Rainfall measuring equipment and method for hydrological forecasting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rainfall measurement, in particular to rainfall measurement equipment and method for hydrological forecasting, and the equipment comprises a base, and also comprises a collection mechanism, a tipping bucket assembly and an adjustment mechanism, the adjustment mechanism comprises two groups of adjustment assemblies, and each adjustment assembly comprises two sliding frames. Two connecting columns are fixedly connected between the two sliding frames, the two connecting columns are located below the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket respectively, and the rainfall measuring method for hydrological forecasting comprises the steps of analysis, collection, adjustment, measurement and the like. The tipping bucket has the advantages that the rotating angle of the tipping bucket is adjusted according to the rain condition, the connecting column moves upwards to limit the overturning angle of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket in fine rain, and the connecting column descends to the lowest in rainstorm, so that the amount of rainwater needed by overturning of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket is increased, and the rainwater pouring speed is increased; and the tipping bucket is prevented from being overturned to the other side in advance before rainwater in the tipping bucket is completely poured out, so that the accuracy of a detection result during rainstorm is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rainfall measurement, and in particular to a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting. Background Art

[0002] The rainfall measurement equipment for hydrological forecast is used to measure the amount of rainfall and provide basic data for hydrological analysis. Timely and accurate rainfall measurement and forecasting can help people prepare for flood control and waterlogging prevention measures in advance. At the same time, it can provide a scientific basis for the planning and management of water resources and ensure the sustainable use of water resources. The piezoelectric rain gauge uses the impact of rainwater on piezoelectric materials to generate electric charge, and determines the rainfall by measuring the amount of charge.

[0003] At present, the existing rainfall measurement equipment for hydrological forecasting mostly uses piezoelectric rain gauges when measuring rainfall. Piezoelectric rain gauges can provide relatively accurate rainfall data in most cases, but the sensitivity of piezoelectric rain gauges is easily affected by temperature, resulting in low reliability of measurement results. In addition, under extreme weather conditions, such as heavy rain, rainwater will flow into the bucket at an extremely fast speed, which may easily cause the water in the bucket to flip over due to reaching a preset weight or angle before it is completely discharged. In this case, the number of times the bucket flips will be more than the actual number of flips, resulting in each flip not fully representing a complete accumulation of precipitation. On the other hand, the drainage speed of the bucket cannot keep up with the inflow speed of rainwater, and water will accumulate in the bucket. The accumulated water will increase the weight of the bucket, making it more likely to flip over before the actual precipitation is reached, which will also affect the accuracy of the measurement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of poor rainfall measurement accuracy of the equipment in the prior art, and to propose a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting, comprising a base, a support leg is arranged at the bottom of the base, a protective shell is fixedly installed on the top of the base, the top of the base is rotatably connected to the shell, the protective shell is located inside the shell, and further comprising:

[0007] A collecting mechanism, wherein a fixing frame is fixedly installed inside the shell, and the collecting mechanism comprises two groups of collecting components, and the two groups of collecting components are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixing frame;

[0008] A tipping bucket assembly, wherein two fixing plates are fixedly installed on the top of the base, the two fixing plates are symmetrically distributed inside the protective shell, a first tipping bucket and a second tipping bucket are rotatably connected between the two fixing plates, and the first tipping bucket is located above the second tipping bucket, and a detection element is provided on the side wall of the fixing plate;

[0009] An adjustment mechanism, wherein the adjustment mechanism is located between the two fixed plates, the adjustment mechanism includes two groups of adjustment components, the two groups of adjustment components are symmetrically distributed below the first tipping bucket, the adjustment component includes two sliding frames, the two sliding frames are respectively located on the side of the two fixed plates away from each other, two connecting columns are fixedly connected between the two sliding frames, the two connecting columns are respectively located below the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket, the side walls of the two fixed plates are respectively provided with sliding grooves, the two ends of the two connecting columns are respectively slidably connected to the sliding grooves on the two fixed plates, and the side walls of the fixed plates are provided with two groups of driving components, the two groups of driving components correspond to the two groups of adjustment components, and the driving components are used to drive the sliding frames to move.

[0010] Preferably, an intelligent sensor component is arranged on the top of the shell, and the intelligent sensor component is composed of a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind force sensor and a wind direction sensor. A storage groove for storing the intelligent sensor component is opened on the top of the shell, and a first push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing frame, and the top of the first push rod is fixedly connected to the intelligent sensor component.

[0011] Preferably, the collecting assembly includes a collecting shell slidably connected to the fixing frame, the collecting shell passes through the outer shell and is slidably connected to the outer shell, a partition is fixedly installed inside the collecting shell, a second push rod is fixedly installed inside the partition, the telescopic end of the second push rod is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, a water collection port is penetrated through one side of the collecting shell close to the fixing frame, and a valve is arranged inside the water collection port.

[0012] Preferably, a filter plate is fixedly installed inside the collecting shell, and the filter plate is located on the side of the water collection port away from the fixing frame. A slag discharge port is opened at the bottom of the collecting shell, and a solenoid valve is arranged inside the slag discharge port. Two guide plates are arranged outside the outer shell, and the guide plates are located below the collecting shell. The two guide plates respectively correspond to the slag discharge ports at the bottom of the collecting shells in the two groups of collecting components.

