Simple high-temperature gas cooled reactor cooling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple high-temperature gas cooled reactor cooling device, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear power cooling. According to the simple high-temperature gas cooled reactor cooling device, the heat pipe technology is adopted for simplifying the structure, safety and economical efficiency are improved, heat exchange between helium and supplied water is achieved through the heat pipe heat exchange pipes, heat is transferred to the heat release end after being absorbed by the heat absorption end of the heat pipe, heat transfer is achieved, the heat pipe is vertically arranged, short in length and small in thermal stress, the two ends freely stretch out and draw back, and the thermal stress problem is avoided; detection equipment is easy to reach, in-service inspection is facilitated, the heat pipe isolates a primary helium side and a secondary water supply / steam side, safety accidents caused by heat pipe breakage are prevented, extra flow distribution is not needed, the equipment safety level is reduced, cost is reduced, continuous pollution discharge is achieved, heat transfer pipe corrosion is prevented, no height difference exists between a reactor and a heat pipe heat exchanger, construction is simplified, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power cooling, and in particular to a simple high-temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the coolant system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is composed of the reactor pressure vessel, hot gas duct, main helium blower, steam generator and other main equipment.

[0003] However, the existing cooling system has a steam generator that is a small spiral coil heat exchanger. The internal structure of this heat exchanger is complex, and it is difficult to solve the stress of the heat transfer tube and in-service inspection. The helium on the primary side of the steam generator and the feed water on the secondary side are separated by the wall of the heat transfer tube. In the case of a rupture of the heat exchange tube, the water on the secondary side enters the primary side and then enters the reactor core, corroding the fuel elements and posing a hazard to safe operation. The flow distribution on the primary and secondary sides of the steam generator is uneven, resulting in a large temperature difference at the steam outlet, causing excessive thermal stress at the nozzle. The primary side of the steam generator is nuclear safety level one and the secondary side is nuclear safety level two. The equipment requirements are high, which increases the equipment cost. The water quality on the secondary side of the steam generator cannot be controlled and sewage cannot be discharged. The ions on the secondary side continue to accumulate and the concentration becomes higher and higher, which continuously corrodes the heat transfer tube and causes hidden dangers. In order to prevent the water / steam in the steam generator from entering the reactor core when the heat transfer tube ruptures, the steam generator is located lower than the reactor pressure vessel, resulting in a large amount of negative excavation of the plant during the construction phase, which increases the construction cost and other problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the fact that the internal structure of the heat exchanger in the above-mentioned prior art is complex and it is difficult to solve the problems of heat transfer tube stress and in-service inspection, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the internal structure of the heat exchanger is complex, and it is difficult to solve the problems of heat transfer tube stress and in-service inspection.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device, comprising:

[0007] A heat pipe heat exchanger, the heat pipe heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange outer tube, heat pipe fins and a heat exchange inner tube, the heat exchange outer tube is arranged inside the heat pipe heat exchanger, the heat exchange outer tube is arranged outside the heat exchange outer tube, and the heat exchange inner tube is arranged inside the heat exchange outer tube;

