Reservoir flood regulation calculation rapid calculation method and system based on dynamic reservoir capacity curve

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid calculation method and system for reservoir flood regulation calculation based on a dynamic reservoir capacity curve, and the method comprises the steps: collecting reservoir area data, and constructing an initial reservoir area hydraulic model; collecting alignment samples including a calibration sample and an inspection sample, and inspecting the initial reservoir area hydraulic model by adopting the calibration sample and the inspection sample to obtain a reservoir area hydraulic model; extracting actually measured flood data, dividing into a plurality of incoming water schemes, setting different reservoir outlet flows for each incoming water scheme, inputting the different reservoir outlet flows into a reservoir area hydraulic model for calculation, obtaining sample nodes, and constructing a dynamic reservoir capacity curve graph; on the basis that the water level calculation process is continuous and the highest reservoir water level is equal to the dynamic reservoir capacity curve calculation value, the process forecast of the flood regulation water level in the predicted period is obtained through backward calculation by adopting a water balance equation period by period. According to the method, rapid and accurate reservoir flood regulation calculation under the influence of dynamic reservoir capacity is realized, a session flood reservoir water level forecasting process is provided, and more accurate reservoir water level forecasting information support is provided for reservoir regulation and flood and drought disaster prevention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of reservoir flood control calculation, and more specifically, to a rapid calculation method and system for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve. Background Art

[0002] Flood control safety is an important foundation for national security and social stability, and large-scale reservoir groups are an important part of the basin flood control engineering system. In recent years, in order to effectively resist flood risks and comprehensively improve flood disaster defense capabilities, my country has accelerated the construction of large-scale reservoir groups and improved the basin flood control engineering system, which has played an important role in ensuring basin and regional flood control safety. However, the dispatching and operation management of large reservoirs has always been the top priority of reservoir management departments, especially the evolution of floods in the reservoir area of ​​large river-type reservoirs, which has brought great challenges to the regulation of reservoir water levels. Therefore, the rational use of new technologies and methods to improve the accuracy of reservoir water level forecasting in large reservoirs is of great significance to ensuring the safety of the reservoirs themselves and downstream and giving full play to the comprehensive benefits of reservoirs.

[0003] At present, most conventional reservoir flood control calculation methods use static storage capacity calculation methods based on water balance, and obtain the corresponding reservoir water level by querying the water level storage capacity curve forecast through the change of reservoir storage. This calculation method has a clear physical basis and can easily and quickly obtain the reservoir water level forecast process of the reservoir. However, in the calculation of the reservoir level of large river-type reservoirs, the influence of dynamic storage capacity is inevitable, and the reservoir water level forecast results obtained by static storage capacity flood control calculation have a large deviation from the actual. The current reservoir flood control calculation method considering the influence of dynamic storage capacity is mainly based on the evolution of river floods based on the hydrodynamic model, but in actual forecasting operations, the hydrodynamic model relies on the measured data of the interval section and the calculation speed is slow. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and system for rapid calculation of reservoir flood control based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, to achieve rapid calculation of reservoir water level taking into account the influence of dynamic storage capacity, to quickly perform reservoir flood control calculation in real-time forecasting, to balance calculation accuracy and efficiency, and to provide important support for reservoir scheduling consultation and decision-making.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, comprising the following specific steps:

[0007] Step S1, collecting reservoir data and constructing an initial reservoir hydraulic model;

[0008] Step S2, collecting alignment samples, including calibration samples and test samples, using the calibration samples and the test samples to test the initial reservoir hydraulic model to obtain the reservoir hydraulic model;

[0009] Step S3, extracting measured flood data, dividing into multiple water inflow schemes, setting different outflow flows for each water inflow scheme and inputting them into the reservoir area hydraulic model for calculation, obtaining sample nodes, and constructing a dynamic reservoir capacity curve diagram;

[0010] Step S4: Based on the continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level being equal to the calculated value of the dynamic storage capacity curve, the water balance equation is used to calculate backwards for each period to obtain the process forecast of the flood control level within the forecast period.

[0011] Step S1 specifically comprises:

[0012] Step S11, collecting hydrological data of each section of the main stream of the reservoir area, hydrological data of the upstream river channel of the reservoir area, topographic data of the reservoir area, measured historical flood data and data of each water level station;

[0013] Step S12: constructing an initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area based on the upstream river hydrological data and reservoir area topographic data.

