Device and method for observing large deformation settlement in deep water area of dam

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dam settlement observation, and particularly relates to a dam deepwater area large deformation settlement observation device and method.The dam deepwater area large deformation settlement observation device comprises a main rod, and a floating assembly is arranged on the outer ring of the main rod; the floating assembly comprises a main body assembly and an additional assembly; and the bottom sinking assembly comprises a machine body assembly and a fixing assembly, and a detection assembly is arranged at the top of the machine body assembly. The overall length of the device can be adjusted according to the depth of a water area, the machine body assembly can rapidly sink into the water bottom, the machine body assembly can be rapidly fixed after sinking into the water bottom, energy can be supplied to the machine body assembly through an energy supply part of the additionally-installed assembly, the current water level is detected in real time, the applicability is improved, and the practicability is high. The water pressure of the current position of the machine body assembly can be detected in real time, the current water depth is speculated according to the water pressure, the surface of the detection assembly can be cleaned, and it is prevented that sludge accumulation affects normal use of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dam settlement observation, and in particular relates to a device and method for observing large deformation and settlement of a dam in a deep water area. Background Art

[0002] As an important water conservancy project facility, dams play a vital role in flood control, irrigation, power generation, etc. However, dams are subject to the influence of various factors such as water pressure, temperature changes and geological changes for a long time. Especially in deep water areas, the foundation and structure of dams are prone to large deformation and settlement, which poses a serious threat to the safe operation of dams. Therefore, accurate and real-time monitoring of deformation and settlement in deep water areas of dams is a necessary means to ensure the safe and stable operation of dams.

[0003] First of all, existing deep-water sinking devices are usually large in size and complex in structure, and require the use of professional diving equipment for underwater installation, which not only increases the installation cost, but also greatly prolongs the installation period and reduces work efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of energy supply, most of the existing deep-water settlement devices rely on external power supplies, which not only requires the laying of complex underwater cables, increasing the complexity and cost of the project, but also the long-term underwater operation of the cables is prone to corrosion and damage, resulting in unstable power supply, affecting the continuity and accuracy of the observation data. For deep-water areas of dams far from the shore, access to external power supplies is even more difficult, limiting the layout of settlement observation devices.

[0005] Finally, in terms of real-time monitoring, although most existing settlement observation devices have water level detection functions, they can only simply measure the height changes of the water surface, but cannot directly reflect the changes in the depth position of the device underwater. This is obviously not enough for safety monitoring that requires accurate grasp of the deformation and settlement of the deep water area of ​​the dam. At the same time, due to the large changes in water pressure in deep water areas, traditional detection methods often find it difficult to accurately determine the actual depth position of the device, thus affecting the accuracy and reliability of the observation data. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large deformation and settlement observation device and method for a dam in deep water areas, which can adjust the overall length of the device according to the depth of the water area, and enable the body component to sink to the bottom of the water quickly, and quickly fix the body component after it sinks to the bottom of the water. It can also supply energy to the body component by adding an energy supply component to the component, and detect the current water level in real time to improve applicability. It can also detect the water pressure at the current position of the body component in real time, and infer the current water depth based on the water pressure. It can also clean the surface of the detection component to prevent silt accumulation from affecting the normal use of the device.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A large deformation and settlement observation device for a dam in deep water area, comprising: a main rod, the outer ring of which is provided with a floating assembly;

[0009] A floating assembly, the floating assembly comprising a main assembly, an additional assembly being arranged inside the main assembly;

[0010] A sinking assembly, the sinking assembly comprising a body assembly arranged on the outer ring of the main rod, a fixing assembly being arranged at the bottom of the body assembly, and a detection assembly being arranged at the top of the body assembly;

[0011] Wherein, after the main rod is inserted into the water, the floating component and the sinking component are both sleeved on the outer ring of the main rod;

[0012] The body assembly drives the sinking assembly to descend as a whole during installation, and after descending to the bottom, it is positioned and fixed by the fixing assembly, and the detection assembly is used to detect the current water pressure;

