Efficient screening, smashing and conveying device for household garbage

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient household garbage screening, smashing and conveying device which comprises a transmission system, an efficient smashing system, a turnover discharging mechanism, a continuous conveying device, a multi-stage screening mechanism and an intelligent control system. Comprising a two-stage segmented drum screen, a screen mesh, a material guide groove, a motor, a conveying belt, a main driving drum, a speed sensor, a weight sensor, an overturning discharging mechanism, a position sensor, a scattering wheel housing, a scattering wheel, a machine tool shell, a gearbox assembly, a temperature sensor, a three-point suspension device, a spiral conveying blade, a spiral conveying device material groove, a film pressing wheel, a smashing cutter shaft assembly and a fixed cutter. Through automatic treatment of the continuous conveying device and real-time monitoring and adjustment of the intelligent control system, efficient and stable operation of equipment is ensured; the device effectively reduces the garbage volume, and provides an efficient solution for household garbage treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to environmental protection equipment, in particular to a device for efficiently screening, crushing and conveying domestic garbage. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous growth of population, the sharp increase in the amount of domestic waste has brought tremendous pressure to the environment. Traditional waste disposal methods, such as landfill and incineration, not only occupy a large amount of land resources, but also may cause secondary pollution. Therefore, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly domestic waste treatment technology to achieve waste reduction, resource utilization and harmless treatment has become an important issue in current environmental protection.

[0003] The efficient screening, crushing and conveying device for domestic waste integrates advanced screening, crushing and conveying technologies to effectively separate mixed domestic waste, providing convenient conditions for subsequent resource utilization, thereby reducing the environmental burden and promoting sustainable development.

[0004] However, traditional garbage disposal methods, such as manual sorting and simple screening, have low processing efficiency and cannot meet the growing demand for domestic waste disposal. Due to limited treatment methods, many recyclable resources are wasted in the garbage disposal process, and the resource recovery rate is low. Traditional treatment methods such as landfill and incineration are prone to cause secondary pollution, such as soil pollution, water pollution and air pollution. Some existing screening equipment has limited screening accuracy and it is difficult to effectively separate different types of garbage, affecting subsequent resource utilization. Some equipment lacks intelligent identification and sorting functions and relies on manual operation, which not only increases labor costs but also reduces processing efficiency.

[0005] By developing high-efficiency screening, crushing and conveying devices, the efficiency of domestic waste treatment can be significantly improved and the treatment time can be reduced; by developing high-efficiency screening, crushing and conveying devices, the efficiency of domestic waste treatment can be significantly improved and the treatment time can be reduced. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a device for efficiently screening, crushing and conveying domestic waste.

[0007] The present invention provides a highly efficient screening, crushing and conveying device for domestic waste, comprising: a transmission system, a highly efficient crushing system, a turnover unloading mechanism, a continuous conveying device, a multi-stage screening mechanism, and an intelligent control system, specifically comprising: a transmission system comprising a motor, a main driving roller, and a gear box to transmit power; a three-point suspension device, a film pressing wheel, a crushing knife shaft and a fixed knife in the highly efficient crushing system cooperate to crush the waste, and a spiral conveying device trough composed of spiral conveying blades is used for conveying, and after the waste is crushed, the scattering wheel cover and the scattering wheel are connected to the turnover unloading mechanism for unloading, and the continuous conveying device comprises a speed sensor, a weight sensor, and a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is connected to the turnover unloading mechanism to unload and convey the waste, and then is connected to the guide trough and the two-stage segmented drum screen in the multi-stage screening mechanism to perform waste particle size screening; and the intelligent control system composed of the machine shell is used for control.

