Full-automatic production line for cold and hot press molding of brake shoes

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-automatic production line for cold and hot press molding of brake shoes. The production line realizes full-process automatic operation from material preparation to finished product cleaning. The production line at least comprises a quantitative subpackaging area, a feeding area, a brake shoe cold press molding area, a hot press molding area, a cleaning and polishing area and a marking area. The production line adopts a six-axis multifunctional manipulator and a truss manipulator to finish accurate grabbing and placing work of raw materials. The multifunctional manipulator is provided with a visual guidance system, flexible feeding of tile backs and friction materials is achieved, and the accuracy of cold pressing and hot pressing processes is guaranteed. The cold pressing link and the hot pressing link are designed through double-line matching, the production load is effectively balanced, and the production efficiency is improved. And in the cleaning and polishing area, brake shoe polishing is automatically completed through a polishing robot in combination with the 3D modeling technology, and the consistency and high quality of the product surface are guaranteed. Automatic marking equipment is adopted in the marking area, and unified identification and traceability of finished products are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of brake shoe production lines, and more particularly to a fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes. Background Art

[0002] At present, the railway system brake shoe production process uses manual labor to complete the loading, unloading, and conveying work of cold pressing, hot pressing, and engraving processes, as well as the grinding and cleaning of hot pressed products. Brake shoe cold and hot pressing processes are important links in the brake shoe production process. Automated operations are an important means to improve quality and increase production, reduce costs and increase efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of employees, and save energy and protect the environment. Using automated equipment to replace manual operations is the mainstream development trend of modern manufacturing. There are mainly the following points that need to be solved: 1. Improve the working environment The brake shoe production process is complex and requires high-temperature treatment. The production environment is relatively harsh, with problems such as excessively high operating temperatures, excessively heavy products, and rough process control. Workers need to wear protective equipment during the brake shoe hot pressing process, so it is particularly important to implement unmanned operation in harsh environments.

[0003] 2. Reduce labor intensity The annual output is 700,000 pieces and the daily output is 3,268 pieces. During the production process, products are frequently transported and transferred, and a single piece requires up to 10 processes for loading and unloading, and transferring (powder is transported to the cold press, tile backs are transported to the cold press, tile backs are manually installed, partitions are manually installed, powder is manually installed twice / piece, partitions are manually removed, cold pressing to hot pressing, hot pressing unloading and grinding, grinding to numbering process, numbering to stacking process). In addition, during the cold pressing process of brake shoes, it is necessary to manually fill the brake shoes, friction body materials and spacer blocks into the cold pressing mold, and the labor intensity of workers is high. Therefore, it is particularly important to replace people with machines in the production process.

[0004] 3. Reduce staff and increase efficiency As the labor cost in my country rises year by year, the difficulty of personnel management continues to increase, and the situation of difficulty and high cost of recruiting workers gradually emerges, and this situation will intensify in the coming time. Therefore, upgrading the intelligent manufacturing industry of brake shoe related production links and building brake shoe automatic production lines will become an inevitable choice under the high-end technological development situation of the industry.

[0005] 4. Improve product quality At present, the process control qualification rate of brake shoe products is 98%. Combined with the experience analysis in the production process and the optimization of existing molds, partitions, temperature control systems and other means, the process control qualification rate of products will be increased to more than 99%. At the same time, the amount of cleaning and grinding will be reduced, material loss will be reduced, the amount of cleaning residue powder will be reduced, and the service life of equipment consumables will be increased.

[0006] 5. Realize the automation trend At present, looking at the brake shoe manufacturing industry at home and abroad, the production of brake shoes is still in the single-machine manual operation stage. The production processes of cold and hot pressed brake shoes are all manually assisted with the loading and unloading of cold and hot presses to realize the pressing and forming of brake shoes, manual cleaning and grinding, engraving and marking, manual realization of the material transmission of shoe backs, friction body materials, brake shoes, etc. The application of cold and hot pressed brake shoe automated production lines and complete sets of equipment is still blank.