[0013] The main body component is used to ensure the floating component floats, and the additional component is used to detect the water level and supply energy to the device.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the main rod includes a support rod, the bottom of the support rod is fixedly connected with a spike, the top of the support rod is contactingly connected with a growth rod, the top of the support rod is fixedly connected with a screw rod, the top end of the screw rod is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the growth rod, the inner cavity of the growth rod is movably sleeved with a nut, and the inner ring of the nut is threadedly connected to the outer ring of the screw rod.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the main body component includes a floating plate movably sleeved on the outer ring of the support rod, the inner ring of the floating plate is hinged with a lifting wheel, the outer ring of the lifting wheel is contact-connected in the groove of the outer ring of the support rod, and the bottom outer ring of the floating plate is fixedly connected with an airbag.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the additional component includes a photovoltaic panel fixedly mounted on the left side of the top surface of the floating board, the bottom surface of the floating board is electrically connected to a waterproof cable, scale lines are provided in the outer ring grooves of the support rods and the growth rods, and a camera is fixedly mounted in the inner cavity of the floating board, and the shooting direction of the camera is toward the scale lines.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the body assembly includes a bottom plate movably sleeved on the bottom of the outer ring of the support rod, the inner cavity of the bottom plate is hinged with driving wheels on both the front and rear sides, the left top end of the driving wheel is fixedly connected with a gear, the inner cavity of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a first motor, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected with a gear ring group, the front outer ring of the gear ring group is meshed with the outer ring of the gear located on the rear side, and the rear outer ring of the gear ring group is meshed with a chain, and the other end of the chain is meshed with the outer ring of the gear located on the front side.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the fixing assembly includes legs fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom plate, the bottom outer ring of the leg is rotatably connected to a rotating tube, the bottom end of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to a drill bit, the outer ring of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to a spiral sheet, the middle part of the inner cavity of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to a sealing rod, the sealing rod is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the leg, the inner cavity of the leg is fixedly connected to a second motor, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the sealing rod.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the detection component includes a waterproof box fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate, the top inner ring of the waterproof box is fixedly connected to an elastic sleeve, the middle part of the bottom surface of the elastic sleeve is fixedly connected to a lifting rod, the outer ring of the lifting rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the waterproof box, the inner cavity of the bottom plate is fixedly installed with an electric push rod, the electric push rod is arranged below the lifting rod, the inner cavity of the waterproof box is fixedly installed with an infrared lamp in the area on the right side of the lifting rod, the inner cavity of the waterproof box is fixedly installed with a receiver in the area on the left side of the lifting rod, the lifting rod is located between the infrared lamp and the receiver, the right side of the inner cavity of the waterproof box is fixedly connected to a third motor, the output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected to a rotating frame, and the top and bottom surfaces of the rotating frame are fixedly connected to scratch strips.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom end of the waterproof cable is electrically connected to the bottom plate, and a GPS, a level meter, and a displacement sensor are installed in the bottom plate.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, a disc is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the top end of the lifting rod, and the disc is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bottom surface of the elastic sleeve.

[0022] A method for observing large deformation and settlement in a deep water area of ​​a dam, which is applicable to any of the above-mentioned large deformation and settlement observation devices in a deep water area of ​​a dam for observation operations, comprises:

[0023] S1: Place support poles in different areas of the deep water area, add appropriate amount of growth poles on the top of the support poles and insert them into the bottom of the deep water area, then put the bottom plate and floating plate on its outer ring. At this time, the bottom plate sinks due to gravity, while the floating plate floats on the water surface through the air bag;

[0024] S2: When the bottom plate drops to a certain position, it will be suspended due to the internal cavity. At this time, the first motor drives the two sets of driving wheels through the gear ring group to make the bottom plate drop to the bottom of the deep water area. At the same time, the second motor drives the rotating tube to rotate, and the bottom plate is fixed in the bottom soil of the deep water area by using the drill bit and spiral blades.

[0025] S3: The elastic sleeve is extended downward by the water pressure and pushes the lifting rod down. At this time, part of the light from the infrared lamp to the receiver is blocked, and the depth of the lifting rod is obtained. The water pressure at this time is calculated by the depth, and the water depth of the device is obtained. The current position is located by the GPS, level meter and displacement sensor inside the bottom plate;

[0026] S4: Photovoltaic panels generate electricity through sunlight and continuously transmit it to the bottom plate through waterproof cables. If the position, depth and water pressure of the bottom plate change, a signal will be immediately sent to the surrounding workbenches to warn them to avoid settlement, large deformation, etc.; to prevent the accumulation of silt in the water from affecting the elongation of the elastic sleeve, within a certain period of time, the electric push rod will push the lifting rod and the elastic sleeve up until the elastic sleeve bulges outward, and then the third motor drives the scratch bar to rotate to scrape and clean the silt on the outer circle of the elastic sleeve.