[0008] As a preferred option, the transmission system provides the necessary power support for the entire device to ensure that each system can operate normally; High-efficiency crushing system breaks large pieces of household waste into smaller particles or fragments, thus significantly reducing the volume of waste; Flip the unloading mechanism to discharge the processed garbage or screened materials from the device after the crushing or screening process is completed; Continuous conveying device: The continuous conveying device is responsible for transporting garbage from one place to another, realizing the automation of the entire processing process; Multi-stage screening mechanism: The multi-stage screening mechanism uses screens with different apertures to finely classify the crushed garbage according to particle size; Intelligent control system: The intelligent control system monitors and adjusts the device in real time through sensors, controllers and other equipment to achieve automatic control.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission system comprises a motor, a main driving roller and a gear box; the motor serves as a power source, and its output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the gear through a spline shaft, and the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the subsequent reduction gear through the input gear.

[0010] The invention has the advantage that the motor is used as a direct power source, and the close connection between the spline shaft and the gear input shaft ensures the high efficiency and stability of power transmission. This connection method reduces energy loss and improves the overall transmission efficiency. Through multi-stage gear reduction, the speed and torque of the output shaft can be accurately controlled to meet the power and speed requirements under different working conditions, providing precise power support for subsequent crushing, screening and other processes.

[0011] Preferably, the high-efficiency crushing system: a three-point suspension device is used to fix or hang objects; the feeding inlet is connected to the front baffle, the spiral conveying blades are connected to the spiral conveying device trough, the garbage is pushed forward while being crushed, so that the garbage can contact the high-speed rotating crushing knife shaft fixed on the rotating shaft, the film pressing wheel and the fixed knife are connected to the crushing chamber frame, and the crushing knife shaft is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0012] The advantage of adopting the present invention is that a crushing system with strong integrity and compact structure is formed by precisely connecting the feeding inlet and the front baffle, the crushing knife shaft swinging knife and the rotating shaft, the fixed knife and the crushing chamber frame and other components, which not only improves the stability of the system, but also reduces the failure rate caused by loose or misaligned components, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0013] Preferably, the flipping and unloading mechanism: the position sensor is fixed on the flipping and unloading mechanism, the receiving end of the conveyor belt, as a component for carrying the crushed domestic waste, is tightly connected with the unloading port of the flipping frame, and the flipping action of the flipping frame is powered by a reduction motor; the scattering wheel cover and scattering wheel: are used to scatter or disperse the material to a specific area to ensure that the garbage is completely unloaded and conveyed.

[0014] The advantage of adopting the present invention is that the turning and unloading mechanism is powered by a reduction motor and does not require manual intervention, which greatly improves work efficiency and automation, ensures stability and reliability during the turning process, and further enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the overall structure.

[0015] Preferably, the continuous conveying device: the motor is connected to the shaft of the main driving roller, and the reducer transmits the power of the motor to the main driving roller through a belt transmission device; the guide trough is installed above the conveyor belt, and the conveying device is connected to the discharge port of the garbage crusher.

[0016] The invention has the advantage that the high-efficiency motor is directly fixed on the motor base and connected to the shaft of the main driving roller through its output shaft. This direct drive method reduces energy loss during power transmission, improves transmission efficiency, and ensures that the conveyor belt always maintains appropriate tension. The material guide chute is installed above the conveyor belt, which can guide the material to fall smoothly onto the conveyor belt, avoiding the scattering and waste of materials during the transportation process. The close connection between the conveying device and the discharge port of the garbage crusher ensures that the crushed material can enter the conveying device accurately, further improving the continuity and efficiency of the entire processing process.

[0017] Preferably, the multi-stage screening mechanism: the motor is connected to the transmission system, the transmission system is connected to the two-stage segmented drum screen, the screen is tightly mounted on the outer surface of the two-stage segmented drum screen, the screen aperture in the separation drum and the feed port are connected to the continuous conveying device, and the graded discharge port is connected to the collection area.

[0018] The advantage of adopting the present invention is that the multi-stage screening mechanism allows the material to pass through multiple screening levels, thereby achieving more detailed grading processing, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the screening effect, and the close connection between the feed port and the continuous conveying device ensures that the material can continuously and stably enter the screening mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent control system: the tool housing serves as an external structure to protect internal components; the position sensor is fixed at the position of the flip unloading mechanism, the speed sensor is fixed on the shaft of the conveyor belt driving wheel, the weight sensor is fixed below the starting point of the conveyor belt, and the temperature sensor is installed inside the gear box.