[0013] Preferably, a collecting funnel is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed frame, the collecting funnel is located above the first tipping bucket and corresponds to the first tipping bucket, a focusing shell is fixedly installed between the two fixed plates, the first tipping bucket is located in the focusing shell, and the bottom of the focusing shell corresponds to the second tipping bucket.

[0014] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a first driving motor fixedly mounted on the side wall of the fixed plate, and the rotating shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected to the first driving gear, and the side wall of the sliding frame is fixedly mounted with a rack, and the rack is meshed with the first driving gear in the corresponding driving assembly.

[0015] Preferably, two storage shells are fixedly installed on the top of the base, and the two storage shells are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second tipping bucket and correspond to the second tipping bucket. The bottoms of the two storage shells are fixedly connected with a drainage pipe, and a solenoid valve is arranged inside the drainage pipe. The storage shell is provided with a water level monitoring sensor for monitoring the water level inside the storage shell and controlling the switch of the solenoid valve.

[0016] Preferably, a water pump is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixed plate, and the water pump is fixedly connected to the two storage shells with a water suction pipe respectively, and two smart nozzles are fixedly installed inside the shells, the two smart nozzles are located above the fixed frame and between the two groups of collecting components, the nozzles of the two smart nozzles are inclined in a direction away from each other, and the two smart nozzles are fixedly connected to the water pump with a water outlet pipe respectively, and the water outlet pipe is a hose.

[0017] Preferably, a second drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and the rotating shaft of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to the second drive gear, the second drive gear is located inside the protective shell, an internal gear is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer shell, and an opening corresponding to the second drive gear is penetrated through the side wall of the protective shell, and the internal gear is meshed with the second drive gear.

[0018] A method for measuring rainfall for hydrological forecasting, using any one of the above-mentioned rainfall measuring devices for hydrological forecasting, comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1, analysis, the first push rod pushes the intelligent sensor component out of the storage slot to detect and analyze the rain condition, wind force and wind direction, and then judge the measurement environment and the size of the rain;

[0020] S2, collection, adjusting the collection direction of the collection shell according to the wind direction and wind force, the second driving gear rotates, so that the shell drives the collection shell to rotate, and the extension degree of the collection shell is adjusted according to the rainfall conditions. In the case of drizzle, the second push rod controls the collection shell to extend out of the shell to a large collection area, and in the case of heavy rain, the second push rod pushes the collection shell to extend out of the shell to a small area;

[0021] S3, adjusting, adjusting the turning angles of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket according to the rain conditions, the first driving gear rotates so that the sliding frame drives the connecting column to move up and down along the chute, in the case of drizzle, the connecting column is controlled to move upward to limit the turning angles of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket, and in the case of heavy rain, the connecting column is controlled to move downward to the lowest point of the chute;

[0022] S4, measurement, rainwater enters the interior of the collection shell, the valve in the water collection port is opened, and the rainwater filtered by the filter plate enters the collection funnel from the water collection port, passes through the first tipping bucket, the collection shell and the second tipping bucket in sequence from the collection funnel, and finally enters the storage shell from the second tipping bucket. The detection element on the fixed plate detects and records the rotation of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket in real time;

[0023] S5, water storage, the storage shell stores water, and at the same time, the water level monitoring sensor inside it monitors the water level in real time. When the water level is too high, the water level monitoring sensor controls the solenoid valve in the drain pipe to open, and the water is discharged from the drain pipe;

[0024] S6, cleaning. When the intelligent sensor component detects that the water drop pressure is high and the turning speed of the first tipping bucket slows down, the filter plate is blocked. The two collecting shells collect and clean rainwater alternately. The solenoid valve in the slag discharge port at the bottom of the collecting shell that needs to be cleaned is opened, and the valve in the water collection port is closed at the same time. The water pump draws rainwater in the storage shell and sprays it out from the intelligent nozzle. The intelligent nozzle flushes the filter plate. The rainwater and debris in the collecting shell flow from the slag discharge port to the guide plate together, and are directly discharged from the guide plate to the outside of the equipment;

[0025] S7, drainage, the measurement ends after the rainfall stops, and the sliding frames in the two adjustment components are controlled to move up and down, so that the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket completely dump out the remaining rainwater therein.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The present invention adjusts the rotation angle of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket according to the rainfall conditions by installing devices such as a first driving gear, a connecting column and a sliding frame. In light rain conditions, the connecting column moves upward under the drive of the sliding frame, thereby limiting the turning angle of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket, so that the amount of rainwater collected by the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket to achieve the turning becomes smaller, which helps to detect the rainfall more quickly in light rain conditions. In heavy rain conditions, the first driving gear is controlled to make the connecting column drop to the lowest position, so that the amount of rainwater required for the turning of the first tipping bucket and the second tipping bucket is increased, and the speed of pouring rainwater is accelerated, while preventing the tipping bucket from turning to the other side in advance before the rainwater in the tipping bucket is completely poured out, resulting in the tipping number of the tipping bucket being greater than the actual number of flipping, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection result of the equipment in heavy rain.