[0008] A reactor pressure vessel, wherein a heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged at one end of the reactor pressure vessel, the reactor pressure vessel comprises a hot gas duct inner tube, a helium outer junction box and a main helium blower, a hot gas duct inner tube is arranged between the reactor pressure vessel and the helium outer junction box, and a main helium blower is arranged on the outside of the helium outer junction box.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: a steam nozzle is provided on the heat pipe heat exchanger, and a sewage nozzle is provided on the outer side of the heat pipe heat exchanger.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: two groups of mutually symmetrical heat exchange outer tubes are arranged in the steam nozzle, and the heat exchange outer tubes include a heat release section, a heat pipe insulation section, a heat pipe absorption section and a flow channel. The heat exchange outer tubes are provided with a heat release section, a heat pipe insulation section and a heat pipe absorption section from top to bottom, and the outer side of the heat exchange outer tube is also provided with a flow channel, and a heat pipe lining is provided inside the heat exchange outer tube.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a heat pipe nozzle is arranged on the heat exchange outer tube, a positioning buckle is arranged on the heat pipe nozzle, and a water supply nozzle connected to the inside of the heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged between the heat exchange outer tubes.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the inner diameter of the heat exchange outer tube is larger than the maximum diameter of the heat exchange inner tube, the heat exchange inner tube comprises an inner tube skirt and an inner tube channel, an inner tube channel is reserved on the heat exchange inner tube, a guide fillet is arranged in the inner tube channel, an inner tube skirt is arranged at one end of the heat exchange inner tube, a guide swirl groove is arranged in the inner tube skirt, and a heat exchange medium is arranged in the heat exchange inner tube.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a steam channel is also provided in the heat exchange inner tube, a connecting rod is provided at one end of the heat exchange inner tube, the connecting rod is a "T"-shaped structure, and a positioning slot is provided on the connecting rod.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: guide fins and diverter fins are arranged on the outside of the heat exchange inner tube, the structure of the diverter fins is the same as that of the guide fins, the guide fins include a cooling side, a connecting groove and a dissipation side, the upper end of the guide fin is provided with a cooling side, the lower end of the cooling side is provided with a dissipation side, and one end of the cooling side and the dissipation side is provided with a connecting groove.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: a hot gas conduit outer tube is arranged outside the hot gas conduit inner tube, the hot gas conduit inner tube is connected to the inside of a helium outer junction box, a helium inner junction box is arranged inside the helium outer junction box, and a helium partition is arranged between the helium inner junction box and the helium outer junction box.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the main helium blower is arranged on a side of the helium outer junction box away from the inner tube of the hot gas duct, and an inlet pipe is arranged on the main helium blower.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: a water supply pipeline is arranged between the heat pipe heat exchanger and the reactor pressure vessel, and the position of the water supply pipeline corresponds to the position of the water supply nozzle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the simple high-temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device adopts a heat pipe technology with a simple structure to realize heat exchange between helium as a reactor coolant and feed water. In this process, the helium first transfers heat energy to the heat-absorbing end of the heat pipe, and then the end absorbs heat and transfers it to the heat-releasing end, and finally realizes heat energy transfer to the feed water. The heat pipe is arranged vertically, and its length is optimized to reduce thermal stress. At the same time, the free telescopic design at both ends of the heat pipe eliminates the potential problem of excessive thermal stress. In view of the short length and large cross-section of the heat pipe, the accessibility of the detection equipment is guaranteed, making in-service inspection more convenient. The design of the heat pipe ensures that the helium on the primary side and the feed water / steam on the secondary side are isolated from each other. Even in the extreme case of a rupture of the heat pipe, The feed water / steam on the secondary side will not penetrate into the primary side, thus fundamentally preventing safety accidents that may be caused by rupture of the heat transfer tube. In addition, the heat pipe heat exchanger eliminates the need for flow distribution between the primary helium side and the secondary feed water / steam side. The primary helium side of the heat pipe heat exchanger and the heat pipe absorption section are classified as nuclear safety level one, while the secondary feed water / steam side and the insulation section and heat release section of the heat pipe are defined as non-safety level. This safety level division effectively reduces the safety requirements of the equipment, thereby reducing costs and enhancing economy. The device also supports continuous sewage discharge function, effectively avoiding the accumulation of pollutants and corrosion to the heat transfer tube. In terms of construction, there is no height difference between the reactor pressure vessel and the heat pipe heat exchanger, which simplifies the construction process and reduces the workload of negative excavation, thereby significantly reducing construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a concise heat exchange outer tube of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a concise heat exchange outer tube of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a concise heat exchange inner tube of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a simple heat exchange outer tube and a heat exchange inner tube of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a concise heat exchange inner tube of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of a concise guide fin of a high temperature gas-cooled reactor reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a concise guide fin of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor reactor cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0031] Furthermore, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device, comprising:

