Pyrolysis separation method equipment and method for disposing retired photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recovery equipment, in particular to pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules, which comprises a bottom plate, four mutually parallel support plates are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate, and a bearing plate is fixedly arranged on the support plates. Firstly, the device is moved to a preset position to be fixed and positioned, after fixation is completed, the waste photovoltaic module to be processed is filled into a reaction furnace of the device, after materials are added, reaction liquid is added into an inner shell of the device, the device is subjected to mechanical vacuum sealing, a motor in the device is started, and the waste photovoltaic module is processed. The rotating motor drives the belt pulley at the output end of the rotating motor to rotate, and the rotating belt pulley drives the belt pulley on the shaft body to rotate through the belt, so that the reaction furnace is driven to rotate, the mixing degree of materials and a solution in the reaction furnace is increased, and the reaction efficiency of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling equipment, and in particular to a thermal decomposition separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] When recycling photovoltaic modules, the frames and junction boxes of the photovoltaic modules are disassembled to obtain laminates. In order to separate the glass and the back panel in the laminates, the laminates are heated by thermal decomposition. Under the heating conditions, the EVA film softens, and then a hot knife is used to separate the glass and the back panel. In the above process, when the laminates are heated, multiple heating structures are usually arranged in sequence along the movement direction of the laminates to heat the laminates. When the laminates move and gradually separate from the heating structure located at the rear, the heating structure separated from the laminates still works normally, resulting in heat waste.

[0003] After searching, the published announcement number CN117358733A discloses a pyrolysis recovery device and method for waste photovoltaic components, including: a pre-heating box, which is used to heat the laminate inside; a heating box, which is used to heat the laminate inside, a heating tube group is fixed in the heating box, the laminate is located in the heating tube group, the air inlet end of the heating tube group is connected to the air control box, a telescopic blocking piece is arranged in the air control box, the moving end of the telescopic blocking piece moves synchronously with the laminate in the heating box, and the moving end is used to block the air inlet end of the heating tube group separated from the laminate, and the air outlet end of the heating tube group is connected to the pre-heating box; a heating piece, the air outlet end is connected to the air control box, and the air inlet end is connected to the air outlet end of the pre-heating box.

[0004] However, in the actual process of recycling waste photovoltaic modules using pyrolysis, it was found that waste glass plates are very easy to break during the pyrolysis process due to various reasons. The broken glass plates will get stuck in the reactor, thereby increasing the difficulty of recycling waste materials, or even making them impossible to recycle, affecting the secondary use of the device.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a pyrolysis separation method for disposing retired photovoltaic modules to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the problem to be solved by the present application is: in the actual process of recycling waste photovoltaic modules by pyrolysis, it is found that waste glass plates are very easy to break during the pyrolysis process due to various reasons. The broken glass plates will be stuck in the reactor, thereby increasing the difficulty of recycling waste materials, or even making them impossible to recycle, affecting the secondary use of the device.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is: a pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules, comprising a bottom plate, four mutually parallel support plates are fixedly arranged on the upper end of the bottom plate, a carrying plate is fixedly arranged on the support plate, and a processing device for processing materials is rotatably arranged on the carrying plate; The processing device comprises a boss fixedly arranged on the carrying plate, a loading plate is rotatably arranged on the boss, a shell is fixedly arranged on the loading plate, a bracket is fixedly arranged on one side of the loading plate, a limit plate is fixedly arranged on the bracket, a shaft is fixedly arranged on the limit plate, a reaction furnace is rotatably arranged on the shaft, a heating chamber is arranged between the shell and the reaction furnace, and an adjustment mechanism for controlling the inclination angle of the processing device is arranged on the bottom plate; The adjustment mechanism comprises a cylinder fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a guide plate fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the loading plate, a guide groove is formed on the guide plate, and the output end of the cylinder is slidably arranged on the guide groove.

[0008] Preferably, four mutually parallel support columns are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and each of the support columns is evenly distributed at each corner of the bottom plate, and an anti-slip plate is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each of the support columns.

[0009] Preferably, two vertical plates parallel to each other are fixedly arranged on the loading plate, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between the two vertical plates, a clamping wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and a clamping ring matching the clamping wheel is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the reaction furnace.

[0010] Preferably, the cross section of each of the support plates is in an I-shape with a strong load-bearing capacity, and the lengths of each of the support plates are the same.

[0011] Preferably, an agitator is slidably arranged on the shaft body, and the agitator comprises a ring slidably arranged on the shaft body, a positioning ring is fixedly arranged on the ring, and an adjustment plate is rotatably arranged on the positioning ring.

