Low-energy-consumption and high-efficiency self-suction type electric vehicle battery protection device

Abstract

The invention aims to provide the self-suction type electric vehicle battery protection device which is low in energy consumption and high in efficiency. The air compressor has the advantages that air can be compressed in a natural air suction mode, compressed air is generated, and energy consumption is reduced. And then vortex air is generated, cold air and hot air are generated in the vortex air separation process, the cold air cools the battery in the battery box, it is guaranteed that the temperature of the battery is constant under high working efficiency, and spontaneous combustion of the battery is prevented. And finally, the hot air is reused through the expansion end of the turbo expander, energy is provided for compressed air, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power battery safety, and in particular to a low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles refer to vehicles that use electric vehicle batteries as power, use motors to drive wheels, and comply with various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. With the vigorous development of China's new energy vehicle industry, more and more consumers choose new energy vehicles as a means of travel. The safety of new energy vehicles has also attracted increasing attention from the industry and consumers. As a core component, the thermal safety design of power batteries is particularly important. How to prevent thermal runaway and thermal expansion is a difficult problem faced by the industry. For example, when a vehicle is hit, the battery box is easily hit, causing the battery to deform, directly hitting the battery in the battery box, causing battery damage, electrolyte leakage, and even possible battery combustion or explosion, causing greater losses. The main cause of thermal runaway of power batteries is internal short circuit caused by mechanical abuse, electrical abuse, and thermal abuse. When a single battery cell is thermally runaway, if there is no good thermal insulation and flame retardant measures, it may spread to surrounding batteries and even battery packs and the entire vehicle. At present, an electric vehicle battery protection system with patent number CN 111409461 A solves the problem of electrolyte leakage and battery combustion or even explosion caused by electric vehicles being damaged by impact by means of material obstruction. However, it requires the addition of a backup battery, and the battery is thrown out to protect the vehicle when a problem occurs with the battery, which not only increases energy consumption but also wastes energy. In summary, the present invention provides a low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-energy consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device. Its advantage is that it can compress air by natural aspiration to generate compressed air and reduce energy consumption. Then vortex air is generated. In the separation process of the vortex air, cold air and hot air are generated. The cold air cools the batteries in the battery box to ensure that the batteries are kept at a constant temperature under high working efficiency and prevent the batteries from spontaneous combustion. Finally, the hot air is reused through the expansion end of the turbine expander to provide energy for the compressed air and improve efficiency.

[0004] Technical Solution

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is a low-energy consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device, which comprises a self-priming front air collector (1), a turbo expander boost end (2), a compressor (3), an air vortex integrator (4), an air vortex separator (5), a battery box (6), a battery box cold air outlet (7), a turbo expander expansion end (8), naturally inhaled air (9), turbo expander boosted air (10), compressor pressurized air (11), air vortex separated cold air (12), battery box outlet air (13), air vortex separated hot air (14), air after the turbo expander expansion end (15), an air vortex separator cold air outlet (16), an air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and an air vortex separator tangent inlet (18).

[0006] When the electric vehicle is running, air enters through a self-priming front air collector (1), and the naturally inhaled air (9) enters the unactivated turbo expander booster end (2) through a pipeline and then enters the compressor (3) to form compressor pressurized air (11). The self-priming front air collector (1) is made of metal and has different numbers of channels designed according to the size of the front area of ​​the vehicle, so as to enrich the air in the transmission pipeline.

[0007] The naturally inhaled air (9) after enrichment is connected to the inlet of the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander through a pipeline. When the turbine expander is not started, the naturally inhaled air (9) enters the compressor (3) for compression to form compressor pressurized air (11). The compressor (3) is a miniature DC air compressor with a voltage range of 48 to 53 V, a maximum current of 7 A, an exhaust pressure of 3 to 10 bar, and an outlet exhaust volume range of 1 m 3 / min~10m 3 / min, the compressor speed is variable.

[0008] After the compressor pressurizes the air (11), it is connected to the air vortex integrator (4) through a pipeline, and the compressed air in the air vortex separator tangent inlet (18) in the air vortex integrator (4) enters the air vortex separator (5) to form vortex air. The air vortex integrator (4) is a hollow cylinder, which is welded on the air vortex separator (5) and covers the air vortex separator tangent inlet (18), and the height of the central control cylinder can be adjusted according to the intake volume; the air vortex separator tangent inlet (18) on the air vortex separator (5) can be adjusted in angle; the air vortex separator (5) is made of metal.

[0009] The vortex air moves in the air vortex separator (5) toward the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and the hot air (14) separated by the air vortex is discharged through the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and the reverse cold air is discharged through the air vortex separator cold air outlet (16). The air vortex separator hot air outlet (17) is an intermediate truncated cone structure arranged at the center of the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17) and leaving a certain gap with the wall of the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and the gap can be adjusted; the air vortex separator cold air outlet (16) is a hollow truncated cone structure, and the size of the central channel can be adjusted.