[0020] The invention has the advantages that, through the intelligent control system, it helps to achieve precise control, ensures that all links work together, improves overall processing efficiency, helps to discover potential problems in advance, implements preventive maintenance, and reduces downtime and maintenance costs; The intelligent control system can automatically adjust the operating parameters of the equipment according to preset parameters and real-time data. This highly automated control method not only reduces the labor intensity of operators, but also improves processing efficiency and stability.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The invention has the advantages that the motor is used as a direct power source, and the close connection between the spline shaft and the gear input shaft ensures the high efficiency and stability of power transmission. This connection method reduces energy loss and improves the overall transmission efficiency. Through multi-stage gear reduction, the speed and torque of the output shaft can be accurately controlled to meet the power and speed requirements under different working conditions, providing accurate power support for subsequent crushing, screening and other processes; 2. The invention has the advantage that, by precisely connecting the feeding port and the front baffle, the pulverizing blade shaft and the rotating shaft, the fixed blade and the pulverizing chamber frame and other components, a pulverizing system with strong integrity and compact structure is formed, which not only improves the stability of the system, but also reduces the failure rate caused by loose or misaligned components, and prolongs the service life of the equipment; 3. The invention has the advantage that the turning and unloading mechanism is powered by a reduction motor without manual intervention, which greatly improves the working efficiency and automation, ensures the stability and reliability during the turning process, and further enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the overall structure; 4. The advantage of the present invention is that the high-efficiency motor is directly fixed on the motor base and connected to the shaft of the main driving roller through its output shaft. This direct drive method reduces energy loss during power transmission, improves transmission efficiency, and ensures that the conveyor belt always maintains appropriate tension; The guide trough is installed above the conveyor belt, which can guide the material to fall smoothly onto the conveyor belt, avoiding the scattering and waste of materials during the conveying process. The close connection between the receiving device and the discharge port of the garbage crusher ensures that the crushed materials can enter the conveying device accurately, further improving the continuity and efficiency of the entire processing process; 5. The invention has the advantages that the multi-stage screening mechanism allows the material to pass through multiple screening levels, thereby achieving more detailed classification processing, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the screening effect, and the close connection between the feed port and the continuous conveying device ensures that the material can enter the screening mechanism continuously and stably; 6. The advantages of the present invention are that, through the intelligent control system, it helps to achieve precise control, ensure the coordinated work of various links, improve the overall processing efficiency, help to discover potential problems in advance, implement preventive maintenance, and reduce downtime and maintenance costs; The intelligent control system can automatically adjust the operating parameters of the equipment according to preset parameters and real-time data. This highly automated control method not only reduces the labor intensity of operators, but also improves processing efficiency and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a device for efficiently screening, crushing and conveying domestic waste according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a left view of a screening device.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a front view of a screening device.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a front view of a discharge device.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a front view of a crushing device.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a left view of a crushing device.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a front view of a continuous conveying device.