[0028] 2. The present invention installs devices such as an intelligent sensor component, a collecting shell and a first tipping bucket, and uses the intelligent sensor component to monitor wind force, wind direction and rain intensity, and adjusts the collection angle of the collecting shell according to the wind force and wind direction. The outer shell drives the collecting shell to rotate under the action of the internal gear and the second driving gear to adjust the angle. At the same time, the extension degree of the collecting shell is adjusted according to the rain intensity. In drizzle, the collecting shell extends out of the outer shell with a large collection area. In heavy rain, the collecting shell extends out of the outer shell with a small collection area. The equipment can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual rainfall conditions. Under different rain intensity and wind direction conditions, the collecting shell can better collect rainwater, avoid increased measurement difficulty caused by poor collection effect, improve the efficiency and rationality of rainwater collection, and thus help to improve the accuracy of measurement.

[0029] 3. The present invention installs devices such as a water pump, an intelligent nozzle and a guide plate. The water pump is used to extract rainwater in the storage shell and spray it out from the intelligent nozzle to flush the filter plate, so that the debris blocking the filter plate is discharged from the slag discharge port. The guide plate speeds up the discharge of impurities, avoiding the problem of incomplete rainwater collection or inaccurate flow due to blockage. The two collection shells collect and clean rainwater alternately when the filter plate is blocked, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of rainfall measurement, and will not affect the collection of rainfall data due to filter plate blockage, thereby enhancing the practicality of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0031] Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the fully contained structure of a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0032] Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the base and collection shell portion of a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting proposed by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a fixing frame and a collecting shell portion of a rainfall measuring device and method for hydrological forecasting proposed by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the protective shell portion of a rainfall measuring device and method for hydrological forecasting proposed by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure of a rainfall measuring device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0037] Figure 8 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of the fixed plate portion of a rainfall measuring device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0038] Fig. 9 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of the bucket portion of a rainfall measuring device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0039] Fig.10 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a sliding frame portion of a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0040] Fig.11 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of the water pump portion of a rainfall measurement device and method for hydrological forecasting.

[0041] In the figure: 1 base, 2 protective shell, 3 outer shell, 301 storage slot, 302 internal gear, 4 intelligent sensor component, 401 first push rod, 5 fixed frame, 6 collection shell, 601 second push rod, 602 water collection port, 603 partition, 604 slag discharge port, 7 filter plate, 8 collection funnel, 9 guide plate, 10 fixed plate, 11 collection shell, 12 first tipping bucket, 121 second tipping bucket, 13 slide, 14 sliding frame, 141 rack, 142 first driving gear, 143 connecting column, 15 second driving gear, 16 storage shell, 161 drainage pipe, 17 water pump, 171 suction pipe, 172 outlet pipe, 18 intelligent nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 11A rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting includes a base 1, four supporting legs for adjusting the height of the base 1 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the base 1, a protective shell 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, and the protective shell 2 is used to prevent water from seeping out of the device from the inside, the top of the base 1 is rotatably connected to a shell 3, and electronic components are arranged inside the shell 3. The whole device is used with a power cord or directly outdoors with solar photovoltaic panels and other devices. The protective shell 2 is located inside the shell 3, and the height of the protective shell 2 is lower than the shell 3. A second drive motor is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, and the rotating shaft of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to a second drive gear 15, and the second drive gear 15 is located inside the protective shell 2. The inner wall of the shell 3 is fixedly installed with an internal gear 302, and the protective shell 2 An opening corresponding to the second driving gear 15 is formed through the side wall, and the internal gear 302 is meshed with the second driving gear 15. A fixing frame 5 is fixedly installed inside the outer shell 3, and a first push rod 401 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing frame 5. An intelligent sensing component 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the first push rod 401. The intelligent sensing component 4 consists of a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind force sensor and a wind direction sensor. The pressure sensor is made of piezoelectric material. A storage groove 301 for accommodating the intelligent sensing component 4 is formed on the top of the outer shell 3. When no detection work is performed, the storage groove 301 provides a relatively safe storage space for the intelligent sensing component 4, reduces the direct impact and damage of the external environment on the sensor, reduces the risk of damage to the sensor, and extends its service life.

[0044] The side wall of the fixed frame 5 is provided with a collecting mechanism, which includes two groups of collecting components, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixed frame 5. The collecting components include a collecting shell 6 that is slidably connected to the fixed frame 5. The collecting shell 6 passes through the outer shell 3 and is slidably connected to the outer shell 3. When no measurement is performed, the collecting shell 6 is located inside the outer shell 3 to avoid being directly affected by the external environment, thereby reducing the damage and aging of the collecting shell 6 and the components installed therein, and extending the service life of the equipment. A partition 603 is fixedly installed inside the collecting shell 6. The collecting shell 6 is close to the fixed frame 5. A water collection port 602 is provided on one side of the fixed frame 5, and a valve is provided inside the water collection port 602. The valve is opened when collecting rainwater. A filter plate 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the collection shell 6. The filter plate 7 is located on the side of the water collection port 602 away from the fixed frame 5, and the filter plate 7 is fixedly connected to the partition 603. A second push rod 601 is fixedly installed inside the partition 603. The telescopic end of the second push rod 601 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 5. The size of the rain is analyzed according to the monitoring data of the intelligent sensor component 4, and the telescopic amount of the second push rod 601 is controlled according to the size of the rain, so as to adjust the collection shell. 6 extends out of the outer shell 3. In light rain, the collection shell 6 extends out a large area and can collect more rainwater. In heavy rain, the collection shell 6 extends out a small area to avoid collecting too much rainwater and causing measurement difficulties. It can better adapt to different rainfall conditions and improve the efficiency and rationality of rainwater collection. A collection funnel 8 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing frame 5. Rainwater enters the collection shell 6 and enters the collection funnel 8 from the water collection port 602 through the filter plate 7. The filter plate 7 filters out impurities and pollutants in the rainwater to avoid these substances clogging the water collection port 602 or affecting the measurement of rainwater in the collection funnel 8, ensuring that the rainwater entering the collection funnel is not blocked by the collection funnel 8. The rainwater in the collecting funnel 8 is relatively pure, which helps to measure rainfall more accurately and improve the accuracy of hydrological forecasting. A control chip is arranged inside the outer shell 3, and the control chip is used to control the start of the second drive motor. When the second drive gear 15 rotates, the outer shell 3 drives the collecting shell 6 to rotate and adjust the angle under the joint action of the inner gear 302 and the second drive gear 15, so that the equipment can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual rainfall conditions. Under different rain and wind conditions, the equipment can adjust the position of the collecting shell 6 to better collect rainwater and improve the reliability of measurement.