[0010] The principle of hot and cold separation of vortex air lies in the high-speed rotation and energy separation of compressed air. When compressed air enters the air vortex separator (5) through the tangential inlet (18) of the air vortex separator, the air flows toward the hot air outlet (17) of the air vortex separator in a high-speed rotating manner. In this process, the air in the outer layer will heat up, while the air in the inner layer will cool down. The separation of hot and cold air is due to the friction and heat exchange generated by the air during the rotation process. The cold air rotates in the opposite direction along the center of the air vortex separator (5) and flows out, while the hot air flows out from the hot end of the air vortex separator (5). By adjusting the gas flow at the hot end, the temperature and flow of the cold end airflow can be controlled.

[0011] The cold air (12) separated by the air vortex flows enters the battery box (6) to ensure that the battery temperature is constant, and then the battery box outlet air (13) is discharged from the battery box cold air outlet (7). The battery box (6) is made of metal and is provided with a gas distribution plate inside to ensure that the cold air passes through the battery evenly.

[0012] The hot air (14) separated by the air vortex flows enters the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander for adiabatic expansion, and then the air (15) is discharged from the expansion end of the turbine expander. The expansion end (8) of the turbine expander adiabatically expands the hot air (14) separated by the air vortex flows, performs work externally, and drives the booster end (2) of the turbine expander to compress the air, thereby consuming the internal energy of the hot air itself.

[0013] The advantages of the present invention are: 1. Fully utilizing the airflow generated by the electric vehicle during driving to form compressed air, thereby reducing energy consumption; 2. After the electric vehicle is started, the driving speed is relatively slow, and the pressure of the self-inhaled air cannot meet the effect of producing hot and cold air, so it is necessary to generate compressed air through a compressor (3). When the mechanical energy generated by the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander is sufficient to enable the boost end (2) of the turbine expander to generate compressed air, the compressor (3) is turned off to achieve a low energy consumption and high efficiency cooling effect; 3. By changing the angle of the tangent inlet (18) of the air vortex separator, the gap of the hot air outlet (17) of the air vortex separator, and the size of the central hole of the cold air outlet (16) of the air vortex separator, the temperature of the hot and cold air is controlled, thereby producing cold air to ensure the constant temperature of the power battery, and fully recycling the hot air, thereby achieving a low energy consumption and high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 They are respectively a structural schematic diagram of a low-energy consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device, a tangent inlet cross-section diagram of an air eddy current separator, and a schematic diagram of the cold and hot air outlets of an air eddy current separator.

[0015] In the figure: 1. Self-priming front air collector, 2. Turbine expander boost end, 3. Compressor, 4. Air vortex integrator, 5. Air vortex separator, 6. Battery case, 7. Battery case cold air outlet, 8. Turbine expander expansion end, 9. Naturally inhaled air, 10. Turbine expander boosted air, 11. Compressed air from compressor, 12. Cold air separated by air vortex, 13. Battery case outlet air, 14. Hot air separated by air vortex, 15. Air after turbine expander expansion end, 16. Air vortex separator cold air outlet, 17. Air vortex separator hot air outlet, 18. Tangential inlet of air vortex separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The operation process of a low-energy consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device is as follows:

[0017] S1 The electric vehicle starts, the compressor (3) starts and compresses the naturally inhaled air (9) to form compressor pressurized air (11).

[0018] S2 adjusts the angle of the tangent inlet (18) of the air vortex separator, the gap of the hot air outlet (17) of the air vortex separator, and the size of the central channel of the cold air outlet (16) of the air vortex separator to control the temperature of the hot and cold air and ensure that the hot air temperature is high and the flow rate is large.

[0019] The hot air (14) separated by the S3 air vortex flows enters the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander, and adiabatically expands the hot air (14) separated by the S3 air vortex flows to perform work externally, thereby driving the booster end (2) of the turbine expander to perform air compression.

[0020] S4 reduces the power of the compressor (3) according to the air pressure after the air is compressed at the boost end (2) of the turbo expander.

[0021] S5 adjusts the angle of the tangent inlet (18) of the air vortex separator, the gap of the hot air outlet (17) of the air vortex separator, and the size of the central channel of the cold air outlet (16) of the air vortex separator. The cold air can ensure the constant temperature of the battery, and the hot air can provide the turbo expander boost end with self-priming air compression, thereby forming a balanced temperature control.

[0022] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. Such improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device, characterized in that: The device comprises a self-priming front air collector (1), a turbo expander boost end (2), a compressor (3), an air vortex integrator (4), an air vortex separator (5), a battery box (6), a battery box cold air outlet (7), a turbo expander expansion end (8), naturally inhaled air (9), turbo expander boosted air (10), compressor pressurized air (11), air vortex separated cold air (12), battery box outlet air (13), air vortex separated hot air (14), air after the turbo expander expansion end (15), an air vortex separator cold air outlet (16), an air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and an air vortex separator tangent inlet (18).

