Device and method for testing tunnel deformation caused by underground water level change and vibration

Abstract

The invention provides a test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by underground water level change and vibration, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering monitoring. The tunnel model structure is arranged in the model box; the sensors are respectively arranged inside and outside the tunnel model structure and at different soil layer positions; the water injection end of the water injection and return assembly is close to two sides of the upper part of the model box, and the water return end is close to the lower parts of two sides of the model box and is used for injecting water and returning water into the model box; and the vibration exciter vibrates at different time intervals in the tunnel model structure according to a specified vibration frequency. According to the test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by underground water level change and vibration provided by the invention, the tunnel deformation can be monitored in all directions, the stress change of a soil layer can be analyzed, and the influence of the underground water level change and vibration on the overall deformation of a tunnel structure can be accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground engineering monitoring, and in particular relates to a test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by underground water level fluctuation and vibration. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, underground transportation construction has become an important part of modern urban development. In underground tunnel projects, tunnels are easily affected by factors such as groundwater level changes, excavation and construction of surrounding sites, and vehicle vibration, which cause deformation of the surrounding soil and thus cause tunnel structure safety problems. For example, when the groundwater level rises rapidly, some tunnels will float locally, causing deformation of the entire tunnel. It may also cause problems such as tunnel settlement, cracking, and leakage, affecting the safety and quality of tunnel projects. Therefore, accurate prediction of tunnel deformation is crucial to the safety and stability of tunnel projects. High-intensity vibration loads can easily cause deformation of the tunnel bottom that exceeds the specification limit, causing damage to the tunnel bottom structure and threatening the safe operation of the tunnel. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately describe the impact of train vibration loads on the deformation of the tunnel bottom structure.

[0003] In the field of geotechnical engineering, model testing is an important research method. It overcomes the limitations of indoor testing on specimen size, test conditions, etc. to a certain extent, and can roughly restore the construction process of the project site in proportion. Therefore, its test results are more authentic and more intuitive. However, in existing studies, most scholars only conduct buoyancy model tests on simple underground structures, and do not consider the changing law of the displacement field of the soil around the underground structure with the floating of the groundwater level.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve all-round monitoring of tunnel deformation and accurately evaluate the impact of groundwater level changes and train vibrations on the overall deformation of the tunnel structure is an issue that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level changes and vibrations, aiming to solve the technical problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level change and vibration, comprising: Model box; A tunnel model structure is arranged in the model box; Sensors are arranged inside and outside the tunnel model structure and at different soil layer positions; A water injection and return assembly, wherein the water injection end is arranged near the upper two sides of the model box, and the water return end is arranged near the lower two sides of the model box, and is used for injecting water into and returning water to the inside of the model box; The vibration exciter vibrates the tunnel model structure at different time intervals according to a specified vibration frequency.

[0007] Preferably, the model box comprises: The model box body is provided with a receiving cavity; A driving assembly, used for driving the tunnel model structure to move in an up-and-down direction relative to the accommodating cavity; A handle is connected to the driving assembly; the model box body is driven to change in spatial position by the handle.

[0008] Preferably, the driving assembly comprises: A screw rod structure body connected to the model box body; A movable body connected to the screw rod structure body through a threaded structure; A driving motor, used to drive the screw structure body to produce operation; When the main body of the screw rod structure is in operation, the movable body can rotate in the up and down directions; and the movable body is detachably connected to the handle.

[0009] Preferably, the model box body includes a main body and a cover body, and a second accommodating groove is provided on one end face of the main body; the cover body is used to cover the second accommodating groove; the driving component moves to drive part of the handle structure to be in close contact with the cover body.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a connecting rod and a driving wheel connected to the model box body; the driving wheel is connected to one end of the connecting rod away from the model box body; the length of the connecting rod is variable.

[0011] Preferably, the mold box further comprises a tool storage box connected to the lower end of the mold box body, and the tool storage box comprises: The box body has an open end at the upper end; An adjustment structure, detachably connected to the model box body; The cover body is detachably connected to the opening end, and a receiving space is provided inside the cover body for receiving tools.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment structure comprises a crossbeam, and a connecting portion is provided on the crossbeam.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes: A screw rod, used for detachably connecting with the cover body; A spring has one end detachably connected to the connecting portion and the other end detachably connected to the screw rod.

