Weak near-infrared signal detection device and method in gravitational wave detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a weak near-infrared signal detection device and method in gravitational wave detection, and solves the problems that for detection of extremely weak near-infrared signals, an existing detection method is easy to lose signals and is interfered by noise, and a detector is low in response rate in a near-infrared band, so that the detection precision is low. According to the invention, through a series-parallel connection combination mode, multi-stage gating gates are arranged. The optimal transmission path can be flexibly selected according to different transmission requirements, the data transmission efficiency and speed are improved, and the flexibility of the system is improved. Due to the cascade design of the multiple gating gates, the reliability of the system is improved, the failure rate of the system is reduced, and the stability and continuity of data transmission are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a signal detection device and method, and in particular to a weak near-infrared signal detection device and method for gravitational wave detection. Background Art

[0002] Near-infrared signals are a type of electromagnetic radiation wave with a long wavelength and low energy, which has important application value in the fields of medicine, biology and environmental monitoring. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, people's research on near-infrared detection technology has become more and more in-depth. In the research of near-infrared detection technology, the detection of extremely weak near-infrared signals is a key technology, which is of great significance in many fields.

[0003] Extremely weak near-infrared signal detection technology is widely used in the biomedical field in biological tissue imaging, biomolecule detection and disease diagnosis. Extremely weak near-infrared signal detection technology can accurately and efficiently obtain near-infrared detection information of biological tissues for research on tissue structure and function. By detecting near-infrared detection signals, quantitative analysis of biomolecules and in vivo imaging of biological tissues can be achieved, providing an important basis for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

[0004] The extremely weak near-infrared signal detection technology is of great significance for environmental monitoring and pollution control. In recent years, with the increasing severity of environmental pollution problems, people's demand for environmental monitoring and pollution control has become more and more urgent. The extremely weak near-infrared signal detection technology can monitor and analyze harmful substances in the environment in real time and accurately, providing important support for environmental monitoring and pollution control. Through the detection and analysis of near-infrared detection signals, it is possible to quickly monitor and trace harmful substances in the atmosphere, water bodies and soil, providing a scientific basis for environmental protection and pollution control.

[0005] The extremely weak near-infrared signal detection technology is of great significance to the research in the field of materials science and engineering. Near-infrared detection signal measurement technology is widely used in the fields of materials science and engineering in aspects such as material characterization, component analysis and performance evaluation. The extremely weak near-infrared signal detection technology can realize the precise analysis and evaluation of the structure, composition and properties of materials, providing important support for material design and engineering applications. Through the detection and analysis of near-infrared detection signals, a comprehensive understanding of the microstructure and macroscopic properties of materials can be achieved, providing a scientific basis for the research and development and application of materials.

[0006] Therefore, the detection of extremely weak near-infrared signals is of great significance in the fields of biomedicine, environmental monitoring and materials science. The development and application of this technology will provide important support for human life and health, environmental protection and sustainable development, material innovation and engineering progress. With the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of applications, the detection of extremely weak near-infrared band signals will show its great potential and value in more fields.

[0007] However, due to the extremely weak intensity of extremely weak near-infrared signals, their detection becomes a challenging task. First, near-infrared light is strongly scattered in the component, and the signal intensity decays rapidly. Secondly, noise interference will also affect the accurate detection of the signal. Due to the instability of the light source, environmental interference, and the noise of the instrument itself, the signal is often mixed with various noise components. Effective noise suppression of the signal is required to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. However, current detection equipment still has certain limitations in improving signal resolution and reducing noise interference.

[0008] Conventional methods to improve the detection accuracy of extremely weak near-infrared signals include: increasing the intensity of near-infrared signals to improve detection accuracy; adding filtering and amplification circuits to the system to build a filtering and amplification structure with the narrowest possible bandwidth to filter out noise and achieve the purpose of detecting signals. However, these conventional methods have problems such as signal loss and noise interference, resulting in low sensitivity and accuracy of signal detection; at the same time, the detector's response rate will drop sharply in the near-infrared band, the sensitivity will drop rapidly, detection will be more difficult and the detection accuracy will drop significantly, and when the target signal is extremely weak, detection will be even more difficult. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method that can effectively improve the detection accuracy of weak near-infrared signals. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing detection methods for extremely weak near-infrared signals are not only prone to signal loss and noise interference, but also have a low response rate of the detector in the near-infrared band, resulting in low detection accuracy.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A weak near-infrared signal detection device for gravitational wave detection, which is special in that it includes a gating unit, a control unit, a detector, a noise reduction processing unit and a processor;