[0045] Two fixed plates 10 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, and the two fixed plates 10 are symmetrically distributed inside the protective shell 2. A focusing shell 11 is fixedly installed between the two fixed plates 10, and the focusing shell 11 is located below the collecting funnel 8. A first tipping bucket 12 and a second tipping bucket 121 are rotatably connected between the two fixed plates 10. The first tipping bucket 12 is located inside the focusing shell 11, and the second tipping bucket 121 is located below the focusing shell 11. The bottom of the focusing shell 11 is connected to the second tipping bucket 121. The side walls of the two fixed plates 10 are respectively provided with detection elements for recording the number of rotations of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121. Two storage shells 16 are fixedly installed on the top of the base 1, and the two storage shells 16 are symmetrically distributed. At both ends of the second bucket 121, and corresponding to the second bucket 121, rainwater in the collecting funnel 8 enters the first bucket 12, and the first bucket 12 rotates to allow the rainwater to enter the collecting shell 11, and then enters the second bucket 121 from the collecting shell 11, and finally enters the storage shell 16 from the second bucket 121. A water level monitoring sensor is arranged inside the storage shell 16, and the bottoms of the two storage shells 16 are respectively fixedly connected with drain pipes 161 for discharging water from the inside of the equipment, and a solenoid valve is arranged inside the drain pipe 161. The water level monitoring sensor is used to monitor the water level of the storage shell 16 and control the switch of the solenoid valve to ensure that the storage shell 16 has sufficient water storage capacity while avoiding water overflowing from the storage shell 16.

[0046] An adjustment mechanism is provided between the two fixed plates 10, and the adjustment mechanism includes two groups of adjustment components, and the two groups of adjustment components are symmetrically distributed below the first tipping bucket 12. The adjustment components include two sliding frames 14, and the side walls of the two fixed plates 10 are respectively provided with slide grooves 13. Two connecting columns 143 are fixedly connected between the two sliding frames 14, and the two ends of the two connecting columns 143 are respectively slidably connected with the slide grooves 13 on the two fixed plates 10. The two connecting columns 143 are respectively located at the bottom of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121, and the side walls of the connecting columns 143 are sleeved with elastic pads to prevent the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 from colliding with the connecting columns 143 to cause damage, thereby helping to extend the first tipping bucket The service life of the bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121, the side wall of the fixed plate 10 is provided with two sets of driving components, the two sets of driving components correspond to the two sets of adjusting components, and are used to drive the sliding frame 14 in the adjusting component to slide up and down along the slide groove 13, the driving component includes a first driving motor fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixed plate 10, the rotating shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected with a first driving gear 142, the side wall of the sliding frame 14 is fixedly installed with a rack 141, the rack 141 is meshed with the first driving gear 142 in the corresponding driving component, the first driving gear 142 rotates, controls the sliding frame 14 to move up and down, so that the connecting column 143 moves along the slide groove 13, under drizzle conditions, the collecting shell 6 extends out The collection area of ​​the shell 3 is large. At this time, the connecting column 143 is controlled to move upward to limit the turning angle of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121. During the process of collecting rainwater by the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121, the amount of rainwater required for turning will become smaller, which is helpful to accurately measure light rain. In heavy rain conditions, the collection area of ​​the collection shell 6 extending out of the outer shell 3 is small, and the connecting column 143 moves downward to the lowest point of the chute 13. The amount of rainwater required for turning the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 increases, and the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 rotate to dump rainwater faster, which is helpful to ensure the stability and accuracy of measurement during high rainfall. The flipping angle of the two buckets 121 and the required amount of rainwater allow the first bucket 12 and the second bucket 121 to flip at an appropriate time, avoiding measurement errors caused by collecting too much or too little rainwater. Under different rainfall intensities, the equipment can maintain a high measurement accuracy, thereby improving the reliability of rainfall measurement. After the rainfall stops, the sliding frame 14 and the connecting column 143 are controlled to rise and fall, so that the first bucket 12 and the second bucket 121 after the rain can rotate and discharge the residual water inside, avoiding the water from interfering with the next rainfall measurement, ensuring the accuracy of each measurement, and enabling the measuring equipment to accurately measure the rainfall from zero after each rainfall, thereby improving the accuracy of the hydrological forecast.