[0014] The test method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration is based on the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as described above, and comprises the following steps: Test the whole body of the model box for water leakage. Lay the soil layer in the main body of the test model box; and place the tunnel model structure; Installing crossbeams and displacement sensors on the main body of the model box, and fixing the tunnel model structure; After the soil layer in the main body of the model box is filled, the sand cushion layer is moistened first, and then the uniformity of the water level rise is ensured. When the water completely covers the depth of the soil covering the tunnel, it is left to stand for 1 hour; the data is recorded and the soil layer is photographed. The outlet valve is opened at rest to drain the water in the main body of the model box, and then it rises to the original position again; the data is recorded and the soil layer is photographed; every time the water level rises to a certain height, it is left to stand for 1 hour, and then the vibrator is turned on for testing.

[0015] Preferably, laying a soil layer in the detection model box body includes: First, use sand and gravel to adjust the water pipe so that two water holes are opened at intervals of 5 cm in the horizontal direction to simulate the water inflow and outflow at the horizontal layer; Then the first layer of soil was laid using sand from the study area, and compaction was performed during the laying process; After the soil layer is backfilled and compacted, use the ring knife to take samples evenly within the compacted range. A tunnel model structure is placed at a certain distance from the bottom of the box at the height of the sand, and a level is used to confirm the setting posture of the tunnel model structure.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided by the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided by the present invention are: It can realize all-round monitoring of tunnel deformation, analyze the stress changes of soil layers, and accurately evaluate the impact of groundwater level changes and vibrations on the overall deformation of tunnel structures. Specifically, it solves the problem that small-scale tunnel models cannot effectively apply vibration loads caused by train travel in tunnels. Vibrators are placed along the tunnel model structure to continuously change the frequency over time. According to the experimental results of numerical simulation, different sensors are buried inside and outside the tunnel model structure and in different soil layers, which can monitor the deformation of the tunnel model structure and soil layers in real time, accurately and continuously. The groundwater level changes are simulated by the water injection and return component, and the water pump and valve are adjusted to control the water level and injection speed. The tunnel deformation under different groundwater levels and seepage speeds is simulated to make the test results more realistic and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided by an embodiment of the present invention without the cover part; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a driving assembly used in a test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a box body used in a test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cover body used in a test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection state of the crossbeam and the connection part used in the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection state of the screw and the connection part used in the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of another test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Fig.11 For along Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the structure with AA as the cross-section.

[0019] In the figure: 1. model box; 11. model box body; 12. drive assembly; 121. screw rod structure body; 122. movable body; 123. drive motor; 124. bolt; 13. handle; 2. tunnel model structure; 3. sensor; 4. water injection and return assembly; 5. exciter; 6. connection part; 61. third through hole; 62. limiting groove; 7. tool storage box; 71. box body; 72. adjustment structure; 721. crossbeam; 73. cover body; 731. cover part; 732. cover body connection part; 733. upper body; 734. buffer structure layer; 735. storage groove; 8. walking assembly; 81. connecting rod; 82. driving wheel; 9. spring; 10. screw rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level changes and vibrations provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0023] Please also read Figures 1 to 11, the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level change and vibration provided by the present invention is now described. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level change and vibration comprises: a model box 1, a tunnel model structure 2, a sensor 3, a water injection and return water component 4 and an exciter 5. The tunnel model structure 2 is arranged in the model box 1; the sensor 3 is arranged inside, outside and at different soil layer positions of the tunnel model structure 2; the water injection end of the water injection and return water component 4 is arranged near the upper two sides of the model box 1, and the return water end is arranged near the lower two sides of the model box 1, which is used for injecting water and returning water into the model box 1; the exciter 5 vibrates at different time intervals in the tunnel model structure 2 according to the specified vibration frequency.

[0024] In some feasible embodiments, the sand and soil part of the model box 1 is layered according to the designed soil layer distribution using standard sand from Fujian Province, and the part where the tunnel is located is filled with soil samples collected on site. The tunnel model structure 2 is cast as a whole, and circular steel wires are installed at intervals as reinforcement. The tunnel model structure 2 runs from the visual surface to the opposite surface, and the two ends are tightly combined with the two ends of the model box 1. Different sensors 3 are buried inside and outside the tunnel model structure 2 and in different soil layer positions, which can monitor the deformation of the tunnel model structure 2 and the soil layer in real time, accurately and continuously. The groundwater level changes are simulated by the water injection and return component 4, and the water level and water injection speed are controlled by adjusting the water pump and valve to simulate the tunnel deformation under different groundwater levels and seepage speeds, so that the test results are more realistic and reliable.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The model box 1 includes: a model box body 11, a driving component 12 and a handle 13; the model box body 11 is provided with a accommodating cavity; the driving component 12 is used to drive the tunnel model structure 2 to move in the up and down directions relative to the accommodating cavity; the handle 13 is connected to the driving component 12; the model box body 11 is driven to change in spatial position through the handle 13.

