stripping line of the old mining area continues to advance toward the turning area along the original advancement direction, and the coal mining line below the stripping line of the old mining area continues to follow up. At this time, the lowest step of the spoil dump maintains the minimum pit bottom width distance with the lowest step of the coal mining line, and maintains a distance of 50m from the lowest step of the end wall of the old mining area close to the internal boundary of the old mining area, and follows up the spoil dump; Fan-shaped linkage: In the process of horizontal pushing to ensure production, the intersection point of the end wall of the turning area of ​​the new mining area and the outer boundary of the new mining area is used as the turning circle center, and the end wall of the turning area of ​​the new mining area rotates from the inner boundary of the old mining area to the outer boundary of the new mining area in a fan-shaped manner to form a rotating work line, and the coal mining work at the bottom is continuously followed up; during the fan-shaped rotation and advancement of the end wall of the turning area of ​​the new mining area, the lowest step of the spoil dump in the old mining area and the lowest step of the rotating work line and the lowest step of the end wall of the new mining area all maintain the minimum pit bottom width distance, and follow up the spoil dump in a triangular shape to form a triangular spoil dump until the fan-shaped rotation process is completed; Preparation for the new area: When there is time T left before the completion of the fan-shaped linkage, the end wall of the new mining area begins to expand and form a new mining area stripping work line. The coal seam steps of the lower layer are simultaneously expanded and deployed to form a new mining area mining work line. The preparation for the new area is completed; Backfilling and leveling: After the preparation of the new area is completed, the mining line in the new mining area begins to advance coal production. At this time, the stripping materials are first discharged into the goaf released when the fan-shaped linkage is completed and leveled.

[0005] Furthermore, the turning area is the range of the three-year advancement distance from the old mining area to the bottom boundary of the old mining area.

[0006] Furthermore, the minimum pit bottom width distance between the lowest step of the spoil dump and the lowest step of the coal mining working line is 50m.

[0007] Furthermore, the lowest step of the spoil dump in the old mining area is kept 50m away from the lowest step of the rotating working line and the lowest step of the end wall of the new mining area.

[0008] Furthermore, the old mining area is located in a shallow position of the coal seam, and the new mining area is located in a deep position of the coal seam.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the horizontal push production protection and fan-shaped linkage of the present invention are carried out simultaneously in the shallow coal seam and the deep coal seam respectively, which effectively balances the stripping ratio and avoids the sudden increase of the stripping ratio; the close connection of the processes such as horizontal push production protection, fan-shaped linkage and new area preparation ensures the effective working line of the open-pit mine during the turning period and ensures the continuity of the mine output; the spoil dump can follow up the spoil discharge as the process progresses, avoiding the problem of insufficient spoil discharge space; the goaf released by the fan-shaped linkage is the smallest, which effectively avoids the large-scale long-distance transportation of stripped materials at the end of the plan; each stage of the plan is constructed in different areas of the open-pit mine, avoiding the safety management problems caused by the transitional concentration of equipment; the overall plan combines the advantages of traditional right-angle turning and fan-shaped turning, and at the same time effectively overcomes the situation of insufficient space in the early stage of right-angle turning and waste of space in the later stage, and overcomes the problem of insufficient effective working line during fan-shaped turning. It is an economical, reasonable, simple to operate and effective open-pit mine turning method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the initial stage of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of coal seam distribution according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal push production protection and fan-shaped linkage of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fan-shaped linkage of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of mining recovery and backfilling leveling of the present invention; In the figure: 1- old mining area; 2- new mining area; 3- coal seam; 4- bottom boundary of old mining area; 5- turning area; 6- stripping work line of old mining area; 7- internal boundary of old mining area; 8- wall expansion work line; 9- external boundary of new mining area; 10- end wall of new mining area; 11- end wall of turning area of ​​new mining area; 12- coal mining working line; 13- spoil dump; 14- center of turning circle; 15- bottom boundary of new mining area; 16- triangular spoil dump; 17- stripping work line of new mining area; 18- mining work line of new mining area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0012] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0013] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, including five steps: cross-area expansion, flat push to ensure production, fan-shaped linkage, new area preparation and backfilling and leveling; the old mining area 1 is the mining area currently being mined, and the new mining area 2 is adjacent to and parallel to the old mining area 1, and is the mining area to be mined after the turn. Figure 2 As shown, the old mining area 1 is located in the shallow part of the coal seam 3, and the new mining area 2 is located in the deep part of the coal seam 3.