[0029] Legend: Among them, 1-two-stage segmented drum screen; 2-screen; 3-material guide trough 4-motor; 5-conveyor belt; 6-main driving roller; 7-speed sensor; 8-weight sensor; 9-flipping unloading mechanism; 10-position sensor; 11-scattering wheel cover; 12-scattering wheel; 13-machine housing; 14-gear box; 15-temperature sensor; 16-three-point suspension device; 17-transmission system; 18-screw conveying blades; 19-screw conveying device trough; 20-film pressing wheel; 21-crushing knife shaft; 22-fixed knife, 23-support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps or conditions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] If not specifically stated, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means known to those skilled in the art. In addition, all the raw materials used in the examples are known commercial products.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] 1. The transmission mechanism: Motor: A 5.5kW three-phase asynchronous motor with a rated speed of 1450rpm is used. The speed is reduced to 72.5rpm through a gear reduction mechanism (reduction ratio i=20) to achieve low-speed and high-torque output to drive subsequent connectors. The rotary motion of the motor 4 is converted into the linear motion of the block and the pressure block by a connecting rod. The length of the connecting rod is 500mm, ensuring that the block and the pressure block slide smoothly in the direction of the central axis of the garbage channel with a deviation of no more than 5mm; the connector is connected to the block and the pressure block at the same time to transmit the motion of the transmission mechanism to them, and the connector ensures that the block and the pressure block can move synchronously and coordinately; The torsion reset member uses a compression spring with a diameter of 10mm and a wire diameter of 1.5mm, which provides an upward reset force of about 200N. When the external force disappears, the elastic force of the spring will restore the stopper and the pressure block to their initial positions; The overall transmission efficiency of the transmission system 17 is about 85%, ensuring efficient power transmission to the front baffle adjustment mechanism, crushing blade and other components; firstly, it is responsible for efficiently transmitting external power to various mechanisms, high-speed rotating crushing blade, and fixed blade 22 and Y-shaped crushing blade in the crushing chamber.

[0034] 2. The high-efficiency crushing system: Three-point suspension device 16: used to fix or hang objects; the front baffle is tilted at an angle of 30°, effectively guiding and compressing the garbage flow, ensuring that the garbage can enter the processing area smoothly; then the high-speed rotating crushing knife shaft 21 reaches a speed of 2800rpm, and the sharp edge ensures that the garbage is quickly cut and initially broken into smaller fragments; the film pressing wheel 20 is used to compact and smoothly guide the garbage; The cut garbage fragments then enter the crushing chamber, which is 1200mm long, 800mm wide and 600mm high. The distance between the internal fixed knife 22 and the crushing knife shaft 21 is adjustable, with a minimum of 5mm, to achieve fine crushing. Through repeated hitting, chopping and rubbing actions, the garbage fragments are further crushed into fine particles of appropriate length.

[0035] 3. The overturning unloading mechanism (9): The position sensor (10) is fixed on the flipping unloading mechanism (9). The flipping frame has the dimensions of 955 mm in length and 610 mm in width and is made of high-strength steel. The reduction motor is a 0.75 kW reduction motor with a reduction ratio of i=50, which drives the flipping frame to flip at a speed of 6° / s. The flipping angle is 100° at the maximum flipping angle of the flipping frame. The scattering wheel housing 11 and the scattering wheel 12 are used to scatter or disperse the material to a specific area to ensure that the garbage is completely unloaded and transported. 4. The continuous conveying device: The three key components of high-efficiency motor 4, stable support frame, wear-resistant conveyor belt and guide trough enable the efficient operation of the conveying device after garbage crushing; it is designed with a high-efficiency receiving bucket with a capacity of 200L; the spiral conveying blade 18 and the spiral conveying device trough 19 are connected to the feed port of the subsequent processing equipment, and are located above the feed port of the subsequent processing equipment. Through the precise guiding and conveying mechanism, the crushed garbage can be accurately delivered.

