Offshore photovoltaic substation

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore photovoltaic substation, and relates to the technical field of offshore power equipment. Comprising a floating platform, the floating platform is provided with a control terminal, the floating platform is provided with a cavity, winches distributed in the circumferential direction are rotationally connected into the cavity of the floating platform through connecting pieces, the floating platform is fixedly connected with rectangular fixing blocks distributed in the circumferential direction, and the rectangular fixing blocks are slidably connected with moving rods in a penetrating mode; the movable rod penetrates through the floating platform and is in sliding connection with the floating platform, the side, away from the floating platform, of the movable rod is rotationally connected with a limiting wheel through a connecting piece, the winch is wound with an anchor chain, and a first elastic piece is fixedly connected between the movable rod and the adjacent rectangular fixing block. The impact force of stormy waves borne by the device is buffered through the action of the first elastic piece, and the situation that in the moving process of the device, the tensioning force borne by the anchor chain is too large, so that an anchoring point is torn and damaged or even the anchor chain is broken, and the safety of the whole transformer substation is affected is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore power equipment, and in particular to an offshore photovoltaic substation. Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic substation is a power generation system that uses solar energy and electronic components such as crystalline silicon panels and inverters. Building a photovoltaic power station at sea can make full use of the offshore space and avoid occupying a large amount of precious land resources on land. Traditional floating photovoltaic power stations include floating boards, photovoltaic modules, inverters and other devices. The floating boards float on the water, and photovoltaic modules and inverters are installed on the floating boards at a fixed angle. The floating boards are fixed underwater by anchor chains, and the anchor chains go deep into the water. Photovoltaic substations are easily affected by the marine environment, especially in high wind speeds, high waves and high ocean currents. The anchor chains are tightened and the substations are prone to "emergency braking", causing damage to the anchor points and breakage of the anchor chains, thereby threatening the safety of the entire substation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the disadvantage that the anchor chain is easily affected by the wind and waves at sea, which makes the substation very easy to form the "sudden brake" phenomenon, causing the anchor point to be torn and damaged and the anchor chain to break, resulting in the safety of the entire substation being threatened, the present invention provides an offshore photovoltaic substation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: an offshore photovoltaic substation, including a floating platform, the floating platform is provided with a control terminal, the floating platform is provided with a cavity, a circumferentially distributed winch is rotatably connected in the cavity of the floating platform through a connecting piece, the floating platform is fixed with a circumferentially distributed rectangular fixed block, the rectangular fixed block is slidably connected with a moving rod, the moving rod penetrates the floating platform and is slidably connected thereto, the side of the moving rod away from the floating platform is rotatably connected to a limiting wheel through a connecting piece, the winch is wound with an anchor chain, the end of the anchor chain away from the floating platform is fixed to a fixing device on the seabed through a connecting piece, the circumferentially distributed rectangular fixed block is rotatably connected with a guide wheel that is mirror-distributed and cooperates with the adjacent anchor chain, the anchor chain bypasses the adjacent limiting wheel while bypassing the guide wheel on the adjacent rectangular fixed block, a first elastic member is fixedly connected between the moving rod and the adjacent rectangular fixed block, the floating platform is provided with a motor that is circumferentially distributed and electrically connected to the control terminal, and the output shaft of the motor on the floating platform cooperates with the adjacent winch.

[0005] Furthermore, a transmission rod with central symmetrical distribution is rotatably connected in the cavity of the floating platform through a connecting piece, the winch cooperates with the adjacent transmission rod through a transmission device, the transmission rod is fixed with an axially distributed connecting ring, the axially distributed connecting rings are all fixed with circumferentially evenly distributed guide blocks, the circumferentially evenly distributed guide blocks are all provided with through holes, the circumferentially evenly distributed guide blocks are commonly fixed with a rotating ring, a cavity is provided between the rotating ring and the adjacent connecting ring, the rotating ring is slidably connected with a circumferentially evenly distributed moving block, the circumferentially evenly distributed moving blocks are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent guide blocks, and the circumferentially evenly distributed moving blocks are respectively cooperated with the through holes on the adjacent guide blocks, the floating platform is fixed with an axially distributed connecting shell through a connecting piece, the axially distributed connecting shell is respectively sealed and rotatably connected to the adjacent rotating ring and the adjacent connecting ring, and the axially distributed connecting shell is respectively provided with a cavity between the adjacent rotating rings.

[0006] Furthermore, the length of movement of the moving block along the adjacent guide block is smaller than the distance between the connecting ring and the adjacent rotating ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the floating platform is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed liquid storage tubes through connecting parts, and the circumferentially distributed liquid storage tubes are all sealed and slidably connected with a first push plate, the first push plate is fixedly connected to the adjacent moving rod, the diagonally distributed liquid storage tubes are commonly fixedly connected and connected to a limiting tube, a mirror-distributed second push plate is slidably connected in the limiting tube, a second elastic member is fixedly connected between the mirror-distributed second push plates in the same limiting tube, and a third elastic member is fixedly connected between the rectangular fixed block and the adjacent first elastic member.

[0008] Further, the elastic coefficient of the third elastic member is greater than the elastic coefficient of the adjacent first elastic member, and the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the adjacent third elastic member.

[0009] Furthermore, the floating platform is rotatably connected to circumferentially distributed floating legs, and the circumferentially distributed floating legs are all provided with through holes, and a rectangular telescopic plate is fixedly connected in the through holes of the floating legs, and the telescopic end of the rectangular telescopic plate is slidably connected to the adjacent floating legs, and the telescopic end of the rectangular telescopic plate is fixedly connected to an inclined plate, and an electric telescopic rod electrically connected to the control terminal is fixedly connected in the cavity of the floating leg, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inclined plate on the telescopic end of the adjacent rectangular telescopic plate.