[0026] In any achievable embodiment, the driving assembly 12 includes: a screw structure body 121, a movable body 122 and a driving motor 123. The screw structure body 121 is connected to the model box body 11; the movable body 122 is connected to the screw structure body 121 through a threaded structure; when the screw structure body 121 is in operation, the movable body 122 can rotate in the up and down direction; the movable body 122 is detachably connected to the handle 13. The driving motor 123 is used to drive the screw structure body 121 to operate.

[0027] In any feasible embodiment, the handle 13 is a belt body, and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the belt body; a first through hole for the belt body to pass through is provided on the movable body 122; a bolt 124 is connected to the movable body 122 through a threaded structure, and one end of the bolt 124 can penetrate into the first through hole. When the bolt 124 is inserted into the first through hole and the connecting hole at the same time, the connection posture of the handle 13 and the movable body 122 can be locked.

[0028] The driving assembly 12 can be connected to the tunnel model structure 2 and drive the tunnel model structure 2 to move. It is convenient to separate the tunnel model structure 2 from the soil layer and to facilitate cleaning after the experiment is completed. The model box body 11 includes a main body and a cover body, and a second receiving groove is provided on one end face of the main body. The cover body is used to cover the second receiving groove. The movement of the driving assembly 12 can also drive part of the structure of the handle 13 to be in close contact with the cover body, thereby ensuring the firmness of the connection between the cover body and the main body, that is, the belt body can lock the connection between the cover body and the main body.

[0029] In another feasible embodiment, a second through hole is provided on the sliding block. The belt body includes a belt body and a limiting ring connected to both ends of the belt body. Specifically, one end of the belt body and one end of the limiting ring are detachably connected to a first limiting ring, and the other end of the belt body is detachably connected to the other end of the limiting ring.

[0030] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The device also includes a walking assembly 8, a connecting rod 81 connected to the model box body 11, and a driving wheel 82 connected to the end of the connecting rod 81 away from the model box body 11. The length of the connecting rod 81 is variable. The connecting rod 81 drives the model box body 11 to move in the up and down direction. The driving wheel 82 is set to drive the model box body 11 to move on a plane.

[0031] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 81 is an electric telescopic rod body, one end of which is connected to the bottom surface of the model box body 11, and the other end is connected to the driving wheel 82. Specifically, the model box body 11 is a rectangular box body, and a group of connecting rods 81 are respectively provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the rectangular box body.

[0032] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The device also includes a tool accommodating box 7 connected to the lower end of the model box body 11, and the tool accommodating box 7 includes: a box body 71, an adjustment structure 72 and a cover body 73. The upper end of the box body 71 is an open end for accommodating sand and gravel; the adjustment structure 72 is detachably connected to the model box body 11; the cover body 73 is detachably connected to the open end, and a accommodating space is provided inside the cover body 73, and the accommodating space is used to accommodate tools.

[0033] In any feasible embodiment, the cover body 73 includes: a cover part 731, a cover body connecting part 732, an upper body 733 and a buffer structure layer 734. The cross-sectional shape of the cover part 731 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the opening end of the box body 71; the cover body connecting part 732 is connected to the cover part 731; the upper body 733 is detachably connected to one end of the cover body connecting part 732 away from the cover part 731; the buffer structure layer 734 is arranged in the cover part 731; and a plurality of receiving grooves 735 are arranged on the buffer structure layer 734. The shapes of the receiving grooves 735 are respectively adapted to the shapes of the filter screen sleeve, the level assembly, the crossbeam, the sleeve, the collector and the osmometer.

[0034] For some possible embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The adjustment structure 72 includes a crossbeam 721, on which a connection portion 6 is provided; the connection portion 6 includes a third through hole 61; the connection portion 6 also includes a limiting groove 62; the spring 9 is adapted to the limiting groove 62; the screw 10 is detachably connected to the cover 73; one end of the screw 10 can pass through the third through hole 61. One end of the spring 9 is detachably connected to the connection portion 6, and the other end is detachably connected to the screw 10. The upper end surface of the upper body 733 is provided with a threaded hole adapted to a section of the screw 10.