[0034] The heat pipe heat exchanger 100 includes a heat exchange outer tube 102, a heat pipe fin 104 and a heat exchange inner tube 107. The heat exchange outer tube 102 is arranged inside the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, the heat pipe fin 104 is arranged outside the heat exchange outer tube 102, and the heat exchange inner tube 107 is arranged inside the heat exchange outer tube 102;

[0035] A reactor pressure vessel 200, a heat pipe heat exchanger 100 is disposed at one end of the reactor pressure vessel 200, the reactor pressure vessel 200 comprises a hot gas conduit inner tube 201, a helium outer junction box 203 and a main helium blower 206, a hot gas conduit inner tube 201 is disposed between the reactor pressure vessel 200 and the helium outer junction box 203, and a main helium blower 206 is disposed outside the helium outer junction box 203;

[0036] Preferably, a steam nozzle 101 is provided on the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, a sewage nozzle 105 is provided on the outside of the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, a hot gas conduit outer pipe 202 is provided on the outside of the hot gas conduit inner pipe 201, and the hot gas conduit inner pipe 201 is connected to the inside of the helium outer header 203;

[0037] Furthermore, a helium inner box 204 is arranged in the helium outer box 203, a helium partition 205 is arranged between the helium inner box 204 and the helium outer box 203, a main helium fan 206 is arranged on the side of the helium outer box 203 away from the hot gas duct inner tube 201, and an inlet pipe 207 is arranged on the main helium fan 206.

[0038] In this embodiment, the steam inside the device is discharged through the steam nozzle 101, and at the same time, the sewage inside the device is discharged through the sewage nozzle 105 to maintain the cleanliness of the internal environment. In addition, the thermal stress inside the device is effectively released by the main helium fan 206 arranged in the helium external connection box 203 to perform helium filling operations. The structural design of the helium external connection box 203 and the helium internal connection box 204 is intended to reduce the escape of helium during the helium filling process, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of the device.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 4 , it is concluded that: two groups of mutually symmetrical heat exchange outer tubes 102 are arranged in the steam nozzle 101, and the heat exchange outer tube 102 includes a heat pipe heat release section 102a, a heat pipe heat insulation section 102b, a heat pipe heat absorption section 102c and a flow channel 102d. The heat exchange outer tube 102 is provided with a heat pipe heat release section 102a, a heat pipe heat insulation section 102b and a heat pipe heat absorption section 102c from top to bottom, and a flow channel 102d is also arranged on the outside of the heat exchange outer tube 102, and a heat pipe lining 102e is arranged inside the heat exchange outer tube 102;

[0041] Preferably, a heat pipe nozzle 103 is provided on the heat exchange outer tube 102, a positioning buckle 103a is provided on the heat pipe nozzle 103, a water supply nozzle 106 connected to the inside of the heat pipe heat exchanger 100 is provided between the heat exchange outer tubes 102, a water supply pipe 208 is provided between the heat pipe heat exchanger 100 and the reactor pressure vessel 200, and the position of the water supply pipe 208 corresponds to the position of the water supply nozzle 106.

[0042] In this embodiment: the heat exchange outer pipe 102 equipped inside the heat pipe heat exchanger 100 is responsible for cooling the hot steam entering the device. The heat exchange outer pipe 102 achieves efficient cooling of the hot steam through the coordinated work of the heat pipe heat release section 102a, the heat pipe insulation section 102b and the heat pipe absorption section 102c in its structure. The heat pipe fins 104 installed on the outside of the heat exchange outer pipe 102 expand its heat dissipation area, thereby accelerating the heat dissipation and heat exchange process. As for the installation and positioning of the heat exchange inner pipe 107, it is achieved through a specially designed front narrow and rear wide positioning buckle 103a, which not only ensures the stable installation of the heat exchange inner pipe 107, but also provides precise guiding positioning during operation.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Combined with Figure 3-4 , it is concluded that: two groups of mutually symmetrical heat exchange outer tubes 102 are arranged in the steam nozzle 101, and the heat exchange outer tubes 102 include a heat pipe heat release section 102a, a heat pipe heat insulation section 102b, a heat pipe heat absorption section 102c and a flow channel 102d. The heat exchange outer tubes 102 are provided with a heat pipe heat release section 102a, a heat pipe heat insulation section 102b and a heat pipe heat absorption section 102c from top to bottom, and a flow channel 102d is also arranged on the outside of the heat exchange outer tube 102;