[0014] The step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0015] Step S21, based on the reservoir design flood standard, extract N groups of flood processes with large flow levels in the measured historical floods, and sequentially input them into the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, calculate the highest reservoir water level data of the N groups of flood processes as test samples, N is a positive integer greater than 5;

[0016] Step S22: set M different outflow flows for each group of inflow flood processes, and sequentially input them into the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, calculate the highest reservoir water level data as the rate fixed point sample, where M is a positive integer greater than 10;

[0017] Step S23: Use the test sample to verify the calibration sample, adjust the parameters of the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, and obtain the hydraulic model of the reservoir area.

[0018] Step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0019] Step S31, extracting measured historical flood data, and dividing the water supply schemes into X types from small to large based on the amount of water entering the reservoir, where X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3;

[0020] Step S32: for each water inflow scheme, set Y outflows from small to large, where Y is a positive integer greater than 5, and input them into the reservoir hydraulic model in sequence, calculate the highest water level in front of the dam, extract the water level of each station in the main stream of the reservoir at the time corresponding to the highest water level in front of the dam, calculate the water storage capacity of each river section, sum the water storage capacity of each river section, and obtain the total storage capacity of the reservoir;

[0021] Step S33: based on the total storage capacity of the reservoir area, the inflow, the outflow and the highest water level in front of the dam, the sample nodes of the dynamic storage capacity curve are obtained to construct the dynamic storage capacity curve.

[0022] The step S33 is specifically as follows:

[0023] Step S33a, extracting the calculated flow of the staggered synthesis superposition interval of the upstream station of the reservoir area as the inflow flow;

[0024] Step S33b, constructing discrete nodes of the dynamic storage capacity curve, i.e., sample nodes, based on the total storage capacity of the reservoir area, the inflow, the outflow and the highest water level in front of the dam;

[0025] Step S33c: calculate all discrete nodes in sequence, and use correlation graphs to model all discrete nodes to obtain dynamic storage capacity curves.

[0026] The step S4 is specifically as follows:

[0027] Step S41: Based on the reservoir dispatch plan, the dispatch forecast period is divided into R time periods according to the outflow size, where R is a natural number greater than 3, wherein the outflow at the beginning of the selected time period is the outflow at the end of the previous time period, and the outflow at the end of the selected time period is the outflow at the next time period;

[0028] Step S42, extracting storage capacity curves of each section from the hydrological data of each section of the main stream of the reservoir area, inputting the water levels of each station in the main stream of the reservoir area at the forecast time into the storage capacity curves of each section, calculating the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at that time, inputting the inflow, the outflow at the beginning of the period and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area into the dynamic storage capacity curve to obtain the reservoir water level, extracting the actual reservoir water level at the beginning of the period, and calculating the difference between the reservoir water level and the actual reservoir water level as the water level correction value;

[0029] Step S43, determine whether the outbound flow rate has changed during the time period, if not, proceed to S43a, if changed, proceed to S43b;

[0030] Step S44, performing steps S41-S43 for R time periods in sequence to obtain a process forecast of the flood level adjustment within the forecast period;

[0031] The step S43 is specifically as follows:

[0032] Step S43a, when the outflow rate in the time period remains unchanged, calculate the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period, input the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period and the outflow rate at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, and obtain the reservoir water level. The sum of the reservoir water level and the water level correction value is the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period;

[0033] Step S43b, when the outflow rate changes during a period, the total storage capacity of the period is calculated using the storage capacity curve corresponding to the outflow rate at the end of the period, and the total storage capacity at the end of the period and the outflow rate at the end of the period are input into the dynamic storage capacity curve to calculate the reservoir water level at the end of the period. At the same time, it is assumed that the water level correction value is 0, and the change process of the total water storage value is recorded to obtain the actual reservoir water level during the period.

[0034] The step S43a is specifically as follows:

[0035] Step S42a1, based on the inflow forecast, obtain the inflow at the end of the time period, and calculate the average inflow in the time period based on the inflow at the beginning of the time period and the inflow at the end of the time period;

[0036] Step S42a2: obtain the outflow at the end of the time period based on the reservoir dispatch plan, and calculate the average outflow in the time period based on the outflow at the beginning of the time period and the outflow at the end of the time period;

[0037] Step S42a3, calculating the change in water volume during the period based on the average inflow and the average outflow during the period;

[0038] Step S42a4, add the change in water storage during the time period and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the beginning of the time period to obtain the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period, input the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period and the outflow flow at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, calculate the reservoir water level at the end of the time period, add the reservoir water level at the end of the time period and the water level correction value to obtain the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period.

