Auscultation system

Abstract

The auscultation system comprises a pickup collection and signal processing system, a heart and lung sound intelligent detection system and a remote cloud server system, the pickup collection and signal processing system comprises a wearable device and a main control computer, and the wearable device is provided with a plurality of pickup sensors; the plurality of pickup sensors are arranged on the wearable equipment in an array mode and are used for collecting heart and lung sound data of different areas at the same time; and the main control computer is used for filtering the collected heart and lung sound data, transmitting the processed heart and lung sound data to the intelligent terminal so as to carry out identification and diagnosis on the intelligent terminal and display a result, and transmitting the processed heart and lung sound data to the remote cloud server system through a network function of the intelligent terminal. The telescopic part is additionally arranged on the pickup sensor, automatic adjustment of the telescopic part is achieved through air pressure control, it is ensured that the pickup sensor can be close to the bodies of users with different figures, therefore, more accurate heart and lung sound signals are captured, and the accuracy and reliability of the auscultation system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent medical technology, and in particular to a stethoscope system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional auscultation mainly relies on doctors to use stethoscopes to listen directly to the patient's heart and lung sounds and other physiological signals. However, this method has many limitations, such as the effect of auscultation is greatly affected by the doctor's experience and it is difficult to accurately analyze and store the sound. With the advancement of science and technology, especially the rapid development of electronic technology and information technology, electronic auscultation systems have emerged. Electronic auscultation systems integrate advanced sensor technology, signal processing technology and remote communication technology to achieve accurate collection, real-time analysis and remote transmission of physiological signals such as heart and lung sounds.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent publication number CN111657991A discloses a sound collection and signal processing system for collecting heart and lung sounds using an array of sensors; Figure 3 The invention can synchronously collect the cardiopulmonary sounds of various parts of the body; it has an active noise reduction function, and the signal quality is higher than that of traditional electronic stethoscopes; it uses a resonant cavity structure for sound pickup, so that the auscultation effect is optimal and the signal-to-noise ratio of the cardiopulmonary sounds is improved; it uses a sound source localization algorithm to realize the real-time display of the three-dimensional cardiopulmonary state; it uses the "artificial intelligence + big data" method, so that as the number of people using the system increases and the number of collected samples increases, the self-learning function of the system model will make the cardiopulmonary state classification model more and more accurate.

[0004] The existing patent technology has a problem that the size of the vest affects the sound pickup effect of the sound pickup sensor. The size of the vest cannot meet the needs of users of different body shapes, and the sound pickup sensor cannot be adjusted, resulting in inaccurate sound pickup effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a stethoscope system, which adds a telescopic part to the sound pickup sensor and uses air pressure control to achieve automatic adjustment of the telescopic part, ensuring that the sound pickup sensor can be closely attached to the body of users of different body shapes, thereby capturing more accurate cardiopulmonary sound signals and improving the accuracy and reliability of the stethoscope system.

[0006] The present application provides an auscultation system, including a sound collection and signal processing system, a heart and lung sound intelligent detection system and a remote cloud server system, wherein the sound collection and signal processing system includes a wearable device and a main control computer, wherein the wearable device is provided with a plurality of sound collection sensors, wherein an air pressure sensor is provided in the wearable device, wherein a telescopic part is provided on the sound collection sensor, and wherein the air pressure sensor is used to control the telescopic part; The plurality of sound pickup sensors are arranged in an array on the wearable device to simultaneously collect the cardiopulmonary sound data of different regions; the main control machine is used to filter the collected cardiopulmonary sound data, transmit the processed cardiopulmonary sound data to the smart terminal so as to perform identification and diagnosis on the smart terminal and display the results, or transmit the processed cardiopulmonary sound data to a remote cloud server system through the network function of the smart terminal; S101, using a sound pickup sensor with a telescopic part to collect heart and lung sounds; S102, based on step S101, transmitting the collected heart and lung sounds to a main control machine; S103, based on the heart and lung sound data transmitted to the main control computer in step S102, the main control computer transmits the processed heart and lung sound data to the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system; S104, based on step S103, transmitting the heart and lung sound data processed by the network function of the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system to the remote cloud server system; One end of the telescopic part is fixedly arranged on the sound pickup sensor, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the wearable device, the wearable device is a vest, and the interior of the telescopic part is a hollow structure and is connected to the wearable device, the end of the telescopic part connected to the sound pickup sensor is a closed structure, and the end of the telescopic part connected to the wearable device is an open structure; Specific steps for inflating the vest: S201, setting an inflatable cavity inside the vest, and connecting the inflatable interface on the vest to a gas injection device; S202, determining the expansion coefficient and initial volume of the inflatable cavity, and calculating the total volume of the inflated vest according to the expansion coefficient and the initial volume; S203, determining whether the sound pickup sensor is close to the test part by presetting a minimum proximity threshold, when the proximity of the sound pickup sensor is less than or equal to the minimum proximity threshold, it indicates that the sound pickup sensor is close to the test part, otherwise, it indicates that the sound pickup sensor is not close to the test part; S204, the user puts on the vest and uses the gas injection device to adjust the gas pressure inside the vest according to the set pressure range. After adjusting the vest, the user can start the auscultation operation.