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of railway brake shoes. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a brake shoe cold and hot pressing fully automated production line, which successfully realizes the full process automation of brake shoe production through the coordinated operation of AGV dispatching vehicles, multifunctional manipulators, truss manipulators, grinding robots and intelligent control systems. The production line significantly improves production efficiency, reduces labor costs, and ensures the stability of product quality through precise control and management systems.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, which mainly include: A fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes, the production line at least comprising: A certain amount of packaging area, the quantitative packaging area includes: a friction body powder box that has been quantitatively packaged, a material rack for placing the friction body powder box, and an AGV dispatching vehicle for transferring the material rack, and an AGV guide path is laid between the quantitative packaging area and the next area; A loading area, arranged downstream of the quantitative filling area, comprising a tile back loading preparation rack, a friction body loading rack and a multifunctional manipulator, wherein the multifunctional manipulator is used for transferring and placing powder boxes and tile backs; a brake shoe cold press forming area, which is arranged downstream of the feeding area, and the brake shoe cold press forming area is provided with a plurality of cold presses and a truss manipulator for transferring cold press formed parts; a brake shoe hot press forming area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe cold press forming area, wherein the brake shoe hot press forming area is provided with a plurality of hot presses; a brake shoe cleaning and polishing area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe hot pressing and forming area, the brake shoe cleaning and polishing area includes a polishing robot and a polishing machine, which are used to automatically polish the brake shoe after being pressed and formed; A brake shoe marking area is arranged downstream of the brake shoe cleaning and grinding area. The brake shoe marking area is provided with a brake shoe numbering device. The cleaned brake shoe is placed on the brake shoe numbering device through a truss manipulator for brake shoe engraving.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the multifunctional manipulator is a six-axis manipulator equipped with two sets of end pickers; The multifunctional manipulator is also equipped with a laser vision guidance system.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, two sets of tile back loading and preparation racks and friction body loading racks are arranged in the loading area; and the tile back loading and preparation racks and friction body loading racks are arranged in the effective working area of ​​the multifunctional manipulator.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, parallel production lines are set on both sides of the multifunctional manipulator, and the arrangement order is brake shoe cold pressing forming area, brake shoe hot pressing forming area, brake shoe cleaning and polishing area, and brake shoe numbering area; and each area is arranged on the same straight line, and the truss manipulator X-axis is arranged along this order.

[0013] In a specific method, 10 hot press machines are used in the brake shoe hot pressing forming area, which are installed on the left and right lines, 5 machines on each side, and used in parallel to form a double-line 1:5 match with the cold press machine.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the cold press comprises a bottom die, a middle die and an upper die, and the bottom die, the middle die and the upper die are designed in layers.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the heat press further includes a heat press temperature control system.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the bottom mold of the hot press is provided with six tile back accommodating grooves, and the multifunctional manipulator is provided with multiple end pickers corresponding to the tile back accommodating grooves, so as to ensure that the multifunctional manipulator can complete the loading work of the tile back in one action.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Fully automated production to improve production efficiency The production line realizes fully automated processing from raw material packaging, loading, cold pressing, hot pressing, polishing to numbering. Each link is automatically completed by manipulators and robots, reducing human intervention, thereby significantly improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0018] The use of multifunctional manipulators and truss manipulators achieves seamless connection of all links in the production line, reduces downtime and improves overall production efficiency.

[0019] 2. Application of multifunctional manipulator with strong flexibility The use of a six-axis multifunctional robot, equipped with two sets of end pickers and a laser vision guidance system, allows the robot to flexibly grab different types of materials (such as single tile backs or multiple tile backs, friction body materials), greatly enhancing the flexibility and automation level of the production line.

[0020] The robot's visual guidance system enables precise positioning and grasping, ensuring accurate placement of materials and reducing errors and losses.

[0021] 3. Modular production to reduce downtime The loading area is equipped with two sets of tile back loading and preparation racks and friction body loading racks, one for use and one for standby, which can effectively ensure continuous loading. Even if one set of materials is exhausted, it can be quickly switched, thereby reducing downtime and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the production line.

[0022] Setting up parallel production lines on both sides of the multifunctional manipulator for parallel production can greatly increase production capacity. Each area is arranged in a straight line, and the truss manipulator transfers sequentially along the X-axis, which simplifies the logistics route and improves the transmission efficiency.

[0023] 4. Dual-line cold pressing and hot pressing match to balance production load The production line adopts a double-line layout and a 1:5 matching design between the cold press and the hot press to ensure the balance of production capacity between cold pressing and hot pressing, making the production process more continuous and avoiding bottleneck problems caused by insufficient production capacity in a certain link.