[0039] The step S43b is specifically as follows:

[0040] Step S43b1, repeating steps S42a1 to S42a3 to obtain the change in water volume during the time period;

[0041] Step S43b2, input the actual reservoir water level at the beginning of the period into the reservoir capacity curve corresponding to the outflow water volume at the end of the period, calculate the total reservoir capacity at the beginning of the period, add the total reservoir capacity at the beginning of the period and the change in the water volume during the period to obtain the total reservoir capacity at the end of the period;

[0042] Step S43b3, input the total storage capacity at the end of the time period and the outflow flow at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, and calculate the storage water level at the end of the time period;

[0043] Step S43b4, assuming that the water level correction value is 0, that is, the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period is equal to the reservoir water level at the end of the time period, calculate the change in the total water storage capacity of the reservoir area, and calculate the change in the actual reservoir water level within the time period.

[0044] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a rapid calculation system for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, the system comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory comprising a program for a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, the program for the rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve implementing the following steps when executed by the processor: collecting reservoir data and constructing an initial reservoir hydraulic model; collecting alignment samples, including calibration samples and test samples, using the calibration samples and the test samples to verify the initial reservoir hydraulic model to obtain a reservoir hydraulic model; extracting measured flood data, dividing the data into a plurality of water inflow schemes, setting different outflow flows for each water inflow scheme and inputting the flows into the reservoir hydraulic model for calculation to obtain sample nodes and construct a dynamic storage capacity curve diagram; based on the continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level being equal to the calculated value of the dynamic storage capacity curve, using the water balance equation to calculate backwards for each time period to obtain a process forecast of the flood control level within the foreseeable period.

[0045] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program code, and when the program code is executed by a processor, the steps of the rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on the dynamic storage capacity curve as described above are implemented.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] The rapid calculation method of reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve can combine water level storage capacity curve and hydraulic method to realize reservoir water level flood control calculation more simply, quickly and accurately, and can provide more accurate and rapid forecast information support for reservoir scheduling and operation management and flood and drought disaster prevention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 It is the storage flow plan diagram of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 It is the dynamic storage capacity curve diagram of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 It is a process forecast flow chart of the present invention for completing the flood level adjustment within the forecast period. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0054] The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0055] The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor should they be understood as requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step S1, collecting reservoir data and constructing an initial reservoir hydraulic model;

[0058] Step S2, collecting alignment samples, including calibration samples and test samples, using the calibration samples and the test samples to test the initial reservoir hydraulic model to obtain the reservoir hydraulic model;

[0059] Step S3, extracting measured flood data, dividing into multiple water inflow schemes, setting different outflow flows for each water inflow scheme and inputting them into the reservoir area hydraulic model for calculation, obtaining sample nodes, and constructing a dynamic reservoir capacity curve diagram;

[0060] Step S4: Based on the continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level being equal to the calculated value of the dynamic storage capacity curve, the water balance method is used to calculate backwards for each period to obtain the process forecast of the flood control level within the forecast period.

[0061] The water flow state of the reservoir during floods is a non-steady flow. Strictly speaking, the dynamic storage capacity flood control should be calculated according to the non-steady flow calculation method. However, due to the limitations of data conditions, a simplified calculation method is generally adopted to approximately consider the influence of the dynamic equation, and a flood control method based on the dynamic storage capacity curve is often used.

[0062] The dynamic storage capacity of a reservoir is determined by the water surface line of the reservoir area. The water surface line of the reservoir area at a certain moment mainly depends on factors such as the water level in front of the dam, the inflow and outflow of the reservoir, etc. Therefore, a dynamic storage capacity curve is established with the inflow and outflow of storage capacity influencing factors as parameters. The single static storage capacity curve can be changed into a set of dynamic storage capacity curves, and the dynamic storage capacity curve method that takes into account changes can be used for flood control calculations.