[0045] Preferably, the inner diameter of the heat exchange outer tube 102 is larger than the maximum diameter of the heat exchange inner tube 107, the heat exchange inner tube 107 comprises an inner tube skirt 107a and an inner tube channel 107b, the heat exchange inner tube 107 is reserved with an inner tube channel 107b, a flow guide fillet 107b-1 is arranged in the inner tube channel 107b, an inner tube skirt 107a is arranged at one end of the heat exchange inner tube 107, a flow guide swirl groove 107a-1 is arranged in the inner tube skirt 107a, a heat exchange medium 108 is arranged in the heat exchange inner tube 107, and the heat exchange medium 108 is preferably deionized water, and can also be other media such as sodium, mercury, gallium, sodium-potassium alloy, etc.;

[0046] Furthermore, a steam channel 107c is provided in the heat exchange inner tube 107, and a connecting rod 107d is provided at one end of the heat exchange inner tube 107. The connecting rod 107d is a "T"-shaped structure, and a positioning slot 107d-1 is provided on the connecting rod 107d.

[0047] In addition, the number of main helium blowers 206 can be increased to two to meet different work requirements. The design of the heat exchange outer tube 102 allows the heat exchange inner tube 107 to be omitted or replaced by a liquid wick to optimize the heat exchange performance. According to the requirement of maximizing the heat transfer efficiency, the filling amount and pressure of the working fluid in the heat exchange outer tube 102 can be adjusted. The design form of the flow channel 102d can be diverse, including elliptical or semicircular, etc., and the number of flow channels 102d beside each heat exchange outer tube 102 can also be set to three or other numbers according to design requirements. As for the connection method between the heat exchange outer tube 102 and the heat pipe fins 104, expansion or welding technology can be used to ensure the stability and sealing of the structure.

[0048] In this embodiment: the upper end of the heat exchange inner tube 107 is equipped with an inner tube channel 107b. This design allows the heat exchange medium 108 to seep out through the channel and work together with the different functional sections on the heat exchange outer tube 102 to optimize the heat exchange efficiency. The lower end of the heat exchange inner tube 107 is provided with an inner tube skirt 107a, which is combined with the heat pipe liner 102e to seal the heat exchange medium 108 in the heat pipe heat absorption section 102c in the non-working state. In the working state, since the internal heating position is at the lower end, the steam generated during heating will move upward, and the inner tube skirt 107a will automatically lift up.

[0049] The preferred heat exchange medium 108 is desalted water, whose low electrical conductivity and low dissolved solids content help reduce corrosion and scaling in the heat exchange system and improve heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, due to the low ion content in the desalted water, the corrosion effect on the heat exchanger material is limited, which not only helps to extend the service life of the equipment, but also further improves the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the heat exchange inner tube 107 is fixed by a connecting rod 107d with a "T" shape structure. This structure not only limits the movement range of the heat exchange inner tube 107, but also facilitates the staff to disassemble and replace it, ensuring the convenience of equipment maintenance.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Combined with Figures 5 to 8 , it is concluded that: a guide fin 107e and a diverter fin 107f are arranged on the outer side of the heat exchange inner tube 107, the structure of the diverter fin 107f is the same as that of the guide fin 107e, the guide fin 107e includes a cooling side 107e-1, a connecting groove 107e-2 and a dissipation side 107e-3, the upper end of the guide fin 107e is arranged with the cooling side 107e-1, the lower end of the cooling side 107e-1 is arranged with the dissipation side 107e-3, and one end of the cooling side 107e-1 and the dissipation side 107e-3 is arranged with a connecting groove 107e-2.