[0027] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0028] The main rod and the sinking assembly of the present invention can adjust the overall length of the device according to the depth of the water area, and the body assembly can sink to the bottom of the water quickly; when installing the device, the main body of the main rod can be equipped with additional accessories to increase its overall length, so that it is convenient to insert into the soil at the bottom of the deep water area, and then the body assembly is sleeved on the outer ring of the main body of the main rod. At this time, the driving part of the body assembly will drive the body assembly to descend and quickly sink to the bottom of the deep water area, so as to achieve the bottom exploration of the deep water area and facilitate subsequent observation;

[0029] The fixing component and the floating component of the present invention can be quickly fixed after the body component sinks to the bottom of the water, and the body component can be powered by the power supply component of the additional component, and the current water level can be detected in real time, thereby improving applicability; when the body component sinks to the bottom of the water, the driving part of the fixing component will drive its drilling part to rotate, and drill the ground with the assistance of the kinetic energy of the sinking body component, so that the body component can be fixed at the bottom of the deep water area, preventing the device from being displaced and affecting the accuracy of the detection, and the power supply component of the additional component will transmit electricity to the body component to ensure its normal operation. At this time, the floating component is integrally sleeved on the outer ring of the main rod and moves up and down by the buoyancy of the water surface. At this time, the current water level of the water surface can be detected by observing the main rod and the detection component in the additional component, thereby facilitating water level detection and long-term autonomous power supply use of the device, thereby improving applicability;

[0030] The detection component of the present invention can detect the water pressure of the current position of the body component in real time, and infer the current water depth based on the water pressure. At the same time, it can also clean its surface to prevent silt accumulation from affecting the normal use of the device. After the body component sinks to the bottom of the water, the elastic part of the detection component will be stretched inward by the pressure of the water pressure, and push the moving part of the detection component to move. The water pressure on the elastic part is judged according to the moving distance, and the depth of the device is judged according to the water pressure. After long-term use, when silt accumulates on the surface of the elastic part, the lifting part of the detection component will push its moving part to rise until the elastic part bulges outward. Then the driving part of the detection component rotates to drive its cleaning part to move, and the elastic part and the surface of the detection component can be cleaned to prevent silt accumulation from affecting the normal use of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main rod in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the splitting of the support rod and the growth rod in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main components of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the additional components in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the body components in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing assembly in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fixing assembly in the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the driving wheel in the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear set in the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detection component in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the waterproof box in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scratch strip in the present invention.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0045] 10. Main rod; 11. Support rod; 12. Spike; 13. Extension rod; 14. Screw rod; 15. Nut; 20. Floating assembly;

[0046] 21. Main component; 211. Floating board; 212. Lifting wheel; 213. Airbag; 22. Additional components; 221. Photovoltaic panel;

[0047] 222. Waterproof cable; 223. Graduation line; 224. Camera; 30. Sinking assembly; 31. Body assembly; 311. Bottom plate; 312. Driving wheel; 313. Gear; 314. First motor; 315. Gear ring assembly; 316. Chain; 32. Fixing assembly; 321. Leg; 322. Rotating tube; 323. Drill bit; 324. Spiral sheet; 325. Sealing rod; 326. Second motor; 33. Detection assembly; 331. Waterproof box; 332. Elastic sleeve; 333. Lifting rod; 334. Electric push rod; 335. Infrared ray lamp; 336. Receiver; 337. Third motor; 338. Rotating frame; 339. Scratch strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0051] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Please refer to the attached Figures 1 to 13As shown, it is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a large deformation settlement observation device for a dam in deep water area, comprising a main rod 10, and a floating assembly 20 is arranged on the outer ring of the main rod 10;

[0054] The floating assembly 20 includes a main assembly 21, and an additional assembly 22 is arranged inside the main assembly 21;