[0063] In the actual operation of the reservoir, the composition of incoming water is complex, and the unit load and the operating conditions of the discharge structure change frequently, resulting in the continuous change of the outflow flow. The water level in front of the dam is in an unstable state most of the time. In summary, the evolution conditions of the incoming water in the reservoir area after entering the reservoir vary greatly, and the non-steady flow characteristics are significant. If all samples in the flood evolution process are selected to establish the dynamic storage capacity curve, it is impossible to quantify the simultaneous correspondence between the water level in front of the dam, the inflow flow, the outflow flow and the total storage capacity. Obviously, it is impossible to summarize a dynamic storage capacity curve with a good law. In each flood, when the water level in front of the dam climbs to the highest point, the flood evolution in the reservoir area reaches a critical stable state. The water surface line of the reservoir area is relatively fixed at this moment, and the hydrological and hydraulic conditions in the reservoir area are relatively stable, which can be understood as a similar stable flow. Therefore, when the outflow flow and the inflow flow are constant, it is expected to obtain a good correspondence between the highest water level in front of the dam and the total storage capacity at the same time, and then obtain a better dynamic storage capacity curve result.

[0064] Therefore, the present invention provides a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on dynamic storage capacity curve, establishes a hydraulic model integrating interval flow generation and reservoir flood evolution; selects multiple groups of inflow and outflow flow processes, adopts reservoir hydraulic model to perform flood control calculation, extracts the highest reservoir water level data in the calculation results as the line determination sample; designs multiple inflow schemes; sets the outflow flow of different flow levels, uses reservoir hydraulic model as a tool for trial calculation, collects sample data, and obtains dynamic storage capacity curve; takes the two major principles of water level calculation process continuity and the highest reservoir water level equal to the dynamic storage capacity curve check value, and based on the water balance equation, calculates backward for each time period to complete the process forecast of flood control level within the foreseeable period.

[0065] The step S1 is further as follows:

[0066] Step S11, collecting hydrological data of each section of the main stream of the reservoir area, hydrological data of the upstream river channel of the reservoir area, topographic data of the reservoir area, measured historical flood data and data of each water level station;

[0067] Step S12: constructing an initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area based on the upstream river hydrological data and reservoir area topographic data.

[0068] In this embodiment, according to the latest collected topographic data and based on measured hydrological data, a hydraulic model is constructed by calibrating parameters;

[0069] According to the distribution of water systems in the reservoir area and the control of hydrological stations, the entire area is divided into several sub-areas, and rainfall-runoff models are established for each of them;

[0070] According to the geographical location of each sub-zone, the established model is coupled with the hydraulic model to establish a reservoir area hydrological and hydraulic coupling model.

[0071] The step S2 is further as follows:

[0072] Step S21, based on the reservoir design flood standard, extract N groups of flood processes with large flow levels in the measured historical floods, and sequentially input them into the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, calculate the highest reservoir water level data of the N groups of flood processes as test samples, N is a positive integer greater than 5;

[0073] Step S22: set M different outflow flows for each group of inflow flood processes, and sequentially input them into the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, calculate the highest reservoir water level data as the rate fixed point sample, where M is a positive integer greater than 10;

[0074] Step S23: Use the test sample to verify the calibration sample, adjust the parameters of the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, and obtain the hydraulic model of the reservoir area.

[0075] In this embodiment, the route-setting samples can be divided into calibration samples and test samples. According to the reservoir design flood standard, multiple groups of inflow flood processes with larger flow levels are selected, and different outflow flows are assumed. The reservoir hydraulic model is used to perform flood control calculations, and the highest reservoir water level data in the calculation results are extracted as calibration sample points. Flood processes measured in recent years are selected, and the reservoir hydraulic model is used to perform flood control calculations, and the highest reservoir water level data of the flood events are extracted as test sample points.

[0076] like Figure 2 He Ru Figure 3 , the step S3 is further as follows:

[0077] Step S31, extracting measured historical flood data, and dividing the water supply schemes into X types from small to large based on the amount of water entering the reservoir, where X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3;

[0078] In this embodiment, the inflow scheme takes into account the evolution of floods in the reservoir area due to the influence of dynamic storage capacity. The highest reservoir water level in the flood control process generally occurs near the moment when the inflow and outflow of the water withdrawal section are equal, that is, the inflow at this moment is slightly greater than the outflow, or slightly less than the outflow, or equal to the outflow. Therefore, based on the design flood process, the influence of dynamic storage capacity is taken into consideration to design a variety of inflow processes for different water withdrawal processes.