[0024] The AGV dispatch vehicle is responsible for the transportation of materials between production lines, enabling effective linkage between cold pressing and hot pressing, ensuring a smooth entire production process.

[0025] 5.Automation of polishing and numbering to improve product quality consistency The brake shoe cleaning and polishing area consists of a polishing robot and a 3D scanning modeling system, which can accurately and automatically polish the brake shoes after hot pressing, ensuring the consistent surface quality of each brake shoe and improving the overall quality of the product.

[0026] The automated numbering system can directly mark products after polishing, ensuring product traceability and standardization and improving product market competitiveness.

[0027] 6.Multi-station synchronous operation significantly improves production capacity Six tile back accommodating grooves are set on the bottom mold of the hot press, corresponding to the number of clamps of the multi-functional manipulator, ensuring that the manipulator can complete the loading of multiple tile backs in one operation. This multi-station synchronous operation mode significantly improves the production capacity of the production line and shortens the processing cycle of a single product.

[0028] The hot press machine is equipped with a temperature control system, which can effectively control the temperature stability during the hot pressing process to ensure the consistency and stability of product quality.

[0029] 7. Accurate feeding and pressing process to reduce material waste During the cold and hot pressing processes, the robot is used to accurately position the tile back and friction material to ensure the accurate placement of the material in the mold, reduce the possible deviation or uneven compaction during the pressing process, and reduce material waste.

[0030] The coordination of the bottom die, middle die and upper die and the automatic loading of the multifunctional manipulator ensure the accuracy of cold pressing, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent hot pressing and product quality.

[0031] 8. Hot press temperature control system to improve product quality stability The temperature control system equipped with the hot press can accurately control the mold temperature during the entire hot pressing process, ensure the stability of the hot pressing molding conditions, and avoid affecting product quality due to temperature fluctuations.

[0032] Maintaining temperature stability is the key to improving the performance of friction materials and extending the service life of brake shoes. Such a design can greatly improve the product quality and consistency of brake shoes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the regional distribution structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a top view of the regional distribution structure of the present invention.

[0037] In the attached figure: 1- quantitative filling area; 2- loading area; 3- brake shoe cold pressing forming area; 4- brake shoe hot pressing forming area; 5- brake shoe cleaning and polishing area; 6- brake shoe numbering area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1 The present invention relates to a fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes, which integrates full-process automated equipment and involves multiple production links such as quantitative packaging, feeding, cold pressing, hot pressing, cleaning, grinding and numbering. Each step is coordinated and completed by manipulators, robots, AGVs and intelligent electronic control systems to achieve the goals of improving production efficiency, reducing labor and controlling product quality.

[0040] 1-Quantitative filling area 1 Quantitative filling area 1 is the starting point of the production process. It is used to quantitatively fill the friction material (powder) and load it into the powder box. The powder boxes are neatly placed on the material rack for orderly management and dispatching. This area uses a latent lifting AGV dispatching vehicle with a carrying capacity of 500kg and an overall operating speed of 25m / min. The AGV dispatching vehicle transports the material rack from quantitative filling area 1 to loading area 2. Through the preset path and dispatching system, it ensures that the materials can be accurately and timely delivered to the production line, providing a stable material supply for subsequent production.

[0041] 1.1 Route planning and operation procedures of AGV dispatching vehicles Workshop map modeling: Use laser scanning and visual scanning to establish a digital map of the workshop, calibrate key node locations such as quantitative filling area 1 and loading area 2, and ensure the optimization of material transmission paths.

[0042] Route planning algorithm: Use Dijkstra algorithm or A* algorithm for global path planning, and combine with dynamic obstacle avoidance algorithm to adjust the driving route in real time to ensure that obstacles can be bypassed smoothly.

[0043] Central dispatch system and task coordination: The coordination of multiple AGVs is completed through the central dispatch system. The dispatch system makes the optimal task allocation based on factors such as the current position of each AGV and the urgency of the task to avoid path congestion.

[0044] Automatic navigation and obstacle avoidance: AGV uses multiple sensors such as lidar and ultrasonic sensors to perceive the environment and achieve autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance.

[0045] Precise parking and docking: AGV is accurately positioned through QR code identification or reflective strips on the ground, and automatically stops when it reaches the designated position to ensure that the robot can smoothly grab the material.