[0012] The gating unit is arranged on the optical path of the incident light, and includes gating gate 1, gating gate 2, gating gate 3, gating gate 4, gating gate 5, and controllers a, b, c, d and e connected to gating gate 1, gating gate 2, gating gate 3, gating gate 4 and gating gate 5 respectively;

[0013] The control unit includes a central processing unit and a signal transceiver module connected to each other; the signal transceiver module is also connected to controller a, controller b, controller c, controller d and controller e respectively; the central processing unit outputs a corresponding gate action signal; the signal transceiver module is used to send and receive the gate action signal;

[0014] The detection end of the detector corresponds to the output ends of gate 1, gate 2, gate 3, gate 4 and gate 5 respectively, and the output ends are connected to the noise reduction processing unit and the processor in sequence; the detector is used to detect the gate action signal passing through gate 1, gate 2, gate 3, gate 4 and / or gate 5;

[0015] The noise reduction processing unit is used to perform noise reduction processing on the signal detected by the detector;

[0016] The processor is used for receiving the detection signal after noise reduction processing.

[0017] Furthermore, the selection unit also includes a modulation circuit a connected between the controller a and the signal transceiver module, a modulation circuit b connected between the controller b and the signal transceiver module, a modulation circuit c connected between the controller c and the signal transceiver module, a modulation circuit d connected between the controller d and the signal transceiver module, and a modulation circuit e connected between the controller e and the signal transceiver module.

[0018] Further, the noise reduction processing unit includes an amplifier, a noise reducer and a filter connected in sequence;

[0019] The input end of the amplifier is connected to the output end of the detector;

[0020] The output terminal of the filter is connected to the input terminal of the processor.

[0021] A method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection, using the above-mentioned weak near-infrared signal detection device in gravitational wave detection, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Determine the initial parameters T, ΔT and weight w of each gate; where T = 2ΔT, error distribution weight w a >w b ≥w c >w d ≥w e , and w a +w b +w c +w d +w e =1;

[0023] Step 2: Perform signal detection to obtain the detection signal S m , calculate the detection signal error E:

[0024] E=S m -S i

[0025] Where S i is an ideal signal;

[0026] Step 3: According to the priority of the gate and the current error size, the error E is weighted and distributed to each gate, and the error gradient is obtained as:

[0027] E a =w a ×E

[0028] E b =w b ×E

[0029] E c =w c ×E

[0030] E d =w d ×E

[0031] E e =w e ×E

[0032] Step 4: Based on the error gradient, calculate the partial derivative of the error of each gate with respect to the corresponding opening time. and the partial derivative of duration They are used as the gradient directions for updating the opening time and duration of each gate respectively;

[0033] Step 5: Based on the gradient direction, update the opening time and duration of each gate by the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, α is the attenuation factor, α is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1;

[0036] Step 6: Repeat steps 3 to 5 until the detection signal error E is reached. i+1 -E i <T, T is the preset threshold, then T i+1 and ΔT i+1 As the optimal opening time and duration of each gate.

[0037] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0038] 1. The present invention provides a weak near-infrared signal detection device and method for gravitational wave detection. Through the combination of series and parallel, multi-stage gate arrangement can flexibly select the best transmission path according to different transmission requirements, improve data transmission efficiency and speed, and improve system flexibility. The multi-gate cascade design improves the reliability of the system, reduces the system failure rate, and ensures the stability and continuity of data transmission.

[0039] 2. The present invention provides a device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection. The device innovatively designs multiple gates, and combines independent control and modulation circuits for each gate, which greatly improves the flexibility of signal processing. This design realizes time separation and signal decoupling during signal transmission. Multiple gates are used to control the entry of signals at different time points, and each gate can respond to a specific time window respectively. This not only avoids signal conflicts, but also effectively reduces the delay phenomenon that may occur during signal processing. At the same time, different gates correspond to different signal channels, and can independently control the transmission and detection of signals. This design ensures the independence of signals, allowing the system to process multiple signals from different sources or characteristics at the same time, thereby improving the detection efficiency and sensitivity of the overall system.