[0079] Step S32: for each water inflow scheme, set Y outflows from small to large, where Y is a positive integer greater than 5, and input them into the reservoir hydraulic model in sequence, calculate the highest water level in front of the dam, extract the water level of each station in the main stream of the reservoir at the time corresponding to the highest water level in front of the dam, calculate the water storage capacity of each river section, sum the water storage capacity of each river section, and obtain the total storage capacity of the reservoir;

[0080] In this embodiment, different outflow flow process plans are set according to different inflow water plans. The constructed hydraulic model is used as a tool to perform flood control calculations to obtain the water levels of each station on the main stream of the reservoir at the time corresponding to the highest water level in front of the dam for this flood control. The water storage capacity of each section is calculated for each river section, and the total reservoir capacity is obtained by summing them up.

[0081] Step S33: based on the total storage capacity of the reservoir area, the inflow, the outflow and the highest water level in front of the dam, the sample nodes of the dynamic storage capacity curve are obtained to construct the dynamic storage capacity curve.

[0082] The step S33 is further as follows:

[0083] Step S33a, extracting the calculated flow of the staggered synthesis superposition interval of the upstream station of the reservoir area as the inflow flow;

[0084] Step S33b, constructing discrete nodes of the dynamic storage capacity curve, i.e., sample nodes, based on the total storage capacity of the reservoir area, the inflow, the outflow and the highest water level in front of the dam;

[0085] Step S33c: calculate all discrete nodes in sequence, and use correlation graphs to model all discrete nodes to obtain dynamic storage capacity curves.

[0086] In this embodiment, the constructed dynamic storage capacity curve is a fixed multi-level outflow flow, and each level of outflow flow corresponds to a set of dynamic storage capacity curves with the reservoir inflow flow as a parameter.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, the step S4 is further as follows:

[0088] Step S41: Based on the reservoir dispatch plan, the dispatch forecast period is divided into R time periods according to the outflow size, where R is a natural number greater than 3, wherein the outflow at the beginning of the selected time period is the outflow at the end of the previous time period, and the outflow at the end of the selected time period is the outflow at the next time period;

[0089] Step S42, extracting storage capacity curves of each section from the hydrological data of each section of the main stream of the reservoir area, inputting the water levels of each station in the main stream of the reservoir area at the forecast time into the storage capacity curves of each section, calculating the total storage capacity V1 of the reservoir area at that time, inputting the inflow, the outflow at the beginning of the period and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area into the dynamic storage capacity curve, obtaining the reservoir water level Z1′, extracting the actual reservoir water level Z1 at the beginning of the period, and calculating the difference between the reservoir water level and the actual reservoir water level as the water level correction value ΔZ=Z1-Z1′;

[0090] Step S43, determine whether the outbound flow rate has changed during the time period, if not, proceed to S43a, if changed, proceed to S43b;

[0091] Step S44, perform steps S41-S43 for R time periods in sequence to obtain a process forecast of the flood level adjustment within the forecast period.

[0092] The step S43 is further as follows:

[0093] Step S43a, when the outflow rate in the time period remains unchanged, calculate the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period, input the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period and the outflow rate at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, and obtain the reservoir water level. The sum of the reservoir water level and the water level correction value is the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period;

[0094] Step S43b, when the outflow rate changes during a period, the total storage capacity of the period is calculated using the storage capacity curve corresponding to the outflow rate at the end of the period, and the total storage capacity at the end of the period and the outflow rate at the end of the period are input into the dynamic storage capacity curve to calculate the reservoir water level at the end of the period. At the same time, it is assumed that the water level correction value is 0, and the change process of the total water storage value is recorded to obtain the actual reservoir water level during the period.

[0095] The step S43a is further as follows:

[0096] Step S42a1, based on the inflow forecast, obtain the inflow at the end of the time period, and calculate the average inflow in the time period based on the inflow at the beginning of the time period and the inflow at the end of the time period;

[0097] Step S42a2: obtain the outflow at the end of the time period based on the reservoir dispatch plan, and calculate the average outflow in the time period based on the outflow at the beginning of the time period and the outflow at the end of the time period;

[0098] Step S42a3, calculating the change in water volume during the period based on the average inflow and the average outflow during the period;

[0099] Step S42a4, add the change in water storage during the time period and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the beginning of the time period to obtain the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period V2=V1+ΔV, input the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period and the outflow flow at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, calculate the reservoir water level Z2′ at the end of the time period, add the reservoir water level at the end of the time period and the water level correction value to obtain the actual reservoir water level Z2=Z2′+ΔZ at the end of the time period.