[0055] The sinking assembly 30 includes a body assembly 31 disposed on the outer ring of the main rod 10, a fixing assembly 32 is disposed at the bottom of the body assembly 31, and a detection assembly 33 is disposed at the top of the body assembly 31;

[0056] After the main rod 10 is inserted into the water, the floating assembly 20 and the sinking assembly 30 are both sleeved on the outer ring of the main rod 10;

[0057] The body component 31 drives the sinking component 30 to descend as a whole during installation, and after descending to the bottom, it is positioned and fixed by the fixing component 32, and the detection component 33 is used to detect the current water pressure;

[0058] The main component 21 is used to ensure the floating component 20 floats, and the additional component 22 is used to detect the water level and supply energy to the device.

[0059] In this embodiment, during installation, the main body of the main pole 10 is increased in length according to the depth of the water area, and then the body component 31 and the floating component 20 are sleeved on the outer ring of the main pole 10. At this time, the body component 31 descends and sinks to the bottom of the water, and is tightly connected to the bottom of the water through the fixing component 32 to prevent the displacement of the device in the unstable environment of the deep water area. At this time, the elastic part of the detection component 33 is deformed under the action of water pressure, and this deformation is converted into an electrical signal through the internal mechanical structure to detect the water pressure currently borne by the device to determine the water depth. In addition, the detection component 33 is also equipped with a cleaning mechanism that can regularly clean silt to ensure the accuracy of measurement. In the daily use of the device, the additional component 22 generates electricity through light, which ensures long-term autonomous energy supply, and can detect the current water level in real time, improving the stability and reliability of the device. In this way, the deformation and settlement of the deep water area of ​​the dam can be monitored in real time, providing important data support for the safe operation of the dam.

[0060] Next, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The main rod 10 includes a support rod 11, a spike 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support rod 11, a growth rod 13 is contacted and connected to the top of the support rod 11, a screw rod 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 11, the top of the screw rod 14 is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the growth rod 13, a nut 15 is movably sleeved in the inner cavity of the growth rod 13, and the inner ring of the nut 15 is threadedly connected to the outer ring of the screw rod 14.

[0061] It should be noted that the outer circles of the support rod 11 and the growth rod 13 are provided with grooves, which are intended to limit the range of movement of the main component 21 and the body component 31 through the grooves to ensure stability.

[0062] In this embodiment, before installing the device, the extension rod 13 is connected to the support rod 11 according to the water depth, and the connection stability is ensured by the cooperation of the screw rod 14 and the nut 15, so that the total length of the main rod 10 can be adjusted according to the water depth to adapt to waters of different depths. Then the support rod 11 and the spike head 12 are inserted into the bottom of the water and fixed.

[0063] Next, please refer to Figures 4 to 6 The main body component 21 includes a floating plate 211 movably sleeved on the outer ring of the support rod 11, the inner ring of the floating plate 211 is hinged with a lifting wheel 212, the outer ring of the lifting wheel 212 is contact-connected in the groove of the outer ring of the support rod 11, and the bottom outer ring of the floating plate 211 is fixedly connected with an air bag 213;

[0064] The additional component 22 includes a photovoltaic panel 221 fixedly installed on the left side of the top surface of the floating board 211, the bottom surface of the floating board 211 is electrically connected to a waterproof cable 222, scale lines 223 are opened in the outer circle grooves of the support rod 11 and the growth rod 13, and a camera 224 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the floating board 211, and the shooting direction of the camera 224 is toward the scale lines 223.

[0065] It should be noted that the floating board 211 has built-in batteries and communication equipment (not shown in the figure), and the communication equipment is electrically connected to the waterproof cable 222, aiming to use the photovoltaic panel 221 to generate electricity and store energy, and use the communication equipment to transmit signals to the outside in real time.

[0066] In this embodiment, in daily use, the floating board 211 uses the airbag 213 to float on the water surface, and automatically rises and falls according to the change of the water level to maintain the stability of the device. The photovoltaic panel 221 generates electricity under sunlight to provide continuous power support for the device. The camera 224 can monitor the water level changes in real time by viewing the scale line 223, and transmit the image data to the control center through the communication equipment for further analysis and processing. Through the collaborative work of these components, the deformation and settlement of the deep water area of ​​the dam can be monitored in real time, ensuring the safety and stability of the dam.