[0040] 3. In the method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection provided by the present invention, the opening time and duration of each gate can be dynamically adjusted according to the error of the detection signal to achieve adaptive detection. By optimizing and adjusting the opening time and duration of each gate, the system can dynamically correct the error during signal processing to ensure that the signal is as close to the ideal state as possible. This real-time correction mechanism can greatly reduce signal distortion. Since the intensity and characteristics of different signals are different, the dynamic adjustment of the gate ensures adaptability to non-uniform or drastically changing signals, especially in a noisy environment, it can still effectively detect weak signals.

[0041] 4. The method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection provided by the present invention distributes errors to different gates and gradually optimizes the opening and duration of the gates. It not only improves the convergence speed of the error, but also avoids the local minimum problem that may occur in traditional signal detection devices. Through the continuous updating of the error, the opening and duration of the gate gradually approach the optimal state. Each error iteration can make the system closer to the capture state of the ideal signal, making the signal processing more stable. Since the system performs a global weighted distribution of the error each time, the error will not be limited to a certain gate. This design ensures the global optimization capability of the error, avoids the local minimum problem that may be caused by the traditional method, and makes the system more robust.

[0042] 5. The signal-to-noise ratio problem is the main technical difficulty in the detection of weak near-infrared signals. The weak near-infrared signal detection device in gravitational wave detection provided by the present invention effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the system through a multi-stage noise reduction processing unit. The system first appropriately amplifies the signal through an amplifier, so that the signal is easier to distinguish and identify in subsequent processing links. Subsequently, the environmental noise and instrument noise are further reduced through the cascade processing of the noise reducer and the filter. Different types of noise are usually distributed in different frequency bands, and the filters in the system can selectively suppress noise in different frequency bands. In this way, the interference caused by high-frequency environmental noise and low-frequency light source instability can be effectively suppressed, and the purity and accuracy of the signal can be improved.

[0043] 6. Extreme environment adaptability in strong interference and dim environments. The detection of near-infrared signals is often carried out in complex or unstable environments, such as scenes with drastic temperature changes, dim light, or strong stray light interference. The weak near-infrared signal detection device for gravitational wave detection provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for signal detection in these harsh environments. The design of multiple signal processing significantly enhances the system's ability to suppress environmental interference and has strong anti-interference ability. Especially in extreme environments and environments with more optical noise, the system can still maintain a high detection accuracy.

[0044] 7. The present invention provides a device and method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection, which mainly adopts miniature advanced components to make the entire system miniaturized and efficient; by improving and optimizing the signal processing method, the efficiency and performance of multi-level gating are improved.

[0045] 8. The device and method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection provided by the present invention add a modulation circuit composed of circuit elements such as a buffer and an amplifier to the gated selection circuit to ensure accurate transmission and processing of the signal, while improving the quality of the signal and enhancing the performance of the circuit.

[0046] 9. The device and method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection provided by the present invention comprises a signal transceiver module that sends a selection signal to a controller corresponding to each selection gate, and simultaneously receives feedback signals from each selection gate. Through the feedback signal, the opening time and duration of the selection gate are optimized to achieve the optimal gating effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 is a distribution diagram of various gates in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 33 is a comparison diagram of test errors between the new method and the traditional method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure Number:

[0051] 1-incident light, 2-selection unit, 3-selection gate 1, 4-selection gate 2, 5-selection gate 3, 6-selection gate 4, 7-selection gate 5, 8-controller a, 9-controller b, 10-controller c, 11-controller d, 12-controller e, 13-modulation circuit a, 14-modulation circuit b, 15-modulation circuit c, 16-modulation circuit d, 17-modulation circuit e, 18-control unit, 19-central processing unit, 20-signal transceiver module, 21-detector, 22-noise reduction processing unit; 23-processor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a gating unit 2, a control unit 18, a detector 21, a noise reduction processing unit 22 and a processor 23.

[0054] The gating unit 2 includes a gating gate 1 3, a gating gate 2 4, a gating gate 3 5, a gating gate 4 6, a gating gate 5 7, and controllers a8, b9, c10, d11 and e12 respectively connected to the gating gate 1 3, the gating gate 2 4, the gating gate 3 5, the gating gate 4 6, and the gating gate 5 7; and also includes a modulation circuit a13 connected between the controller a8 and the signal transceiver module 20, a modulation circuit b14 connected between the controller b9 and the signal transceiver module 20, a modulation circuit c15 connected between the controller c10 and the signal transceiver module 20, a modulation circuit d16 connected between the controller d11 and the signal transceiver module 20, and a modulation circuit e17 connected between the controller e12 and the signal transceiver module 20.