[0014] Cross-region expansion: The range of several years' advancement distance of the old mining area 1 from the bottom boundary 4 of the old mining area is divided into the turning area 5. Generally, the construction period of the turning project is about 3 years. Therefore, the range of three years' advancement distance of the old mining area 1 from the bottom boundary 4 of the old mining area is generally divided into the turning area 5. If the mining conditions are special, a reasonable value can be determined according to the actual construction period. When the stripping work line 6 of the old mining area is advanced to the boundary of the turning area 5, the end wall close to the internal boundary 7 of the old mining area begins to expand toward the new mining area 2, gradually forming an expansion work line 8. The expansion work line 8 continues to advance to the external boundary 9 of the new mining area, and the coal seam step below the expansion work line 8 is followed and advanced to the external boundary 9 of the new mining area. At this time, in the new mining area 2, the expansion work line 8 crosses the new mining area 2 and the turning area 5 at the same time. The end wall of the expansion work line 8 located in the new mining area 2 is the new mining area end wall 10, and the end wall located in the turning area 5 is the new mining area turning area end wall 11. The new mining area end wall 10 and the new mining area turning area end wall 11 are the starting points of subsequent processes.

[0015] Flat push to ensure production: During the cross-area expansion process, the stripping line 6 of the old mining area continues to advance toward the turning area 5 along the original advancement direction, and the coal mining line 12 below the stripping line 6 of the old mining area continues to follow up. At this time, the lowest step of the spoil dump 13 maintains the minimum pit bottom width distance with the lowest step of the coal mining line 12, which is generally 50m, and maintains a distance of 50m from the lowest step of the side wall of the old mining area 1 close to the internal boundary 7 of the old mining area, and follows up the spoiling. In this step, no adjustment is made to the stripping and coal mining processes, and the mining area is located in the shallow coal seam 3, so it can ensure that the mine output is not affected, and the spoil dump 13 can follow up normally without affecting the spoiling work.

[0016] Fan-shaped linkage: During the process of horizontal pushing to ensure production, the intersection point of the end wall 11 of the turning area of ​​the new mining area and the outer boundary 9 of the new mining area is used as the turning center 14, and the end wall 11 of the turning area of ​​the new mining area is fan-shapedly rotated from the inner boundary 7 of the old mining area to the outer boundary 9 of the new mining area to form a rotating working line, and the coal mining work at the lower part is continuously followed up; during the fan-shaped rotation advancement process, the rotating working line is successively limited by the inner boundary 7 of the old mining area, the bottom boundary 15 of the new mining area, and the outer boundary 9 of the new mining area, until it is finally parallel to the outer boundary 9 of the new mining area, at which time the fan-shaped rotation advancement is completed.

[0017] During the fan-shaped rotation and advancement of the end wall 11 of the turning area of ​​the new mining area, the lowest step of the spoil dump 13 in the old mining area 1 and the lowest step of the rotating working line and the lowest step of the end wall 10 of the new mining area all maintain the minimum pit bottom width distance, which is generally 50m. The spoil is followed up in a triangular shape to form a triangular spoil dump 16 until the fan-shaped rotation process is completed.

[0018] The horizontal push production protection step is carried out before the fan-shaped linkage and has a shallow burial depth and simple process, so it will be completed before the fan-shaped linkage step. When the horizontal push production protection is completed, the spoil dump 13 is 50m away from it, and the drainage space in this area is released. At this time, the steering working line is rotating toward the deeper layer of the coal seam 3, and the amount of stripping material gradually increases. The released space is just used for soil discharge, which balances the mining and drainage space and avoids the situation where there is no place to discharge the stripping material.

[0019] New District Preparation: When there is time T left before the fan-shaped linkage is completed, the end wall 10 of the new mining area begins to expand and form the new mining area stripping work line 17, and the lower coal seam steps are synchronously expanded and deployed to form the new mining area mining work line 18, and the new area is ready; the preparation time for the new area is T, that is, the time for the fan-shaped rotation and advancement to be completed is the time for the new mining area to complete the expansion and start normal mining, which realizes the seamless connection of the two processes and ensures that the mine output is not affected.