[0047] Two intelligent nozzles 18 are fixedly installed inside the shell 3. The two intelligent nozzles 18 are located above the fixed frame 5 and between the two collecting components. The two intelligent nozzles 18 correspond to the filter plates 7 in the two collecting components respectively, and the nozzles of the intelligent nozzles 18 are inclined toward the filter plates 7 on the corresponding sides. The water sprayed by the intelligent nozzles 18 enters the corresponding collecting shell 6 through the filter plates 7. A water pump 17 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fixed plate 10. The water pump 17 is fixedly connected to the two storage shells 16 with water suction pipes 171 respectively. The two intelligent nozzles 18 are fixedly connected to the water pump 17 with water outlet pipes 172 respectively, and the water outlet pipes 172 are hoses. A slag discharge port 604 is opened through the bottom of the collecting shell 6, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged inside the slag discharge port 604. Two guide plates 9 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell 3. The two guide plates 9 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the collecting funnel 8 and are respectively connected to the two collecting shells 6. Corresponding to the slag discharge port 604 at the bottom, the water pump 17 draws rainwater in the storage shell 16 and sprays it out from the intelligent nozzle 18. The intelligent nozzle 18 flushes the debris on the filter plate 7 into the interior of the collecting shell 6, opens the solenoid valve in the slag discharge port 604, and closes the valve in the water collection port 602. The rainwater and debris in the collecting shell 6 flow from the slag discharge port 604 to the guide plate 9. The guide plate 9 directly guides these debris to the outside of the equipment. The two collecting shells 6 alternately collect and clean rainwater when the filter plate 7 is blocked, thereby ensuring the continuity and accuracy of rainfall measurement, and will not affect the collection of rainfall data due to blockage of the filter plate 7, avoiding the problem of incomplete rainwater collection or inaccurate flow due to blockage. The alternating use of the two collecting shells 6 allows one collecting shell 6 to be cleaned while the other collecting shell 6 can still work normally, thereby ensuring the continuity and high efficiency of rainfall measurement.

[0048] A method for measuring rainfall for hydrological forecasting, using the above-mentioned rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting, comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, analysis, the first push rod 401 pushes the intelligent sensor assembly 4 out of the storage slot 301 to detect and analyze the rain condition, wind force and wind direction, and then judge the measurement environment and the magnitude of the rain;

[0050] S2, collecting, adjusting the collecting direction of the collecting shell 6 according to the wind direction and wind force, the second driving gear 15 rotates, so that the outer shell 3 drives the collecting shell 6 to rotate, and adjusting the extension degree of the collecting shell 6 according to the rainfall conditions. In the case of drizzle, the second push rod 601 controls the collecting shell 6 to extend out of the outer shell 3 to a large collecting area, and in the case of heavy rain, the second push rod 601 pushes the collecting shell 6 to extend out of the outer shell 3 to a small area;

[0051] S3, adjustment, adjusting the flip angles of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 according to the rain conditions, the first driving gear 142 rotates, so that the sliding frame 14 drives the connecting column 143 to move up and down along the chute 13, in the case of drizzle, the connecting column 143 is controlled to move upward to limit the flip angles of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121, and in the case of heavy rain, the connecting column 143 is controlled to move downward to the lowest point of the chute 13;

[0052] S4, measurement, rainwater enters the interior of the collecting shell 6, the valve in the water collection port 602 is opened, and the rainwater filtered by the filter plate 7 enters the collecting funnel 8 from the water collection port 602, passes through the first tipping bucket 12, the collecting shell 11 and the second tipping bucket 121 in sequence from the collecting funnel 8, and finally enters the storage shell 16 from the second tipping bucket 121, and the detection element on the fixing plate 10 detects and records the rotation of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 in real time;

[0053] S5, water storage, the storage shell 16 stores water, and the water level monitoring sensor inside it monitors the water level in real time. When the water level is too high, the water level monitoring sensor controls the electromagnetic valve in the drain pipe 161 to open, and the water is discharged from the drain pipe 161;

[0054] S6, cleaning, when the intelligent sensor component 4 detects that the water drop pressure is high and the turning speed of the first tipping bucket 12 slows down, the filter plate 7 is blocked, and the two collecting shells 6 collect and clean rainwater alternately. The solenoid valve in the slag discharge port 604 at the bottom of the collecting shell 6 that needs to be cleaned is opened, and the valve in the water collection port 602 is closed at the same time. The water pump 17 draws rainwater in the storage shell 16 and sprays it from the intelligent nozzle 18. The intelligent nozzle 18 rinses the filter plate 7. The rainwater and debris in the collecting shell 6 flow from the slag discharge port 604 to the guide plate 9, and are directly discharged from the guide plate 9 to the outside of the equipment;

[0055] S7, drainage, the measurement is finished after the rainfall stops, and the sliding frames 14 in the two adjustment components are controlled to move up and down, so that the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 completely dump out the remaining rainwater therein.