[0010] Furthermore, circular connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the sides of the circumferentially distributed floating legs away from the floating platform, the circular connecting blocks are slidably connected to moving rings, a cavity is arranged between the moving rings and adjacent circular connecting blocks, spring plates are fixedly connected in the cavities of the moving rings and adjacent circular connecting blocks, a U-shaped fixed block is fixedly connected to the side of the moving ring away from the adjacent rectangular telescopic plate, the U-shaped fixed block is rotatably connected to a U-shaped plate that runs through it, the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic plate, the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic plate is fixedly connected to a U-shaped moving plate, evenly distributed wind blocking plates are arranged between the U-shaped plate and adjacent U-shaped moving plates, and adjacent wind blocking plates are slidably connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the through hole on the floating leg is Z-shaped, and the diameter of the through hole close to the adjacent U-shaped plate is smaller than the diameter of the through hole far from the adjacent U-shaped plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the circular connecting block is fixedly connected with a first airbag, the first airbag is located in the cavity of the adjacent circular connecting block and the adjacent moving ring, the moving ring is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped limit block, the arc-shaped limit block is provided with an arc-shaped groove, an arc-shaped push rod is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped groove of the arc-shaped limit block, the telescopic end of the arc-shaped push rod is fixedly connected with a V-shaped frame, the V-shaped frame slides in the arc-shaped groove of the adjacent arc-shaped limit block, an elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped groove of the arc-shaped limit block, and the same arc-shaped limit block is The elastic telescopic rod in the groove is distributed in a mirror image with the adjacent arc-shaped push rod, and the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic rods in the arc grooves of the four arc-shaped limit blocks are fixedly connected to the adjacent V-shaped frame, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the V-shaped frame away from the adjacent arc-shaped limit block, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the adjacent U-shaped plate. The fixed parts of the symmetrically distributed arc-shaped push rods are all fixedly connected and connected with connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes on the fixed parts of the arc-shaped push rods pass through the adjacent movable ring and the arc-shaped limit block and are connected to the adjacent first airbag.

[0013] Furthermore, a second airbag is fixedly connected to the side of the circular connecting block away from the adjacent first airbag, an air pipe is fixedly connected to the circular connecting block, the air pipe is communicated with the adjacent second airbag, the U-shaped movable plate is fixedly connected to a pneumatic push rod, the air pipe passes through the adjacent movable ring, the adjacent U-shaped fixed block and the adjacent U-shaped plate, the air pipe is communicated with the fixed part of the adjacent pneumatic push rod, the U-shaped movable plate is slidably connected to a first U-shaped movable frame, the first U-shaped movable frame is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the adjacent pneumatic push rod, the first U-shaped movable frame cooperates with the adjacent and evenly distributed wind block plates, the U-shaped plate is slidably connected to a second U-shaped movable frame, the second U-shaped movable frame cooperates with the adjacent and evenly distributed wind block plates.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention buffers the impact force of wind and waves on the device through the action of the first elastic member, thereby preventing the anchor chain from being subjected to excessive tension during the movement of the device, which may cause tearing damage to the anchor point or even breakage of the anchor chain, thereby affecting the safety of the entire substation.

[0015] By reducing the distance that the device can move in the reverse direction during movement, it is prevented that the distance that the device can move in the reverse direction increases when the wind and waves at sea suddenly change direction. If the device is not subjected to the tension of the anchor chain during the process of moving in the reverse direction to the initial position, the speed of the device moving in the reverse direction increases under the action of wind and waves, resulting in an increase in the impact force on the device.

[0016] The wind-blocking plate is affected by wind and waves and rotates, thereby driving the adjacent floating legs to rotate synchronously, so that the through holes on the floating legs are turned to the windward side, so that when the wind and waves move, the part that flows into the through holes on the floating legs is diverted, thereby increasing the deadweight of the floating legs, thereby increasing the deadweight of the entire device, and increasing the stability of the device in the process of resisting wind and waves.

[0017] By reducing the contact area between the wind and waves and the windbreak board after the floating legs have all rotated 180 degrees, the influence of the wind and waves on the windbreak board is reduced, thereby reducing the influence of the wind and waves on the overall stability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the internal device of the floating platform of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the winch and the transmission rod of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid storage tube and the second elastic member of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the moving rod, the liquid storage tube and the first push plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the connecting shell of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable ring and the V-shaped frame of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interior of the floating leg and the interior of the moving ring of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the V-shaped frame and the connecting plate of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the pneumatic push rod and the first U-shaped moving frame of the present invention.