[0012] Preferably, a groove is provided on the circular ring, a telescopic plate is slidably arranged in the groove, an arc groove is provided on one end of the adjustment plate close to the telescopic plate, and a spring is fixedly arranged between the telescopic plate and the bottom end of the groove.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment plate is arranged in an arc shape, and the length of the adjustment plate is not greater than the radius of the reaction furnace.

[0014] Preferably, a pulley is rotatably provided on the shaft, one end of the pulley is fixedly connected to the reactor, a motor is fixedly provided on the bracket, a pulley is fixedly provided on the output end of the motor, and the two pulleys are connected via a belt transmission.

[0015] Preferably, an arc plate is fixedly provided on the other end of the pulley, a connecting rod is slidably provided on the limit plate, the connecting rod matches the arc plate, a cylinder is slidably provided in the shaft body, the cylinder and the connecting rod are fixedly connected via a connecting plate, a spring 2 is fixedly provided between the connecting plate and the limit plate, a sliding groove is opened on the side wall of the shaft body, and the cylinder and the ring are fixedly connected.

[0016] A method for manufacturing a pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules, comprising the following steps: S1, when using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixing and positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic components to be processed are loaded into the reactor of the device, and after the materials are added, the reaction liquid is added into the inner shell of the device; S2, mechanically vacuum seal the device, start the motor in the device, the rotating motor drives the pulley on its output end to rotate, the rotating pulley drives the pulley on the shaft body to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the reaction furnace to rotate, at this time, the mixing degree of the material and the solution in the reaction furnace is increased, and the reaction efficiency of the device is improved; S3, after the reaction of the materials in the device is completed, when the internal materials need to be cleared, the staff starts the cylinder, and the cylinder pushes the carrier plate in the device to tilt so as to discharge the materials in the reactor.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application provides a pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic components. When using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixed positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic components to be processed are loaded into the reactor of the device. After the materials are added, the reaction liquid is added to the inner shell of the device, the device is mechanically vacuum sealed, and the motor in the device is started. The rotating motor drives the pulley on its output end to rotate, and the rotating pulley drives the pulley on the shaft to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the reactor to rotate. At this time, the mixing degree of the material and the solution in the reactor is increased, and the reaction efficiency of the device is improved. The material in the reactor is then stirred by an agitator arranged in the reactor to avoid the material from getting stuck in the reactor.

[0018] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present application also has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the agitator of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment plate of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 11, support column; 12, anti-skid plate; 2, support plate; 3, load-bearing plate; 4, boss; 41, loading plate; 411, vertical plate; 412, rotating shaft; 413, clamping wheel; 414, clamping ring; 42, bracket; 43, limit plate; 44, shaft body; 45, reactor; 46, shell; 5, cylinder; 51, guide plate; 52, guide groove; 6, agitator; 61, ring; 611, groove; 612, telescopic plate; 613, arc groove; 614, spring one; 62, positioning ring; 63, adjusting plate; 7, pulley; 71, motor; 8, arc plate; 81, connecting rod; 82, cylinder; 83, spring two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3, a pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules, comprising a bottom plate 1, four mutually parallel support plates 2 are fixedly arranged on the upper end of the bottom plate 1, a carrying plate 3 is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 2, and a processing device for processing materials is rotatably arranged on the carrying plate 3; The processing device includes a boss 4 fixedly arranged on a carrier plate 3, a loading plate 41 is rotatably arranged on the boss 4, a housing 46 is fixedly arranged on the loading plate 41, a bracket 42 is fixedly arranged on one side of the loading plate 41, a limit plate 43 is fixedly arranged on the bracket 42, a shaft 44 is fixedly arranged on the limit plate 43, a reaction furnace 45 is rotatably arranged on the shaft 44, a heating chamber is arranged between the housing 46 and the reaction furnace 45, and an adjustment mechanism for controlling the inclination angle of the processing device is arranged on the bottom plate 1; The adjusting mechanism comprises a cylinder 5 fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 1 , a guide plate 51 fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the loading plate 41 , a guide groove 52 is formed on the guide plate 51 , and an output end of the cylinder 5 is slidably arranged on the guide groove 52 .

[0024] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 Four mutually parallel support columns 11 are fixedly arranged on the base plate 1, and each support column 11 is evenly distributed at each corner of the base plate 1, and an anti-skid plate 12 is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each support column 11. By arranging the support columns 11 on the base plate 1, the support function of the entire device is realized. At the same time, each support column 11 is arranged at the corner of the base plate 1 so that each support column 11 can be evenly stressed during the support process of the device, thereby avoiding damage to the support column 11 due to uneven force during the support process. At the same time, the anti-skid plate 12 arranged on the bottom end of the support column 11 can increase the friction between the device and the ground, thereby avoiding the device from slipping during use.