[0046] Automatic charging management: When the AGV completes its mission and detects low battery, it automatically returns to the charging station to recharge to ensure continuous and efficient operation.

[0047] 2. Loading area 2 The main task of the loading area 2 is to prepare the tile back and friction body powder, and to transfer these raw materials to the subsequent cold pressing forming area in sequence. The loading area is equipped with a multifunctional six-axis manipulator, a tile back loading and preparation rack, and a friction body loading rack.

[0048] The multifunctional manipulator is a six-axis manipulator equipped with two sets of end pickers; End picker 1: It is used to unstack and unload single tile backs and place them on the tile back loading and preparation rack; End picker 2: used for automatic loading of tile backs and packaged powder boxes; The multifunctional manipulator is also equipped with a laser vision guidance system. To improve efficiency, multiple end pickers are arranged side by side, and the tile backs and powder boxes are placed synchronously, corresponding to the tile back accommodating grooves, to ensure that the multifunctional manipulator can complete the tile back loading work in one action.

[0049] Multifunctional six-axis manipulator: With a load capacity of more than 100kg, this manipulator is equipped with two sets of fixtures and a laser vision guidance system and can perform the following tasks: Action a: The powder box delivered by the AGV dispatch vehicle is grabbed by the robot and placed on the friction body loading rack.

[0050] Action b: The robot removes the tiles from the tile backing pallet, grabs the tiles one by one, and places them in the tile backing loading and preparation rack. The tiles are stored vertically to avoid damage by stacking.

[0051] Action c: The robot grabs the tile back from the tile back loading and preparation rack and places it in the bottom mold of the cold press; Action d: At the same time, grab the powder box from the friction body loading rack to the preset position of the cold press and pour the powder into the cold press.

[0052] Material source of loading area 2: The friction body powder box is transported from the quantitative filling area by the AGV dispatching vehicle. The AGV dispatching vehicle transports the material rack loaded with powder boxes from the quantitative filling area to the designated location, which is in the effective operation area of ​​the multifunctional six-axis manipulator. The manipulator grabs and places it on the friction body loading rack (action a); Tile backs, the glued tile backs are manually removed from the conveyor line of the glue coating machine and stacked on pallets for 24-hour aging treatment. In order to reduce the material transportation path, the aged pallets are manually delivered to the pallet removal area by forklift every day, laying a good foundation for the visual guidance, automatic depalletizing and loading of the cold-pressed tile back robot. The stacked pallets are placed in the effective operation area of ​​the multifunctional six-axis manipulator. The manipulator depalletizes the tile back pallets, grabs the tile backs one by one, and places them in the tile back loading preparation rack (action b); In order to ensure the continuity of the feeding process, two sets of tile back feeding preparation racks and friction body feeding racks are configured in the feeding area 2, which operate in the form of "one in use and one in reserve". The multifunctional six-axis manipulator has an action sequence of abcdababcd to avoid downtime caused by material change. In addition, the laser vision guidance system ensures that materials can be accurately grasped and positioned through high-precision image processing and position detection to minimize errors.

[0053] 3. Brake shoe cold pressing area 3 Brake shoe cold press forming area 3 is the first step in the brake shoe forming process. The basic structure of the brake shoe is determined by cold press forming. The cold press machine adopts a removable mold design. The mold includes a bottom mold, a middle mold and an upper mold. The specific operations of each mold part are as follows: Bottom mold push out: At the beginning of the cold pressing process, the bottom mold is pushed out to facilitate the placement of the tile back.

[0054] Automatic loading of tile back: The multifunctional robot automatically places the tile back into the bottom mold (action c), and the bottom mold returns to its original position after completion.

[0055] Middle mold operation: After the middle mold is lowered into place, the multifunctional manipulator automatically fills the friction material into the mold (action d). The friction material is added in two times to ensure the uniformity of material filling.

[0056] The upper die presses down: the upper die starts to press, and the middle die rises accordingly to complete the cold pressing forming. The pressure of the entire cold pressing process reaches 130 tons / piece.

[0057] Transfer of molded parts: After the cold pressing is completed, the molded parts are grabbed by the truss manipulator and transferred to the brake shoe hot pressing forming area 4. The truss manipulator has an X-axis running speed of 1m / s and a Z-axis running speed of 0.5m / s to ensure efficient material transfer.