[0052] In this embodiment: the guide fin 107e is arranged on one side of the inner tube channel 107b, and its function is to effectively divert the steam ejected from the inner tube channel 107b. The guide fin 107e is composed of a cooling side 107e-1 at the upper end and a dissipation side 107e-3 at the lower end, wherein the angle of the cooling side 107e-1 is small, while the angle of the dissipation side 107e-3 is large. This design enables the steam to disperse and flow in two directions when it contacts the guide fin 107e. On the side of the guide fin 107e away from the inner tube channel 107b, a diverter fin 107f is arranged, and its structure is consistent with that of the guide fin 107e, and also includes the cooling side 107e- 1 and the escape side 107e-3, the midpoint of the escape side 107e-3 of the diverter fin 107f is aligned with the extension line of the cooling side 107e-1 of the guide fin 107e, ensuring that the steam continues to be effectively diverted on the escape side 107e-3. Since the angle of the cooling side 107e-1 is small, the steam is easy to condense into water and accumulate after contacting the cooling side, while the escape side 107e-3 has a large angle, so that the steam condensed into water drips downward under the action of gravity and then gathers on the cooling side 107e-1 of the lower fin. As the heat exchange inner tube 107 rotates, the centrifugal force causes these water droplets to be thrown outward, thereby achieving effective dispersion of the steam and discharge of the condensed water.

[0053] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: hot helium enters the helium inner header 204 through the hot gas conduit inner tube 201, and then flows through the heat pipe heat absorption section 102c of the heat exchange outer tube 102. During this process, the heat pipe fins 104 are responsible for transferring heat from the hot helium to the heat exchange medium 108 in the heat exchange outer tube 102. The heat exchange medium 108 absorbs heat and is converted into steam, and rises along the heat exchange inner tube 107, thereby entering the heat pipe heat release section 102a in the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, and pushing the heat exchange inner tube 107 to move upward, so that the inner tube skirt 107a is separated from the heat pipe lining 102e.

[0054] In the heat pipe heat release section 102a, the steam passes through the inner tube channel 107b of the heat exchange inner tube 107, and again passes through the heat pipe fins 104 to transfer heat to the feed water or steam in the heat pipe heat exchanger 100. Subsequently, the heat exchange medium 108 cools down and condenses into water after releasing heat, flows downward along the gap between the heat exchange inner tube 107 and the heat exchange outer tube 102, and finally returns to the heat pipe heat absorption section 102c in the helium inner header 204, completing the heat absorption and heat release cycle, and preparing for the next cycle. This process is repeated to achieve continuous heat exchange;

[0055] The guide fin 107e is arranged on one side of the inner tube channel 107b, and is responsible for effectively diverting the ejected steam. A guide swirl groove 107a-1 is specially designed inside the lower end of the inner tube skirt 107a. This structure causes the steam generated by the heated heat exchange medium 108 to rotate during the rising process, thereby driving the heat exchange inner tube 107 to rotate. When the rotating airflow passes through the inner tube channel 107b, the inclination direction of the channel is consistent with the rotation direction of the guide swirl groove 107a-1, which further promotes the rotation momentum of the steam. The guide fin 107e is composed of a cooling side 107e-1 at the upper end and a dissipation side 107e-3 at the lower end. The angle of the cooling side 107e-1 is small, while the angle of the dissipation side 107e-3 is large. This design allows the steam to be diverted in two directions when it contacts the guide fin. The side away from the inner tube channel 107b is provided with a diverter fin 107f, and its structure is similar to that of the guide fin. The fin 107e is the same as the fin 107e, and also has a cooling side 107e-1 and a dissipation side 107e-3. The midpoint of the dissipation side 107e-3 of the diverter fin 107f is aligned with the extension line of the cooling side 107e-1 of the guide fin 107e, ensuring the continuous diversion and guidance of the steam on the dissipation side 107e-3. The cooling side 107e-1 has a smaller angle, so it is easy for the steam to adhere and condense into water, while the dissipation side 107e-3 has a larger angle, so that the liquefied water droplets drip under the action of gravity and are thrown outward with the help of centrifugal force when the heat exchange inner tube 107 rotates. In this process, the steam between the heat exchange inner tube 107 and the heat exchange outer tube 102 is in a rotating state. Due to the centrifugal force, the more completely gasified light steam gathers inward, while the liquefied heavy water droplets are thrown out. As the gas rotates, the high-temperature steam rises and the low-temperature steam falls, forming a temperature gradient, thereby promoting a continuous heat absorption and heat release cycle;