[0007] Preferably, an air pressure sensor is provided in the wearable device, and the air pressure sensor includes a control unit and a driving mechanism. The air pressure sensor is used to monitor the external air pressure, and the control unit is used to receive the monitored air pressure data and calculate the telescopic length of the telescopic part according to a preset algorithm. The driving mechanism adjusts the length of the telescopic part according to the instruction of the control unit, and calculates the ratio of the air pressure change to the length of the telescopic part according to the algorithm.

[0008] Preferably, when the vest is not inflated, the dimensions of its key parts are measured and recorded by the water displacement method, and the vest is gradually inflated by increasing the volume of gas by a certain amount each time. After each inflation, the degree of expansion of the vest is measured and recorded, and the proportional relationship between the increase in the volume of the vest and the amount of gas injected, i.e., the expansion coefficient α, is calculated. The gas volume of the vest in the initial state, i.e., the initial volume V0, is calculated and set. For every ΔV volume of gas injected, the degree of expansion of the vest increases by α, and the total volume V of the inflated vest is: V = V0 + αΔV.

[0009] Preferably, the distance between the sound pickup sensor and the test site, i.e., the proximity of the sound pickup sensor, is measured, the data of the gas pressure and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor obtained in the experiment are organized into a set of ordered data sets, and the data are fitted to a function model to obtain a functional relationship between the gas pressure and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor; a minimum proximity threshold is preset, the small proximity threshold is substituted into the function, the corresponding gas pressure value is solved, the maximum pressure is set, and an air pressure range is formed. Within the air pressure range, the distance between the sound pickup sensor and the test site is less than or equal to the minimum proximity threshold.

[0010] Preferably, the step of using the sound pickup sensor to locate the test site is as follows: S301, arranging a plurality of airbags inside the inflatable cavity in step S201; S302, adjusting the movement of the sound pickup sensor on the vest by controlling the inflation amount of the airbag; S303, positioning the test part by adjusting the position of the sound pickup sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the airbag is inflated with different inflation amounts, the inflation amounts and the corresponding moving distances of the sound pickup sensor are recorded, the collected data are plotted into a scatter plot of inflation amount and moving distance of the sound pickup sensor, and the scatter plot is fitted using linear regression to obtain ΔDi=a+b×ΔVi, f(ΔVi)=c+d×ΔVi, wherein ΔVi is the inflation amount, ΔDi is the moving distance, a is the intercept, b is the slope, and c and d are constants obtained by fitting the experimental data; the inflation amount and the corresponding moving distance of the sound pickup sensor are sorted into a corresponding table of inflation amount and moving distance, and the inflation amount closest to the target moving distance is found in the table as the required inflation amount.

[0012] Preferably, the steps of setting up the ambient sound collection device are: S401, setting an ambient sound collection device inside the vest; S402, performing noise reduction processing on the collected ambient sound; S403, calculating the original signal-to-noise ratio and the signal-to-noise ratio after denoising, and comparing the two signal-to-noise ratios. If the signal-to-noise ratio after denoising is greater than the original signal-to-noise ratio, it means that the denoising is effective, otherwise, it is ineffective.

[0013] Preferably, the collected ambient sound is converted into an electrical signal N(t), and the total signal S(t) collected by the sound pickup sensor includes the real sound signal M(t) of the test site and the ambient sound signal N(t), that is, S(t) = M(t) + N(t). The signal S(t) is filtered, and independent component analysis (ICA) is used in the frequency domain to separate the ambient sound component N(t) and the real sound signal M(t). According to the ambient sound signal N(t), the algorithm generates a noise reduction signal C(t) with a phase opposite to that of the ambient sound signal N(t). The noise reduction signal C(t) is superimposed on the ambient sound N(t), and the noise-reduced signal S'(t) = S(t)-C(t).