[0100] The step S43b is further as follows:

[0101] Step S43b1, repeating steps S42a1 to S42a3 to obtain the change in water volume during the time period;

[0102] Step S43b2, input the actual reservoir water level at the beginning of the period into the reservoir capacity curve corresponding to the outflow water volume at the end of the period, calculate the total reservoir capacity at the beginning of the period V1′=f(q2,z1), add the total reservoir capacity at the beginning of the period to the change in the water volume during the period to obtain the total reservoir capacity at the end of the period V2′=V1′+ΔV;

[0103] Step S43b3, input the total storage capacity at the end of the time period and the outflow flow at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, and calculate the storage water level at the end of the time period;

[0104] Step S43b4, assuming that the water level correction value is 0, that is, the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period is equal to the reservoir water level at the end of the time period, calculate the change in the total water storage capacity of the reservoir area, and calculate the change in the actual reservoir water level within the time period.

[0105] In this embodiment, since the above-mentioned reservoir water level calculation process only considers the continuity of water level changes and water balance in each period, the water level process still needs to be corrected accordingly. First, the highest reservoir water level point and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the corresponding time are identified, and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area corresponding to the highest reservoir water level point is input into the dynamic storage capacity curve to calculate the highest reservoir water level calculation value, and corrections are performed respectively according to the two periods before and after the highest reservoir water level appears:

[0106] Before the highest reservoir water level occurs, the water level process correction is performed according to the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] After the highest reservoir water level occurs, the water level process correction is performed according to the following formula:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, nmax is the highest water level point, Z'max is the calculated value of the highest reservoir water level, Zmax is the highest reservoir water level point, and i is the time when the highest reservoir water level occurs;

[0111] The process forecast of flood level adjustment within the forecast period can be completed by calculating backwards for each time period.

[0112] In this embodiment, the use of dynamic reservoir capacity curve for flood control calculation overcomes the phenomenon of water level process jump caused by changing the dynamic reservoir capacity working curve, and ensures the relative accuracy of the maximum reservoir water level.

[0113] The size of the wedge-shaped water volume of the dynamic storage capacity of the reservoir is mainly affected by the height of the water level in front of the dam, the size of the inflow and outflow of the reservoir, and depends on the shape of the water surface line in the reservoir area. When the flow in the reservoir area is large, the slope of the reservoir water surface will be steeper, and the corresponding dynamic storage capacity water volume will inevitably increase, and vice versa. Therefore, if there is a dynamic storage capacity curve corresponding to different inflow and outflow flows, according to the principle of water balance, through the conversion of storage and discharge relations, flood control calculations considering dynamic storage capacity conditions can be realized. If the calculation period is extended to a period from the forecast time to the time when the highest reservoir water level appears, the simplified calculation of the highest reservoir water level under the dynamic storage capacity condition can be realized.

[0114] In this embodiment, firstly, because the highest reservoir water level appears in the water withdrawal stage, the difference in the inflow mainly reflects the difference in the water withdrawal process. Assuming different inflow processes, different outflow flow process plans are set respectively. The hydraulic model is used as a tool to perform flood control calculations. It is necessary to ensure that the highest water level in front of the dam appears within the time range of the set outflow flow. Otherwise, the outflow plan is readjusted for trial calculation until the above requirements are met. The water levels of each station on the main stream of the reservoir at the time corresponding to the highest water level in front of the dam for this flood control are obtained, and the water storage capacity of each section is calculated for each river section. The total reservoir capacity is obtained by summing up. The calculated flow of the reservoir's staggered synthetic superposition interval is used as the inflow, which constitutes a discrete node on the dynamic reservoir capacity curve. Similarly, for all sample nodes, related graph modeling is performed to obtain the dynamic reservoir capacity curve.

[0115] Secondly, when performing dynamic reservoir capacity flood control calculations, since the incoming water is no longer a steady flow, the flow at each location is not equal in the long reservoir area from the reservoir tail to the dam, and the inflow and outflow flow values ​​are directly based on the flood reporting and forecast values ​​of the inflow and outflow flows. Based on the water balance equation, if the outflow flow changes during the period, the water level jump in the calculation reservoir caused by the change in the reservoir capacity curve is smoothed. Based on the two principles of continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level equal to the dynamic reservoir capacity curve calculation value, a process flood control idea based on the dynamic reservoir capacity curve is established.