[0036] 5. The multi-stage screening mechanism: Using the continuous conveying device, the two-stage segmented drum screen 1 is a two-stage screening mechanism, the first-stage screen hole diameter is 20mm, the second-stage is 10mm, the motor 4 is equipped with a 1.5kW motor for each drum, and the speed can be adjusted within a range of 260rpm. When the domestic garbage mixture passes through the efficient continuous conveying device, the conveyor belt 5 uses its stable and sufficient power to smoothly transport the garbage to the feed port; As the conveyor belt 5 continues to move, the household garbage mixture is accurately fed into the main driving drum 6; in the first-stage screen 2, those larger garbage particles, such as plastic bottles, cardboard boxes, large pieces of paper and other recyclables, are effectively retained on the screen surface due to the limitation of the size of the screen holes for subsequent classification and recycling; while small and uniform particles such as food residues and tea dregs pass through the screen holes smoothly and fall into the specific collection area below for biodegradation or other environmentally friendly treatment; The remaining garbage mixture on the screen surface continues to move forward along the guide trough 3 and enters the second-stage screen 2 for further screening; in the second-stage screen 2, medium-sized garbage particles, such as pebbles, glass fragments, and some metal objects, are successfully separated through the sieve holes; When the whole machine is working, the power is provided by the motor 4, and the transmission system 17 is used to drive each separation drum to rotate, thereby realizing continuous screening of the garbage mixture; 6. The intelligent control system: When the multi-stage screening mechanism is used, the position sensor 10 is not only installed on the overturning unloading mechanism 9 and the conveyor belt 5, but also specifically monitors the position and state of each level of the screen 2. The speed sensor 7 is used to measure the running speed of the conveyor belt 5 and the drum screens at each level. In particular, during the multi-stage screening process, the controller can dynamically adjust the rotation speed of each level of the drum according to the feedback of the speed sensor 7; the weight sensor 8 installed at the starting point of the conveyor belt 5 (one is installed at the starting point of the conveyor belt 5, and the measuring range is 450kg) detects the weight of the input garbage, and the temperature sensor 15 (one is installed for each of the key components such as the gear box 14 and the motor 4, and the monitoring range is 25°C to 120°C) monitors the temperature of the key components in the multi-stage screening mechanism such as the gear box 14, the motor 4, etc. to prevent damage caused by overheating; during the multi-stage screening process, these components are prone to generate heat due to the friction between the garbage and the screen 2 and the continuous operation of the motor 4; real-time monitoring and alarm by the temperature sensor 15; The central controller serves as the core of the intelligent control system and adopts a high-performance PLC or industrial computer as the main control unit. The controller processes the control logic and issues corresponding control instructions to the motor 4 drive, adjustment mechanism and other actuators. The motor 4 drive is responsible for driving the flipping unloading mechanism 9, the conveyor belt 5, the various levels of drum screens and the throwing wheel motor 4; the machine housing 13 serves as an external structure to protect the internal components.

[0037] Comparative Example 1

[0038] 1. The transmission system: Motor 4: A 6kW three-phase asynchronous motor with a rated speed of 1500rpm is used. The speed is reduced to 85rpm through a gear reduction mechanism (reduction ratio i=23) to achieve low-speed high-torque output to drive subsequent connecting parts. The rotary motion of motor 4 is converted into the linear motion of the block and the pressure block by a connecting rod. The length of the connecting rod is 550mm. The design ensures that the block and the pressure block can slide smoothly in the direction of the central axis of the garbage channel with a deviation of no more than 10mm; the connecting part is connected to the block and the pressure block at the same time to transmit the motion of the transmission mechanism to them. The connecting part ensures that the block and the pressure block can move synchronously and coordinately; The torsion reset member uses a compression spring with a diameter of 12mm and a wire diameter of 2mm, which provides an upward reset force of about 300N. When the external force disappears, the elastic force of the spring will restore the stopper and the pressure block to their initial positions; The overall transmission efficiency of the transmission system 17 is about 95%, ensuring efficient power transmission to the front baffle adjustment mechanism, crushing blade and other components; firstly, it is responsible for efficiently transmitting external power to each component that needs to operate, including the front baffle adjustment mechanism, the high-speed rotating crushing blade, and the fixed blade 22 and Y-shaped crushing blade in the crushing chamber.

[0039] 2. The high-efficiency crushing system: Three-point suspension device 16: used to fix or hang objects; at this time, the front baffle is tilted at an angle of 25°, effectively guiding and compressing the garbage flow, ensuring that the garbage can enter the processing area smoothly; then, the high-speed rotating crushing knife shaft 21 reaches a speed of 3000rpm, and the sharpness of the blade ensures that the garbage is quickly cut and initially broken into smaller fragments, and the film pressing wheel 20 is used to compact and smoothly guide the garbage; The cut garbage fragments then enter the crushing chamber, which is 1300mm long, 800mm wide and 700mm high. The distance between the internal fixed knife 22 and the crushing knife shaft 21 is adjustable, with a minimum of 10mm, to achieve fine crushing. Through repeated hitting, chopping and rubbing actions, the garbage fragments are further crushed into fine particles of appropriate length.