[0056] In the present invention, the base 1 of the device is installed outdoors, and the height of the four supporting legs is adjusted to keep it horizontal. The device contains electronic components inside and needs to be used with a power cord or directly outdoors with a solar photovoltaic panel or other devices. Then, two fixed plates 10, a concentrating shell 11, two storage shells 16 and other components are installed above the base 1, and then the protective shell 2 is fixedly connected above the base 1. The tipping bucket part between the two fixed plates 10 will be completely protected by the protective shell 2, and a detection element is installed on the fixed plate 10. When the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 rotate, data can be recorded. The outer shell 3 covers the protective shell 2, and the outer shell 3 is rotatably connected to the base 1. The internal gear 302 will mesh with the second driving gear 15. The rotation of the second driving gear 15 can be controlled to control the rotation of the outer shell 3 and the internal intelligent sensor component 4, the fixing frame 5 and the collecting shell 6. Initially, the intelligent sensor component 4 and the collecting shell 6 are both in a state of being retracted into the outer shell 3. External dust and pollutants will not enter the collecting shell 6, nor will they enter the collecting funnel 8 to cause blockage. When there is no rain, some components and filter plates 7 that collect rainwater are in a protective state, which can greatly reduce losses.

[0057] The intelligent sensor assembly 4 is composed of multiple parts, including a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, and a wind force and wind direction sensor made of piezoelectric materials. It is exposed to the outside at any time and can quickly sense whether it is raining and preliminarily judge the rain intensity by the impact force of raindrops. The intelligent sensor assembly 4 is initially controlled by the first push rod 401 to be stored in the storage slot 301. When rainfall is detected, it extends out. The intelligent sensor assembly 4 can detect the external environment more comprehensively, judge whether it is raining outside, as well as initial data such as the size of the rain, wind direction, and wind force, and the internal control The chip will adjust the second driving gear 15 to rotate and control the outer shell 3 to rotate, so that the two collecting shells 6 can collect rainwater to the maximum extent after being extended. The second push rod 601 is installed inside the partition 603, and the output ends of the two second push rods 601 are fixedly connected to the fixing frame 5, respectively controlling the two second push rods 601 to extend to different positions, controlling the specific area of ​​the upper ports of the two collecting shells 6 for collecting rainwater, and controlling the size of the collecting surface. The rainwater falling into the collecting shell 6 is divided into two areas by the partition 603, but can pass through the filter plate 7 and the water collection port 602. The water collection port 602 has a valve to control whether it is closed. The rainwater passing through the water collection port 602 finally falls into the collecting funnel 8. No matter how much the collecting shells 6 on both sides extend, the rainwater can accurately fall into the collecting funnel 8, and the filter plate 7 can filter impurities in the rainwater. The rainwater falls downward from the collecting funnel 8 into the first tipping bucket 12. The first tipping bucket 12 has different turning speeds according to the speed of the water falling from the collecting funnel 8, which is recorded by the detection element. The first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 both record the rainfall, making the measured data more accurate. After the rainwater flows through the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121, it will fall into the two storage shells 16. A water level monitoring sensor is installed inside the storage shell 16, and a solenoid valve is installed inside the drain pipe 161. The water level monitoring sensor controls the closing of the solenoid valve inside the drain pipe 161, thereby controlling the storage shell 16 to always store enough rainwater that will not overflow. The filter plate 7 is then cleaned to store water. No matter how the external wind direction changes, the device can adaptively adjust the angle to maintain the best angle for collecting rainwater, so that the rainfall detection results remain stable and accurate.

[0058] The traditional tipping bucket rain gauge collects rain water slowly when the rainfall is small, and the real-time detection is poor. When the intelligent sensor component 4 on the top of the device detects that the raindrop pressure is small but the humidity is high, it is preliminarily analyzed that the rain is small, usually drizzle. At this time, the two collecting shells 6 are controlled to extend to the maximum extent, and the first driving gear 142 is controlled to rotate. The first driving gear 142 is engaged with the rack 141 to control the sliding frame 14 to move upward. The connecting column 143 will move upward inside the slide groove 13 outside the fixed plate 10. After the connecting column 143 moves upward, the turning angle of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 will be limited. The first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 collect rain water to reach the required amount when turning over. The collecting shell 6 collects rain water in a larger range during drizzle, and the conditions for turning over the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 require less rain water and lower conditions, which helps to detect the rainfall faster during drizzle. The outer side of the connecting column 143 is wrapped with an elastic pad to avoid damage caused by collision.

[0059] When the intelligent sensor component 4 detects that the impact force of raindrops is large and the humidity is high, it means that the rain is heavy. During heavy rain, the conventional tipping bucket rain gauge collects rainwater too quickly in the funnel. When the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 are tilted, the water on one side has not yet completely poured down, and the rainwater on the other side reaches the overturning condition due to being collected too quickly, causing the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 to overturn in advance. Finally, the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 overturn more times than the actual number, and as time goes on, the error will gradually increase. During heavy rain or even extremely heavy rain, the device controls the distance at which the two collection shells 6 are extended to be shorter, ensuring that excessive rainwater is not collected during heavy rain, and By controlling the first driving gear 142 to make the connecting column 143 drop to the lowest position, the amount of rainwater required for the first bucket 12 and the second bucket 121 to flip will increase, and the first bucket 12 and the second bucket 121 will dump rainwater on one side faster, so that the rainwater will not be excessive, reducing the error in detecting rainfall during heavy rain, and making the detection result during heavy rain more accurate. The sliding frames 14 on both sides of the first bucket 12 and the second bucket 121 can be controlled separately. When the rainfall stops, the sliding frames 14 and the connecting column 143 can be controlled to rise and fall, and the residual water in the first bucket 12 and the second bucket 121 after the rain can be completely discharged, thereby eliminating the error in the next detection.