[0014] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: By adding a telescopic part to the sound pickup sensor and using air pressure control to achieve automatic adjustment of the telescopic part, it is ensured that the sound pickup sensor can be closely attached to the body of users of different body shapes, thereby capturing more accurate heart and lung sound signals, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the auscultation system. Through the quantitative relationship between air pressure control and the telescopic length of the telescopic part, the length of the telescopic part can be precisely controlled, further improving the accuracy and adaptability of the auscultation system, so that the auscultation system can be more widely applicable to users of different body shapes; By inflating the vest as a whole, the adjustable range between the sound pickup sensor and the test part is further increased, so that the sound pickup sensor can be close to the user's body, improving the accuracy of sound capture, thereby improving the overall performance of the auscultation system. Compared with the telescopic part adjustment method in the first embodiment, the second embodiment can accurately adjust the expansion degree of the vest and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor by controlling the gas injection amount and gas pressure. By setting a suitable gas pressure range, it can ensure that the sound pickup sensor maintains an optimal distance from the user's body, thereby improving the accuracy of sound capture; By inflating the airbags in various parts of the vest separately, the position of the sound pickup sensor can be accurately adjusted so that it can be accurately located at different test parts of the body, improving the accuracy and flexibility of auscultation, and making the auscultation system more suitable for patients with different body shapes and conditions; by controlling the inflation volume of the airbags, the expansion degree of the vest and the moving distance of the sound pickup sensor can be accurately adjusted, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the position of the sound pickup sensor. Setting the appropriate inflation volume range and sound pickup sensor moving distance threshold can ensure that the sound pickup sensor is always close to and accurately aligned with the test part during the auscultation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an auscultation system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic part of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process of inflating a vest according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inflatable cavity and the airbag according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a process of positioning a test part by a sound pickup sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a process for setting an ambient sound collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ambient sound collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the back of a vest according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings; the drawings show preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to enable a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosed content of the present invention.

[0017] It should be noted that the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right” and similar expressions used in this document are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0019] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 It is an auscultation system of an embodiment of the present invention, including a sound collection and signal processing system, a cardiopulmonary sound intelligent detection system and a remote cloud server system. The sound collection and signal processing system includes a wearable device and a main control computer, and the wearable device is provided with a plurality of sound collection sensors.

[0020] The plurality of sound pickup sensors are arranged in an array on the wearable device to simultaneously collect the cardiopulmonary sound data of different areas; the main control machine is used to filter the collected cardiopulmonary sound data, transmit the processed cardiopulmonary sound data to the smart terminal so that the smart terminal can identify and diagnose and display the results, or transmit the processed cardiopulmonary sound data to a remote cloud server system through the network function of the smart terminal, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0021] S101, using a sound pickup sensor with a telescopic part to collect heart and lung sounds; Specifically, one end of the telescopic part is fixedly arranged on the sound pickup sensor, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the wearable device, and the interior of the telescopic part is a hollow structure and is connected to the wearable device, the end of the telescopic part connected to the sound pickup sensor is a closed structure, and the end of the telescopic part connected to the wearable device is an open structure. The wearable device in this embodiment refers to a vest, and an air pressure sensor is arranged in the vest. The air pressure sensor includes a control unit (microprocessor) and a driving mechanism (motor). The air pressure sensor monitors the external air pressure in real time. The microprocessor receives the monitored air pressure data and calculates the telescopic length of the telescopic part according to a preset algorithm. The motor adjusts the length of the telescopic part according to the microprocessor instruction. The preset algorithm is to calculate the length that the telescopic part should be telescoped according to the air pressure change, according to the ratio of 0.5 mm telescopic length corresponding to each kilopascal change. The formula is ΔL =0.5×ΔP, where ΔL is the length of the telescopic part, and ΔP is the change in air pressure. The algorithm sets the proportional relationship between the change in air pressure and the length of the telescopic part. For every change of 1 kPa, the telescopic part expands and contracts by 0.5 mm. The expansion and contraction of the telescopic part brings the sound pickup sensor closer to the test site, making the heart and lung sounds collected by the sound pickup sensor more accurate.