[0067] Next, please refer to Figures 6 to 10The body assembly 31 includes a bottom plate 311 movably sleeved on the bottom of the outer ring of the support rod 11, and a driving wheel 312 is hinged on both the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the bottom plate 311, and a gear 313 is fixedly connected to the left top of the driving wheel 312. A first motor 314 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the bottom plate 311, and a gear ring group 315 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 314. The front outer ring of the gear ring group 315 is meshed with the outer ring of the gear 313 located at the rear side, and the rear outer ring of the gear ring group 315 is meshed with a chain 316, and the other end of the chain 316 is meshed with the outer ring of the gear 313 located at the front side;

[0068] The fixing assembly 32 includes a support leg 321 fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 311, the bottom outer ring of the support leg 321 is rotatably connected to a rotating tube 322, the bottom end of the rotating tube 322 is fixedly connected to a drill bit 323, the outer ring of the rotating tube 322 is fixedly connected to a spiral sheet 324, the middle part of the inner cavity of the rotating tube 322 is fixedly connected to a sealing rod 325, the sealing rod 325 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the support leg 321, the inner cavity of the support leg 321 is fixedly connected to a second motor 326, and the output shaft of the second motor 326 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing rod 325;

[0069] The bottom end of the waterproof cable 222 is electrically connected to the bottom plate 311 , and the bottom plate 311 is installed with a GPS, a level meter, and a displacement sensor.

[0070] It should be noted that the parts where the driving wheel 312 and the sealing rod 325 are installed are both provided with high-strength sealed bearings to prevent water from penetrating into the device and affecting the use of the internal electrical appliances;

[0071] The outer rings of the electrical components inside the bottom plate 311 are all provided with high-strength waterproof shells to prevent water seepage inside the device from affecting its use.

[0072] In this embodiment, during installation, the bottom plate 311 is sleeved on the outer ring of the support rod 11, and then the bottom plate 311 sinks due to gravity. After reaching a certain depth, due to the cavity inside the bottom plate 311, it is suspended at a certain depth position. At this time, the first motor 314 drives the gear ring group 315 to rotate, and drives the gear 313 through the chain 316, so that the driving wheel 312 rolls on the outer ring of the support rod 11, so that the bottom plate 311 descends to the bottom of the water. When the bottom plate 311 contacts the bottom of the water, the rotating tube 322 rotates under the drive of the second motor 326, the drill bit 323 drills into the bottom of the water, and the spiral piece 324 rotates accordingly, and the bottom plate 311 is tightly connected to the bottom of the water to ensure the stability of the device. At the same time, the sealing rod 325 rotates in the inner cavity of the leg 321 to ensure the sealing of the leg 321 and prevent water from infiltrating. GPS, level meter, displacement sensor and other equipment collect data in the bottom plate 311, and transmit it to the communication equipment on the floating plate 211 through the waterproof cable 222, and then the communication equipment sends the data to the control center in real time. Through the cooperation of these precise mechanical structures and electronic equipment, the deformation and settlement of the deep water area of ​​the dam can be accurately monitored, providing reliable technical support for the safe operation of the dam.

[0073] Please refer again Figures 11 to 13 The detection component 33 includes a waterproof box 331 fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 311, an elastic sleeve 332 is fixedly connected to the top inner ring of the waterproof box 331, a lifting rod 333 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the elastic sleeve 332, an outer ring of the lifting rod 333 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the waterproof box 331, an electric push rod 334 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the bottom plate 311, and the electric push rod 334 is arranged below the lifting rod 333, an infrared ray lamp 335 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the waterproof box 331 in the area on the right side of the lifting rod 333, a receiver 336 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the waterproof box 331 in the area on the left side of the lifting rod 333, and the lifting rod 333 is located between the infrared ray lamp 335 and the receiver 336, a third motor 337 is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner cavity of the waterproof box 331, a rotating frame 338 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 337, and a scratch strip 339 is fixedly connected to the top and bottom surface of the rotating frame 338;

[0074] A disc is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the top end of the lifting rod 333 , and the disc is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bottom surface of the elastic sleeve 332 .