[0019] The markings in the figure are: 1-floating platform, 101-capstan, 102-rectangular fixed block, 103-moving rod, 104-limiting wheel, 105-anchor chain, 106-first elastic member, 2-transmission rod, 201-connecting ring, 202-guide block, 203-rotating ring, 204-moving block, 205-connecting shell, 3-liquid storage tube, 301-first push plate, 302-limiting tube, 303-second push plate, 304-second elastic member, 305-third elastic member, 5-floating leg, 501-rectangular shaped telescopic plate, 502-electric telescopic rod, 6-circular connecting block, 601-moving ring, 6011-U-shaped fixed block, 602-U-shaped plate, 603-elastic telescopic plate, 604-U-shaped moving plate, 605-wind blocking plate, 7-first airbag, 701-arc-shaped limit block, 702-arc-shaped push rod, 703-V-shaped frame, 704-connecting plate, 705-second airbag, 706-trachea, 707-pneumatic push rod, 708-first U-shaped moving frame, 709-second U-shaped moving frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Embodiment 1: An offshore photovoltaic substation, such as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, it includes a floating platform 1, a control terminal is arranged on the upper side of the floating platform 1, and a cavity is arranged on the floating platform 1. Four capstans 101 distributed circumferentially are rotatably connected in the cavity of the floating platform 1 through a connecting piece. The four capstans 101 are respectively distributed at four vertex corners in the cavity of the floating platform 1. Rectangular fixed blocks 102 are fixed at the four vertex corners on the outer side of the floating platform 1. The four rectangular fixed blocks 102 are all connected to moving rods 103 in a penetrating sliding manner. The four moving rods 103 all penetrate the floating platform 1 and are slidably connected thereto. The four moving rods 103 are rotatably connected to the side away from the floating platform 1 through a connecting piece. The limiting wheel 104 drives the adjacent moving rod 103 to move. The four winches 101 are all wound with anchor chains 105. The lower ends of the four anchor chains 105 are fixedly connected to the fixing device on the seabed through connecting pieces. The upper and lower sides of the rectangular fixed block 102 are rotatably connected with guide wheels that cooperate with the adjacent anchor chains 105. The two guide wheels on the same rectangular fixed block 102 are distributed in an upper and lower mirror-image manner. The anchor chain 105 bypasses the adjacent limiting wheel 104 while bypassing the guide wheels on the upper and lower sides of the adjacent rectangular fixed block 102. The guide wheel cooperates with the adjacent limiting wheel 104 to set the adjacent anchor chain 105 in a "F" shape, thereby increasing the force required in the process of pulling the anchor chain 105. The limiting wheel 104 guides the adjacent anchor chain 105, and at the same time, when the floating platform 1 is moved under the influence of wind and waves, the four anchor chains 105 are pulled out from the adjacent winches 101 to buffer the impact force on the floating platform 1. The four moving rods 103 are respectively fixed to the adjacent rectangular fixed blocks 102 with first elastic members 106, which are springs for adjacent The tension of the adjacent anchor chain 105 on the limiting wheel 104 is buffered, while the position of the adjacent limiting wheel 104 is maintained under small wind and waves and the moving limiting wheel 104 is driven to reset to the initial position. The floating platform 1 is provided with four motors distributed circumferentially and electrically connected to the control terminal (the motors are existing devices, not disclosed in the figure). The output shafts of the four motors on the floating platform 1 are respectively matched with the adjacent winches 101, and the output shafts of the four motors are detachably connected to the rotating shafts of the adjacent winches 101. The staff adjusts the adjacent anchor chains 105 to the appropriate positions through the four motors.

[0022] like Figure 2-Figure 6As shown, a central symmetrically distributed transmission rod 2 is arranged in the cavity of the floating platform 1, and two transmission rods 2 are staggered with each other. Four capstans 101 are respectively matched with adjacent transmission rods 2 through transmission devices, and the transmission device is a bevel gear set, and two diagonally distributed capstans 101 are matched with one transmission rod 2. (Take the rotation of the left front capstan 101 as an example) The left front capstan 101 drives the right rear capstan 101 to rotate in the opposite direction through the transmission of the transmission rod 2, and while the left front anchor chain 105 is released, the right rear anchor chain 105 is rewound on the adjacent capstan 101. The two transmissions The middle part of the rod 2 is fixedly connected with four axially distributed connecting rings 201. The four connecting rings 201 on the same transmission rod 2 are set as a group. The two groups of connecting rings 201 are fixedly connected with four groups of guide blocks 202. Each group of guide blocks 202 is set to six evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. When the transmission rod 2 drives the adjacent group of connecting rings 201 to rotate, each connecting ring 201 synchronously drives the adjacent group of guide blocks 202 to rotate. Each group of guide blocks 202 is provided with a through hole. The side of each group of guide blocks 202 away from the adjacent transmission rod 2 is fixedly connected with a rotating ring 203. The rotating ring 203 and the adjacent A cavity is provided between the connecting rings 201, and the cavity between the rotating ring 203 and the adjacent connecting ring 201 is filled with hydraulic oil. The rotating ring 203 is slidably connected with a group of moving blocks 204, and each group of moving blocks 204 is set to six evenly distributed circumferentially. The moving blocks 204 are slidably connected with the adjacent guide blocks 202, and the moving blocks 204 cooperate with the through holes on the adjacent guide blocks 202 to block the through holes on the adjacent guide blocks 202, thereby increasing the resistance of the transmission rod 2 during the rotation process. The length of the moving block 204 moving along the adjacent guide blocks 202 is less than the connecting The distance between the ring 201 and the adjacent rotating ring 203 is such that the moving block 204 cannot completely block the through hole on the adjacent guide block 202, thereby affecting the rotation of the adjacent transmission rod 2. The floating platform 1 is fixedly connected with two groups of axially distributed connecting shells 205 through connecting pieces. Each group of connecting shells 205 is configured to have four axially distributed ones. The connecting shells 205 are sealed and rotatably connected to the adjacent rotating rings 203 and the adjacent connecting rings 201. A cavity is provided between the connecting shells 205 and the adjacent rotating rings 203. The cavities of each group of connecting shells 205 and the adjacent rotating rings 203 are filled with hydraulic oil.