[0022] S102, based on step S101, transmitting the collected heart and lung sounds to a main control machine; The collected heart and lung sounds are transmitted to the main control machine, which is used to filter the collected heart and lung sound data. The main control machine includes a signal preprocessing circuit, a multi-channel parallel analog-to-digital conversion chip, an FPGA processor, a WiFi module, an SDRAM data cache module, a local storage module, a digital-to-analog converter, a rechargeable lithium battery, a power management circuit, and an expandable sensor interface circuit; the signal preprocessing circuit is used to divide the collected data of each sound pickup sensor into two parallel filters to obtain filtered heart sound signals and filtered lung sound signals respectively; the multi-channel parallel analog-to-digital conversion chip is used to convert the filtered heart sound signals and the filtered lung sound signals as well as the synchronously collected environmental noise data into a single-channel parallel filter. The data is converted to obtain a digital signal; the FPGA processor is used to drive the multi-channel parallel analog-to-digital conversion chip, the WiFi module, the DAC module and the expandable sensor interface circuit in parallel and at high speed, and runs the active noise reduction algorithm with a self-calibration function to denoise the collected cardiopulmonary sound data; the DAC module is used to drive the speaker to realize the playback function of the standard signal in the active noise reduction algorithm with a self-calibration function; the WiFi module is used to realize the connection between the sound collection and signal processing system and the intelligent terminal, and to transmit the cardiopulmonary sound data; the rechargeable lithium battery and the power management circuit are used to provide power for the electronic stethoscope system.

[0023] S103, based on the heart and lung sound data transmitted to the main control computer in step S102, the main control computer transmits the processed heart and lung sound data to the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system; The intelligent detection system for heart and lung sounds includes an intelligent terminal and an intelligent detection App for heart and lung sounds. The intelligent detection system for heart and lung sounds is configured to utilize a sound source localization algorithm based on sonar time difference. The sound source localization algorithm can accurately calculate the three-dimensional spatial position of the sound source by analyzing the time difference of heart and lung sound signals received by sensors at different positions, and present the heart and lung status in real time in a three-dimensional graphical form.

[0024] S104, based on step S103, transmitting the heart and lung sound data processed by the network function of the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system to the remote cloud server system; Furthermore, the remote cloud server system can receive the pre-processed and preliminarily analyzed heart and lung sound data transmitted from the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system. After receiving the data, the system uses distributed storage technology to securely store the data in the cloud database. The cloud server system has a built-in powerful data analysis engine that can use advanced algorithms such as machine learning and deep learning to perform feature extraction, pattern recognition, anomaly detection and other analyses on the received heart and lung sound data. At the same time, doctors and medical experts can remotely access the cloud server system through the Internet or a dedicated medical network to view the patient's heart and lung sound data and analysis reports. The system also supports data sharing, which allows different medical institutions and experts to easily share patient data.

[0025] The technical solution in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages: by adding a telescopic part to the sound pickup sensor and using air pressure control to realize automatic adjustment of the telescopic part, it is ensured that the sound pickup sensor can be closely attached to the body of users of different body shapes, thereby capturing more accurate cardiopulmonary sound signals, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the auscultation system. Through the quantitative relationship between air pressure control and the telescopic length of the telescopic part, precise control of the length of the telescopic part can be realized, further improving the accuracy and adaptability of the auscultation system, so that the auscultation system can be more widely applicable to users of different body shapes.

[0026] Embodiment 2: Based on the embodiment 1, a telescopic part is provided on the sound pickup sensor, so that the sound pickup sensor can be closer to the test part, and the sound captured by the sound pickup sensor is more accurate. However, the telescopic adjustment range of the sound pickup sensor by the telescopic part is limited. In this embodiment, the vest is inflated as a whole to expand the vest. The expansion of the vest cooperates with the expansion and contraction of the telescopic part to make the sound pickup sensor closer to the test part, thereby increasing the adjustment range between the sound pickup sensor and the test part.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the specific steps of inflating the vest are: S201, setting an inflatable cavity inside the vest, and connecting the inflatable interface on the vest to a gas injection device; Furthermore, an entire continuous inflatable cavity is provided inside the vest, and the inflatable cavities are evenly distributed on the front, back and sides of the vest to ensure that the vest can expand evenly as a whole after inflation to avoid local over-inflation or under-inflation. The entire inflatable cavity is designed as a three-dimensional structure that fits the shape of the vest and can expand evenly and smoothly when inflated to ensure that there are no abrupt bulges or depressions on the surface of the vest. The cavity fits closely to important parts of the human body, especially the chest, back and sides, to ensure that the sound pickup sensor can be closer to these areas, thereby improving the accuracy of sound capture. An inflation interface is provided on the vest for connecting a gas injection device.