[0075] It should be noted that the receiver 336 is a device for receiving the signal output of the infrared ray lamp 335, and is intended to determine the depth of the descent of the lifting rod 333 according to the number and position of the signal of the infrared ray lamp 335 received by the receiver 336, so as to determine the water pressure strength of the elastic sleeve 332;

[0076] The scratch strip 339 is made of rubber material. When cleaning, the scratch strip 339 can be folded and scratched on the outer circle of the raised elastic sleeve 332 to avoid the rotation of the scratch strip 339 being affected by the raised elastic sleeve 332.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the device is at the bottom of the water, the elastic sleeve 332 will be squeezed by the water pressure, causing the air inside it to be compressed. As the water pressure increases, the elastic sleeve 332 is gradually compressed, thereby pushing the lifting rod 333 to move downward. The infrared rays emitted by the infrared ray lamp 335 are received by the receiver 336. According to the strength and position of the signal, the descent depth of the lifting rod 333 can be accurately calculated, and then the water pressure change at the bottom of the water can be calculated. If a large amount of silt accumulates in the elastic sleeve 332, affecting the use of the device, the electric push rod 334 will push the lifting rod 333 and the elastic sleeve 332 upward until the elastic sleeve 332 bulges upward. At this time, the third motor 337 drives the rotating frame 338 to rotate, and the scratch bar 339 rotates accordingly to clean the sediment that may accumulate on the surface of the elastic sleeve 332 to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. Through the coordinated work of these components, the water pressure changes in the deep water area of ​​the dam can be monitored in real time, providing important data support for the safe operation of the dam.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] A method for observing large deformation and settlement in a deep water area of ​​a dam, which is applicable to any of the above-mentioned large deformation and settlement observation devices in a deep water area of ​​a dam for observation operations, comprises:

[0080] S1: Place support rods 11 in different areas of the deep water area, add a suitable amount of growth rods 13 on the top of the support rods 11 and insert them into the bottom of the deep water area, then put the bottom plate 311 and the floating plate 211 on its outer ring, at this time, the bottom plate 311 sinks due to gravity, and the floating plate 211 floats on the water surface through the airbag 213;

[0081] S2: After the bottom plate 311 drops to a certain position, it will be suspended due to the internal cavity. At this time, the first motor 314 drives the two sets of driving wheels 312 to operate through the gear ring set 315, so that the bottom plate 311 drops to the bottom of the deep water area. At the same time, the second motor 326 drives the rotating tube 322 to rotate, and the bottom plate 311 is fixed in the bottom soil of the deep water area by using the drill bit 323 and the spiral sheet 324;

[0082] S3: The elastic sleeve 332 is extended downward by the water pressure and pushes the lifting rod 333 downward. At this time, part of the light from the infrared ray lamp 335 to the receiver 336 is blocked, and the depth of the lifting rod 333 is obtained. The water pressure at this time is calculated by the depth, and the water depth of the device is obtained. The current position is located by the GPS, level meter and displacement sensor inside the bottom plate 311;

[0083] S4: The photovoltaic panel 221 generates electricity through sunlight and continuously transmits it to the bottom plate 311 through the waterproof cable 222. If the position, depth and water pressure of the bottom plate 311 change, a signal is immediately sent to the surrounding workbenches to warn them to avoid settlement, large deformation, etc.; in order to prevent the accumulation of silt in the water from affecting the elongation of the elastic sleeve 332, within a certain period of time, the electric push rod 334 will push the lifting rod 333 and the elastic sleeve 332 to rise until the elastic sleeve 332 bulges outward, and then the third motor 337 drives the scratch strip 339 to rotate to scratch and clean the silt on the outer circle of the elastic sleeve 332.

[0084] In this embodiment, when the device is disassembled, the spiral piece 324 can be driven to rotate in the opposite direction to push the bottom plate 311 upward until the soil under the water is pulled out, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and replacement;

[0085] During use, multiple sets of devices can be installed in deep water areas to form a large-area data network at the bottom of the deep water area, so that when deformation or settlement occurs, the area and scope of the settlement can be quickly determined.