[0060] When it is not raining, the filter plate 7 and the collection shell 6 are in a protected state. If the filter plate 7 is blocked by solid particles or other impurities in the rainwater during heavy rain, it will seriously affect the detection data and may even cause damage to the device, and it needs to be cleaned immediately. When the intelligent sensor component 4 detects that the top humidity and water drop pressure are high and the turning speed of the first tipping bucket 12 and the second tipping bucket 121 inside the device slows down, it means that the filter plate 7 is blocked. At this time, it needs to be cleaned immediately, and the negative impact should be minimized as much as possible during the cleaning process. The extension of the collection shell 6 is small during heavy rain. Therefore, there is enough extension space on both sides. The collection shell 6 on one side is completely retracted to the initial state, and the collection shell 6 on the other side is correspondingly extended by an appropriate distance to ensure that the collection area of ​​the collection shell 6 remains unchanged, the rainwater collection remains basically unchanged, and the control is completely retracted into the outer shell 3. The internal valve of the water collection port 602 of the collecting shell 6 is closed, while the internal solenoid valve of the slag discharge port 604 is opened, and the water pump 17 is controlled to extract water without solid impurities from the two storage shells 16. The water passes through the suction pipe 171 and the outlet pipe 172 to reach the intelligent nozzle 18. The intelligent nozzle 18 is tilted, and the intelligent nozzle 18 sprays water from the filter plate 7 close to the inner side of the fixing frame 5 to flush the filter plate 7. The flushed water will not fall from the water collection port 602 to the inside of the collecting funnel 8, and the impurity particles on the surface of the filter plate 7 will be flushed away, and it will be discharged from the slag discharge port 604 with the obstructions, and will be guided by the guide plate 9 to be directly discharged to the outside of the device, so as to quickly clean the filter plate 7. This process will not affect the rainfall detection. After the filter plate 7 on one side is cleaned, the collecting shell 6 makes corresponding adjustments to clean the filter plate 7 on the other side to ensure that the device can continuously detect rainfall.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rainfall measurement device for hydrological forecasting, comprising a base (1), the bottom of the base (1) being provided with supporting legs, the top of the base (1) being fixedly provided with a protective shell (2), the top of the base (1) being rotatably connected with a shell (3), the protective shell (2) being located inside the shell (3), characterized in that: Also includes: A collecting mechanism, wherein a fixing frame (5) is fixedly mounted inside the housing (3), and the collecting mechanism comprises two groups of collecting components, wherein the two groups of collecting components are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the fixing frame (5); A tipping bucket assembly, wherein two fixing plates (10) are fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1), the two fixing plates (10) are symmetrically distributed inside the protective shell (2), a first tipping bucket (12) and a second tipping bucket (121) are rotatably connected between the two fixing plates (10), and the first tipping bucket (12) is located above the second tipping bucket (121), and a detection element is arranged on the side wall of the fixing plate (10); An adjustment mechanism is provided, wherein the adjustment mechanism is located between the two fixed plates (10), the adjustment mechanism comprises two groups of adjustment components, the two groups of adjustment components are symmetrically distributed below the first tipping bucket (12), the adjustment components comprise two sliding frames (14), the two sliding frames (14) are respectively located on the sides of the two fixed plates (10) away from each other, two connecting columns (143) are fixedly connected between the two sliding frames (14), the two connecting columns (143) are respectively located below the first tipping bucket (12) and the second tipping bucket (121), the side walls of the two fixed plates (10) are respectively provided with sliding grooves (13), the two ends of the two connecting columns (143) are respectively slidably connected to the sliding grooves (13) on the two fixed plates (10), and the side walls of the fixed plates (10) are provided with two groups of driving components, the two groups of driving components correspond to the two groups of adjustment components, and the driving components are used to drive the sliding frames (14) to move.

2. A rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An intelligent sensor assembly (4) is arranged on the top of the housing (3), and the intelligent sensor assembly (4) is composed of a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind force sensor and a wind direction sensor. A storage groove (301) for storing the intelligent sensor assembly (4) is opened on the top of the housing (3), and a first push rod (401) is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing frame (5), and the top of the first push rod (401) is fixedly connected to the intelligent sensor assembly (4).

3. A rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting assembly comprises a collecting shell (6) which is slidably connected to a fixing frame (5); the collecting shell (6) passes through the outer shell (3) and is slidably connected to the outer shell (3); a partition (603) is fixedly installed inside the collecting shell (6); a second push rod (601) is fixedly installed inside the partition (603); a telescopic end of the second push rod (601) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (5); a water collection port (602) is penetrated and opened on one side of the collecting shell (6) close to the fixing frame (5); a valve is arranged inside the water collection port (602).

4. A rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 3, characterized in that: A filter plate (7) is fixedly installed inside the collection shell (6), and the filter plate (7) is located on a side of the water collection port (602) away from the fixing frame (5). A slag discharge port (604) is provided at the bottom of the collection shell (6), and a solenoid valve is provided inside the slag discharge port (604). Two guide plates (9) are provided outside the shell (3), and the guide plates (9) are located below the collection shell (6). The two guide plates (9) respectively correspond to the slag discharge ports (604) at the bottom of the collection shell (6) in the two groups of collection components.