[0028] S202, determining the expansion coefficient and initial volume of the inflatable cavity, and calculating the total volume of the inflated vest according to the expansion coefficient and the initial volume; Specifically, the expansion coefficient α of the inflated cavity was determined experimentally, and it was ensured that the experiment was carried out in an environment with relatively constant temperature and humidity to reduce the influence of external factors on the experimental results. A vest of standard size was selected as the experimental object to ensure that its internal air cavity structure was intact and there was no leakage. The gas injection device was connected to the vest air cavity through a connecting pipe, and it was ensured that all joints were well sealed. When the vest was not inflated, the dimensions of its key parts, such as chest circumference, waist circumference, etc., as well as the overall volume of the vest were measured and recorded through the drainage method. The gas volume was increased by 10% each time to gradually inflate the vest. After each inflation, a period of time was waited to allow the vest to fully expand and stabilize. After each inflation, the volume was measured and recorded. The expansion degree of the vest is recorded, including the dimensional changes of key parts and the increase in the overall volume. At the same time, the volume of gas injected each time is recorded. According to the recorded experimental data, the proportional relationship between the increase in the vest volume and the amount of gas injected, that is, the expansion coefficient α, is calculated. The expansion coefficient α represents the increase in the vest volume caused by the unit increase in gas volume. A curve of the vest volume changing with the gas injection amount is drawn, and the accuracy of the expansion coefficient is further verified by the slope of the curve. Based on the experimentally measured expansion coefficient α and user demand analysis, the gas volume of the vest in the initial state, that is, the initial volume V0, is calculated and set. For every ΔV volume of gas injected, the expansion degree of the vest increases by α, and the total volume V of the vest after expansion is: V = V0 + αΔV.

[0029] S203, determining whether the sound pickup sensor is close to the test part by presetting a minimum proximity threshold, when the proximity of the sound pickup sensor is less than or equal to the minimum proximity threshold, it indicates that the sound pickup sensor is close to the test part, otherwise, it indicates that the sound pickup sensor is not close to the test part; Furthermore, the relationship between the gas pressure and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor is established through experiments. Starting from the initial pressure, the gas pressure is gradually increased or decreased. After each change, it is maintained for a period of time to ensure the stability of the system. Under each pressure condition, a measuring tool is used to measure the distance D between the sound pickup sensor and the test site and record it. The measurement is repeated multiple times to improve the reliability of the data. The data of the gas pressure P and the proximity D of the sound pickup sensor obtained in the experiment are sorted to form a set of ordered data sets. The experimental data are fitted to the function model using MATLAB to obtain the functional relationship D = f(P) between the gas pressure P and the proximity D of the sound pickup sensor; a minimum proximity threshold Dmin is preset, the small proximity threshold Dmin is substituted into the function, the corresponding gas pressure value Pmin is solved, and the maximum pressure Pmax is set to form an air pressure range [Pmin, Pmax]. Within the air pressure range, the distance D between the sound pickup sensor and the test site is always less than or equal to the minimum proximity threshold Dmin.

[0030] S204, the user puts on the vest and uses the gas injection device to adjust the gas pressure inside the vest according to the set pressure range [Pmin, Pmax]. After adjusting the vest, the user can start the auscultation operation.

[0031] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: By inflating the entire vest, the adjustable range between the sound pickup sensor and the test part is further increased, so that the sound pickup sensor can be more closely attached to the user's body, improving the accuracy of sound capture, thereby improving the overall performance of the stethoscope system. Compared with the telescopic part adjustment method in Example 1, Example 2 can accurately adjust the expansion degree of the vest and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor by controlling the gas injection amount and the gas pressure. By setting a suitable gas pressure range, it can ensure that the sound pickup sensor maintains an optimal distance from the user's body, thereby improving the accuracy of sound capture.