[0023] like Figure 3-Figure 5As shown, four circumferentially distributed liquid storage tubes 3 are fixedly connected in the cavity of the floating platform 1 through connecting pieces, and the four liquid storage tubes 3 are respectively close to the four vertex corners of the cavity of the floating platform 1. The four liquid storage tubes 3 are sealed and slidably connected with first push plates 301, and the four first push plates 301 are respectively fixedly connected to adjacent moving rods 103, and the four moving rods 103 respectively drive adjacent first push plates 301 to slide in adjacent liquid storage tubes 3. The opposite ends of two diagonally distributed liquid storage tubes 3 are fixedly connected and connected to a limiting tube 302, and the limiting tube 302 is connected to an adjacent set of connecting shells 205. The first push plate 301 transports the hydraulic oil stored in the adjacent liquid storage tubes 3 to the adjacent limiting tubes 302, and the two limiting tubes 302 are slidably connected with two second push plates 303 distributed in a left and right mirror image manner, and the two second push plates 303 in the same limiting tube 302 are connected to each other. A second elastic member 304 is fixedly connected between the four rectangular fixed blocks 102, and the second elastic member 304 is a spring. In the initial position, the two second push plates 303 in the same limiting tube 302 jointly block the connection between the adjacent group of connecting shells 205 and the limiting tube 302. A third elastic member 305 is fixedly connected between the four rectangular fixed blocks 102 and the adjacent first elastic members 106, respectively. The third elastic member 305 is a spring, and the elastic coefficient of the third elastic member 305 is greater than the elastic coefficient of the adjacent first elastic member 106. When the floating platform 1 is affected by wind and waves and the first elastic member 106 is compressed to the limit position, the limiting wheel 104 will compress the adjacent third elastic member 305. The elastic coefficient of the second elastic member 304 is less than the elastic coefficient of the adjacent third elastic member 305, so as to prevent the third elastic member 305 from affecting the process of driving the adjacent moving rod 103 to reset.

[0024] Before using the device, the staff first uses a transportation tool to transport the device to the designated sea area, then puts the device into the sea, and starts the winches 101 at the four top corners of the floating platform 1 through the control terminal, loosens the anchor chains 105 wound on the four winches 101 and sinks them to the seabed, and connects the lower ends of the four anchor chains 105 to the fixing devices pre-set on the seabed, and then the staff reversely starts the four winches 101 through the control terminal, rewinds the released anchor chains 105 on the adjacent winches 101, and then fixes the floating platform 1 in the designated sea area. At this time, due to their own weight, the underwater parts of the four anchor chains 105 will have a certain curvature. After the floating platform 1 is fixed, the four anchor chains 105 are not completely in a taut state, so the floating platform 1 can drift with the sea water within the specified range, avoiding excessive tension of the anchor chains 105, which aggravates their wear and fatigue cracks and shortens their service life.

[0025] After the floating platform 1 is fixed, the staff transports the photovoltaic components, inverters and other devices to the floating platform 1 with the help of existing transportation equipment, and installs the above devices on the floating platform 1 through the connecting device. At this time, the upper side of the floating platform 1 is still above the sea level, and the lower side of the floating platform 1 will sink below the sea level due to the increase of gravity on it. Then the staff readjusts the tension of the four anchor chains 105 to prevent the weight of the floating platform 1 from increasing after the above devices are installed on the floating platform 1, so that after the floating platform 1 moves downward, the tension of the four anchor chains 105 is relaxed, so that the range of circumferential movement of the floating platform 1 above the sea level is increased.

[0026] When using this device, when facing strong wind and waves, the following two situations may occur (the following description is based on the left side of the device as an example): The first one: when the wind and waves at sea are relatively small, the floating platform 1 and other devices thereon drift to the right under the influence of the wind and waves. At this time, the two anchor chains 105 on the left are tightened, and the two anchor chains 105 on the right are relaxed. In the process of the two anchor chains 105 on the left being tightened, the two anchor chains 105 on the left squeeze the adjacent limiting wheels 104, and drive the two limiting wheels 104 on the left to move to the right synchronously, and compress the two first elastic members 106 on the left. The two first elastic members 106 on the left work together to buffer the impact force of the wind and waves on the device.

[0027] The second type: after the two first elastic members 106 on the left are compressed to the limit position, when the wind and waves on the sea continue to increase, the two anchor chains 105 on the left drive the adjacent winches 101 to rotate during the stretching process, and pull out the anchor chains 105 wound on the left winch 101, thereby increasing the length of the two anchor chains 105 on the left, so that the tension on the left anchor chain 105 is buffered again during the movement of the device to the right, to prevent the tension on the left anchor chain 105 from being too large during the movement of the device to the right, resulting in tearing and damage of the anchor point or even breaking of the anchor chain 105, thereby affecting the safety of the entire substation.

[0028] In the process of the above-mentioned device moving to the right, the two anchor chains 105 on the left are tightened while the two anchor chains 105 on the right are loosened. In the process of the two winches 101 on the left rotating, the two winches 101 on the left respectively drive the adjacent transmission rods 2 to rotate through the transmission of the bevel gear set, and the two transmission rods 2 drive the two winches 101 on the right to rotate in the opposite direction through the transmission of the bevel gears, and then the two anchor chains 105 on the right are respectively wound around the adjacent winches 101, shortening the lengths of the two anchor chains 105 on the right, thereby reducing the distance that the device can move to the left in the process of moving to the right, preventing the wind and waves at sea from suddenly changing direction, causing the device to move to the left. Increase the distance. If the device is not subjected to the pulling force of the two anchor chains 105 on the right during the process of moving to the left to the initial position, the speed of the device moving to the left increases under the action of wind and waves, resulting in an increase in the impact force on the device.