[0055] The control unit 18 includes a central processing unit 19 and a signal transceiver module 20 which are interconnected; the signal transceiver module 20 is also respectively connected to controller a8, controller b9, controller c10, controller d11 and controller e12; the central processing unit 19 calculates the difference between the error between the detection signal and the ideal signal and the set threshold T, controls the corresponding gate action signal, and the signal transceiver module 20 is used to send and receive the gate action signal.

[0056] The detection ends of the detector 21 correspond to the output ends of the gate 1 3, the gate 2 4, the gate 3 5, the gate 4 6 and the gate 5 7 respectively, and the output ends are connected to the noise reduction processing unit and the processor in sequence; the detector 21 is used to detect the gate action signal passing through the gate 1 3, the gate 2 4, the gate 3 5, the gate 4 6 and / or the gate 5 7.

[0057] The noise reduction processing unit 22 includes an amplifier, a noise reducer and a filter connected in sequence; the input end of the amplifier is connected to the output end of the detector 21; the output end of the filter is connected to the input end of the processor 23. The noise reduction processing unit 22 is used to perform noise reduction processing on the signal detected by the detector 21.

[0058] The processor 23 is used to receive the detection signal after the noise reduction processing.

[0059] The steps of using the weak near-infrared signal detection device for gravitational wave detection to perform detection include:

[0060] 1. Error calculation

[0061] Detection signal S m ;

[0062] Ideal signal S i ;

[0063] The error is recorded as E = S m -S i .

[0064] 2. Adjust the gate parameters

[0065] Error distribution: Allocate the error to each gate and perform weighted distribution based on the priority of the gate and the current error size.

[0066] Gradient calculation: Based on the gradient of the error, calculate the direction and amplitude that each gate needs to adjust.

[0067] Parameter update: Update the opening time and duration of the gate according to the gradient direction and step size.

[0068] 3. Gradient calculation

[0069] The error distribution weight is: w a >wb ≥w c >w d ≥w e ;

[0070] E a =w a ×E;

[0071] E b =w b ×E;

[0072] E c =w c ×E;

[0073] E d =w d ×E;

[0074] E e =w e ×E;

[0075] Gradient calculation: Calculate the partial derivative of the error with respect to each gate opening time and duration to determine the adjustment direction.

[0076] 4. Parameter update

[0077] According to the gradient direction and step size, the gradient descent method is used to update the opening time and duration of the gate.

[0078] Update formula:

[0079]

[0080] Update T based on the above update formula a ,ΔT a ,T b ,ΔT b ,T c ,ΔT c ,T d ,ΔT d ,T e ,ΔT e .

[0081] Example:

[0082] 1. Initial gate parameters:

[0083] Pass gate 1: T a =10ms, ΔT a =5ms;

[0084] Pass gate 2: T b =20ms, ΔT b =10ms;

[0085] Pass gate three: T c =30ms, ΔT c =15ms;

[0086] Gate 4: T d =40ms, ΔT d =20ms;

[0087] Gate 5: T e =50ms, ΔT e =25ms;

[0088] Weight: w a =0.4, w b =0.2, w c =0.2, w d =0.1, w e =0.1; 2. Parameter calculation

[0089] Detection signal S m =1.1;

[0090] Error E = 0.1;

[0091] The threshold is set to T=0.05.

[0092] 3. Error allocation:

[0093] E a =0.4×0.1=0.04;

[0094] E b =0.2×0.1=0.02;

[0095] E c =0.2×0.1=0.02;

[0096] E d =0.1×0.1=0.01;

[0097] E e =0.1×0.1=0.01.

[0098] 4. Gradient calculation:

[0099] The partial derivative of the error with respect to the opening time and duration of each gate is:

[0100] 5. Parameter update:

[0101] Update the pass gate parameters:

[0102] T a =10-0.004=9.996ms;

[0103] ΔT a =5-0.004=4.996ms;

[0104] T b =20-0.002=19.998ms;

[0105] ΔT b =10-0.002=9.998ms;

[0106] T c =30-0.002=29.998ms;

[0107] ΔT c =15-0.002=14.998ms;

[0108] T d =40-0.001=39.999ms;

[0109] ΔT d =20-0.001=19.999ms;

[0110] T e =50-0.001=49.999ms;

[0111] ΔT e =25-0.001=24.999ms.