[0020] Backfill and leveling: After the preparation of the new area is completed, the mining line 18 of the new mining area begins to advance coal production. At this time, the stripping materials are preferentially discharged into the goaf area released when the fan-shaped linkage is completed and leveled to achieve the integrity of the spoil dump and avoid the goaf area from causing danger to the environment. The close connection between the preparation of the new area and the fan-shaped linkage makes the goaf area released by the fan-shaped linkage the smallest, and the amount of material required for backfilling is the smallest, which effectively avoids the large-scale long-distance transportation of stripping materials.

[0021] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0022] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any slight modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering in an inclined coal seam open-pit mine, characterized in that: It includes five steps: cross-area expansion, flat push to ensure production, fan-shaped linkage, new area preparation and backfilling and leveling; Cross-region expansion: The range of the old mining area (1) that is several years away from the bottom boundary (4) of the old mining area is divided into a turning area (5). When the stripping work line (6) of the old mining area is advanced to the boundary of the turning area (5), the end wall close to the inner boundary (7) of the old mining area begins to expand toward the new mining area (2), gradually forming an expansion work line (8). The expansion work line (8) continues to advance to the outer boundary (9) of the new mining area, and the coal seam step below the expansion work line (8) is also advanced to the outer boundary (9) of the new mining area. The expansion work line (8) crosses the new mining area (2) and the turning area (5) at the same time. The end wall of the expansion work line (8) located in the new mining area (2) is the end wall of the new mining area (10), and the end wall located in the turning area (5) is the end wall of the turning area of ​​the new mining area (11). Flat push to ensure production: During the cross-area expansion process, the stripping line (6) of the old mining area continues to advance toward the turning area (5) along the original advancement direction, and the coal mining line (12) below the stripping line (6) of the old mining area continues to follow. At this time, the lowest step of the spoil dump (13) maintains a minimum pit bottom width distance from the lowest step of the coal mining line (12), and maintains a distance of 50m from the lowest step of the side wall of the old mining area (1) close to the internal boundary (7) of the old mining area, and follows the spoil dump; Fan-shaped linkage: In the process of horizontal pushing to ensure production, the intersection point of the end wall (11) of the turning area of ​​the new mining area and the outer boundary (9) of the new mining area is used as the turning circle center (14), and the end wall (11) of the turning area of ​​the new mining area is rotated and pushed forward from the inner boundary (7) of the old mining area to the outer boundary (9) of the new mining area to form a rotating working line, and the coal mining work at the bottom is continuously followed up; During the fan-shaped rotation and advancement process of the end wall (11) of the new mining area turning area, the lowest step of the dump (13) in the old mining area (1) maintains a minimum pit bottom width distance from the lowest step of the rotating working line and the lowest step of the end wall (10) of the new mining area, and dumps soil in a triangular shape to form a triangular dump (16) until the fan-shaped rotation process is completed; New District Preparation: When there is time T left before the fan-shaped linkage is completed, the new mining area end wall (10) begins to expand and form a new mining area stripping work line (17), and the coal seam steps in the lower layer are simultaneously expanded and deployed to form a new mining area mining work line (18), and the new area is ready; Backfill and leveling: After the preparation of the new area is completed, the mining line (18) of the new mining area begins to advance coal production. At this time, the stripping materials are first discharged into the goaf released when the fan-shaped linkage is completed and leveled.

2. The method for horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering in an inclined coal seam open-pit mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The turning area (5) is the range of the three-year advancement distance between the old mining area (1) and the bottom boundary (4) of the old mining area.

3. The method for horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering in an inclined coal seam open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum pit bottom width distance between the lowest step of the spoil dump (13) and the lowest step of the coal mining working line (12) is 50m.

4. The method for horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering in an inclined coal seam open-pit mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lowest step of the spoil dump (13) of the old mining area is kept at a distance of 50m from the lowest step of the rotary working line and the lowest step of the end wall (10) of the new mining area.

5. The method for horizontal push fan-shaped combined steering in an inclined coal seam open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The old mining area (1) is located at a shallow position of the coal seam (3), and the new mining area (2) is located at a deep position of the coal seam (3).

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