[0029] In the process of pulling out the adjacent anchor chains 105 on the two left winches 101, if the wind and waves on the sea continue to increase, the two anchor chains 105 on the left continue to drive the two limiting wheels 104 on the left to move synchronously to the right during the stretching process, thereby compressing the two third elastic members 305 on the left and driving the two moving rods 103 on the left to move to the right. The two moving rods 103 respectively drive the adjacent first push plates 301 to move synchronously along the adjacent liquid storage pipes 3, and the first push plates 301 transport the hydraulic oil in the adjacent liquid storage pipes 3 to the limiting pipes 302. The hydraulic oil transported to the two limiting pipes 302 respectively drives the adjacent second push plates 303 to move to the right and compresses the adjacent second elastic members 304. During the process of the two second push plates 303 on the left side moving to the right, the two second push plates 303 on the left side gradually release the connection between the adjacent limiting tube 302 and the adjacent connecting shell 205, so that the hydraulic oil delivered to the limiting tube 302 is transmitted to the cavity of the adjacent connecting shell 205, thereby driving the adjacent group of moving blocks 204 to move synchronously in the direction close to the adjacent transmission rod 2, and the through holes on the adjacent group of guide blocks 202 are blocked by the group of moving blocks 204, thereby increasing the resistance of the transmission rod 2 in the process of driving the adjacent connecting ring 201 to rotate, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the adjacent winch 101, so as to slow down the speed at which the two anchor chains 105 on the left side are pulled out, cushion the impact of wind and waves on the floating platform 1, and slow down the speed of the device moving to the right.

[0030] After the wind and waves on the sea surface become calm, or decrease to the point where the two first elastic members 106 on the left are reset, the staff moves the output shafts of the four motors to positions that match the rotating shafts of the adjacent capstans 101 through the control terminal, and then starts the four motors synchronously, and the four motors jointly drive the capstans 101 on the left and right sides to rotate in the opposite direction, rewinding the relaxed parts of the two anchor chains 105 on the left side around the adjacent capstans 101, and releasing the retracted parts of the two anchor chains 105 on the right side, until all four capstans 101 are reset to their initial lengths, and then the staff turns off the motors through the control terminal, and moves the output shafts of the four motors away from the adjacent capstans 101 through the control terminal. 01 rotating shaft, in the process of resetting the above-mentioned two first elastic members 106 on the left side, before the two first elastic members 106 on the left side are reset, the two third elastic members 305 on the left side will first reset to the initial position, and drive the two moving rods 103 on the left side to reset to the initial position synchronously, and the two first push plates 301 on the left side will respectively draw back the hydraulic oil delivered to the adjacent connecting shells 205, and drive the moving block 204 and the second push plate 303 on the left side to reset to the initial position synchronously, to prevent the increase of the resistance of the motor rotation during the resetting of the above-mentioned four floating platforms 1, which will affect the resetting process of the floating platform 1. The movement process of this device when affected by wind and waves in other directions can refer to the above process.

[0031] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the lower side of the floating platform 1 is rotatably connected with four circumferentially distributed floating legs 5, and the four floating legs 5 are all provided with through holes, and the through holes on the floating legs 5 are all distributed in a Z shape. The diameter of the left opening of the through hole on the floating leg 5 is smaller than the diameter of the right opening, so that the seawater flowing into the through hole of the floating leg 5 flows out slowly, increasing the residence time of the seawater in the through hole of the floating leg 5 and thus increasing the weight of the floating leg 5. Rectangular telescopic plates 501 are fixedly connected to the through holes of the four floating legs 5, and the telescopic ends of the four rectangular telescopic plates 501 are respectively slidably connected to the adjacent floating legs 5, and the telescopic ends of the four rectangular telescopic plates 501 respectively block the through holes of the adjacent floating legs 5. The four rectangular telescopic plates The telescopic ends of 501 are all fixedly connected with inclined plates for guiding the seawater flowing into the through holes of adjacent buoyant legs 5. The cavities of the four buoyant legs 5 are all fixedly connected with electric telescopic rods 502 electrically connected to the control terminal. The telescopic ends of the four electric telescopic rods 502 are respectively fixedly connected with the inclined plates on the telescopic ends of adjacent rectangular telescopic plates 501. The four electric telescopic rods 502 respectively drive the telescopic ends of adjacent rectangular telescopic plates 501 to move up and down, thereby blocking or releasing the through holes on the adjacent buoyant legs 5, so that the seawater flows into the through holes on the four buoyant legs 5 and flows out along the through holes on the four buoyant legs 5, thereby increasing the gravity of the four buoyant legs 5 themselves in disguised form.

[0032] like Figure 7-Figure 10As shown, the lower sides of the four floating legs 5 are fixedly connected with circular connecting blocks 6, and the four circular connecting blocks 6 are slidably connected with moving rings 601. The moving rings 601 can only slide in the left and right directions along the adjacent circular connecting blocks 6. Cavities are respectively arranged between the four moving rings 601 and the adjacent circular connecting blocks 6. The four moving rings 601 are respectively fixedly connected with spring plates in the cavities of the adjacent circular connecting blocks 6. The spring plates are not shown in the existing device diagram and are used to maintain the relative positions of the circular connecting blocks 6 and the adjacent moving rings 601 when the wind and waves are small, and to drive the moving rings 601 to reset to the initial position after movement. The four moving rings 601 are respectively fixedly connected with U-shaped ones away from the adjacent rectangular telescopic plates 501. The fixed block 6011, the four U-shaped fixed blocks 6011 are all rotatably connected with a U-shaped plate 602 that runs through them, the upper sides of the four U-shaped plates 602 are all fixedly connected with elastic telescopic plates 603, the telescopic ends of the four elastic telescopic plates 603 are all fixedly connected with a U-shaped movable plate 604, and a group of wind blocking plates 605 evenly distributed are arranged between the four U-shaped plates 602 and the adjacent U-shaped movable plates 604, the four wind blocking plates 605 are simultaneously affected by the waves to drive the adjacent movable rings 601 to rotate, and then drive the adjacent floating legs 102 to rotate, so as to rotate the four rectangular telescopic plates 501 to the windward side at the same time, and the two adjacent wind blocking plates 605 in each group of wind blocking plates 605 are slidably connected.