[0025] Reference Figure 3-Figure 5 Two vertical plates 411 parallel to each other are fixedly arranged on the carrier plate 41, a rotating shaft 412 is rotatably arranged between the two vertical plates 411, a clamping wheel 413 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 412, and a clamping ring 414 matching the clamping wheel 413 is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the reaction furnace 45. By means of the two vertical plates 411 arranged on the carrier plate 41 and the rotating shaft 412 rotatably arranged between the two vertical plates 411, it is achieved that when the reaction furnace 45 of the device rotates, the clamping ring 414 fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the reaction furnace 45 rotates on the clamping wheel 413.

[0026] Reference Figure 4-Figure 6 The cross section of each support plate 2 is arranged in an I-shape with strong load-bearing capacity, and the lengths of each support plate 2 are the same. By arranging the support plates 2 in an I-shape, the supporting force of the support plates 2 is improved.

[0027] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7A stirrer 6 is slidably arranged on the shaft body 44, and the stirrer 6 includes a ring 61 slidably arranged on the shaft body 44, a positioning ring 62 is fixedly arranged on the ring 61, and an adjustment plate 63 is rotatably arranged on the positioning ring 62. By setting the stirrer 6 on the shaft body 44, it is achieved that when the device is started, the stirrer 6 on the shaft body 44 can stir the material inside it, so that the internal material is mixed with the solution, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the materials in the device.

[0028] Reference Figure 5-Figure 7 A groove 611 is provided on the ring 61, and a telescopic plate 612 is slidably arranged in the groove 611. An arc groove 613 is provided on one end of the adjustment plate 63 close to the telescopic plate 612, and a spring 614 is fixedly arranged between the telescopic plate 612 and the bottom end of the groove 611. Through the groove 611 provided on the ring 61, as the reaction furnace 45 rotates, the rotating reaction furnace 45 drives the material inside it to rotate. As the material is stirred, the pressure of the material on the adjustment plate 63 causes the adjustment plate 63 to rotate. The adjustment plate 63 then compresses the spring 614 in the groove 611 by compressing the telescopic plate 612, thereby changing the inclination angle of the adjustment plate 63 to avoid protecting the inner wall of the device reaction furnace 45.

[0029] Reference Figure 6-Figure 8 The adjusting plate 63 is arranged in an arc shape, and the length of the adjusting plate 63 is not greater than the radius of the reaction furnace 45. By arranging the adjusting plate 63 in an arc shape, the fit between the adjusting plate 63 and the material is improved, thereby ensuring the stirring efficiency of the device.

[0030] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 A pulley 7 is rotatably provided on the shaft body 44, one end of the pulley 7 is fixedly connected to the reaction furnace 45, a motor 71 is fixedly provided on the bracket 42, a pulley 7 is fixedly provided on the output end of the motor 71, and the two pulleys 7 are connected by belt transmission. Through the two pulleys 7 provided on the motor 71 and the shaft body 44, when the staff starts the motor 71, the pulley 7 on the shaft body 44 is driven to rotate by the belt, thereby driving the reaction furnace 45 to rotate.

[0031] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3A curved plate 8 is fixedly provided on the other end of the pulley 7, and a connecting rod 81 is slidably provided on the limit plate 43, and the connecting rod 81 matches the curved plate 8. A cylinder 82 is slidably provided in the shaft body 44, and the cylinder 82 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 81 through a connecting plate, and a spring 83 is fixedly provided between the connecting plate and the limit plate 43. A slide groove is provided on the side wall of the shaft body 44, and the cylinder 82 is fixedly connected to the ring 61. By setting the curved plate 8 on the pulley 7 on the shaft body 44, when the curved plate 8 rotates, the curved plate 8 drives the connecting rod 81 slidably provided on the connecting plate to move, thereby driving the cylinder 82 on the shaft body 44 to move, thereby realizing the lateral shaking of the cabinet-controlled agitator 6 to avoid the blockage of materials in the reactor 45.

[0032] The specific scheme is as follows: when using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixed positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic components to be processed are loaded into the reactor 45 of the device. After the materials are added, the reaction liquid is started to be added to the reactor 45 of the device. The support column 11 is arranged on the bottom plate 1 to achieve the support function of the entire device. At the same time, each support column 11 is arranged at the corner of the bottom plate 1 so that each support column 11 can be evenly stressed during the support process of the device, thereby avoiding the damage of the support column 11 due to uneven stress during the support process. At the same time, the anti-skid plate 12 arranged at the bottom end of the support column 11 can increase the friction between the device and the ground, thereby avoiding In order to prevent the device from slipping during use, the device is mechanically vacuum sealed, and the motor 71 in the device is started. The rotating motor 71 drives the pulley 7 on its output end to rotate, and the rotating pulley 7 drives the pulley 7 on the shaft body 44 to rotate through the belt, thereby driving the reaction furnace 45 to rotate. At this time, the mixing degree of the material and the solution in the reaction furnace 45 is increased, and the reaction efficiency of the device is improved. The arc plate 8 arranged on the pulley 7 on the shaft body 44 is realized. When the arc plate 8 rotates, the arc plate 8 drives the connecting rod 81 slidably arranged on the connecting plate to move, thereby driving the cylinder 82 on the shaft body 44 to move, thereby realizing the lateral shaking of the cabinet agitator 6 to avoid the blockage of the material in the reaction furnace 45.