[0086] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: before installing the device, the growth rod 13 is connected to the support rod 11 according to the water depth, and the connection stability is ensured by the cooperation of the screw rod 14 and the nut 15, and then the support rod 11 and the spike head 12 are inserted into the bottom of the water for fixing. The bottom plate 311 is put on the outer ring of the support rod 11, and then the bottom plate 311 sinks due to gravity. The first motor 314 drives the gear ring group 315 to rotate, and drives the gear 313 through the chain 316, so that the driving wheel 312 rolls on the outer ring of the support rod 11, so that the bottom plate 311 descends to the bottom of the water. Then the rotating tube 322 rotates under the drive of the second motor 326, the drill bit 323 drills into the bottom of the water, and the spiral piece 324 rotates accordingly, and the bottom plate 311 is tightly connected to the bottom of the water to ensure the stability of the device. GPS, level meter, displacement sensor and other equipment collect data in the bottom plate 311, and transmit it to the communication equipment on the floating board 211 through the waterproof cable 222, and then the communication equipment sends the data to the control center in real time. In daily use, the floating board 211 uses the airbag 213 to float on the water surface, and automatically rises and falls according to the change of water level to maintain the stability of the device. The photovoltaic panel 221 generates electricity under sunlight to provide continuous power support for the device. The camera 224 can monitor the water level change in real time by viewing the scale line 223, and transmit the image data to the control center through the communication equipment for further analysis and processing.

[0087] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A large deformation and settlement observation device for a dam in deep water area, characterized by: include: A main rod (10), wherein the outer ring of the main rod (10) is provided with a floating assembly (20); A floating assembly (20), the floating assembly (20) comprising a main assembly (21), wherein an additional assembly (22) is arranged inside the main assembly (21); A sinking assembly (30), the sinking assembly (30) comprising a body assembly (31) arranged on the outer ring of the main rod (10), a fixing assembly (32) being arranged at the bottom of the body assembly (31), and a detection assembly (33) being arranged at the top of the body assembly (31); Wherein, after the main rod (10) is inserted into the water, the floating component (20) and the sinking component (30) are both sleeved on the outer ring of the main rod (10); The body component (31) drives the entire bottom sinking component (30) to descend during installation, and after descending to the bottom, it is positioned and fixed by the fixing component (32), and the detection component (33) is used to detect the current water pressure; The main body component (21) is used to ensure the floating component (20) floats, and the additional component (22) is used to detect the water level and supply energy to the device.

2. The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main rod (10) comprises a support rod (11), the bottom of the support rod (11) is fixedly connected with a spike (12), the top of the support rod (11) is contact-connected with a growth rod (13), the top of the support rod (11) is fixedly connected with a screw rod (14), the top end of the screw rod (14) is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the growth rod (13), the inner cavity of the growth rod (13) is movably sleeved with a nut (15), and the inner ring of the nut (15) is threadedly connected to the outer ring of the screw rod (14).

3. The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to claim 2 is characterized by: The main body component (21) comprises a floating plate (211) movably sleeved on the outer ring of the support rod (11); the inner ring of the floating plate (211) is hinged with a lifting wheel (212); the outer ring of the lifting wheel (212) is contact-connected in a groove of the outer ring of the support rod (11); and the bottom outer ring of the floating plate (211) is fixedly connected with an air bag (213).

4. The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to claim 3 is characterized by: The additional assembly (22) comprises a photovoltaic panel (221) fixedly mounted on the left side of the top surface of the floating board (211); the bottom surface of the floating board (211) is electrically connected to a waterproof cable (222); scale lines (223) are provided in the outer grooves of the support rod (11) and the extension rod (13); a camera (224) is fixedly mounted in the inner cavity of the floating board (211); and the shooting direction of the camera (224) faces the scale lines (223).

5. The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to claim 4 is characterized by: The body assembly (31) comprises a bottom plate (311) movably sleeved on the bottom of the outer ring of the support rod (11); the inner cavity of the bottom plate (311) is hinged with a driving wheel (312) on both the front and rear sides; the left top of the driving wheel (312) is fixedly connected with a gear (313); the inner cavity of the bottom plate (311) is fixedly connected with a first motor (314); the output shaft of the first motor (314) is fixedly connected with a gear ring group (315); the front outer ring of the gear ring group (315) is meshed with the outer ring of the gear (313) located at the rear side, and the rear outer ring of the gear ring group (315) is meshed with a chain (316); the other end of the chain (316) is meshed with the outer ring of the gear (313) located at the front side.