[0032] Embodiment 3: The sound pickup sensor in embodiment 2 cannot accurately locate different parts for detection. In this embodiment, multiple airbags are set at various parts of the vest, each airbag is inflated separately, and the position of the sound pickup sensor is adjusted, so that the sound pickup sensor can adjust the position of the test part.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the steps for the sound pickup sensor to locate the test part are as follows: S301, arranging a plurality of airbags inside the inflatable cavity in step S201; Furthermore, the inflation of the airbag is controlled by an airbag inflation control system, which includes an air source device, a control unit, a solenoid valve group, a pressure sensor and a user interface. The air source device provides stable and adjustable gas. The control unit includes a microprocessor, a sensor and an interface circuit. The control unit receives instructions, processes data, and controls the inflation and deflation of the airbag. Each airbag corresponds to a solenoid valve for controlling the inflow and outflow of gas. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure in each airbag and accurately controls the inflation amount. The user interface allows operators to input instructions and view status.

[0034] S302, adjusting the movement of the sound pickup sensor on the vest by controlling the inflation amount of the airbag; Specifically, a series of experiments are set up, each of which uses a different inflation volume (ΔVi) to inflate the airbag. In each experiment, the inflation volume (ΔVi) and the corresponding sound pickup sensor moving distance (ΔDi) are recorded, the collected data are sorted, and a scatter plot of the inflation volume and the sound pickup sensor moving distance is drawn. The scatter plot is fitted using linear regression to obtain ΔDi=a+b×ΔVi, f(ΔVi)=c+d×ΔVi, where a is the intercept, b is the slope, and c and d are constants obtained by fitting the experimental data; according to the position, shape, size of the test part and the sensitivity of auscultation, according to the auscultation requirements and ergonomic measurement results, the target distance that the sound pickup sensor needs to move is determined; the inflation volume (ΔVi) and the corresponding sound pickup sensor moving distance (ΔDi) are sorted into a corresponding table of inflation volume and moving distance, and the inflation volume closest to the target moving distance is found in the table as the required inflation volume.

[0035] S303, positioning the test part by adjusting the position of the sound pickup sensor; Furthermore, ergonomic measurements are conducted, and subjects of different age groups, genders, body shapes, and health conditions are selected to collect detailed location data on test parts of the human body (such as the heart, lungs, etc.). The collected data are statistically analyzed and a scatter plot is drawn. The distribution and association of the test parts in the human body are found out through the scatter plot. The ergonomic measurement results are combined with medical knowledge to establish a corresponding relationship model between the sound pickup sensor and the test part. The relationship model is established using a polynomial regression model, and the position changes of the test part of the subjects in different postures (standing, sitting, lying) and breathing states (deep breathing, calm breathing) are collected. The coordinates of the sound pickup sensor at the corresponding position are recorded at the same time. The polynomial regression algorithm is used to take the coordinates of the center point of the test part as the target variable, and the body shape parameters, posture type, and breathing state are fitted as independent variables. The polynomial regression model outputs a polynomial equation.

[0036] In some embodiments, the polynomial regression model represents the correspondence between the position of the sound pickup sensor (with the midpoint of the sternum as the reference point) and the heart position (with the center of the heart as the reference point), the independent variables are the height (H) and weight (W) of the subject, and the output polynomial equation is: Heart position_X = a0 + a1×H + a2×W + a3× + a4 × +a5 ×H×W, heart position_Y = b0 + b1 × H + b2 × W + b3 × + b4 × + b5 ×H× W , heart position_Z = c0 + c1 × H + c2× W + c3 × + c4 × + c5 ×H ×W, where a0, a1, ..., c5 are coefficients obtained by fitting the polynomial regression algorithm. The polynomial regression model is used to predict the position of the heart according to the height and weight of the subject, and the position of the pickup sensor is adjusted accordingly according to the position of the heart.

[0037] The technical solution in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages: by inflating the airbags in various parts of the vest separately, the position of the sound pickup sensor can be accurately adjusted so that it can be accurately located at different test parts of the body, thereby improving the accuracy and flexibility of auscultation and making the auscultation system more suitable for patients with different body shapes and conditions; by controlling the inflation amount of the airbags, the expansion degree of the vest and the moving distance of the sound pickup sensor can be accurately adjusted, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the position of the sound pickup sensor, and setting a suitable inflation amount range and sound pickup sensor moving distance threshold can ensure that the sound pickup sensor is always close to and accurately aligned with the test part during the auscultation process.

[0038] Embodiment 4: In the above embodiments, the sound pickup sensor is easily affected by the ambient sound when capturing the sound of the test part, which makes the collected sound inaccurate and affects the judgment result. In this embodiment, a device for collecting ambient sound is set inside the vest, and the collected ambient sound is reduced by an active noise reduction algorithm, so that the collected cardiopulmonary sounds are more accurate.