[0033] like Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, four circular connecting blocks 6 are fixedly connected with first airbags 7, and the first airbags 7 are located adjacent to the circular connecting blocks 6 and close to the adjacent U-shaped fixing blocks 6011. The first airbags 7 are not filled to the limit state in the initial state. The four first airbags 7 are respectively located in the cavities of the adjacent circular connecting blocks 6 and the adjacent moving rings 601. When the moving rings 601 are affected by the waves and move, the adjacent group of first airbags 7 are squeezed. The upper side of each moving ring 601 near the adjacent U-shaped fixing block 6011 is fixed with an arc-shaped limit block 701 The four arc-shaped limit blocks 701 are all provided with arc-shaped grooves, and the arc-shaped push rods 702 are all fixedly connected in the arc-shaped grooves of the four arc-shaped limit blocks 701. The telescopic ends of the arc-shaped push rods 702 are fixedly connected with V-shaped frames 703. The four V-shaped frames 703 slide in the arc-shaped grooves of the adjacent arc-shaped limit blocks 701 respectively. The four arc-shaped push rods 702 drive the adjacent V-shaped frames 703 to slide in the arc-shaped grooves of the arc-shaped limit blocks 701 respectively. The arc-shaped grooves of the four arc-shaped limit blocks 701 are all fixedly connected with elastic telescopic rods. The elastic telescopic rods in the arc grooves are respectively distributed in a front-to-back mirrored manner with the adjacent arc push rods 702, and the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic rods in the arc grooves of the four arc-shaped limit blocks 701 are respectively fixedly connected to the adjacent V-shaped frames 703, which are used to drive the V-shaped frames 703 to reset to the initial position after moving. The left ends of the four V-shaped frames 703 are all fixedly connected with connecting plates 704, and the connecting plates 704 are fixedly connected to the adjacent U-shaped plates 602. The four V-shaped frames 703 respectively drive the adjacent connecting plates 704 to rotate synchronously, thereby changing the U-shaped plates 60 2 is in the vertical position to make it tilted, so as to prevent the U-shaped plate 602 from being unable to rotate when the direction of the wave flow is parallel to the position of the U-shaped plate 602. The fixed part of each group of arc-shaped push rods 702 is fixedly connected and connected with a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe on the fixed part of the arc-shaped push rod 702 passes through the moving ring 601 and the arc-shaped limit block 701 and is connected with the adjacent first airbag 7. The moving ring 601 squeezes the adjacent first airbag 7, and then the gas in the first airbag 7 is transported to the adjacent arc-shaped push rod 702.

[0034] like Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, the right sides of the four circular connecting blocks 6 are fixedly connected with second air bags 705, and the four circular connecting blocks 6 are fixedly connected with air pipes 706. The four air pipes 706 are respectively connected with the adjacent second air bags 705. The front sides of the four U-shaped movable plates 604 are fixedly connected with pneumatic push rods 707. The air pipes 706 penetrate the adjacent movable rings 601, the adjacent U-shaped fixed blocks 6011 and the adjacent U-shaped plates 602. The air pipes 706 are connected with the fixed parts of the adjacent pneumatic push rods 707. The four movable rings 601 squeeze the adjacent second air bags 705 and transport the gas inside them to the fixed parts of the adjacent pneumatic push rods 707. The four U-shaped movable plates 604 are slidably connected with the first U-shaped movable frames 708. The four first U-shaped movable frames 708 are respectively fixedly connected with the telescopic ends of the adjacent pneumatic push rods 707. The telescopic ends of the four pneumatic push rods 707 drive the adjacent first U-shaped movable frames 708 to move synchronously. A U-shaped movable frame 708 is respectively matched with an adjacent group of wind blocking plates 605, and the four U-shaped plates 602 are all slidably connected with a second U-shaped movable frame 709. The four second U-shaped movable frames 709 are respectively matched with an adjacent group of wind blocking plates 605. The lower end of the rightmost wind blocking plate 605 in each group of wind blocking plates 605 is rotatably connected to the adjacent U-shaped plate 602 and slidably connected to the adjacent second U-shaped movable frame 709. The upper end of the rightmost wind blocking plate 605 in each group of wind blocking plates 605 is slidably connected to the adjacent U-shaped movable plate 604 and slidably connected to the adjacent first U-shaped movable frame 708. The lower end of the leftmost wind blocking plate 605 in each group of wind blocking plates 605 is rotatably connected to the adjacent second U-shaped movable frame 709 and slidably connected to the adjacent U-shaped plate 602. The upper end of the leftmost wind blocking plate 605 in each group of wind blocking plates 605 is rotatably connected to the adjacent first U-shaped movable frame 708 and slidably connected to the adjacent U-shaped movable plate 604.

[0035] In the process of the floating platform 1 moving to the right due to the wind and waves on the left side, when the wind and waves increase to the point where the two third elastic members 305 on the left side are deformed, the four moving rings 601 are deformed synchronously with the elastic plates between the adjacent circular connecting blocks 6. The following description is made by taking the movement of the moving ring 601 on the left front side as an example: When the elastic plate between the movable ring 601 and the adjacent circular connecting block 6 is deformed, the movable ring 601 is affected by the wind and waves on the left side and moves to the right. The movable ring 601 squeezes the adjacent first airbag 7, and transmits the gas in the first airbag 7 to the fixed part of the adjacent arc-shaped push rod 702, so that the telescopic end of the arc-shaped push rod 702 extends outward, thereby driving the adjacent V-shaped frame 703 to deflect forward in the arc groove of the adjacent arc-shaped limit block 701, and the V-shaped frame 703 drives the adjacent connecting plate 704 to deflect backward, and the connecting plate 704 drives the U The rotating shaft of the mold plate 602 rotates synchronously, thereby driving the U-shaped plate 602 and other parts connected thereto to shift backward synchronously, so that the wind blocking plate 605 forms a certain angle with the left wind and waves, thereby increasing the area of ​​the wind blocking plate 605 affected by the left wind and waves, so that the wind blocking plate 605 can rotate under the influence of the left wind and waves, and then the adjacent moving ring 601 rotates synchronously, the moving ring 601 drives the adjacent circular connecting block 6 to rotate, and the circular connecting block 6 drives the adjacent floating leg 5 and other parts connected thereto to rotate synchronously.