[0033] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and within the spirit of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0034] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: Four mutually parallel support plates (2) are fixedly arranged on the upper end of the bottom plate (1), a carrying plate (3) is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate (2), and a processing device for processing materials is rotatably arranged on the carrying plate (3); The processing device comprises a boss (4) fixedly arranged on the carrying plate (3), a loading plate (41) being rotatably arranged on the boss (4), a housing (46) being fixedly arranged on the loading plate (41), a bracket (42) being fixedly arranged on one side of the loading plate (41), a motor (71) being fixedly arranged on the bracket (42), a limit plate (43) being fixedly arranged on the bracket (42), a shaft (44) being fixedly arranged on the limit plate (43), a reaction furnace (45) being rotatably arranged on the shaft (44), a heating chamber being arranged between the housing (46) and the reaction furnace (45), and an adjustment mechanism for controlling the inclination angle of the processing device being arranged on the bottom plate (1); The adjustment mechanism comprises a cylinder (5) fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1); a guide plate (51) is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of the object carrier plate (41); a guide groove (52) is formed on the guide plate (51); and an output end of the cylinder (5) is slidably arranged on the guide groove (52).

2. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Four mutually parallel support columns (11) are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (1), and each of the support columns (11) is evenly distributed at each corner of the bottom plate (1), and an anti-slip plate (12) is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of each of the support columns (11).

3. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two mutually parallel vertical plates (411) are fixedly arranged on the carrier plate (41), a rotating shaft (412) is rotatably arranged between the two vertical plates (411), a clamping wheel (413) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (412), and a clamping ring (414) matching the clamping wheel (413) is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the reaction furnace (45).

4. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of each support plate (2) is arranged in an I-shape with a strong load-bearing capacity, and each support plate (2) has the same length.

5. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft (44) is slidably provided with an agitator (6), and the agitator (6) comprises a circular ring (61) slidably provided on the shaft (44), a positioning ring (62) is fixedly provided on the circular ring (61), and an adjusting plate (63) is rotatably provided on the positioning ring (62).

6. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circular ring (61) is provided with a groove (611), a telescopic plate (612) is slidably arranged in the groove (611), an arc-shaped groove (613) is provided on one end of the adjustment plate (63) close to the telescopic plate (612), and a spring 1 (614) is fixedly arranged between the telescopic plate (612) and the bottom end of the groove (611).

7. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment plate (63) is arranged in an arc shape, and the length of the adjustment plate (63) is not greater than the radius of the reaction furnace (45).

8. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pulley (7) is rotatably provided on the shaft (44), one end of the pulley (7) is fixedly connected to the reaction furnace (45), a pulley (7) is fixedly provided on the output end of the motor (71), and the two pulleys (7) are connected via a belt transmission.

9. The pyrolysis separation method equipment for disposing retired photovoltaic modules according to claim 8, characterized in that: An arc plate (8) is fixedly provided on the other end of the pulley (7), a connecting rod (81) is slidably provided on the limit plate (43), the connecting rod (81) matches the arc plate (8), a cylinder (82) is slidably provided in the shaft body (44), the cylinder (82) and the connecting rod (81) are fixedly connected via a connecting plate, a second spring (83) is fixedly provided between the connecting plate and the limit plate (43), a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the shaft body (44), and the cylinder (82) and the ring (61) are fixedly connected.

10. A method for manufacturing a pyrolysis separation method equipment for treating retired photovoltaic modules, comprising the pyrolysis separation method equipment for treating retired photovoltaic modules according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, when using the device, the staff first moves the device to a predetermined position for fixing and positioning, and after the fixing is completed, the waste photovoltaic components to be processed are loaded into the reactor (45) of the device, and after the materials are added, the reaction liquid is added into the inner shell of the device; S2, mechanically vacuum sealing the device, starting the motor (71) in the device, and the rotating motor (71) drives the reaction furnace (45) to rotate through the transmission device, thereby increasing the mixing degree of the material and the solution in the reaction furnace (45) and improving the reaction efficiency of the device; S3, after the reaction of the materials in the device is completed, when it is necessary to remove the internal materials, the staff starts the reaction furnace (45), and the reaction furnace (45) pushes the carrier plate (41) in the device to tilt so as to discharge the materials in the reaction furnace (45).

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