6. The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to claim 5 is characterized by: The fixing assembly (32) comprises a support leg (321) fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom plate (311); the bottom outer ring of the support leg (321) is rotatably connected to a rotating tube (322); the bottom end of the rotating tube (322) is fixedly connected to a drill bit (323); the outer ring of the rotating tube (322) is fixedly connected to a spiral sheet (324); the middle part of the inner cavity of the rotating tube (322) is fixedly connected to a sealing rod (325); the sealing rod (325) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the support leg (321); the inner cavity of the support leg (321) is fixedly connected to a second motor (326); and the output shaft of the second motor (326) is fixedly connected to the top end of the sealing rod (325).

7. The large deformation and settlement observation device for a dam in deep water area according to claim 5 is characterized by: The detection assembly (33) comprises a waterproof box (331) fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (311); the top inner ring of the waterproof box (331) is fixedly connected to an elastic sleeve (332); the middle part of the bottom surface of the elastic sleeve (332) is fixedly connected to a lifting rod (333); the outer ring of the lifting rod (333) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the waterproof box (331); the inner cavity of the bottom plate (311) is fixedly installed with an electric push rod (334); the electric push rod (334) is arranged below the lifting rod (333); the inner cavity of the waterproof box (331) is in the lifting position; An infrared ray lamp (335) is fixedly installed in the area on the right side of the lowering rod (333); a receiver (336) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the waterproof box (331) in the area on the left side of the lifting rod (333); the lifting rod (333) is located between the infrared ray lamp (335) and the receiver (336); a third motor (337) is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner cavity of the waterproof box (331); a rotating frame (338) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor (337); and a scratch strip (339) is fixedly connected to the top and bottom surfaces of the rotating frame (338).

8. The large deformation and settlement observation device for a dam in deep water area according to claim 5 is characterized by: The bottom end of the waterproof cable (222) is electrically connected to the bottom plate (311), and the bottom plate (311) is installed with a GPS, a level meter, and a displacement sensor.

9. The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to claim 7 is characterized by: The top outer ring of the lifting rod (333) is fixedly connected with a disc, and the disc is fixedly connected to the middle part of the bottom surface of the elastic sleeve (332).

10. A method for observing large deformation and settlement of a dam in deep water, characterized by: The large deformation and settlement observation device for deep water areas of dams according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for observation operations, comprising: S1: supporting rods (11) are placed in different areas of the deep water area, and a suitable amount of growth rods (13) are added to the top of the supporting rods (11) and inserted into the bottom of the deep water area, and then the bottom plate (311) and the floating plate (211) are put on the outer ring thereof, at which time the bottom plate (311) sinks due to the influence of gravity, while the floating plate (211) floats on the water surface through the airbag (213); S2: After the bottom plate (311) descends to a certain position, it will be suspended due to the internal cavity. At this time, the first motor (314) drives the two sets of driving wheels (312) to operate through the gear ring group (315), so that the bottom plate (311) descends to the bottom of the deep water area. At the same time, the second motor (326) drives the rotating tube (322) to rotate, and the bottom plate (311) is fixed in the bottom soil of the deep water area by using the drill bit (323) and the spiral sheet (324); S3: The elastic sleeve (332) is extended downward under the influence of the water pressure and pushes the lifting rod (333) to descend. At this time, part of the light emitted by the infrared ray lamp (335) to the receiver (336) is blocked, and the depth of the descent of the lifting rod (333) is obtained. The water pressure at this time is calculated by the depth, and the water depth of the device is obtained. The current position is located by the GPS, level meter, and displacement sensor inside the bottom plate (311); S4: The photovoltaic panel (221) generates electricity through sunlight and continuously transmits it to the bottom plate (311) through the waterproof cable (222). If the position, depth and water pressure of the bottom plate (311) change, a signal is immediately sent to the surrounding workbenches to warn them to avoid settlement, large deformation and the like. In order to prevent the accumulation of silt in the water from affecting the elongation of the elastic sleeve (332), within a certain period of time, the electric push rod (334) will push the lifting rod (333) and the elastic sleeve (332) to rise until the elastic sleeve (332) bulges outward, and then the third motor (337) drives the scratch strip (339) to rotate, so as to scrape and clean the silt on the outer circle of the elastic sleeve (332).

Images