[0039] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the steps for setting up the ambient sound collection device are: S401, setting an ambient sound collection device inside the vest; An ambient sound collecting device is arranged inside the vest near the sound pickup sensor.

[0040] S402, performing noise reduction processing on the collected ambient sound; Specifically, the collected ambient sound is converted into an electrical signal N(t), where N(t) represents the ambient sound signal at time t. When the ambient sound collection device collects the ambient sound, the sound pickup sensor also collects the sound signal. The total signal S(t) collected by the sound pickup sensor includes the real sound signal M(t) of the test site and the ambient sound signal N(t), that is, S(t) = M(t) + N(t), preprocess the signal S(t), perform spectrum analysis on the preprocessed signal S(t), convert the signal S(t) from the time domain to the frequency domain, filter the signal S(t), use independent component analysis (ICA) in the frequency domain to separate the ambient sound component N(t) and the real sound signal M(t), reconstruct and restore the separated real sound signal M(t), and generate a noise reduction signal C(t) with the opposite phase according to the ambient sound signal N(t). Match the amplitude of the noise reduction signal C(t) with the amplitude of the ambient sound signal N(t), and superimpose the noise reduction signal C(t) with the ambient sound N(t). Since the noise reduction signal C(t) and the ambient sound N(t) have opposite phases and equal amplitudes, they will cancel each other out when they are superimposed. The noise-reduced signal S'(t) = S(t)-C(t). The formula S'(t) = S(t)-C(t), N(t) in S(t) is eliminated or reduced.

[0041] S403, calculating the original signal-to-noise ratio and the signal-to-noise ratio after denoising, and comparing the two signal-to-noise ratios. If the signal-to-noise ratio after denoising is greater than the original signal-to-noise ratio, it means that the denoising is effective, otherwise, it is ineffective.

[0042] Specifically, perform spectrum analysis on S(t), compare the signal power with the noise power to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio, calculate the signal-to-noise ratio of the denoised signal S'(t), and compare the denoised signal-to-noise ratio SNR(S'(t)) with the original signal-to-noise ratio SNR(S(t)). If SNR(S'(t)) is greater than SNR(S(t)), it means that the noise reduction is effective.

[0043] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: By setting up an ambient sound collection device inside the vest, the ambient sound that affects the sound of the sound pickup sensor can be collected in real time and accurately. By processing these ambient sounds using an active noise reduction algorithm, the impact of noise on the sound collected by the sound pickup sensor can be significantly reduced, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stethoscope system, characterized in that: It includes a sound collection and signal processing system, a heart and lung sound intelligent detection system and a remote cloud server system. The sound collection and signal processing system includes a wearable device and a main control machine. The wearable device is provided with a plurality of sound collection sensors. The wearable device is provided with an air pressure sensor. The sound collection sensor is provided with a telescopic part. The air pressure sensor is used to control the telescopic part. The plurality of sound pickup sensors are arranged in an array on the wearable device to simultaneously collect the cardiopulmonary sound data of different regions; the main control machine is used to filter the collected cardiopulmonary sound data, transmit the processed cardiopulmonary sound data to the smart terminal so as to perform identification and diagnosis on the smart terminal and display the results, or transmit the processed cardiopulmonary sound data to a remote cloud server system through the network function of the smart terminal; S101, using a sound pickup sensor with a telescopic part to collect heart and lung sounds; S102, based on step S101, transmitting the collected heart and lung sounds to a main control machine; S103, based on the heart and lung sound data transmitted to the main control computer in step S102, the main control computer transmits the processed heart and lung sound data to the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system; S104, based on step S103, transmitting the heart and lung sound data processed by the network function of the heart and lung sound intelligent detection system to the remote cloud server system; One end of the telescopic part is fixedly arranged on the sound pickup sensor, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the wearable device, the wearable device is a vest, and the interior of the telescopic part is a hollow structure and is connected to the wearable device, the end of the telescopic part connected to the sound pickup sensor is a closed structure, and the end of the telescopic part connected to the wearable device is an open structure; Specific steps for inflating the vest: S201, setting an inflatable cavity inside the vest, and connecting the inflatable interface on the vest to a gas injection device; S202, determining the expansion coefficient and initial volume of the inflatable cavity, and calculating the total volume of the inflated vest according to the expansion coefficient and the initial volume; S203, determining whether the sound pickup sensor is close to the test part by presetting a minimum proximity threshold, when the proximity of the sound pickup sensor is less than or equal to the minimum proximity threshold, it indicates that the sound pickup sensor is close to the test part, otherwise, it indicates that the sound pickup sensor is not close to the test part; S204, the user puts on the vest and uses the gas injection device to adjust the gas pressure inside the vest according to the set pressure range. After adjusting the vest, the user can start the auscultation operation.