[0040] 3. The continuous conveying device: The three key components of high-efficiency motor 4, stable support frame, wear-resistant conveyor belt and guide trough enable the garbage crushing and conveying device to operate efficiently; it is designed with an efficient receiving bucket with a capacity of 310L to ensure that the crushed garbage is collected without omission to ensure that the crushed garbage can be collected and conveyed smoothly and without omission; the spiral conveying blade 18 and the spiral conveying device trough 19 are connected to the feed port of the subsequent processing equipment, and the crushed garbage is accurately delivered through the precise guiding and conveying mechanism.

[0041] 4. The multi-stage screening mechanism: Using the continuous conveying device, the two-stage segmented drum screen 1 is divided into two-stage screening, each drum has a diameter of 700mm, a length of 1200mm, a first-stage sieve hole diameter of 25mm, and a second-stage sieve hole diameter of 15mm. Each drum of the motor 4 is equipped with a 1.5kW motor 4, with an adjustable speed range of 300rpm, a precision transmission system 17, a feed port, and multiple graded discharge ports and other key components; when the domestic garbage mixture passes through the efficient continuous conveying device, the conveyor belt 5 smoothly transports the garbage to the feed port; As the conveyor belt 5 continues to move, the mixture of domestic waste is accurately fed into the screen 2 of the main driving drum 6; in the first-stage screen 2, those larger-sized waste particles, such as plastic bottles, cardboard boxes, large pieces of paper and other recyclables, are effectively retained on the screen surface due to the limitation of the size of the screen holes, so as to be subsequently classified and recycled; while small and uniform particles such as food residues and tea dregs pass through the screen holes smoothly and fall into the specific collection area below for biodegradation or other environmentally friendly treatment; The remaining garbage mixture on the screen surface continues to move forward along the guide trough 3 and enters the second-stage screen 2 for further screening; in the second-stage screen 2, medium-sized garbage particles, such as pebbles, glass fragments, some metal objects, etc., are successfully separated through the sieve holes for targeted recycling or treatment; When the whole machine is working, the power is provided by the motor 4, and the transmission system 17 is used to drive each separation drum to rotate, thereby realizing continuous screening of the garbage mixture; 5. The intelligent control system: When the multi-stage screening mechanism is used, the position sensor 10 is not only installed on the overturning unloading mechanism 9 and the conveyor belt 5, but also specifically monitors the position and state of each level of the screen 2. The speed sensor 7 is used to measure the running speed of the conveyor belt 5 and the drum screens at each level. In particular, during the multi-stage screening process, the controller can dynamically adjust the speed of each level of the drum according to the feedback of the speed sensor 7. The weight sensor 8 installed at the starting point of the conveyor belt 5 (one is installed at the starting point of the conveyor belt 5, measuring 600kg, with an accuracy of ±2%) detects the weight of the input garbage. This data is not only used to adjust the operating parameters of the subsequent processing equipment, but also provides important input information for the multi-stage screening mechanism. The temperature sensor 15 (one is installed for each key component such as the gear box 14 and the motor 4, with a monitoring range of 20°C to 120°C) monitors the temperature of key components such as the gear box 14 and the motor 4 in the multi-stage screening mechanism to prevent damage caused by overheating. During the multi-stage screening process, these components are prone to generate heat due to the friction between the garbage and the screen 2 and the continuous operation of the motor; real-time monitoring and alarm by the temperature sensor 15; The central controller is the core of the intelligent control system and adopts a high-performance PLC or industrial computer as the main control unit. The controller processes the control logic and issues corresponding control instructions to the motor driver, adjustment mechanism and other actuators. The motor driver is responsible for driving the motor 4 of the flip unloading mechanism 9, the conveyor belt 5, the drum screens at various levels and the throwing wheel; the machine housing 13 serves as an external mechanism to protect the internal components.