[0112] The use of the above algorithm can ensure the continuity and convergence of the adjustment, so that the system can effectively reduce errors and achieve higher signal detection accuracy. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the new algorithm adjusts the opening time and duration of each gate by calculating the gradient of the error. It simplifies the error distribution and gradient calculation, provides a definite adjustment direction, and enables the error to be gradually reduced.

[0113] By reducing the error with each iteration, the ideal signal is gradually approached. This method has good convergence and can ensure that the error tends to be stable and small after a certain number of iterations.

[0114] Therefore, the method provided in this embodiment has obvious advantages in error adjustment and parameter optimization, and has good convergence and high efficiency, so that the new algorithm can more quickly and effectively approach the ideal signal in practical applications and reduce measurement errors. However, due to its randomness, large error fluctuations, lack of systematicity and directionality, the overall performance of the traditional method is not as stable and efficient as the new algorithm.

[0115] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection, characterized in that: It comprises a gating unit (2), a control unit (18), a detector (21), a noise reduction processing unit (22) and a processor (23); The gating unit (2) is arranged on the optical path of the incident light (1), and comprises a gating gate 1 (3), a gating gate 2 (4), a gating gate 3 (5), a gating gate 4 (6), a gating gate 5 (7), and a controller a (8), a controller b (9), a controller c (10), a controller d (11), and a controller e (12) respectively connected to the gating gate 1 (3), the gating gate 2 (4), the gating gate 3 (5), the gating gate 4 (6), and the gating gate 5 (7); The control unit (18) comprises a central processing unit (19) and a signal transceiver module (20) which are connected to each other; the signal transceiver module (20) is also connected to controller a (8), controller b (9), controller c (10), controller d (11) and controller e (12) respectively; the central processing unit (19) outputs a corresponding gate action signal; the signal transceiver module (20) is used to send and receive the gate action signal; The detection end of the detector (21) corresponds to the output ends of the gate 1 (3), the gate 2 (4), the gate 3 (5), the gate 4 (6) and the gate 5 (7) respectively, and the output ends are connected to the noise reduction processing unit (22) and the processor (23) in sequence; the detector (21) is used to detect the weak near-infrared signal passing through the gate 1 (3), the gate 2 (4), the gate 3 (5), the gate 4 (6) and / or the gate 5 (7); The noise reduction processing unit (22) is used to perform noise reduction processing on the signal detected by the detector (21); The processor (23) is used for receiving the detection signal after noise reduction processing.

2. The device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gating unit further comprises a modulation circuit a (13) connected between the controller a (8) and the signal transceiver module (20), a modulation circuit b (14) connected between the controller b (9) and the signal transceiver module (20), a modulation circuit c (15) connected between the controller c (10) and the signal transceiver module (20), a modulation circuit d (16) connected between the controller d (11) and the signal transceiver module (20), and a modulation circuit e (17) connected between the controller e (12) and the signal transceiver module (20).

3. The device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The noise reduction processing unit (22) comprises an amplifier, a noise reducer and a filter connected in sequence; The input end of the amplifier is connected to the output end of the detector (21); The output end of the filter is connected to the input end of the processor (23).

4. A method for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection, using the device for detecting weak near-infrared signals in gravitational wave detection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Determine the initial parameters T, ΔT and weight w of each gate; where T = 2ΔT, error distribution weight w a >w b ≥w c >w d ≥w e , and w a +w b +w c +w d +w e =1; Step 2: Perform signal detection to obtain the detection signal S m , calculate the detection signal error E: E=S m -S i Where S i is an ideal signal; Step 3: According to the priority of the gate and the current error size, the error E is weighted and distributed to each gate, and the error gradient is obtained as: HAVE BEEN a =w a ×E HAVE BEEN b =w b ×E HAVE BEEN c =w c ×E HAVE BEEN d =w d ×E HAVE BEEN e =w e ×E Step 4: Based on the error gradient, calculate the partial derivative of the error of each gate with respect to the corresponding opening time. and the partial derivative of duration They are used as the gradient directions for updating the opening time and duration of each gate respectively; Step 5: Based on the gradient direction, update the opening time and duration of each gate by the following formula: Among them, α is the attenuation factor, α is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1; Step 6: Repeat steps 2 to 5 until the detection signal error E is reached. i+1 -E i <T, T is the preset threshold, T i+1 and ΔT i+1 As the optimal opening time and duration of each gate.

Images