[0056] The hot helium is converted into cold helium after being cooled by the heat exchange outer tube 102, and accumulates at the bottom of the helium inner header box 204. Then, the cold helium flows upward through the gap between the helium inner header box 204 and the helium outer header box 203, and enters the main helium blower 206 through the inlet pipe 207 when reaching the helium baffle 205. Inside the main helium blower 206, the cold helium is pressurized and discharged to the upper space of the helium baffle 205, and finally enters the reactor pressure vessel through the hot gas duct outer tube 202.

[0057] The feed water enters the heat pipe heat exchanger 100 through the feed water pipe 208 and the feed water nozzle 106, and absorbs heat in the heat pipe heat release section 102a of the heat exchange outer tube 102 to be converted into steam, which is discharged through the steam nozzle 101. As the feed water continues to evaporate, the concentration of impurity ions increases, and the sewage discharge operation is performed through the sewage discharge nozzle 105 to reduce the corrosion effect of the impurity ions on the heat exchange outer tube 102 and the wall surface of the heat pipe heat exchanger 100;

[0058] The heat exchange outer tube 102 is arranged vertically, and its heat release section 102a is located inside the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, while the heat absorption section 102c is located inside the helium inner header box 204. The heat pipe insulation section 102b is located between the helium inner header box 204 and the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, and is provided with an insulation layer on the outside to implement insulation treatment to prevent heat exchange with the outside. The pressure-bearing boundary of the helium outer header box 203 and the part of the heat exchange outer tube 102 inside the helium outer header box 203 are classified as nuclear safety level 1 equipment. In contrast, the heat pipe heat exchanger 100 and other parts of the heat exchange outer tube 102 are classified as non-safety level.

[0059] The helium outer header 203 is not in direct contact with the heat pipe heat exchanger 100, ensuring that water / steam in the heat pipe heat exchanger 100 will not penetrate into the helium outer header 203 or the helium inner header 204, thereby fundamentally avoiding the situation where water / steam invades the reactor pressure vessel. Even in the extreme case that the heat pipe heat absorbing section 102c of the heat exchange outer tube 102 ruptures, only a small amount of heat exchange medium 108 may enter the reactor pressure vessel 200. Due to its limited amount, it will not affect nuclear safety. Considering The pressure of the heat exchange outer tube 102 may be lower than the helium pressure in the helium inner header 204, and the possibility of the heat exchange medium 108 penetrating into the reactor pressure vessel 200 is further reduced. The simultaneous rupture of the heat pipe heat absorption section 102c and the heat pipe heat release section 102a is not listed as a design basis accident because of its extremely low probability of occurrence. Each heat exchange outer tube 102 is equipped with a heat pipe nozzle 103 to monitor the integrity of the heat exchange outer tube 102 during the shutdown and maintenance period, and to repair it in time when a rupture is detected;

[0060] The helium inner header box 204 is isolated from the cold helium and only withstands high temperature without directly facing the high pressure difference. Although the helium outer header box 203 withstands the high pressure difference, its temperature is lower, which reduces the complexity and cost of the manufacturing process.

[0061] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a number of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible, for example, the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​such as temperature, pressure, etc., mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc., without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of the execution function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0062] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment may not be described, i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention.

[0063] It should be understood that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production without undue experimentation.