[0116] The embodiment of the present application is a rapid calculation system for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, the system comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory comprising a program for a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, the program for the rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve implementing the following steps when executed by the processor: collecting reservoir data and constructing an initial reservoir hydraulic model; collecting alignment samples, including calibration samples and test samples, using the calibration samples and the test samples to verify the initial reservoir hydraulic model to obtain a reservoir hydraulic model; extracting measured flood data, dividing it into a plurality of water inflow schemes, setting a different outflow flow for each water inflow scheme and inputting the flow into the reservoir hydraulic model for calculation, obtaining sample nodes, and constructing a dynamic storage capacity curve diagram; based on the continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level being equal to the calculated value of the dynamic storage capacity curve, using the water balance equation to calculate backwards for each time period to obtain a process forecast of the flood control level within the foreseeable period.

[0117] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by a processor, the steps of the method for rapid calculation of reservoir flood control calculation based on dynamic storage capacity curve as described above are implemented.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0119] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0120] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0121] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0122] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0123] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0124] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0125] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step S1, collecting reservoir data and constructing an initial reservoir hydraulic model; Step S2, collecting alignment samples, including calibration samples and test samples, using the calibration samples and the test samples to test the initial reservoir hydraulic model to obtain the reservoir hydraulic model; Step S3, extracting measured flood data, dividing into multiple water inflow schemes, setting different outflow flows for each water inflow scheme and inputting them into the reservoir area hydraulic model for calculation, obtaining sample nodes, and constructing a dynamic reservoir capacity curve diagram; Step S4: Based on the continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level being equal to the calculated value of the dynamic storage capacity curve, the water balance equation is used to calculate backwards for each period to obtain the process forecast of the flood control level within the forecast period.

2. According to claim 1, a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve is characterized in that: Step S1 specifically comprises: Step S11, collecting hydrological data of each section of the main stream of the reservoir area, hydrological data of the upstream river channel of the reservoir area, topographic data of the reservoir area, measured historical flood data and data of each water level station; Step S12: constructing an initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area based on the upstream river hydrological data and reservoir area topographic data.

3. The rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 is specifically as follows: Step S21, based on the reservoir design flood standard, extract N groups of flood processes with large flow levels in the measured historical floods, and sequentially input them into the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, calculate the highest reservoir water level data of the N groups of flood processes as test samples, N is a positive integer greater than 5; Step S22: set M different outflow flows for each group of inflow flood processes, and sequentially input them into the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, calculate the highest reservoir water level data as the rate fixed point sample, where M is a positive integer greater than 10; Step S23: Use the test sample to verify the calibration sample, adjust the parameters of the initial hydraulic model of the reservoir area, and obtain the hydraulic model of the reservoir area.

4. The rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S3 is specifically as follows: Step S31, extracting measured historical flood data, and dividing the water supply schemes into X types from small to large based on the amount of water entering the reservoir, where X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3; Step S32: for each water inflow scheme, set Y outflows from small to large, where Y is a positive integer greater than 5, and input them into the reservoir hydraulic model in sequence, calculate the highest water level in front of the dam, extract the water level of each station in the main stream of the reservoir at the time corresponding to the highest water level in front of the dam, calculate the water storage capacity of each river section, sum the water storage capacity of each river section, and obtain the total storage capacity of the reservoir; Step S33: based on the total storage capacity of the reservoir area, the inflow, the outflow and the highest water level in front of the dam, the sample nodes of the dynamic storage capacity curve are obtained to construct the dynamic storage capacity curve.

5. A rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S33 is specifically as follows: Step S33a, extracting the calculated flow of the staggered synthesis superposition interval of the upstream station of the reservoir area as the inflow flow; Step S33b, constructing discrete nodes of the dynamic storage capacity curve, i.e., sample nodes, based on the total storage capacity of the reservoir area, the inflow, the outflow and the highest water level in front of the dam; Step S33c: calculate all discrete nodes in sequence, and use correlation graphs to model all discrete nodes to obtain dynamic storage capacity curves.