[0035] The test method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration is based on the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as described above, and comprises the following steps: Step S1, testing the model box 1 as a whole to check whether the model box body 11 is leaking and whether the water outlet stop valve is flexible.

[0036] After the water test, drain the remaining water in the model box body 11, install the water diversion pipe, and check whether the water diversion pipe is flowing smoothly.

[0037] Lay a filter cover on the upper surface of the water diversion pipe. The filter cover is a 300-mesh nylon wire mesh and is tied tightly with a tie.

[0038] Using the layered filling method, the weight of each layer of soil samples is calculated based on the density of the original soil layer, and the required weight of the soil samples is prepared.

[0039] Step S2: laying a soil layer in the detection model box body 11; and placing the tunnel model structure 2.

[0040] First, use sand and gravel (whose density is relatively smaller than that of the sand and soil in the study area) to adjust the water pipe so that two water holes are opened at intervals of 5 cm in the horizontal direction to simulate the water inflow and outflow in the horizontal layer.

[0041] Then the first layer of soil is laid using sand from the study area and compacted during the laying process to ensure uniform compaction density.

[0042] After the backfill and compaction of the soil layer is completed, use a ring knife to take samples evenly within the compaction range, with a minimum of 3 sampling groups, to measure indicators such as the density, permeability coefficient and shear strength of the compacted soil layer.

[0043] To control the uniformity of the backfill soil, if the density of the soil layer is too low, it will be further compacted. If the density exceeds the set value, it will be excavated and refilled to ensure the uniformity of each layer. The backfill soil density is required to be controlled within 1%; and the holes excavated by the ring cutter are refilled and compacted.

[0044] Each sand layer is 10 cm thick. After being compacted evenly, dyed sand is evenly spread between each sand layer, and pore water pressure sensors and soil pressure sensors are laid, and the above steps are repeated.

[0045] Before manual compaction, the fill soil should be leveled first, starting from the four sides and then compacting the middle.

[0046] The tunnel model structure 2 is placed when the height of the sand is 30 cm from the bottom of the box, and the setting posture of the tunnel model structure 2 is confirmed using a level.

[0047] The stratum where the tunnel model structure 2 is located is paved with sand and gravel with a thickness of 10 cm and evenly compacted, and dyed sand is evenly spread between each layer. The rest of the soil layers are all sand.

[0048] The thickness of the soil layer above the tunnel model structure 2 is 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm respectively.

[0049] Step S3: Install the crossbeam 721 on the model box body 11, install the displacement sensor, and fix the tunnel model structure 2.

[0050] Pore ​​water pressure gauges, earth pressure gauges and strain gauges are evenly installed on the tunnel model structure 2.

[0051] Place all outgoing wires in the casing and place the casing vertically. Install a collector at the end of each line. If the line distance is not enough, the shielded wire needs to be extended.

[0052] Before the computer software is tested, the sensitivity time interval is set, and data is collected after stabilization to check the accuracy of the data.

[0053] Before burying the piezometer of the pore water pressure sensor, the piezometer needs to be numbered and placed in a container filled with clean water for 24 hours to make it completely saturated, and a 300-mesh nylon mesh is wrapped at the probe position to reduce the impact of impurities on the sensor.

[0054] The soil pressure sensor should be coated with 0.1mm thick glue and then wrapped with a layer of 300 mesh nylon mesh to reduce the impact of sand on the soil pressure sensor.

[0055] Step S5, when the soil layer in the model box body 11 is filled, first moisten the sand cushion layer, then gradually add water to the water tanks on both sides to ensure the uniformity of the water level rise. When the water completely covers the depth of the soil covering the tunnel, let it stand for 1 hour. Record the data and take pictures of the soil layer. Open the water outlet valve at rest, drain the water in the model box body 11, and then rise to the original position again. Record the data and take pictures of the soil layer. Every time the water level rises to a certain height, stand still for 1 hour, turn on the vibrator, and take different vibration frequencies for testing.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level changes and vibrations provided by the present invention can realize all-round monitoring of tunnel deformation, analyze the stress changes of the soil layer, and accurately evaluate the influence of groundwater level changes and vibrations on the overall deformation of the tunnel structure. Specifically, the problem that the small-scale tunnel model cannot effectively apply the vibration load of train running in the tunnel is solved. By placing an exciter 5 along the tunnel model structure 2, the frequency is continuously changed over time. According to the experimental results of numerical simulation, different sensors 3 are buried inside and outside the tunnel model structure 2 and at different soil layer positions, which can monitor the deformation of the tunnel model structure 2 and the soil layer in real time, accurately and continuously. The groundwater level changes are simulated by the water injection and return component 4, and the water pump and valve are adjusted to control the water level and the water injection speed, and the tunnel deformation under different groundwater levels and seepage speeds is simulated, so that the test results are more real and reliable.