5. The rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collecting funnel (8) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixing frame (5), the collecting funnel (8) is located above the first tipping bucket (12) and corresponds to the first tipping bucket (12), a concentrating shell (11) is fixedly mounted between the two fixing plates (10), the first tipping bucket (12) is located inside the concentrating shell (11), and the bottom of the concentrating shell (11) corresponds to the second tipping bucket (121).

6. The rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a first driving motor fixedly mounted on a side wall of the fixed plate (10), and a rotating shaft of the first driving motor is fixedly connected to a first driving gear (142); a rack (141) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the sliding frame (14), and the rack (141) meshes with the first driving gear (142) in the corresponding driving assembly.

7. The rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two storage shells (16) are fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1), the two storage shells (16) are symmetrically distributed at the two ends of the second tipping bucket (121) and correspond to the second tipping bucket (121), the bottoms of the two storage shells (16) are fixedly connected with a drainage pipe (161), the interior of the drainage pipe (161) is provided with a solenoid valve, and the interior of the storage shell (16) is provided with a water level monitoring sensor for monitoring the water level inside the storage shell (16) and controlling the switch of the solenoid valve.

8. The rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 7, characterized in that: A water pump (17) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the fixed plate (10); the water pump (17) is fixedly connected to the two storage shells (16) via a water extraction pipe (171); two intelligent nozzles (18) are fixedly mounted inside the shell (3); the two intelligent nozzles (18) are located above the fixed frame (5) and between the two groups of collecting components; the nozzles of the two intelligent nozzles (18) are inclined in a direction away from each other; the two intelligent nozzles (18) are fixedly connected to the water pump (17) via a water outlet pipe (172), and the water outlet pipe (172) is a hose.

9. The rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second drive motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1), and a rotating shaft of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to a second drive gear (15); the second drive gear (15) is located inside the protective shell (2); an internal gear (302) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the outer shell (3); an opening corresponding to the second drive gear (15) is penetrated through the side wall of the protective shell (2); and the internal gear (302) is meshed with the second drive gear (15).

10. A method for measuring rainfall for hydrological forecasting, characterized in that: The use of the rainfall measuring device for hydrological forecasting according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1, analysis, the first push rod (401) pushes the intelligent sensor component (4) out of the storage slot (301), performs rain condition, wind force and wind direction detection and analysis, and then determines the measurement environment and the magnitude of the rain; S2, collecting, adjusting the collecting direction of the collecting shell (6) according to the wind direction and wind force, the second driving gear (15) rotates, so that the outer shell (3) drives the collecting shell (6) to rotate, and adjusting the extension degree of the collecting shell (6) according to the rainfall conditions. In the case of drizzle, the second push rod (601) controls the collecting shell (6) to extend out of the outer shell (3) to a large collection area, and in the case of heavy rain, the second push rod (601) pushes the collecting shell (6) to extend out of the outer shell (3) to a small area; S3, adjusting, adjusting the turning angles of the first tipping bucket (12) and the second tipping bucket (121) according to the rain conditions, the first driving gear (142) rotates, so that the sliding frame (14) drives the connecting column (143) to move up and down along the slide groove (13), in the case of drizzle, the connecting column (143) is controlled to move upward to limit the turning angles of the first tipping bucket (12) and the second tipping bucket (121), and in the case of heavy rain, the connecting column (143) is controlled to move downward to the lowest point of the slide groove (13); S4, measurement, rainwater enters the interior of the collection shell (6), the valve in the water collection port (602) is opened, and the rainwater filtered by the filter plate (7) enters the collection funnel (8) from the water collection port (602), passes through the first tipping bucket (12), the collection shell (11) and the second tipping bucket (121) in sequence from the collection funnel (8), and finally enters the storage shell (16) from the second tipping bucket (121), and the detection element on the fixed plate (10) detects and records the rotation of the first tipping bucket (12) and the second tipping bucket (121) in real time; S5, water storage, the storage shell (16) stores water, and at the same time, the water level monitoring sensor inside it monitors the water level in real time. When the water level is too high, the water level monitoring sensor controls the electromagnetic valve in the drain pipe (161) to open, and the water is discharged from the drain pipe (161); S6, cleaning. When the intelligent sensor component (4) detects that the water drop pressure is high and the turning speed of the first tipping bucket (12) slows down, the filter plate (7) is blocked. The two collecting shells (6) collect and clean rainwater alternately. The solenoid valve in the slag discharge port (604) at the bottom of the collecting shell (6) to be cleaned is opened, and the valve in the water collection port (602) is closed at the same time. The water pump (17) draws rainwater in the storage shell (16) and sprays it out from the intelligent nozzle (18). The intelligent nozzle (18) rinses the filter plate (7). The rainwater and debris in the collecting shell (6) flow from the slag discharge port (604) to the guide plate (9) and are directly discharged from the guide plate (9) to the outside of the device. S7, drainage, after the rainfall stops and the measurement is finished, the sliding frames (14) in the two adjustment components are controlled to move upward and downward, so that the first tipping bucket (12) and the second tipping bucket (121) completely dump out the rainwater remaining inside.

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