[0058] Cold pressing can complete the pressing of 6 brake shoes at a time. This multi-station design greatly improves production efficiency and reduces manual operation and waiting time.

[0059] 4. Setting and control of truss manipulator 4.1 Truss structure design and layout XYZ three-axis system: The truss manipulator is set as an XYZ three-axis motion system along the production line, spanning the brake shoe cold press forming area 3, the brake shoe hot press forming area 4 and the brake shoe grinding and cleaning area 5 to achieve cross-area material transmission. Lightweight and high-strength aluminum alloy materials are used to ensure the rigidity and lightness of the truss to improve the speed and responsiveness of the manipulator.

[0060] Linear layout and modular design: The truss adopts a linear layout, and each process is arranged along the same straight line to reduce the complexity of the transportation path. The modular design facilitates system expansion and maintenance.

[0061] 4.2 Control system and operation process Motion controller and servo drive: The X, Y, and Z axes of the truss manipulator are all driven by servo motors. The motion controller controls the smooth movement and precise positioning of the manipulator by accurately calculating the acceleration and deceleration curves.

[0062] Task scheduling: The robot receives task instructions through the central control system, calculates the optimal path according to the task requirements, grabs the molded parts from the cold press area and places them at the preset position of the hot press.

[0063] Safety and precise control: The robot is equipped with position sensors and limit switches to ensure safe and precise operation, while providing real-time feedback at each moving node to avoid overtravel or misoperation.

[0064] 4.3 Security protection and collaborative work Safety sensors and protection: The robot is equipped with a laser protection sensor, which automatically stops when a person enters the working area by mistake, ensuring safe operation.

[0065] Multi-process collaboration and cache design: To ensure the continuity of the production rhythm, the truss robot is equipped with a cache rack that can temporarily store materials between processes to cope with sudden abnormal situations and ensure the stable operation of the entire production line.

[0066] 5. Brake shoe hot pressing area 4 Brake shoe hot pressing and forming area 4 is a key link in brake shoe production, which is used to further improve the density and strength of friction materials. The hot pressing and forming area is equipped with 10 hot pressing machines, 5 on each of the left and right production lines, forming a 1:5 matching relationship between the two lines to ensure balanced production capacity.

[0067] Hot press design: The hot press includes a bottom mold, a middle mold and a temperature control system. Both the bottom mold and the middle mold are removable for easy loading and unloading and cleaning. The hot press temperature is controlled at 150±10℃. Four exhausts are required during the molding process, each lasting 18 seconds, followed by pressure holding for 20 minutes to ensure the density and quality of the brake shoe.

[0068] Hot pressing process: The cold pressed parts are placed into the mold of the hot press machine by the truss robot. After the hot pressing process is completed, the truss robot transfers the molded parts to the cleaning and polishing area.

[0069] 6. Brake shoe cleaning and grinding area 5 After hot pressing, brake shoes usually have burrs and flash, so they need to be cleaned and polished. Brake shoe cleaning and polishing area 5 consists of a polishing robot and a grinder: Grinding robot: The robot uses an offline programming system based on 3D scanning modeling to plan the optimal grinding path. The robot has a load capacity of 20kg and can accurately grab the brake shoe after hot pressing and send it to the grinder for grinding.

[0070] Automatic grinding and cleaning: The robot automatically grinds the brake shoe according to the programmed path to remove burrs and excess material, ensuring the surface finish and consistency of each product. The polished brake shoe is placed by the robot on the next step of the numbering station.

[0071] 7. Brake shoe numbering area 6 Brake shoe numbering area 6 is used to identify products to achieve product traceability: Numbering equipment: The numbering equipment includes positioning blocks, letter heads, pressure blocks, etc. The letter heads can be replaced as needed to facilitate the identification of different batches of brake shoes. The numbering robot places the brake shoes on the numbering equipment after polishing, and the numbering work is automatically completed. After the numbering is completed, the brake shoes are manually checked and placed on the unloading tray, waiting for stacking and storage.

[0072] 8.Automation control and system integration Automation control system: This system uses the electronic control system to centrally control and manage all links, including sensors and actuators, PLC programming and control, motor drive and human-machine interface, etc. The electronic control system ensures precise linkage between each process to avoid misoperation and delay in the production process.

[0073] Robot laser vision guidance: During the process of tile back destacking and loading, the laser vision guidance system obtains the geometric and position information of the workpiece through laser scanning and image processing technology to ensure the precise grasping of the robot.