[0036] After the floating leg 5 rotates 180 degrees, that is, when the rectangular telescopic plate 501 turns to the windward side, the control terminal starts the electric telescopic rod 502, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 502 drives the telescopic end of the adjacent rectangular telescopic plate 501 to move upward, releasing the Z-shaped through hole on the floating leg 5, so that when the wind and waves move to the right, the part flowing into the through hole of the floating leg 5 is diverted and guided by the through hole on the floating leg 5, so that the ocean current flowing into the through hole of the floating leg 5 flows downward along the through hole on the floating leg 5 and flows out from its lower side, thereby increasing the deadweight of the floating leg 5, thereby increasing the deadweight of the overall device and improving the stability of the device in the process of resisting wind and waves.

[0037] During the rotation of the above-mentioned floating leg 5, the angle between the wind and waves on the left and the wind blocking plate 605 continues to increase, and with the gradual rotation of the floating leg 5, the contact position of the wind and waves on the left and the movable ring 601 continues to change, thereby reducing the impact force of the wind and waves on the movable ring 601 to the right, causing the movable ring 601 to gradually return to its initial position under the action of the adjacent spring plate.

[0038] After the floating leg 5 rotates 180 degrees, the mobile ring 601 is affected by the wind and waves and moves synchronously to the right and squeezes the adjacent second airbag 705, transporting the gas in the second airbag 705 to the adjacent pneumatic push rod 707, and making the telescopic end of the pneumatic push rod 707 extend outward, and drives the adjacent first U-shaped mobile frame 708 to move synchronously to the right, and the first U-shaped mobile frame 708 drives the upper end of the rightmost adjacent wind blocking plate 605 to move synchronously to the right, and then drives the upper ends of the adjacent group of wind blocking plates 605 to move synchronously to the right. In the process of the movement of the group of wind blocking plates 605, the group of wind blocking plates The plate 605 rotates around the connecting axis between the leftmost wind blocker 605 and the U-shaped plate 602. During this process, the upper side of the group of wind blockers 605 tilts to the right, and at the same time, the distance between the upper and lower ends of two adjacent wind blockers 605 increases synchronously, so that the lower end of the rightmost wind blocker 605 in the group of wind blockers 605 drives the adjacent second U-shaped movable frame 709 to move synchronously to the right, so as to reduce the contact area between the left side of the group of wind blockers 605 and the wind and waves after the floating leg 5 rotates 180 degrees, reduce the impact of wind and waves on the group of wind blockers 605, and thus reduce the impact of wind and waves on the overall stability of the device.

[0039] When the wind and waves decrease to a level that is not enough to deform the elastic plate between the circular connecting block 6 and the movable ring 601, the movable ring 601 resets to the left, thereby driving the second air bag 705 on the left to reset, and the gas in the pneumatic push rod 707 is drawn back into the second air bag 705, thereby driving the pneumatic push rod 707 to reset, and the pneumatic push rod 707 drives the adjacent group of wind blocking plates 605 to reset in preparation for the next wind and waves. The movement process and reset process of the remaining three floating legs 5 and other devices connected thereto can refer to the movement process and reset process of the left front floating leg 5 mentioned above.

[0040] The above description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The contents not elaborated in detail in the present invention belong to the existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An offshore photovoltaic substation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a floating platform (1), wherein the floating platform (1) is provided with a control terminal, wherein the floating platform (1) is provided with a cavity, wherein a circumferentially distributed winch (101) is rotatably connected in the cavity of the floating platform (1) via a connecting piece, wherein the floating platform (1) is fixedly connected with a circumferentially distributed rectangular fixed block (102), wherein the rectangular fixed block (102) is slidably connected with a moving rod (103), wherein the moving rod (103) passes through the floating platform (1) and is slidably connected thereto, wherein a side of the moving rod (103) away from the floating platform (1) is rotatably connected to a limiting wheel (104) via a connecting piece, wherein an anchor chain (105) is wound around the winch (101), wherein the ... 5) One end away from the floating platform (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing device on the seabed through a connecting piece, the circumferentially distributed rectangular fixing blocks (102) are rotatably connected to guide wheels that are distributed in a mirror image and cooperate with the adjacent anchor chain (105), the anchor chain (105) bypasses the guide wheel on the adjacent rectangular fixing block (102) and the adjacent limiting wheel (104) at the same time, a first elastic member (106) is fixedly connected between the moving rod (103) and the adjacent rectangular fixing block (102), the floating platform (1) is provided with a motor that is distributed circumferentially and electrically connected to the control terminal, and the output shaft of the motor on the floating platform (1) cooperates with the adjacent winch (101).

2. An offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity of the floating platform (1) is rotatably connected to a transmission rod (2) distributed in a central symmetrical manner via a connecting piece; the capstan (101) cooperates with an adjacent transmission rod (2) via a transmission device; the transmission rod (2) is fixedly connected to an axially distributed connection ring (201); the axially distributed connection rings (201) are all fixedly connected to a circumferentially evenly distributed flow guide block (202); the circumferentially evenly distributed flow guide blocks (202) are all provided with through holes; the circumferentially evenly distributed flow guide blocks (202) are commonly fixedly connected to a rotating ring (203); a cavity is provided between the rotating ring (203) and the adjacent connection ring (201); the rotating ring (203) is connected to the adjacent connection ring (201); and the rotating ring (203) is connected to the adjacent connection ring (201). 3) slidingly connected with circumferentially evenly distributed moving blocks (204), the circumferentially evenly distributed moving blocks (204) are respectively slidably connected with adjacent guide blocks (202), and the circumferentially evenly distributed moving blocks (204) are respectively matched with through holes on adjacent guide blocks (202), the floating platform (1) is fixedly connected with an axially distributed connecting shell (205) through a connecting piece, the axially distributed connecting shell (205) is respectively sealed and rotatably connected with adjacent rotating rings (203) and adjacent connecting rings (201), and cavities are respectively provided between the axially distributed connecting shell (205) and adjacent rotating rings (203).