[0064] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device, characterized in that: include, A heat pipe heat exchanger (100), the heat pipe heat exchanger (100) comprising a heat exchange outer tube (102), a heat pipe fin (104) and a heat exchange inner tube (107); the heat exchange outer tube (102) is arranged inside the heat pipe heat exchanger (100); the heat pipe fin (104) is arranged outside the heat exchange outer tube (102); and the heat exchange inner tube (107) is arranged inside the heat exchange outer tube (102); and A reactor pressure vessel (200), wherein a heat pipe heat exchanger (100) is arranged at one end of the reactor pressure vessel (200), the reactor pressure vessel (200) comprises a hot gas conduit inner tube (201), a helium external junction box (203) and a main helium blower (206), the hot gas conduit inner tube (201) is arranged between the reactor pressure vessel (200) and the helium external junction box (203), and the main helium blower (206) is arranged outside the helium external junction box (203).

2. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe heat exchanger (100) is provided with a steam nozzle (101), and the outer side of the heat pipe heat exchanger (100) is provided with a sewage discharge nozzle (105).

3. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two groups of mutually symmetrical heat exchange outer tubes (102) are arranged inside the steam nozzle (101); the heat exchange outer tubes (102) comprise a heat pipe heat release section (102a), a heat pipe heat insulation section (102b), a heat pipe heat absorption section (102c) and a circulation channel (102d); the heat exchange outer tubes (102) are provided with a heat pipe heat release section (102a), a heat pipe heat insulation section (102b) and a heat pipe heat absorption section (102c) from top to bottom; the outer side of the heat exchange outer tube (102) is also provided with a circulation channel (102d); and a heat pipe lining (102e) is provided inside the heat exchange outer tube (102).

4. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange outer tube (102) is provided with a heat pipe nozzle (103), the heat pipe nozzle (103) is provided with a positioning buckle (103a), and a water supply nozzle (106) connected to the inside of the heat pipe heat exchanger (100) is provided between the heat exchange outer tubes (102).

5. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the heat exchange outer tube (102) is greater than the maximum diameter of the heat exchange inner tube (107); the heat exchange inner tube (107) comprises an inner tube skirt (107a) and an inner tube channel (107b); an inner tube channel (107b) is reserved on the heat exchange inner tube (107); a flow guide fillet (107b-1) is arranged in the inner tube channel (107b); an inner tube skirt (107a) is arranged at one end of the heat exchange inner tube (107); a flow guide swirl groove (107a-1) is arranged in the inner tube skirt (107a); and a heat exchange medium (108) is arranged in the heat exchange inner tube (107).

6. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A steam channel (107c) is also provided in the heat exchange inner tube (107), and a connecting rod (107d) is provided at one end of the heat exchange inner tube (107). The connecting rod (107d) is arranged in a "T"-shaped structure, and a positioning slot (107d-1) is provided on the connecting rod (107d).

7. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide fin (107e) and a diverter fin (107f) are arranged on the outside of the heat exchange inner tube (107); the structure of the diverter fin (107f) is the same as that of the guide fin (107e); the guide fin (107e) comprises a cooling side (107e-1), a connecting groove (107e-2) and a dissipation side (107e-3); the cooling side (107e-1) is arranged at the upper end of the guide fin (107e); the dissipation side (107e-3) is arranged at the lower end of the cooling side (107e-1); and one end of the cooling side (107e-1) and the dissipation side (107e-3) is provided with a connecting groove (107e-2).

8. The concise high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hot gas conduit outer tube (202) is arranged outside the hot gas conduit inner tube (201); the hot gas conduit inner tube (201) is connected to the inside of a helium outer junction box (203); a helium inner junction box (204) is arranged inside the helium outer junction box (203); and a helium partition plate (205) is arranged between the helium inner junction box (204) and the helium outer junction box (203).

9. The simple high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main helium blower (206) is arranged on a side of the helium outer junction box (203) away from the inner tube (201) of the hot gas conduit, and an inlet pipe (207) is arranged on the main helium blower (206).

10. The concise high temperature gas-cooled reactor cooling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A water supply pipe (208) is provided between the heat pipe heat exchanger (100) and the reactor pressure vessel (200), and the position of the water supply pipe (208) corresponds to the position of the water supply nozzle (106).

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