2. According to claim 1, a low-energy consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device is characterized in that: When the electric vehicle is running, air enters through a self-priming front air collector (1), and the naturally inhaled air (9) enters the boost end (2) of an unactivated turbine expander through a pipeline and then enters the compressor (3) to form compressor pressurized air (11). The self-priming front air collector (1) is made of metal and has different numbers of holes designed according to the size of the front area of ​​the vehicle, so as to enrich the air in the transmission pipeline.

3. A low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: The naturally inhaled air (9) after enrichment is connected to the inlet of the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander through a pipeline. When the turbine expander is not started, the naturally inhaled air (9) enters the compressor (3) for compression to form compressor pressurized air (11). The compressor (3) is a miniature DC air compressor with a voltage range of 48 to 53 V, a maximum current of 7 A, an exhaust pressure of 3 to 10 bar, and an outlet exhaust volume range of 1 m 3 / min~10m 3 / min, the compressor speed is variable.

4. A low energy consumption, high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that: After the compressor pressurizes the air (11), it is connected to the air vortex integrator (4) through a pipeline, and the compressed air in the air vortex separator tangent inlet (18) in the air vortex integrator (4) enters the air vortex separator (5) to form vortex air. The air vortex integrator (4) is a hollow cylinder, which is welded on the air vortex separator (5) and covers the air vortex separator tangent inlet (18). The height of the central control cylinder can be adjusted according to the intake amount; the air vortex separator tangent inlet (18) on the air vortex separator (5) can be adjusted in angle; the air vortex separator (5) is made of metal.

5. A low energy consumption, high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that: The vortex air moves in the air vortex separator (5) toward the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and the hot air (14) separated by the air vortex is discharged through the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and the reverse cold air is discharged through the air vortex separator cold air outlet (16). The air vortex separator hot air outlet (17) is an intermediate truncated cone structure arranged at the center of the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17) and leaving a certain gap with the wall of the air vortex separator hot air outlet (17), and the gap can be adjusted; the air vortex separator cold air outlet (16) is a hollow truncated cone structure, and the size of the central channel can be adjusted.

6. A low energy consumption, high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that: The principle of hot and cold separation of vortex air lies in the high-speed rotation and energy separation of compressed air. When the compressed air enters the air vortex separator (5) through the tangential inlet (18) of the air vortex separator, the air flows toward the hot air outlet (17) of the air vortex separator in a high-speed rotating manner. In this process, the air in the outer layer will heat up, while the air in the inner layer will cool down. The separation of hot and cold air is due to the friction and heat exchange generated by the air during the rotation process. The cold air rotates in the opposite direction along the center of the air vortex separator (5) and flows out, while the hot air flows out from the hot end of the air vortex separator (5). By adjusting the gas flow at the hot end, the temperature and flow of the air flow at the cold end can be controlled.

7. A low energy consumption, high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that: The cold air (12) separated by the air vortex flows enters the battery box (6) to ensure that the battery temperature is constant, and then the battery box outlet air (13) is discharged from the battery box cold air outlet (7). The battery box (6) is made of metal and is provided with a gas distribution plate inside, which can ensure that the cold air passes through the battery evenly.

8. A low energy consumption, high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, characterized in that: The hot air (14) separated by the air vortex flows enters the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander for adiabatic expansion, and then the air (15) is discharged from the expansion end of the turbine expander. The expansion end (8) of the turbine expander adiabatically expands the hot air (14) separated by the air vortex flows, performs work externally, and drives the booster end (2) of the turbine expander to compress the air, thereby consuming the internal energy of the hot air itself.

9. A low-energy-consumption, high-efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The advantages of the present invention are:

1. Fully utilizing the airflow generated by the electric vehicle during driving to form compressed air, thereby reducing energy consumption; 2. After the electric vehicle is started, the driving speed is relatively slow, and the pressure of the self-inhaled air cannot meet the effect of producing hot and cold air, so it is necessary to generate compressed air through a compressor (3). When the mechanical energy generated by the expansion end (8) of the turbine expander is sufficient to enable the boost end (2) of the turbine expander to generate compressed air, the compressor (3) is turned off to achieve a low energy consumption and high efficiency cooling effect; 3. By changing the angle of the tangent inlet (18) of the air vortex separator, the gap of the hot air outlet (17) of the air vortex separator, and the size of the central hole of the cold air outlet (16) of the air vortex separator, the temperature of the hot and cold air is controlled, thereby producing cold air to ensure the constant temperature of the power battery, and fully recycling the hot air, thereby achieving a low energy consumption and high efficiency self-priming electric vehicle battery protection device.

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