[0057] The above is a detailed introduction to the test device and method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level changes and vibrations provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for general technicians in this field, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration, characterized in that: include: Model box (1); A tunnel model structure (2) is arranged in the model box (1); Sensors (3) are arranged inside and outside the tunnel model structure (2) and at different soil layer locations; A water injection and return assembly (4), wherein the water injection end is arranged near both sides of the upper part of the model box (1), and the water return end is arranged near both sides of the lower part of the model box (1), and is used for injecting water into and returning water to the interior of the model box (1); The vibration exciter (5) vibrates at different time intervals in the tunnel model structure (2) according to a specified vibration frequency.

2. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The model box (1) comprises: A model box body (11) is provided with a receiving cavity; A driving assembly (12) used to drive the tunnel model structure (2) to move in an up-and-down direction relative to the accommodating cavity; A handle (13) is connected to the driving assembly (12); the model box body (11) is driven to change its spatial position through the handle (13).

3. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly (12) comprises: A screw rod structure body (121) connected to the model box body (11); A movable body (122) connected to the screw rod structure body (121) via a threaded structure; A driving motor (123) for driving the screw rod structure body (121) to perform operation; When the screw rod structure main body (121) is in operation, the movable body (122) can rotate in an up-and-down direction; the movable body (122) is detachably connected to the handle (13).

4. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The model box body (11) comprises a main body portion and a cover portion, wherein one end surface of the main body portion is provided with a second receiving groove; the cover portion is used to cover the second receiving groove; the driving component (12) moves to drive a part of the structure of the handle (13) to be in close contact with the cover portion.

5. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a connecting rod (81) and a driving wheel (82) connected to the model box body (11); the driving wheel (82) is connected to an end of the connecting rod (81) facing away from the model box body (11); and the length of the connecting rod (81) is variable.

6. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a tool storage box (7) connected to the lower end of the model box body (11), and the tool storage box (7) includes: The box body (71) has an open upper end; An adjustment structure (72) detachably connected to the model box body (11); The cover body (73) is detachably connected to the opening end, and a receiving space is provided inside the cover body (73), and the receiving space is used to receive a tool.

7. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment structure (72) comprises a crossbeam (721), and a connecting portion (6) is provided on the crossbeam (721).

8. The test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A screw rod (10) used for being detachably connected to the cover body (73); A spring (9) has one end detachably connected to the connecting portion (6) and the other end detachably connected to the screw rod (10).

9. A test method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration, based on the test device for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration as described in any one of the above, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Conducting a water test on the model box body (11) as a whole to detect whether the model box body (11) is leaking. Laying a soil layer in the detection model box body (11); and placing the tunnel model structure (2); Installing a crossbeam (721) and a displacement sensor on the model box body (11), and fixing the tunnel model structure (2); After the soil layer in the model box body (11) is filled, the sand cushion layer is first moistened, and then the uniformity of the water level rise is ensured. When the water completely covers the depth of the soil covering the tunnel, it is left to stand for 1 hour; data is recorded and the soil layer is photographed; the water outlet valve is opened at rest to drain the water in the model box body (11), and then it is raised to the original position again; data is recorded and the soil layer is photographed; every time the water level rises to a certain height, it is left to stand for 1 hour, and then the vibration exciter (5) is turned on for testing.

10. The test method for tunnel deformation caused by groundwater level fluctuation and vibration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of laying a soil layer in the detection model box body (11) comprises: First, use sand and gravel to adjust the water pipe so that two water holes are opened at intervals of 5 cm in the horizontal direction to simulate the water inflow and outflow at the horizontal layer; Then the first layer of soil was laid using sand from the study area and compacted during the laying process; After the soil layer is backfilled and compacted, use the ring knife to take samples evenly within the compacted range. A tunnel model structure (2) is placed at a certain distance from the bottom of the box at the height of the sand, and a level is used to confirm the setting posture of the tunnel model structure (2).

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