[0074] Energy consumption control and environmentally friendly waste discharge system: The production line is equipped with an energy consumption monitoring system and an environmentally friendly waste discharge control system to monitor and manage energy consumption and waste treatment in production in real time, ensuring energy conservation and environmental protection throughout the production process.

[0075] 9. System advantages and implementation effects Increased production capacity: Through the multi-station pressing design, both the cold pressing and hot pressing processes can produce up to 6 pieces at a time, and the annual production capacity is increased to 700,000 pieces.

[0076] Efficient production: The coordinated work of AGV scheduling, truss manipulator handling and robot grinding makes the entire production process almost free of human intervention, realizing fully automated production from raw materials to finished products, reducing labor costs and labor intensity.

[0077] High quality control: precise pressure and temperature control systems are used to ensure the dimensional accuracy of molded parts and the stability of product quality, and the qualified rate is increased from 98% to over 99%. The automatic polishing process also ensures the uniformity and smoothness of the surface of each product.

[0078] Energy saving and environmental protection: Through the design of plunger pump hydraulic system, waste collection equipment and waste discharge system, an energy-saving and environmentally friendly production process is achieved, which improves the working environment and reduces the impact on the natural environment.

[0079] In summary, this fully automated production line realizes an efficient, intelligent and automated brake shoe production process through the coordinated operation of manipulators, robots, AGVs, truss manipulators and electronic control systems, significantly improves production efficiency, reduces production costs, improves product quality, and achieves the goal of energy conservation and environmental protection. It is an important technological innovation and progress in the field of brake shoe production.

[0080] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0081] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A fully automated production line for cold and hot pressing of brake shoes, characterized in that: The production line includes at least: A certain amount of packaging area, the quantitative packaging area includes: a friction body powder box that has been quantitatively packaged, a material rack for placing the friction body powder box, and an AGV dispatching vehicle for transferring the material rack, and an AGV guide path is laid between the quantitative packaging area and the next area; A loading area, arranged downstream of the quantitative filling area, comprising a tile back loading preparation rack, a friction body loading rack and a multifunctional manipulator, wherein the multifunctional manipulator is used for transferring and placing powder boxes and tile backs; a brake shoe cold press forming area, which is arranged downstream of the feeding area, and the brake shoe cold press forming area is provided with a plurality of cold presses and a truss manipulator for transferring cold press formed parts; a brake shoe hot press forming area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe cold press forming area, wherein the brake shoe hot press forming area is provided with a plurality of hot presses; a brake shoe cleaning and polishing area, arranged downstream of the brake shoe hot pressing and forming area, the brake shoe cleaning and polishing area includes a polishing robot and a polishing machine, which are used to automatically polish the brake shoe after being pressed and formed; A brake shoe marking area is arranged downstream of the brake shoe cleaning and grinding area. The brake shoe marking area is provided with a brake shoe numbering device. The cleaned brake shoe is placed on the brake shoe numbering device through a truss manipulator for brake shoe engraving.

2. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional manipulator is a six-axis manipulator equipped with two sets of end pickers; the multifunctional manipulator is also equipped with a laser vision guidance system.

3. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the loading area, two groups of tile back loading and preparation racks and friction body loading racks are arranged; the tile back loading and preparation racks and the friction body loading racks are arranged in the effective working area of ​​the multifunctional manipulator.

4. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: Parallel production lines are arranged on both sides of the multifunctional manipulator, and the arrangement order is brake shoe cold pressing forming area, brake shoe hot pressing forming area, brake shoe cleaning and polishing area, and brake shoe numbering area; and each area is arranged on the same straight line, and the truss manipulator X-axis is arranged along this order.

5. The fully automated production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are 10 hot press machines in the brake shoe hot pressing forming area, which are installed on the left and right lines respectively, with 5 machines on each side, and used in parallel to form a double-line 1:5 match with the cold press machine.

6. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold press comprises a bottom die, a middle die and an upper die, and the bottom die, the middle die and the upper die are designed in layers.

7. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot press also includes a hot press temperature control system.

8. The fully automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mold of the hot press is provided with six tile back accommodating grooves, and the multifunctional manipulator is provided with a plurality of end pickers corresponding to the tile back accommodating grooves.

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