6. The rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S4 is specifically as follows: Step S41: Based on the reservoir dispatch plan, the dispatch forecast period is divided into R time periods according to the outflow size, where R is a natural number greater than 3, wherein the outflow at the beginning of the selected time period is the outflow at the end of the previous time period, and the outflow at the end of the selected time period is the outflow at the next time period; Step S42, extracting storage capacity curves of each section from the hydrological data of each section of the main stream of the reservoir area, inputting the water levels of each station in the main stream of the reservoir area at the forecast time into the storage capacity curves of each section, calculating the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at that time, inputting the inflow, the outflow at the beginning of the period and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area into the dynamic storage capacity curve to obtain the reservoir water level, extracting the actual reservoir water level at the beginning of the period, and calculating the difference between the reservoir water level and the actual reservoir water level as the water level correction value; Step S43, determine whether the outbound flow rate has changed during the time period, if not, proceed to S43a, if changed, proceed to S43b; Step S44, performing steps S41-S43 for R time periods in sequence to obtain a process forecast of the flood level adjustment within the forecast period; The step S43 is specifically as follows: Step S43a, when the outflow rate in the time period remains unchanged, calculate the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period, input the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period and the outflow rate at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, and obtain the reservoir water level. The sum of the reservoir water level and the water level correction value is the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period; Step S43b, when the outflow rate changes during a period, the total storage capacity of the period is calculated using the storage capacity curve corresponding to the outflow rate at the end of the period, and the total storage capacity at the end of the period and the outflow rate at the end of the period are input into the dynamic storage capacity curve to calculate the reservoir water level at the end of the period. At the same time, it is assumed that the water level correction value is 0, and the change process of the total water storage value is recorded to obtain the actual reservoir water level during the period.

7. A rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S43a is specifically as follows: Step S42a1, based on the inflow forecast, obtain the inflow at the end of the time period, and calculate the average inflow in the time period based on the inflow at the beginning of the time period and the inflow at the end of the time period; Step S42a2: obtain the outflow at the end of the time period based on the reservoir dispatch plan, and calculate the average outflow in the time period based on the outflow at the beginning of the time period and the outflow at the end of the time period; Step S42a3, calculating the change in water volume during the period based on the average inflow and the average outflow during the period; Step S42a4, add the change in water storage during the time period and the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the beginning of the time period to obtain the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period, input the total storage capacity of the reservoir area at the end of the time period and the outflow flow at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, calculate the reservoir water level at the end of the time period, add the reservoir water level at the end of the time period and the water level correction value to obtain the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period.

8. The rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step S43b is specifically as follows: Step S43b1, repeating steps S42a1 to S42a3 to obtain the change in water volume during the time period; Step S43b2, input the actual reservoir water level at the beginning of the period into the reservoir capacity curve corresponding to the outflow water volume at the end of the period, calculate the total reservoir capacity at the beginning of the period, add the total reservoir capacity at the beginning of the period and the change in the water volume during the period to obtain the total reservoir capacity at the end of the period; Step S43b3, input the total storage capacity at the end of the time period and the outflow flow at the end of the time period into the dynamic storage capacity curve, and calculate the storage water level at the end of the time period; Step S43b4, assuming that the water level correction value is 0, that is, the actual reservoir water level at the end of the time period is equal to the reservoir water level at the end of the time period, calculate the change in the total water storage capacity of the reservoir area, and calculate the change in the actual reservoir water level within the time period.

9. A rapid calculation system for reservoir flood control based on dynamic storage capacity curve, characterized in that: The system comprises: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises a program of a rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve, and when the program of the rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on a dynamic storage capacity curve is executed by the processor, the following steps are implemented: collecting reservoir data and constructing an initial reservoir hydraulic model; collecting route determination samples, including calibration samples and test samples, using the calibration samples and the test samples to test the initial reservoir hydraulic model to obtain a reservoir hydraulic model; extracting measured flood data, dividing a plurality of water inflow schemes, setting different outflow flows for each water inflow scheme and inputting the flows into the reservoir hydraulic model for calculation, obtaining sample nodes, and constructing a dynamic storage capacity curve diagram; based on the continuous water level calculation process and the highest reservoir water level being equal to the calculated value of the dynamic storage capacity curve, using the water balance equation to calculate backwards from time period to time period to obtain a process forecast of the flood control level within the forecast period.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by a processor, the steps of the rapid calculation method for reservoir flood control calculation based on dynamic storage capacity curve as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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