[0042] Comparison of detection experiments: The high-efficiency screening, crushing and conveying device for domestic waste obtained in Example 1 and the comparative product 1 were tested. The specific testing method is as follows: Screening efficiency test Collect representative samples of domestic waste, including waste of different sizes and types, adjust parameters such as sieve aperture and vibration frequency according to the equipment design parameters, put the samples into the screening device, start the equipment and record the screening time.

[0043] Crushing effect detection The device's crushing ability for large pieces of domestic waste and the size distribution of the crushed particles are tested. A certain amount of large pieces of domestic waste are selected as test samples, the samples are fed into the crushing device, the equipment is started and the crushing time is recorded.

[0044] Table 1 Screening efficiency test

[0045] As can be seen from Table 1, Example 1 is the best and Comparative Example 1 is worse. The screening time of Example 1 is appropriate. The longer screening time of the embodiment can give the garbage mixture more sufficient contact and separation opportunities on the screen, thereby improving the screening efficiency and allowing more garbage particles to be accurately classified according to their sizes. The increase in screening time helps to improve the screening accuracy because the longer screening time allows finer particles to pass through the sieve holes, thereby reducing the phenomenon of misscreening and missed screening.

[0046] Table 2 Crushing effect test

[0047] As can be seen from Table 2, Example 1 is the best, and Comparative Example 1 is worse. The shorter crushing time of the embodiment means that the running time of the motor and other power equipment is reduced, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption, which is helpful for energy conservation and emission reduction. Shortening the crushing time can reduce the wear of equipment such as the crushing blade, fixed blade and transmission system, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce the cost of maintenance and replacement. The shorter crushing time makes the entire garbage disposal process faster and improves the processing efficiency, which is more significant when processing a large amount of garbage.

[0048] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but they are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for efficiently screening, crushing and conveying domestic waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transmission system, an efficient crushing system, a turnover unloading mechanism, a continuous conveying device, a multi-stage screening mechanism, and an intelligent control system, and specifically comprises: the transmission system (17) comprises a motor (4), a main driving roller (6), and a gear box (14) for transmitting power; the efficient crushing system comprises a three-point suspension device (16), a film pressing wheel (20), a crushing knife shaft (21), and a fixed knife (22) for crushing garbage; a spiral conveying device material trough (19) composed of spiral conveying blades (18) is used for conveying; after the garbage is crushed, the garbage is connected to the turnover unloading mechanism (9) by a scattering wheel cover (11) and a scattering wheel (12) for unloading; the continuous conveying device comprises a speed sensor (7), a weight sensor (8), and a conveyor belt (5); the conveyor belt (5) cooperates with the turnover unloading mechanism (9) to unload and convey the garbage, and then is connected to the guide trough (3) and the two-stage segmented drum screen (1) in the multi-stage screening mechanism to screen the garbage particle size.

2. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system (7) provides the necessary power support for the entire device to ensure that each system can operate normally; High-efficiency crushing system breaks large pieces of household waste into smaller particles or fragments, thus significantly reducing the volume of waste; The unloading mechanism (9) is turned over to discharge the processed garbage or the screened materials from the device after the crushing or screening process is completed; Continuous conveying device: The continuous conveying device is responsible for transporting garbage from one place to another, realizing the automation of the entire processing process; A multi-stage screening mechanism, wherein the multi-stage screening mechanism uses screens (2) with different apertures to finely classify the crushed garbage according to particle size; Intelligent control system: The intelligent control system monitors and adjusts the device in real time through sensors, controllers and other equipment to achieve automatic control.

3. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission system (17) comprises a motor (4), a main driving roller (6), and a gear box (14); the motor (4) serves as a power source, and its output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the gear via a spline shaft, and the rotation of the motor (4) is transmitted to the subsequent reduction gear via the input gear.

4. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The high-efficiency crushing system: a three-point suspension device (16) is used to fix or suspend objects; the feeding port is connected to the front baffle, the spiral conveying blade (18) is connected to the spiral conveying device trough (19), and the garbage is pushed forward while being crushed, so that the garbage can contact the high-speed rotating crushing knife shaft (21) fixed on the rotating shaft, the film pressing wheel (20) and the fixed knife (22) are connected to the crushing chamber frame, and the crushing knife shaft (21) is connected to the rotating shaft.

5. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The overturning unloading mechanism: the position sensor (10) is fixed on the overturning unloading mechanism, the receiving end of the conveyor belt (5) as a component for carrying the crushed domestic waste is closely connected with the unloading port of the overturning frame, and the overturning action of the overturning frame is powered by a reduction motor; the scattering wheel cover (11) and the scattering wheel (12) are used to scatter or disperse the materials to a specific area to ensure that the waste is completely unloaded and conveyed.

6. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The continuous conveying device comprises: a motor (4) connected to the shaft of a main driving roller (6), a reducer transmitting the power of the motor (4) to the main driving roller (6) through a belt transmission device; a material guide trough (3) installed above a conveyor belt (5), and a conveying device connected to a material outlet of a garbage crusher.

7. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-stage screening mechanism comprises: a motor (4) connected to a transmission system (17), a transmission system (17) connected to a two-stage segmented drum screen (1), a screen (2) tightly mounted on the outer surface of the two-stage segmented drum screen (1), an aperture of the screen (2) in the separation drum, a feed port connected to a continuous conveying device, and a grading discharge port connected to a collection area.

8. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent control system: the tool housing (13) is an external structure that protects the internal components; the position sensor (10) is fixed at the position of the flip unloading mechanism (9), the speed sensor (7) is fixed on the shaft of the driving wheel of the conveyor belt (5), the weight sensor (8) is fixed below the starting point of the conveyor belt (5), and the temperature sensor (15) is installed inside the gear box (14).

9. A highly efficient domestic waste screening, crushing and conveying device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission system (17) adopts a 5.5-8.5kW three-phase asynchronous motor with a rated speed of 1450-2000rpm, and reduces the speed to 72-80rpm through a gear reduction mechanism (reduction ratio i=20-25), thereby achieving low-speed and high-torque output; the spring is a compression spring with a diameter of 5-10mm and a wire diameter of 1.5-2.5mm, providing an upward reset force of about 150-200N; transmission efficiency: the overall transmission efficiency is about 80-85%, ensuring efficient power transmission; The high-efficiency crushing system: Three-point suspension device (16): used to fix or hang objects; front baffle angle: the front baffle is tilted at an angle of 25-30 degrees to effectively guide the garbage flow; crushing blade speed: the high-speed rotating crushing blade speed reaches 2000-2800rpm, and the sharp edge ensures fast cutting of garbage; crushing chamber size: length 1100-1200mm x width 500-800mm x height 550-600mm, the internal fixed blade (22) and the Y-shaped crushing blade spacing can be adjusted to a minimum of 5mm to achieve fine crushing; The overturning unloading mechanism (9): The size of the turning frame is 955-1000mm long x 600-650mm wide, and is made of high-strength steel. The reduction motor is a 0.75-0.85kW reduction motor with a reduction ratio of i=50-55, which drives the turning frame to turn at a speed of 6-10° / s. The turning angle is a maximum turning angle of 100-120°. The scattering wheel housing (11) and the scattering wheel (12) are used to scatter or disperse the materials to a specific area, so as to ensure that the garbage is completely unloaded and transported. The multi-stage screening mechanism: Two-stage segmented drum screen (1): two-stage screening, screen hole size: first-stage screen hole diameter 15-20mm, second-stage 10-15mm, speed adjustable range 50-300rpm; screening accuracy of each level 2-4mm; The intelligent control system: The tool housing (13) is an external structure that protects the internal components; speed sensor (7): 0-1 m / s; weight sensor (8): 0-30 t / h; temperature sensor (15): monitoring range 10-60°C, central controller: adopts high-performance PLC, processing speed ≥1000-1200 instructions / second, supports remote monitoring and fault diagnosis.

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