2. A stethoscope system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is provided in the wearable device, and the pressure sensor includes a control unit and a driving mechanism. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the external air pressure, and the control unit is used to receive the monitored air pressure data and calculate the telescopic length of the telescopic part according to a preset algorithm. The preset algorithm is to calculate the length that the telescopic part should be telescoped according to the change in air pressure and the ratio of 0.5 mm telescopic length corresponding to each kilopascal change. The formula is ΔL= 0.5×ΔP, wherein ΔL is the telescopic length of the telescopic part, and ΔP is the change in air pressure. The driving mechanism adjusts the length of the telescopic part according to the instruction of the control unit, and calculates the ratio of the air pressure change to the length of the telescopic part according to the algorithm.

3. The auscultation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the vest is not inflated, the dimensions of its key parts are measured and recorded by the water displacement method. A certain amount of gas volume is added each time to gradually inflate the vest. After each inflation, the degree of expansion of the vest is measured and recorded, and the proportional relationship between the increase in the vest volume and the amount of gas injected, that is, the expansion coefficient α, is calculated. The gas volume of the vest in the initial state, that is, the initial volume V0, is calculated and set. For every ΔV volume of gas injected, the degree of expansion of the vest increases by α. The total volume V of the expanded vest is: V = V0 + αΔV.

4. The auscultation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the sound pickup sensor and the test site, that is, the proximity of the sound pickup sensor, is measured. The data of the gas pressure and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor obtained in the experiment are organized into an ordered data set. The data are fitted into a function model to obtain the functional relationship between the gas pressure and the proximity of the sound pickup sensor. A minimum proximity threshold is preset, and the small proximity threshold is substituted into the function to solve the corresponding gas pressure value. The maximum pressure is set to form an air pressure range. Within the air pressure range, the distance between the sound pickup sensor and the test site is less than or equal to the minimum proximity threshold.

5. The auscultation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Steps for the sound pickup sensor to locate the test part: S301, arranging a plurality of air bags inside the inflatable cavity in step S201; S302, adjusting the movement of the sound pickup sensor on the vest by controlling the inflation amount of the airbag; S303, positioning the test part by adjusting the position of the sound pickup sensor.

6. An auscultation system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Inflate the airbag with different inflation amounts, record the inflation amount and the corresponding moving distance of the sound pickup sensor, plot the collected data into a scatter plot of inflation amount and moving distance of the sound pickup sensor, and use linear regression to fit the scatter plot, and obtain ΔDi=a+b×ΔVi, f(ΔVi)=c+d×ΔVi, where ΔVi is the inflation amount, ΔDi is the moving distance, a is the intercept, b is the slope, and c and d are constants obtained by fitting the experimental data; organize the inflation amount and the corresponding moving distance of the sound pickup sensor into a corresponding table of inflation amount and moving distance, and find the inflation amount closest to the target moving distance in the table as the required inflation amount.

7. The auscultation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Steps to set up the ambient sound collection device: S401, setting an ambient sound collection device inside the vest; S402, performing noise reduction processing on the collected ambient sound; S403, calculating the original signal-to-noise ratio and the signal-to-noise ratio after denoising, and comparing the two signal-to-noise ratios. If the signal-to-noise ratio after denoising is greater than the original signal-to-noise ratio, it means that the denoising is effective, otherwise, it is ineffective.

8. An auscultation system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The collected ambient sound is converted into an electrical signal N(t). The total signal S(t) collected by the sound pickup sensor includes the real sound signal M(t) of the test site and the ambient sound signal N(t), that is, S(t) = M(t) + N(t). The signal S(t) is filtered, and independent component analysis (ICA) is used in the frequency domain to separate the ambient sound component N(t) and the real sound signal M(t). According to the ambient sound signal N(t), the algorithm generates a noise reduction signal C(t) with the opposite phase to it. The noise reduction signal C(t) is superimposed with the ambient sound N(t), and the noise-reduced signal S'(t) = S(t)-C(t).

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