3. An offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of movement of the moving block (204) along the adjacent guide block (202) is less than the distance between the connecting ring (201) and the adjacent rotating ring (203).

4. The offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating platform (1) is fixedly connected to circumferentially distributed liquid storage tubes (3) through connecting members, and the circumferentially distributed liquid storage tubes (3) are all sealed and slidably connected to first push plates (301), the first push plates (301) are fixedly connected to the adjacent moving rods (103), the diagonally distributed liquid storage tubes (3) are commonly fixedly connected and communicated with a limiting tube (302), the limiting tube (302) is slidably connected to a mirror-distributed second push plate (303), a second elastic member (304) is fixedly connected between the mirror-distributed second push plates (303) in the same limiting tube (302), and a third elastic member (305) is fixedly connected between the rectangular fixed block (102) and the adjacent first elastic member (106).

5. An offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the third elastic member (305) is greater than the elastic coefficient of the adjacent first elastic member (106), and the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member (304) is less than the elastic coefficient of the adjacent third elastic member (305).

6. The offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The floating platform (1) is rotatably connected to floating legs (5) distributed in a circumferential direction, each of the floating legs (5) distributed in the circumferential direction is provided with a through hole, a rectangular telescopic plate (501) is fixedly connected in the through hole of the floating leg (5), the telescopic end of the rectangular telescopic plate (501) is slidably connected to an adjacent floating leg (5), the telescopic end of the rectangular telescopic plate (501) is fixedly connected to an inclined plate, an electric telescopic rod (502) electrically connected to a control terminal is fixedly connected in the cavity of the floating leg (5), and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (502) is fixedly connected to the inclined plate on the telescopic end of the adjacent rectangular telescopic plate (501).

7. An offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The floating legs (5) are circumferentially distributed, and are fixedly connected to a circular connection block (6) on one side away from the floating platform (1). The circular connection block (6) is slidably connected to a moving ring (601). A cavity is provided between the moving ring (601) and an adjacent circular connection block (6). A spring plate is fixedly connected in the cavity between the moving ring (601) and the adjacent circular connection block (6). The moving ring (601) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped spring plate on one side away from the adjacent rectangular telescopic plate (501). The U-shaped fixed block (6011) is rotatably connected to a U-shaped plate (602) penetrating the U-shaped fixed block (6011); the U-shaped plate (602) is fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic plate (603); the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic plate (603) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped movable plate (604); uniformly distributed wind blocking plates (605) are arranged between the U-shaped plate (602) and the adjacent U-shaped movable plate (604); and the adjacent wind blocking plates (605) are slidably connected.

8. An offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The through hole on the floating leg (5) is Z-shaped, and the diameter of the hole close to the adjacent U-shaped plate (602) is smaller than the diameter of the hole far from the adjacent U-shaped plate (602).

9. The offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The circular connection block (6) is fixedly connected with a first airbag (7), the first airbag (7) is located in a cavity between the adjacent circular connection block (6) and the adjacent moving ring (601), the moving ring (601) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped limit block (701), the arc-shaped limit block (701) is provided with an arc-shaped groove, an arc-shaped push rod (702) is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped groove of the arc-shaped limit block (701), the telescopic end of the arc-shaped push rod (702) is fixedly connected with a V-shaped frame (703), the V-shaped frame (703) slides in the arc-shaped groove of the adjacent arc-shaped limit block (701), an elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected in the arc-shaped groove of the arc-shaped limit block (701), and the same arc-shaped limit block (701) The elastic telescopic rod in the arc groove is distributed in a mirror image with the adjacent arc push rod (702), and the telescopic ends of the elastic telescopic rod in the arc groove of the four arc limit blocks (701) are fixedly connected to the adjacent V-shaped frame (703), and one end of the V-shaped frame (703) away from the adjacent arc limit block (701) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (704), and the connecting plate (704) is fixedly connected to the adjacent U-shaped plate (602). The fixed parts of the symmetrically distributed arc push rods (702) are all fixedly connected and connected to connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes on the fixed parts of the arc push rods (702) pass through the adjacent moving ring (601) and the arc limit block (701) and are connected to the adjacent first airbag (7).

10. An offshore photovoltaic substation according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second airbag (705) is fixedly connected to the circular connecting block (6) on a side away from the adjacent first airbag (7), an air pipe (706) is fixedly connected to the circular connecting block (6), the air pipe (706) is communicated with the adjacent second airbag (705), the U-shaped movable plate (604) is fixedly connected to a pneumatic push rod (707), the air pipe (706) passes through the adjacent movable ring (601), the adjacent U-shaped fixed block (6011) and the adjacent U-shaped plate (602), and the air pipe (706) is connected to the adjacent The fixed part of the pneumatic push rod (707) is connected, the U-shaped movable plate (604) is slidably connected to a first U-shaped movable frame (708), the first U-shaped movable frame (708) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the adjacent pneumatic push rod (707), the first U-shaped movable frame (708) cooperates with the adjacent and evenly distributed wind blocking plates (605), the U-shaped plate (602) is slidably connected to a second U-shaped movable frame (709), and the second U-shaped movable frame (709) cooperates with the adjacent and evenly distributed wind blocking plates (605).

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